CN1040581C - 纤维光学连接罩 - Google Patents
纤维光学连接罩 Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
- G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/44—Mechanical structures for providing tensile strength and external protection for fibres, e.g. optical transmission cables
- G02B6/4439—Auxiliary devices
- G02B6/444—Systems or boxes with surplus lengths
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Abstract
一种纤维光学连接罩,包括一系列枢轴地固定在外壳中的叠层连接底盘,以及椭圆形状的通常为柔性的传送管,连接罩内将露出的光纤传送给连接底盘。传送管有不同的柔性,允许在通常垂直其较大尺寸的方向上弯曲,同时避免在通常垂直其较小尺寸的方向上弯曲。连接底盘一端枢轴地固定在装配架上,装配架固定在外壳的端盖上。每个连接底盘的铰链,包括制动闩以将单个底盘夹持在抬起位置,从而为底层的底盘进出提供方便。
Description
本发明涉及纤维光学领域,更确切地说,涉及一种纤维光学连接罩,包括按叠层连接编制的连接底盘、连接托架以及将光纤运载给此连接底盘的传送管。
采用纤维光缆和数字式电子线路的光纤通信系统广泛应用于远距离通信产业,以将大量数据和声音信号越过较长的无中继距离进行传输,而且实际上没有噪音。纤维光缆用的连接点和分接点,对于大多数这种系统是需要的。例如在连接点处,光缆一端的所有光纤都要同串联光缆的对应光纤相连。在分接点或者快速连接点,某些光纤可以连接在分接光缆上,而大多数的光纤则穿过此分接点不变。
对于连接点和分接点来说,光纤从保护性光缆蒙皮中暴露出来即被连接及固定在连接罩中。连接罩通常包括有保护性的外壳,其上或是带有供光缆穿入的单个端盖(所谓对接连接),或是带有供相应光缆穿入的一对相对的端盖(即所谓并行连接)。
典型的对接连接罩,如由本发明的受让人制做的FOSC100型连接罩那样,通常包括一或更多个按叠层排列安装在保护性外壳中的连接机构或连接底盘。该底盘在其一端枢轴地与装配架相连,随后该装配架连接在此连接罩端盖的内侧表面上。这种枢轴连接,通过靠近回转点插进一块可取掉的隔离器或压板,可让单个的连接底盘临时运动到抬起位置。因此,随后可以让下面的连接底盘自由进出,例如检查光纤线路或者改造有毛病的连接。
伸进外壳中的光缆被固定其中并对穿入点进行密封,以防止水进入此保护性外壳内。由于起保护作用的光缆外皮在外壳中已被除掉,所以被称之为“传送管”的柔韧的保护管,被用来保护由光缆的夹紧点伸向相应的连接机构底盘的多组予定光纤。这种传统性传送管通常具有圆形的截面和均匀的壁厚。对于松弛缓冲型的典型纤维光缆来说,此予定组光纤通常是所有这些光纤都处在一给定的缓冲管中。换而言之,传送管在相应缓冲管的端部上面滑动,以便承载及保护伸向连接底盘的光纤。一或多根这种传送管迂回并固定在每个连接底盘上。
传送管必须能够保护光纤而不管发生任何弯曲,例如当连接底盘回转到抬起位置以让下面的底盘进出时。进一步说来,传送管必须能够保护光纤避免更尖锐地弯曲到超过其最小弯曲半径。由于在使用松弛缓冲的光缆时单根的光纤是伸过传送管的,故这些单根的光纤要能很容易地随同传送管一起弯曲。
对于许多应用来说,需要具有较高光纤数的光缆。具有较小截面的高光纤数光缆是可用的,并且包括许多根光纤带,例如由AT&T提出的LIGHTPACKR纤维光缆。光纤带能够很容易地仅在其较大尺寸的法向弯曲到单根光纤的最小弯曲半径。然而此光纤带并不能在垂直其较小尺寸的方向上尖锐弯曲。换而言之,光纤带最好只在垂直其较大尺寸的方向上弯曲。此外,光纤带不应在其较小尺寸的方向上弯曲,因其可以造成高的信号衰减或实质性损害。
遗憾地是,定位在传统性传送管中的光纤带可能在任何方向上弯曲,从而增加衰减及可能损害光纤带。此外,传统传送管还允许光纤带由其扁平形状变形和压紧或卷曲,例如当利用线匝将传送管的端部固定在连接机构底盘上时。因此,传统的圆形截面的传送管对于带状光缆用在连接罩中是不适合的。
与固定在连接罩内光纤接头的特性和寿命有关的还有连接托架,许多托架通常安装在一个连接底盘上面。此连接托架将单个接头件保持在两根相应的光纤之间。典型的连接托架可能接纳4至10个接头件,并且在存在机械冲击和振动的情况下保持将接头件充分固定。这些接头件通常是融接在一起的光纤带的保护套,或者可以是机械式接头件,以将连接光纤的端部定位及保持精确对准。例如授于Krafcik等人的美国专利No.4,679,896,所公开的典型连接托架是由弹性块构成的,其中带有加工出来的一系列通道,以便有弹性地固紧地接纳光纤接头件。
对于光纤接头件的精确外部尺寸,并不存在有工业上的标准,相反,存在许多普通市场上即可买得到的机械接头件和融熔接头件,大都具有不同的外部尺寸。在试图容纳各种各样尺寸的不同类型接头件方面,AT&T提供了一种带有一系列彼此分开一定距离的可变形的塑性材料壁的连接托架,以接纳不同规格的接头件。按照类似方式,授于Barlow等人的美国专利4,793,681,公开了一种带有许多对相对的片簧的连接托架,以接纳不同规格的接头。授于Cooper等人的美国专利4,854,661,则公开了一种跨在连接托架上的盖,带有定位于盖中的弹性垫片,以将光纤接头夹持在下垫连接托架的相应浅槽中。与此类似,授于De Santi的美国专利4,687,289包括可以从下垫凹槽中偏移的盖,从而可以接纳比典型的机械接头略小的融接接头。尽管要力图容纳不同规格的接头,但另一方面还需要对接头适当减震,以抵抗机械冲击和振动。
连接罩通常还包括与叠层的连接底盘相邻的下部松弛储存底盘。这种松弛储存底盘对于分接接头特别重要,因为那里的大量光纤是未经连接通过此连接罩的。典型的松弛储存底盘通常为矩形,带有垂直延伸的相对侧壁。这种松弛储存底盘在圆柱形外壳如在FOSC100连罩中,一般是沿纵向延伸的。遗憾地是,这种储存底盘对于松弛储存具有有限的能力,因其垂直伸展的侧壁的高度受到圆柱形外壳尺寸的限制。因为需要高光纤量的光缆,特别对于分接或者快速连接点来说,所以附加松弛储存的能力是必需的。
有关连接罩另一方面要考虑的,是优先将所需要的光纤或带与连接机构底盘上的松弛光纤来隔开的能力,能减小对相邻光纤的干扰。这种令人生厌的任务通常试图靠使用比较小的带钩的探头如钩针来解决,以将所需要的光纤或带同位于连接底盘侧壁附近的松弛光纤隔开。
鉴于前述背景技术,因此,本发明的目的在于提供一种包括传送管的连接罩,它能够避免带型光缆不需要的弯曲,而且还能接纳松弛缓冲管型光缆。
本发明的另一个目的在于提供一种纤维光学连接罩,它包括一系列可被安置在叠层位置或可运动至抬起位置的连接底盘,以便于下面的连接底盘进出。
本发明的再一个目的是提供一种带有一系列连接托架的纤维光学连接罩,托架能够很容易地接纳具有不同外部尺寸的各种接头。
本发明的再另一个目的是提供一种纤维光学连接罩,它包括有能让予定的光纤很容易同相邻的松弛光纤分开的连接底盘。
本发明这些以及其它一些目的、优点和性能通过一种纤维光学连接罩来提供,它包括一个外壳、许多定位在此外壳中并与其枢轴连接的连接底盘,以及许多从光缆端部伸到连接底盘上通常为柔韧的传送管,以承载取出并放线给相应连接底盘的光纤;其中每个传送管都包括赋予横过其纵轴的第一及第二个方向之间以不同柔韧性的手段。这种赋予传送管以不同柔韧性的手段,最好由其予定的截面形状来提供。
每一个传送管的截面形状,一般最好为椭圆形,具有较大尺寸和较小尺寸,从而赋予其在垂直于大尺寸的方向上具有较大弯曲柔韧性。因此,定位在此传送管中的光纤带,将优先沿其大尺寸而不是其小尺寸弯曲。此传送管最好还具有比相对的两个侧壁部分厚一些的两个相对的端壁部分,以赋予其所需要的不同柔韧性。
如本领域技术熟练人员很容易理解的那样,此传送管最好具有予定的内侧大尺寸,以接纳按并排排列的许多予定光纤构成的光纤带在其中。此传送管的内侧小尺寸,最好也选择为能同任何范围的市场上可买得到的松弛的光纤缓冲管摩擦衔接。因此,该传送管既用于光纤带又用于松弛缓冲管光缆。
此连接罩最好还包括装配架,以便枢轴地安装连接底盘。连接底盘的铰链包括有制动器,以将相应的连接底盘固定在两种抬起位置中的任一种位置上,从而为垫在底下的连接底盘进出提供方便。或需要让单个连接底盘进出,以定位或者改造有毛病的接头。
该连接罩还包括光缆终端机构,以便将一或更多根光缆固定在此连接罩的外壳内。此外,该光缆终端机构最好还包括导向机构,以便将来自一或更多根光缆的光纤沿着予定的弯曲半径导向至传送管。此导向机构或是接纳光纤带,或是接纳单根的光纤。
此导向机构最好还包括与安装连接底盘的装配架相连的基板。具有予定弯曲半径的拱形壁,由此基板向外伸出。通过自导向机构的基板向外伸出的一系列彼此隔开一定距离的壁,为导向机构提供了传送管接收机构,从而限定了一系列用于固定传送管的狭槽。
本发明的另一方面,在于定位在连接罩外壳中的具有增大的储存能力的松弛光纤储存底盘。传统的松弛储存底盘一般为矩形,因而当定位在圆柱形外壳中时具有有限地高度。根据本发明的松弛储存盘,包括一个由通常为矩形的基板限定的部分,以及一对由此基板以予定的钝角向外伸展且通常沿着圆柱形外壳的相邻弯曲部分安置的相对的侧壁。因此可以获得松弛储存空间的额外体积。这种附加的松弛储存能力对于快速(exepress)或者分接连接点是特别重要的,因为那里的许多光纤并不连接,而是简单地通过连接罩,且必须松弛地进行储存。
一或更多个纤维光学连接托架被安装在定位于此连接罩中的每个连接底盘上。本发明还有另外一个性能就是,连接托架上可以接纳一定范围的具有不同外部尺寸的各个厂家的接头。根据本发明的连接托架,包括一块基板以及由此基板向外伸出的彼此隔有一定距离的柔韧的一系列侧壁,并在相邻的侧壁对之间限定了一系列通道。此外,每一个侧壁都带有贯穿其实体部分伸展的空心腔,并由柔韧的材料制成,从而很容易将不同规格的接头接纳在相应的通道之中。此连接托架的基板和侧壁,最好由整体模压的橡胶制成。
此连接托架的实施例,最好包括一对彼此隔开一定距离定位的插接件,其中每个插接件又包括一块基板和一系列直立的壁。此插接件最好这样定位,即使其直立壁穿过刚性壳体的相应开口延伸,且壳体又盖在插接件基板上并为其提供支承。此刚性壳体最好还带有侧壁,以对外围的柔性侧壁提供支承并防止其向外弯曲。
本发明的另一个特征在于安装连接底盘的装配架通常为U-形。因此,光缆可以很容易地通过U-形开口和连接罩的相对两侧进行定位。在许多有代表性的现有技术的连接罩中,装配架带有中央开口,因而需要很仔细地让光缆的实际长度穿过此中央开口。本发明的U-形装配架则克服了现有技术中连接罩的这种不足。
本发明还有另外一个特性,即连接底盘在其两个相对的侧壁的内部至少包括一对彼此隔有一定间隔的隆起部。这种隆起部允许将带钩的探针插在其间,从而为将予定的光纤或一组光纤与相邻的松弛光纤分开提供方便。
根据本发明的方法方面,包括如上所述让通常为柔性的传送管对光纤带定位。传送管具有纵轴和予定的截面形状,以便赋于其在横过此纵轴的第一和第二个方向之间具有不同的柔韧性。此第一方向对应于通常为垂直于光纤带的大尺寸的方向,而且所具有的柔性实际上比其第二方向(即对应于通常为垂直于光纤带的小尺寸的方向)上要大。
图1为根据本发明的连接罩的切开了的透视图;
图2为根据本发明的连接罩的平面图,其外壳和端盖已被取掉以表示一系列堆叠起来的连接底盘;
图3为根据本发明的连接罩的侧面正视图,其外壳已被取掉以表示一系列堆叠起来的连接底盘和松弛储存底盘;
图4为在本发明的连接罩中的松弛储存底盘和光纤导槽的平面图;
图5为图4中沿5-5线所取该松弛储存底盘的截面图;
图6为图4中沿6-6线所取光纤导槽的放大截面图,并且表示固定在此光学一部分上面的光纤导槽传送管;
图7为根据本发明的纤维光学传送管一部分实施例的放大截面图;
图8为根据本发明的连接托架透视图;
图9为图8所示连接托架展开的透视图;
图10为图8所示连接托架拐角部分的底视图;
图11为图8中沿11-11线所取连接托架的截面图;
图12为图8中沿12-12线所取连接托架的截面图;
图13为根据本发明的一部分装配架及枢轴固定其上的连接底盘透视图;
图14为沿图13中14-14线所取放大的截面图,表示连接底盘处在其堆叠位置;
图15及16为类似图14的截面图,表示连接底盘分别处在其第一及第二种抬起位置;
图17为沿图13中17-17线截取的放大截面图,表示传送管对连接底盘的连接;
图18为根据本发明的装配架的铰链部分和连接底盘的侧面正视图,表示连接底盘转动到完全抬起的位置,以为取下连接底盘提供方便;
图19a为根据本发明的传送管和光纤松弛缓冲管之间为摩擦配合连接的透视图;
图19b为沿图19a-19b线截取的截面图;
图20a为根据本发明的传送管的局部透视图,其中装的是光纤带;
图20b为沿图20a中20a-20b线截取的截面图。
现在下文中将参照附图对本发明作更充分地描述,图中表示了本发明的最佳实施例。然而本发明还可按许多不同方式进行实施,并且不应认为受在此提出的实施例局限。恰恰相反,申请人提供这些实施例是使此公开更加充分、完整、并向本领域的技术熟练人员完全通报本发明的范围。相同的编号始终是指相同的元件。
根据本发明的纤维光学连接罩,在附图中概括编号为30。所表示的连接罩30的实施例是为对接连接用的,然而如本领域的技术熟练人员很容易就能理解的那样,本发明的特征还可以同样有益地应用于并行连接。
现在参见图1-3,对根据本发明的连接罩30的若干零件总的倾向性进行描述。此连接罩30包括有总体为圆柱形的外壳31,其上固定有端盖32。一或多根纤维光缆33经过端盖32上适当的开口进入外壳31。光缆33在连接罩30中的固定,是靠光缆终端机构,例如包括下述使用传统性的耐张防护线夹。
一系列连接底盘35按枢轴形式与装配架37的一端相连,随后装配架37与端盖32的内侧表面相连。每一个连接底盘35上最好包括一系列连接托架36,如下面更充分描述的那样。单个的连接底盘35均可在其堆叠位置和抬起位置之间运动,以便于其下方的连接底盘35自由进出(图3),如在下面更充分描述的那样。
来自光缆33的光纤,由柔韧的传送管40支承传送给相应的连接底盘35。此传送管40必须是足够柔软的,以允许连接底盘35能在堆叠位置和抬起位置之间运动;还必须具有足够刚性,以防止光纤更锐利地弯曲而超过其所需要的最小弯曲半径。
根据本发明的传送管40,包括赋于该管在横过其纵轴的第一和第二个方向之间具有不同柔韧性的手段。这种赋以不同柔块性的手段,最好为采用予定截面形状的管。如在下面详细描述的那样,通常为椭圆形形状,能够提供不同的柔韧性。因此,当本发明的运送管40被用来承载一或多根光纤带时,此光纤带能够避免横过其较小尺寸方向上的弯曲,而代之以优先在横过其较大尺寸方向上的弯曲。
如平面视图图2中很好表示的那样,发明的另一个特征在于配备有从每个连接底盘35的相对两侧壁35b外伸的许多对中间留有空间的隆起部39。如图所示实施例中表示的那样,连接底盘35包括通常为矩形的基板35a及由此基板向外伸出的一对相反的侧壁35b。位于侧壁35b上的隆起部39,允许技术人员将带钩的探针插入其间衔住予定的光纤并从相邻的松弛光纤50中将其分出。
现在参见图3-6,本发明的若干特性将能更好地理解。装配架37通常为U-形,其第一条腿固定在端盖32的内表面上。通常为U-形的装配架37提供有U-形或者有槽的开口38,以让光缆能够经过此开口迂回到连接罩30的相对两侧。换而言之,根据本发明的U-形装配架37,甚至允许相当长的松弛光缆迂回到连接罩的相对两侧。因此,U-形的装配架37克服了已有技术的缺陷,已有技术中的装配架有中心开口,而且相当长度的光缆通过该中央开口时需仔细穿过。
连接罩30还包括一个松弛的储存底盘45,其一端与U-形装配架37相连并定位在一系列连接底盘35的下方。此松弛的储存底盘45包括一个通常为矩形的基板46以及一对由此基板以钝角向外伸展的相对的侧壁47(图5)。于是成一定角度的侧壁47沿着连接罩外壳31的对应弯曲部分安置,而且提供了对在此储存底盘45中储存松弛的光缆50的增大的储存能力。此储存底盘45的上部侧壁部分48以与基板46成直角向上伸展类似于传统的松弛储存底盘。此储存底盘45还包括三个在与基板46平行的平面内向内伸展的翼片49,从而为松弛光缆50在其储存底盘45中的定位提供方便。如图4及5中表示的那样,可以利用线匝51将松弛光缆50固定在其储存底盘45中。
本发明的光缆终端机构,还包括定位在松弛光纤储存底盘45中的导向机构55,纤维光缆33便固定其上(图4)。此导向机构55可以接纳光纤带、单根的光纤或者由光纤带中取出的单根光纤。
导向机构55包括基板56以及由其向上伸出并具有予定弯曲半径的拱形壁57,以为予定的光纤或光纤带之一导向至相应的传送管40,如所示实施例中那样。此导向机构55还包括通常平行于基板56向外伸展的第一个翼片60,以及一对与拱形壁57间留有一定间隔并靠基板56的相应伸出部分隔成一定间隔承载的向上伸展的翼片61(图4)。
此导向机构55还包括传送管夹持机构65,该夹持机构65又包括一系列由导向机构55的基板56向上伸出且彼此间留有一定距离的间隔层66。此留有一定间距的间隔层66最好能具有弯弯曲曲的形状,以便确定一系列的凹槽并沿此凹槽而将相应的传送管40夹持在放大视图6表示的最佳状态。此传送管夹持机构65还包括直接位于一系列弯弯曲曲的彼此隔开的间隔层66之前的扇形扩大区67,以使于将光纤带50馈送给相应的传送管40。
本发明的重要特征在于,此纤维光学传送管40具有不同的柔韧性,从而很容易保护承载在此传送管中的光纤带50避免沿其较小尺寸的法向发生弯折。因为这样的弯折很可能造成此光纤带折损和光纤的高应力。如在放大视图7中表示的那样,作为传送管40的最佳截面形状通常为椭圆形或跑道形。本领域的技术熟练人员很容易理解,其它截面形状也可以用来赋予传送管40以下不同的柔韧性。
此传送管40最好带有两相对的端壁部分40a,其所具有的予定厚度大于其两相对的侧壁部分40b的厚度。对于聚乙烯制做的传送管40来说,其端壁部分40a的壁厚通常为0.94mm,且其侧壁部分40b的壁厚通常为0.81mm。这种壁厚方面的差异是以赋予该传送管40以不同的柔性,并且是以让此传送管使用传统性环形切割工具便可容易地切割,如本领域技术人员所了解的那样。传送管40内侧主截面的规格,最好选择为如图20a及20b所示能将典型的光纤带接纳在其内侧主要规格以内。
传送管40的内侧较小尺寸,最好选择为与其中带有单根光纤53的普通松弛的缓冲管52摩擦接合。传统的光纤缓冲管52,现有的外部尺寸为2.41mm,2.62mm和3.05mm,全部能很容易地被具有内部较小尺寸略小于2.41mm的传送管40所接纳。这种较小尺寸还能容纳一或多根光纤带50,以限制该光纤带的非故意转动。于是该光纤带以其较大尺寸与传送管的内部较大尺寸正确对准的方式,被保持在该传送管40中。因此,本发明的传送管40,可以成功地应用于带型光缆或者松弛的管式光缆,如本领域的技术人员容易理解的那样。
现在参见图8-12,现在将对本发明的连接托架36的性能和优点进行解释。如本领域技术人员容易理解的那样,传统性的连接托架通常是将若干个接头并排固定。连接托架必须能将这些接头紧固地固定,并防止其受到机械冲击或振动造成的损害。根据本发明的连接托架36,能够容纳具有不同外部尺寸和各种厂商的接头70。此外,本连接托架36还能保护此接头70避免受到冲击和振动。
连接托架36包括通常为刚性的壳体71,在其基板部分72上面开有许多予定形状的开口73。此壳体71还包括一对彼此隔开一定距离的相对侧壁74。一对柔软的插接件77在壳体71中定位,以使由此插接件77基板80向上伸出的彼此留有一定间隔的一系列隔壁78,能够通过壳体71基板部分72上面的相应开口73。所示实施例中的插接件77的隔壁78、78a和基板80,是由柔韧的橡胶材料整体模压的。因此,通常为刚性的壳体71用来支撑及将此柔韧的插接件77稳定在连接底盘35上面。
插接件77柔韧的隔壁78和78a,限定了一系列通道79,以将相应的光纤接头70接纳其中。如图所示实施例中表示的那样,在基板80外围相对两侧处插接件77的最外层隔壁78a,是一种厚度约为内部隔壁78之半的实心壁。当接头被定位在邻近此最外层的隔壁78a的通道79中时,壳体71的侧壁74被用来防止此最外层隔壁78a向外弯曲至不需要的量。
根据本发明的柔韧的插接件77,最好由可以模压的橡胶(即非交联的、非硫化橡胶,如本领域技术人员很容易了解的那样)注塑加工。采用可以注模的橡胶,以便使此插接件77容易注模并在此后从模中取出,尽管在此柔韧隔壁78和78a的顶部有向外突出的突台82。此突台82进一步用来将不同规格的接头70固定在相应的通道79中。
如底视图10和截面图11及12很好表示的那样,插接件77的每一个柔韧的隔壁78都包括一个空心腔84,经过其实体部分由基板80向隔壁78顶部附近垂直伸展。空心腔84能够允许有较宽尺寸范围的接头70在通道79中定位,而且还能为接头提供增强的缓冲及对冲击的吸收,尤其是同具有弹性材料的实心壁相比。
根据本发明的连接罩30的另一方面在于提供铰链机构,包括有制动机构以便将连接底盘35之一单独地可松脱地锁定在图13-18中所示两种抬起位置之一。因此,下面的连接底盘35能够自由进出。在如Raychem Fosc100型的已有技术的连接罩中,连接底盘的自由回转,可以通过一个插在底盘回转点附近的压板将其支撑在抬起位置上。本发明则免除对这种隔离压板的需要。
在连接底盘35的一端通过铰链销装配架91连接有铰链销90。连接底盘装配架37包括有一系列切槽的开口93,以接纳此铰链销l90。更确切地说,连接底盘装配架37包括一系列加工成凸轮形的表面95,其所包括的予定的制动部分95a、95b及95c与此连接底盘的制动闩96一起,用来可松脱地分别将此连接底盘35锁定在堆叠位置(图14)、第一种抬起位置(图15)和第二种抬起位置(图16)。制动闩96按照与铰链销90隔开一定距离的关系固定在铰链销装配架91上。
铰链机构的另一个特征在于,通过让连接底盘在完全铅垂位置(图18)上对准而让铰链销90的两个相反的平表面与切槽的开口93对正以容许抽出底盘,便可将此连接底盘35由其装配架37上取下。
图17表示将传送管40的一端固定在连接底盘35上。在底盘的侧壁35b和基板35a之间的拐角处提供有整体模压在一起的楔块100,并用连接线匝101固定到位。因此,传送管40约以45°的角与此拐角对准,以使线匝101与此传送管衔接,从而将此线匝的压力作用在传送管的较短而且略厚的端壁40a上,而不是作用在其较长而且略薄的侧壁40b上。
用图13-17所示连接底盘35的转动再一次强调,重要的是使传送管40能够在任何一次这种运动中保护光纤。如上所述,根据本发明的传送管40,特别适合于保护光纤带,但还可同样被用于松弛缓冲的光纤。
如本领域技术人员容易理解的那样,鉴于上面关于传送管的以上描述,根据本发明的方法方面在于保护光纤带在连接罩中抵抗不必要的弯曲。该方法所包括的步骤,是将光纤带在上述通常为具有不同柔性的柔韧的传送管范围内定位。此传送管的每一端最好还要固定,其一端固定在连接底盘上,相反一端固定在光缆的终端机构上面。
本发明的许多变换及其它实施例,将成为本领域技术人员得益于以上描述及相关附图中提供的教导的想法。因此,应当理解,本发明并不局限于所公开的特定实施例,而且这些变换和实施例被确定为包括在所附权利要求的保护范围之内。
Claims (22)
1、一种纤维光学连接罩,包括:
一个外壳;
与上述外壳相连以将一或更多根纤维光缆固定其上的光缆终端机构;
一个与上述外壳相连接的装配架;以及
许多定位在上述外壳中的连接底盘,其中每个底盘都有一个枢轴地连接在上述装配架上的端部,而且能够在堆叠位置和抬起位置之间转动,从而为底层连接底盘的进出提供方便,其特征在于,
许多通常为柔性的传送管,从上述光缆终端机构伸向上述连接底盘,以将光纤从一或多根光缆运送给相应的连接底盘;上述传送管中的每一个都有一个纵轴,并且包括可赋予其在横过该纵轴的第一及第二个方向之间以不同柔性的手段。
2、根据权利要求1的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述的赋予上述每根传送管以不同柔性的手段,包括使其具有预定的截面形状。
3、根据权利要求1的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述赋予上述每根传送管以不同柔性的手段,包括使其通常具有椭圆形截面形状,其中所述的椭圆截面形状具有预定的较大尺寸和预定的较小尺寸,从而赋予其在通常为垂直每根传送管较大尺寸的方向上对弯曲具有更大的柔性。
4、根据权利要求4的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述每根传送管所具有的椭圆截面形状,带有相对的两个端壁部分和相对的两个侧壁部分,而且所述相对端壁部分所具有的预定厚度,比所述相对侧壁部分的预定厚度大。
5、根据权利要求3的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述每根传送管的椭圆形截面形状,具有一个预定的内部较大尺寸以将光纤带接纳其中,该光纤带则包括并排排列的预定数的光纤。
6、根据权利要求5的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述每根传送管的椭圆形截面形状,具有一个预定的内部较小尺寸以与其中的光纤松弛缓冲管摩擦衔接,该缓冲管具有的外部尺寸处在预定范围内。
7、根据权利要求1的纤维光学连接罩,进一步包括有铰链机构,它枢轴地将上述每个连接底盘与上述装配架相连,其中所述的铰链机构包括制动机构,可松脱地将相应的连接底盘锁定在抬起位置。
8、根据权利要求1的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述的光缆终端机构,包括导向机构,以将光纤从一或多根光缆中沿着预定的弯曲半径导向给上述传送管。
9、根据权利要求8的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述的导向机构,包括与上述装配架相连的基板以及具有预定弯曲半径并由此基板向外伸出的拱形壁。
10、根据权利要求8的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述的导向机构包括传送管接收机构,它包括一系列由上述基板向外伸出且彼此留有一定间隔的壁,从而限定了一系列狭槽而将上述传送管接纳其中。
11、根据权利要求1的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述的外壳通常为圆柱形。
12、根据权利要求11的纤维光学连接罩,进一步包括定位在上述圆柱形外表中的松弛储存底盘,其中所述松弛储存底盘,包括通常为矩形的基板以及以预定的钝角由该基板向外伸出的一对相对的侧壁,它通常沿着该圆柱形外壳的相邻弯曲部分安置,从而为上述松弛储存底盘提供增强了的松弛储存能力。
13、根据权利要求1的纤维光学连接罩,进一步包括定位在上述每个连接底盘上的至少一个连接托架,以将许多根光纤接头并排固定其上。
14、根据权利要求13的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述的至少一个连接托架,包括:
一块基板,以及
一系列由上述基板向外伸出的彼此留有一定间隔的柔性壁,并在相邻的上述柔性壁之间限定了一系列通道;上述每个柔性壁带有通过其实体部分伸展的空心腔,并由柔性材料制成,从而很容易将不同规格的接头接纳在相应的通道中。
15、根据权利要求14的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述至少一个连接托架的上述基板和上述柔性壁,是由整体模压橡胶加工成的。
16、根据权利要求15的纤维光学连接罩,进一步包括一个覆盖在上述至少一个连接托架的上述基板上面的刚性壳体,此壳体上带有预定图形的与上述一系列彼此分开一定距离的柔性壁对应的开口,上述柔性壁则穿过此开口伸展。
17、根据权利要求1的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述的外壳包括一个端盖,其中所述的装配架通常为U一型,所述一U型架的一条腿固定在上述端盖上,从而使一或更多根光缆能够穿过上述U一形架的开口放线到上述外壳的相反一侧。
18、根据权利要求1的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述每个连接底盘,包括通常为矩形的基板以及由此基板向外伸出的一对相反的侧壁,以夹持与邻近的松弛光纤部分;并且在上述底盘的两相反侧壁的每一个的内部,进一步包括至少一对彼此隔开一定距离的隆起部,以让带钩的探针插入其间,从而为将预定的光纤或光纤组与相邻的松弛光纤隔开提供方便。
19、根据权利要求3的纤维光学连接罩,其中所述每个连接底盘,包括通常为矩形的基板以及一对由此基板向外伸出的相对的侧壁,以夹持与其邻近的松弛光纤部分;并且进一步包括定位在由上述侧壁之一和上述基板构成的拐角处的楔块,以便挡住上述椭圆形传送管之一的上述侧壁部分。
20、一种用于保护由光缆端部伸向连接底盘的光纤带的方法,在于抵抗其在通常垂直该带较小尺寸方向上不需要的弯曲,而允许此光纤带在通常垂直其较大尺寸的方向上弯曲,该方法所包括的步骤为:
将光纤带定位在通常为柔性的传送管中,该传送管带有纵轴并具有预定截面形状,以赋予其通常为垂直于该光纤带较大尺寸的方向上比通常为垂直其较小尺寸的方向上具有更大的柔性。
21、根据权利要求20的方法,进一步包括的步骤为,将邻近纤维光缆一端的传送管的一端固定,并将邻近连接底盘的传送管的第二端固定。
22、根据权利要求20的方法,其中所述的传送管的预定截面形状,通常为其有较大及较小尺寸的椭圆形,从而赋予其在垂直于较大尺寸的方向上具有对弯曲的更大柔性。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US981,590 | 1992-11-25 | ||
US07/981,590 US5323480A (en) | 1992-11-25 | 1992-11-25 | Fiber optic splice closure |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1089362A CN1089362A (zh) | 1994-07-13 |
CN1040581C true CN1040581C (zh) | 1998-11-04 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN93121443A Expired - Fee Related CN1040581C (zh) | 1992-11-25 | 1993-11-25 | 纤维光学连接罩 |
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US (2) | US5323480A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0671021B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH08503790A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR950704708A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1040581C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE213340T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU683862B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9307525A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2150007C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69331584T2 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK0671021T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2170091T3 (zh) |
NZ (1) | NZ258734A (zh) |
TW (3) | TW328381U (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1994012904A2 (zh) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DK0671021T3 (da) | 2002-03-18 |
WO1994012904A3 (en) | 1994-08-04 |
TW328381U (en) | 1998-03-11 |
CA2150007C (en) | 2004-05-11 |
BR9307525A (pt) | 1999-08-31 |
NZ258734A (en) | 1997-06-24 |
EP0671021B1 (en) | 2002-02-13 |
TW287240B (zh) | 1996-10-01 |
CN1089362A (zh) | 1994-07-13 |
AU683862B2 (en) | 1997-11-27 |
DE69331584T2 (de) | 2002-10-31 |
AU5673694A (en) | 1994-06-22 |
ATE213340T1 (de) | 2002-02-15 |
CA2150007A1 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
TW301409U (en) | 1997-03-21 |
KR950704708A (ko) | 1995-11-20 |
DE69331584D1 (de) | 2002-03-21 |
JPH08503790A (ja) | 1996-04-23 |
US5515472A (en) | 1996-05-07 |
EP0671021A1 (en) | 1995-09-13 |
ES2170091T3 (es) | 2002-08-01 |
WO1994012904A2 (en) | 1994-06-09 |
US5323480A (en) | 1994-06-21 |
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