Background technology
Society, due to the pollution of quickening, industrial pollution, rural area Pollution from livestock and poultry, the residual bait of aquaculture and the ight soil of urbanization progress, the pollution of agricultural planting fertilizer, degenerated in water body habitat, water quality and substrate pollution are serious, not only directly affect the development of culture fishery, also the development of other industries such as human habitat, agricultural has been brought to detrimentally affect.
Due to water pollution increase the weight of and people more and more pay attention to for water body habitat, the water treatment field develop rapidly of also meeting the tendency, common water treatment method generally comprises physical treatment, chemical treatment, biological treatment and comprehensive above-mentioned three's treatment process at present.Wherein, the comparatively common treatment process of biological treatment is that microbial strains or flora are rendered in polluted waters, engulfs, decomposes the pollutent in polluted waters by microorganism.And a ring of most critical is the living environment of microorganism in above-mentioned biological treatment, the quality of this living environment has directly affected microorganism survival time, the removal effect of pollutent, so microorganism conventionally depends on a suspending carrier and throws in use at present, and in the time selecting suspending carrier, will involve the slowly-releasing problem of microorganism, be that can microorganism in long-time be all discharged into polluted waters with speed slowly in carrier, to ensure that this waters all has certain microorganism concn in long-time section, the newborn microorganism that particularly slowly-releasing goes out from carrier, and this slow releasing function can also make the microorganism having discharged in waters be difficult for aging, weaken.
Existing suspension microorganism carrier adopts the plastic productions such as polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene more, and the shortcoming of these carriers is that surface is hydrophobicity, and in the situation that turbulent flow is stronger, microorganism is difficult to growth in carrier outside, and therefore the utilization ratio of surface-area is low.
Application number is that 201110397629.0 patent of invention discloses a kind of enhancing biologic packing material, this enhancing biologic packing material utilizes the short space of cutting activated carbon fiber, activated carbon granule on porous substrate to adsorb microorganism, but the slowly-releasing energy level of the microorganism on this biologic packing material is very low, keep the action time of slowly-releasing very short, easily cause in a short time the extinction of superior microorganism group.
Application number is that the patent of invention of 200810023783.X discloses a kind of microorganism water purification slow release body, adopt porous natural crystal particle as carrier, microorganism water purification bacterium or flora implantation are in the hole of porous natural crystal particle, but this porous natural crystal particle is in the situation that being subject to impulsive force larger, its intrapore microorganism is easy to be impacted and discharges fast, so its slow release effect playing is also very limited.
Application number is that 200610132379.7 and 201010582869.3 patent of invention discloses respectively a kind of microorganism suspended carrier for water treatment, this suspending carrier is arranged at by float stone and hydrophobic foam plastics or activated carbon granule in the baton round housing of surperficial perforate and forms, wherein the surface of float stone or porous plastics or activated carbon granule is as microbial growth region, baton round housing has grid in order to releasing microbe, but microorganism is still only attached to the surface void of float stone or porous plastics or activated carbon granule, because above-mentioned carrier surface space is very limited to the containing ability of microorganism, and especially easily make microorganism be subject to water impact and discharge fast, slow release effect is still very limited, its slow-release time generally can not exceed 5-7 days.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is according to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of water treatment method that utilizes microorganism to carry out sewage purification is provided, by in microbe carrier periphery successively envelope micropore obturator, spherical shell with holes and have openings frame body form biological bed, make microorganism to be flowed into and processed in waters and form multistage slow-release effect by openings, breeding, the growing environment of microorganism are protected simultaneously; The use of this biological bed can realize biological bed composite bio-chemical water technology,, processing in waters without adding mass filler, only needs to add the water technology of a small amount of biological bed.
The object of the invention realizes and being completed by following technical scheme:
A kind of water treatment method that utilizes microorganism to carry out sewage purification, relate to the described microorganism with water purification function, it is characterized in that, at least comprise the following steps:, in processing waters, at least one biological bed is set, the frame body with openings is set in described biological bed.
At least one spherical shell with holes is set in described frame body, the contour dimension of described spherical shell with holes is not less than the opening size of described openings, built-inly in the cavity of described spherical shell with holes carry described microorganism carrier, offer aperture on described spherical shell with holes surface, the aperture of described aperture is not less than the largest contours size of described microorganism.
At the peripheral envelope one micropore obturator of described microorganism carrier, on described micropore obturator, offer micropore, the aperture of described micropore is not less than the largest contours size of described microorganism.
In processing waters, some described biological bed are set, some described biological bed are evenly arranged in described waters, or some described biological bed are arranged along region intermediate or at least one side interval of described waters flow direction.
Some described spherical shells with holes are interspersed among in described frame body, or some described spherical shells with holes are fixedly arranged on to described frame body inside with space line array-like.
Between adjacent spherical shell described with holes, be installed with block.
Described spherical shell with holes forms central rotation or eccentric rotary in described frame body.
Described frame body is suspended in described waters with hanging like, or connects a weight in the bottom of described frame body so that described framework physical efficiency is placed in suspended state among described waters.
Described frame body is set to grid-like framework body, and the grid of described grid-like framework surface is described openings.
Orifice plate is arranged to at least one side of described grid-like framework body, and the perforate aperture on described orifice plate is less than the interior wide size of described grid.
The ratio that the volume of described biological bed accounts for described processing Volume of waters is not more than 50%.
The ratio that the volume of described biological bed accounts for described processing Volume of waters is 1%-5%.
On microbe carrier in described micropore obturator, be fixed with in advance functional type microbial strains.
Advantage of the present invention is: 1, the microbial diversity in waters improves greatly.2, the breeding of microorganism, growing environment improve greatly, have offset the environment impact on microorganism active, especially summer and the impact of winter on microorganism.3, because microorganic adhesion is in micropore obturator and spherical shell with holes, its weathering resistance improves greatly, has especially reduced the impact on microorganism of summer high temperature or winter low temperature.4, can be according to the pollution level in waters and contamination class preparatory function type peculiar microorganism bacterial classification in micropore obturator.5, microorganism slow releasing function is remarkable.6, realize the rescue after the biochemical system collapse of waters.7, in biological bed, be a most efficient wastewater treatment place, can realize biological bed composite bio-chemical water technology, this technique has and adds than little, but the good feature of Biochemical Treatment; Generally, biological bed is only 1%-5% with respect to the volume ratio that adds of processing waters.
Embodiment
Feature of the present invention and other correlated characteristic are described in further detail by embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, so that technician's of the same trade understanding:
As shown in Fig. 1-13, in figure, mark 1-22 is respectively: biological bed 1, frame body 2, spherical shell with holes 3, web member 4, waffle slab 5, porous plate 6, aperture 7, microbe carrier 8, river course 9, biochemistry pool 10, crossbeam 11, static line 12, chain 13, weight 14, block 15, aerating apparatus 16, dish for cultivating 17, power supply 18, waterplant 19, openings 20, micropore obturator 21, micropore 22.
Embodiment: the water treatment method in the present embodiment is to belong to biological water treatment method, relates to and utilizes microorganism polluted waters to be carried out to the treatment process of water body purification, specifically comprises the following steps:
For example, in polluted waters (any occasion that comprises water treatment, river course, biochemistry pool) at least one biological bed 1 is set, biological bed 1 is built-in with the microorganism of Function For Purifying Water.As shown in Figure 1, biological bed 1 comprises frame body 2, spherical shell with holes 3, and wherein spherical shell 3 with holes is positioned at the inside of frame body 2.The surface of frame body 2 has the openings 20 passing through for current, and the opening size of this openings 20 is less than the contour dimension of spherical shell 3 with holes, avoids spherical shell 3 with holes to be flushed to frame body 2 outsides by openings 20 after water impact.As shown in Figure 2, the main body of spherical shell 3 with holes is the spherical shell of a hollow, and this enclosure interior is built-in with some microbe carriers 8, and microbe carrier 8 is for presetting the carrier of specific function type microbial strains; Surface of shell offers some apertures 7, the aperture of aperture 7 is not less than the largest contours size of the microbial strains being preset on microbe carrier 8, so that the release rate that microorganism is discharged in polluted waters from microbe carrier 8 can be controlled by the pore size of aperture 7, it is microbes is equal to or greater than its largest contours size successively aperture 7 by aperture, and can not produce a large amount of microorganisms simultaneously by being discharged into the situation in polluted waters after aperture 7, also just realize the slow releasing function of microorganism.Simultaneously due to, microorganism is protected in spherical shell 3 with holes and biological bed 1, so its growth and breeding environment is guaranteed, especially can eliminate the detrimentally affect of temperature variation.In addition, due to the kind difference of microbe carrier, can be at the peripheral envelope one micropore obturator 21 of microbe carrier, on micropore obturator 21, offer micropore 22, the aperture of micropore 22 is not less than the largest contours size of microorganism, matches and forms three grades of slow releasing functions with the openings 20 on aperture 7 and frame body 2 on spherical shell 3 with holes.
Because specific function type microbial strains is to be preset on microbe carrier 8, and there is very strong specific aim in order to ensure the kind of microorganism to processing the objective factors such as water pollution kind, the own geographic entity of pollution level and waters, so before biological bed 1 is set, should carry out taking the water sample of polluted waters as basis sampling survey, thus on microbe carrier 8 preset pointed corresponding specific function type microbial strains.Same, due to the kind difference of microbial strains, so its largest contours size is not identical yet, so the pore size of the micropore 22 on micropore obturator 21 should require to match with the largest contours size of microorganism and concrete slowly-releasing, and the pore size of aperture 7 on spherical shell 3 with holes should require balance design according to flow power size and the concrete slowly-releasing processed in waters, and the size of openings 20 on frame body 2 should match with the flow dynamic size of processing in waters, microorganism is by micropore 22, aperture 7 and openings 20 form three grades of slow releasing functions.
In the time of the water treatment for polluted river channel, biological bed 1 can arrange according to different setting positions, all can play good decontamination effect improving.As shown in Figure 3, waters is processed for polluted river channel in river course 9, biological bed 1 is evenly arranged on a section in river course 9, arranges some roads biological bed 1 along the width in river course 9 with interval, and some biological bed in per pass biological bed 1 are arranged along the water (flow) direction interval in river course 9; So,, after the river in river course 9 is flowed through biological bed 1, its pollutant component can be engulfed or decompose by the microorganism in biological bed 1, thereby river course is purified.In the time need to reducing the input cost of river regulation, biological bed 1 can be arranged by the mode as shown in Fig. 4 or 5 or 6.As shown in Figure 4, some biological bed 1 are arranged along both sides side (being in two banks in the river course 9) interval of river course 9 water (flow) directions, can play equally the river course decontamination effect improving of highly significant.As shown in Figure 5, some biological bed 1 are arranged along the region intermediate interval of river course 9 water (flow) directions.As shown in Figure 6, some biological bed 1 are arranged to (side of solid line one shown in figure or dotted line one side) along at least one side interval of river course 9 water (flow) directions, all can play decontamination effect improving.
In the time biological bed being applied to biochemistry pool (being a kind of water treating pond in water treatment system), can adopt equally the identical biological bed decoration form adopting when processing polluted river channel, to realize decontamination effect improving.
As shown in Figure 7, have pending polluted water in biochemistry pool 10, now biological bed 1 can be suspended in biochemistry pool with underslung layout.One crossbeam 11 is set above the body of the pond of biochemistry pool 10, on crossbeam 11, be fixedly connected with two static lines 12, two static lines 12 are fixedly connected with the both sides of the frame body 2 of biological bed 1 respectively, biological bed 1 is hung on crossbeam 11 by static line 12, and pond face in biochemistry pool 10 is suspension below.
And for the water treatment in river course 9, biological bed 1 is with the floated inside, contaminated river course that is arranged at as shown in 8.As shown in Figure 8, the bottom of biological bed 1 is fixedly connected with one end of chain 13, the other end of chain 13 is connected and fixed a weight 14, wherein weight 14 increases to the gravity of biological bed 1 and should be greater than the difference between the biological bed suffered buoyancy of 1 body and biological bed 1 self gravitation, at the bottom of guaranteeing that biological bed 1 can not be sunken to river course, but be placed in river course 9 with a kind of suspended state.But in the time running into the gravity of weight 14 and be greater than the suffered buoyancy of biological bed 1 body, can in biological bed 1, installing some buoyant devices such as such as kickboard, foam, hollow body additional, to increase the buoyancy of biological bed 1 floating to ensure that biological bed 1 is suspended state in river course 9.
The suspended state method to set up of the biological bed 1 shown in Fig. 8 is equally applicable to biochemistry pool.But on the contrary, the width of comparing biochemistry pool due to the width in river course is larger, and the water (flow) direction in river course is indefinite, The turbulent river crashes its way through, and degree is larger, if and arrange biological bed 1 in the mode of Fig. 7, its required suspension strut power is stronger, is not exclusively applicable to river course processing so Fig. 7 mesophytization bed hangs the decoration form connecting.
In the time that biological bed 1 is set, except considering the position in polluted waters of itself, also need to consider to be built in the set-up mode of the spherical shell with holes 3 in biological bed 1 frame body 2.Because spherical shell 3 with holes can be subject to the impact from current, so its fixed form can be divided into fixed and distributed mode by the shock strength being subject to.Wherein, fixed referring to: as shown in Fig. 9,10, some spherical shells with holes 3 run through the web member 4 of its ball centre by one and connect and be fixed in frame body 2 in the mode of space array, the two ends of web member 4 are connected and fixed on respectively frame body 2, between spherical shell 3 with holes, interval arranges, interval between spherical shell 3 with holes is installed with for the block 15 to spherical shell 3 cross spacings with holes, avoids being bumped by water impact between adjacent spherical shell with holes 3.Spherical shell 3 with holes can adopt center suspension or the eccentric mode hanging to fix, it is the rotation center that web member 4 can laterally run through some spherical shells with holes 3, or laterally run through the eccentric position of some spherical shells with holes 3, so that spherical shell 3 with holes is when by water impact, can be with respect to web member 4 in the interior generation center rotating of frame body 2 or eccentric rotary.And distributed mode refers to: spherical shell 3 with holes is directly positioned over to frame body 2 inside, because the surface of frame body 2 has the openings 20 that is less than spherical shell 3 with holes, thus spherical shell with holes 3 can not be rushed out outside frame body 2, but in frame body 2 inside with water movement.
In the time adopting the set-up mode of spherical shell with holes 3 of distributed mode, the relative position between aerating apparatus 16 and biological bed 1, has affected the structure of the frame body 2 of envelope spherical shell 3 with holes.In the time adopting fixed spherical shell 3 set-up mode with holes, the relative both sides panel of frame body 2 general employing is porous plate 6, and remaining panel is the frame body structure of waffle slab 5, and perforate aperture on porous plate 6 is less than the opening size of the grid (being openings 20) of waffle slab 5; In use waffle slab 5 is aimed to the flow direction of current, even if current flow into frame body 2 by waffle slab 5 and spherical shell 3 with holes are rotated, and porous plate 6 is positioned at the both sides of current, because the aperture of porous plate 6 is little, go out from porous plate 6 so current are more difficult, thereby the water impact force direction of avoiding spherical shell 3 with holes to be subject to is indefinite, also can make the inner directed current that are conducive to Microbiological release that produce of frame body 2 simultaneously.And in the time adopting the set-up mode of spherical shell with holes 3 of distributed mode, aerating apparatus 16 can be arranged at biological bed 1 under, as shown in figure 11, make the stationary flow of the interior generation of frame body 2 by centre to both sides; And when aerating apparatus 16 is arranged to a side of biological bed 1, as shown in figure 12, the side panel that needs frame body 2 and aerating apparatus 16 to close on a side is set to porous plate 6, the more difficult effluent from porous plate 6 of current is gone out, thereby make the interior formation of frame body 2 dominate current.
For improve biological bed 1 process compound when polluted river channel utilize effect and for make its moulding do not destroy near environment attractive in appearance, biological bed 1 can be transform as to an ecological compound biological bed.As shown in figure 13, a dish for cultivating 17 is installed on the end face of biological bed 1, dish for cultivating 17 is as the growth district of waterplant 19, and this waterplant 19 may be selected to be the kind with environmental purification function, has more improved the decontamination effect improving of biological bed 1 to polluted waters.One aerating apparatus 16 is installed in the bottom of biological bed 1, and the power of aerating apparatus 16 provides by the power supply 18 being arranged on biological bed 1 end face; And for environmental protection and energy saving, the forms of electricity generation that power supply 18 can utilize the multiple environmental protection such as solar electrical energy generation, wind power generation, water power is powered for aerating apparatus 16.
The present embodiment is in the specific implementation: biological bed 1 is applied in the biochemistry pool or river course of water treatment, the slow releasing function of biological bed 1 is as shown in table 1, and the slow-release time of comparing the bacterial classification in conventional example 1,2 two kinds of waste water treatment process of example has had and significantly improves.
The microorganism slow releasing function of the different waste water treatment process of table 1
The volume ratio of example 3, the biological bed 1 of example 4 described in processing the present embodiment adding in waters is respectively 1% and 8%, micropore obturator 21 in biological bed 1 have hold that biomass is large, feature that slow-release time is long, thereby can realize in biological bed (biologic packing material) and throw in and still can play obvious waters cleaning action than very little in the situation that.In addition, biological bed 1 utilizes the aperture 7 on micropore 22, the spherical shell with holes 3 on micropore obturator 21 and the openings on frame body 2 20 to coordinate three grades of slow releasing functions that form, be applied in the biological bed composite bio-chemical water technology of the present invention's proposition, realize example 3, the slow-release time of example 4 and significantly improving of effect.
Biological bed 1 is applied in the biochemistry pool of water treatment, the weathering resistance effect of biological bed 1 is as shown in table 2, comparing in conventional example 1,2 two kinds of water technologies of example the weathering resistance of microorganism has had and has significantly improved, especially avoided the impact of winter low temperature on microbial strains activity, before and after low temperature, the COD clearance of the present embodiment (example 3) is still basic identical.
The resistance to low temperature contrast of the different waste water treatment process of table 2
Biological bed 1 is applied in the biochemistry pool of water treatment, the wastewater biochemical Treatment Effects of biological bed 1 is as shown in table 3, the relativity of comparing between dosage and the clearance of conventional example 1 has had remarkable improvement, add the biological bed that volume is far smaller than elastic filler, but obtained higher COD clearance.
Table 3 difference add than wastewater biochemical Treatment Effects