CN104054617A - Aquiculture device beneficial to protection of sea ecological environment - Google Patents
Aquiculture device beneficial to protection of sea ecological environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN104054617A CN104054617A CN201410150303.1A CN201410150303A CN104054617A CN 104054617 A CN104054617 A CN 104054617A CN 201410150303 A CN201410150303 A CN 201410150303A CN 104054617 A CN104054617 A CN 104054617A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses an aquiculture device beneficial to protection of the sea ecological environment, and aims to provide an aquiculture device which is beneficial to food intake of large yellow croaker, can reduce fish feed waste, and can effectively solve the problem that unused fish feed falls to the sea floor to influence the water quality of cultivation and damage the ecological environment of the sea. The aquiculture device comprises a large yellow croaker net cage and large yellow croaker waterborne feeding equipment, wherein the yellow croaker waterborne feeding equipment comprises a support frame, a vertical guide bar arranged on the support frame and a floating feeding device; a limiting stopping block and a slidable vertical guide sleeve are arranged on the vertical guide bar; the floating feeding device comprises a floating feeding cabin, a feed adjusting spacer sleeve fixed onto the support frame, a feed extrusion device and a synchronous cutting device; the floating feeding cabin comprises a floating feeding hopper fixed onto the guide sleeve through a first connecting rod and a vertical blanking pipe arranged below the floating feeding hopper; the feeding adjusting spacer sleeve is arranged right below the vertical blanking pipe.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of aquaculture device, be specifically related to a kind of aquaculture device that contributes to protect the marine eco-environment of propagating large yellow Crocker artificially.
Background technology
Large yellow Crocker is predacious fish, higher to protein requirement; Large yellow Crocker for example generally be take fish, shrimp, as main (, freezing mackerel pompano) at the feed of forming stage, is aided with powdery compound feed, after processing, throws something and feeds.Large yellow Crocker bait processing mode has following two kinds conventionally: the one, with cutter or meat block slicing machine, fish (mackerel pompano) is cut into agreeable to the taste flesh of fish piece, and then drop in net cage; The method is easy to process, is difficult for defeated and dispersedly in water, and shortcoming is to be not easy to add additive, and nutrition is more single.The 2nd, fish, shrimp are twisted into meat gruel, and admix powdery compound feed, then with hand or other instruments, be squeezed into the block varying in size, drop in net cage; The method can be sneaked into part powdery compound feed, or the feed such as other shellfish meat, is also convenient to add vitamin etc., comprehensive nutrition.
Large yellow Crocker bait processing at present adopts the above-mentioned second way conventionally, and soon fish, shrimp are twisted into meat gruel, and admix powdery compound feed; Then employing instrument is squeezed into the block varying in size, and drops in net cage; Particularity due to large yellow Crocker bait (meat gruel), the current feeding equipment of some mash feeds that are applicable to feed intake be not suitable for and throw in large yellow Crocker bait, thereby current large yellow Crocker bait delivery tool is comparatively simple and crude, normally adopt the string bag, the fishes and shrimps bait that is about to be twisted into meat gruel is invested in a string bag, and the string bag is suspended on to fish culture net cage top, bait forms bait group one by one after by network interface under Gravitative Loads, edible for large yellow Crocker.Although the current this employing string bag is simple in structure as the delivery tool of large yellow Crocker bait, cost is low; But have the following disadvantages while adopting the string bag to throw in large yellow Crocker bait: while throwing in large yellow Crocker bait due to the employing string bag, to utilize the deadweight of large yellow Crocker bait (meat gruel) to push, large yellow Crocker bait is extruded and formed bait group one by one by network interface, edible for large yellow Crocker; This makes at the beginning of throwing in, because the weight of large yellow Crocker bait integral body in the string bag is large, also large to the extruding of large yellow Crocker bait, and bait extruded velocity is now fast, extrusion capacity is large; And along with constantly the extruding of bait, in the string bag, large yellow Crocker bait reduces gradually, weight declines, and the extruding force of large yellow Crocker bait is also reduced thereupon, and bait extruded velocity, extrusion capacity also reduce accordingly gradually; Adopting the string bag to throw in the process of large yellow Crocker bait, is bait extruded velocity process first quick and back slow; And at the beginning of bait is thrown in, the large yellow Crocker quantity that assemble string bag below is relatively less, along with gathering string bag below gradually, the input large yellow Crocker of bait takes food, in throwing in the process of large yellow Crocker bait, the large yellow Crocker quantity that assemble string bag below is a process increasing gradually, and this is exactly completely contrary with the change procedure of string bag input large yellow Crocker bait; Thereby while adopting the string bag to throw in large yellow Crocker bait, at the beginning of bait is thrown in, because bait extruded velocity is fast, extrusion capacity is large, and the large yellow Crocker negligible amounts that assemble string bag below, cause bait more than needed sink, through net cage, cause the waste of bait, and after not edible bait deposits to seabed, substrate pollution, body eutrophication are increased the weight of, affect cultivate water, destroy the marine eco-environment; And along with the input large yellow Crocker of bait gathers behind string bag below gradually, the bait speed of throwing in reduces again gradually, cause bait under-supply, affect large yellow Crocker feed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to take food not only bad for large yellow Crocker in order to overcome available technology adopting string bag input large yellow Crocker bait, and can cause bait waste, and after not edible bait deposits to seabed, make substrate pollution, body eutrophication increases the weight of, affect cultivate water, destroy the problem of the marine eco-environment, a kind of large yellow Crocker feed that is not only conducive to is provided, and can reduce bait waste, cost-saving, and after effectively the not edible bait of solution deposits to seabed, affect cultivate water, destroy the aquaculture device that contributes to protect the marine eco-environment of the problem of the marine eco-environment.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of aquaculture device that contributes to protect the marine eco-environment, comprise feeding apparatus on large yellow Crocker fish culture net cage and large yellow Crocker water, on described large yellow Crocker water, feeding apparatus comprises bracing frame, be arranged on vertical guide rod and unsteady drawing-in device on bracing frame, described vertical guide rod is provided with positive stop and vertical guide pin bushing slidably, and positive stop is positioned at vertical guide pin bushing top, states on vertical guide rod, be positioned at vertical guide pin bushing below is provided with and can makes vertical guide pin bushing up move and be resisted against the pre-stressed compression spring on positive stop, described unsteady drawing-in device comprises unsteady feeding bin, and the feeding being fixed on bracing frame regulates spacer, bait extruding device and turned off in synchronization device, described unsteady feeding bin comprises the vertical tremie pipe that is fixed on the unsteady feeding hopper of the upper end open on vertical guide pin bushing and is arranged on unsteady feeding hopper below and communicates with unsteady feeding hopper by head rod, described feeding regulates the upper and lower both ends open of spacer, and feeding regulate spacer be positioned at vertical tremie pipe under, described vertical tremie pipe and unsteady feeding hopper are connected as a single entity, the vertically sealing of tremie pipe, vertically the side of tremie pipe is provided with some feeding through holes that up distributed by vertical tremie pipe lower end, and vertically tremie pipe can move down and stretch in feeding adjusting spacer along vertical guide rod, described bait extruding device comprises and being arranged in vertical tremie pipe, and can be with the vertical augering screw of vertical tremie pipe oscilaltion, vertically the rotating shaft of augering screw bottom is arranged on vertical tremie pipe bottom surface by clutch shaft bearing is rotating, and the lower vertical axles that is provided with past downward-extension that vertically augering screw lower end is coaxial, vertically the top of augering screw up extends in the feeding hopper that floats, and vertically the upper end of augering screw is coaxial is provided with the upper vertical axles of up extending, in described upper vertical axles, near floating, feeding hopper upper end is provided with the second bearing, and this second bearing is connected with unsteady feeding hopper by connecting rod, on support frame as described above, be positioned at the feeding hopper top of floating and be also provided with the electrodeless variable ratio drive unit for driving upper vertical axles to rotate, this electrodeless variable ratio drive unit comprises drive motors, pre-tightening force adjusting device and the connection output rotor of drive motors and the variable ratio friction pulley transmission mechanism of upper vertical axles, described pre-tightening force adjusting device comprises adjusting bolt, vertical gripper shoe, vertical adjustable plate, vertically installing plate and be arranged on the first horizontal guide on vertical installing plate, vertically gripper shoe is fixed on bracing frame, vertical gripper shoe, and vertically adjustable plate and vertical installing plate are parallel to each other, and vertical adjustable plate is vertically between gripper shoe and vertical installing plate, the first horizontal guide is radially extended along upper vertical axles, and the first horizontal guide is with vertically installing plate is perpendicular, vertical gripper shoe and be vertically respectively equipped with the horizontally-guided hole with the first horizontal guide adaptation on adjustable plate, the first horizontal guide is respectively through vertical gripper shoe and the vertical horizontally-guided hole on adjustable plate, described drive motors is fixed on vertical installing plate, and drive motors is positioned at the relative both sides of vertical installing plate with the first horizontal guide, described variable ratio friction pulley transmission mechanism comprises taper active friction wheel and is fixed on the driven friction pulley of taper in vertical axles, the rotating shaft of described taper active friction wheel vertically arranges, the diameter of taper active friction wheel increases from bottom to top gradually, the rotating shaft of taper active friction wheel is rotatably arranged on vertical installing plate by the 3rd bearing, and taper active friction wheel and drive motors are positioned at vertical installing plate the same side, the output rotor of drive motors is connected with the rotating shaft of taper active friction wheel, the diameter of the driven friction pulley of described taper reduces from bottom to top gradually, in described the first horizontal guide, be provided with and can making taper active friction wheel be resisted against the first preloading spring on the driven friction pulley of taper between vertical adjustable plate and vertical installing plate, described vertical gripper shoe is provided with adjusting screw, described adjusting bolt is arranged in this adjusting screw, adjusting bolt parallels with the first horizontal guide, and adjusting bolt is positioned at the relative both sides of vertical adjustable plate with the first preloading spring, and the end of adjusting bolt is resisted against on vertical adjustable plate, the lower end of described lower vertical axles down extends through feeding and regulates spacer, and is positioned at the below that feeding regulates spacer, described turned off in synchronization device comprises the cut-out bar that is positioned at vertical tremie pipe and feeding adjusting spacer outside and the second connecting rod that connects cut-out bar and lower vertical axles, described the second connecting rod is positioned at feeding and regulates spacer below, the upper end of described cut-out bar is near the upper end of vertical tremie pipe, and the lower end that cuts off bar is positioned at the below of vertical tremie pipe lower end.
The large yellow Crocker fish culture net cage of this programme is erected at cultivation waters, for putting large yellow Crocker in a suitable place to breed.The equipment frame that feeds intake on large yellow Crocker water is established large yellow Crocker fish culture net cage top, for throwing in bait.Speed thrown in by the bait of the feeding apparatus of this programme and injected volume is to accelerate gradually along with the minimizing of the bait in the feeding bin that floats, and at the beginning of feeding, the bait of feeding apparatus of the present invention input speed is slow, injected volume is less; And along with the bait in the feeding bin that floats reduces gradually, bait is thrown in speed and injected volume increases (except when the bait in the feeding bin that certainly floats reduces to a certain degree) gradually; This input large yellow Crocker just meeting along with bait will gather the situation of taking food below the string bag gradually, and the Feeding Velocity that reaches bait throwing in speed and the shoal of fish is consistent, and is conducive to feed, the nursing of large yellow Crocker; And can reduce the bait of rendering in net cage and have more than needed, pass net cage; cause bait waste, cost-saving; and after effectively the not edible bait of solution deposits to seabed; substrate pollution, body eutrophication are increased the weight of; the problem that affects cultivate water, the destruction marine eco-environment, contributes to protect the marine eco-environment.
As preferably, vertically tremie pipe and feeding adjusting spacer cross section are circular, described turned off in synchronization device also comprises the vertical support bar that is positioned at cut-out bar outside, described the second connecting rod connects lower vertical axles and vertical support bar, vertically support bar is provided with, lower two horizontal guide pin bushings that the vertical augering screw in edge radially extends, in two horizontal guide pin bushings, be respectively equipped with the second horizontal guide, described cut-out bar vertically arranges, the bottom that cuts off bar is positioned at feeding and regulates spacer outside, cut off bar and be fixed on two second horizontal guide ends, cut off on bar, towards feeding, regulate the side of spacer to be provided with the ball of some arranged distribution from lower to upper, in two second horizontal guide, have at least and in one second horizontal guide, be arranged with the ball that can make to cut off on bar and be resisted against feeding and regulate the second preloading spring on spacer lateral surface.This programme structure guarantees to cut off bar and can reliably the bait of extruding in feeding through hole be cut off, and forms bait group one by one and eats for large yellow Crocker.
As preferably, in lower vertical axles, be arranged with stop collar, stop collar is positioned at by feeding and regulates the feeding of spacer bottom to regulate spacer, and stop collar regulates spacer to be connected by the 3rd connecting rod and feeding.The stop collar of this programme not only can improve the axial stability of lower vertical axles, can also, as the limited block of vertical tremie pipe, limit the distance that vertical tremie pipe moves down along vertical guide rod.
As preferably, state and on bracing frame, be also provided with horizontal mounting rod, and horizontal mounting rod is positioned at the top of the feeding hopper upper port of floating; Described feeding regulates spacer to be connected with horizontal mounting rod by vertical connecting rod, vertically the bottom of connecting rod is positioned at feeding adjusting spacer, and vertically connecting rod lower end is fixed on the 3rd connecting rod, vertically vertical tremie pipe and unsteady feeding hopper are up passed in the upper end of connecting rod, and are connected with horizontal mounting rod.The vertical connecting rod of this programme structure can be when connecting feeding to regulate spacer and horizontal mounting rod (when being connected feeding adjusting spacer and bracing frame), do not affect and cut off bar around the rotation of feeding adjusting spacer, thereby cut off the bait of extruding in feeding through hole.
As preferably, when vertical guide pin bushing is resisted against on positive stop, the lower end of vertical tremie pipe and the axial length that the spacing between stop collar is less than taper active friction wheel.In the process that this programme structure guarantees to move along vertical guide rod at float drawing-in device and augering screw, the driven friction pulley of taper can match with taper active friction wheel, carries out transmission.
As preferably, the cone angle of described taper active friction wheel is between 5 degree to 15 degree.
As preferably, the bottom of the feeding hopper that floats is tapered.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: be not only conducive to large yellow Crocker feed, and can reduce bait waste, cost-saving, and after effectively the not edible bait of solution deposits to seabed, affect the problem of cultivate water, the destruction marine eco-environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of feeding apparatus on large yellow Crocker water of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a kind of partial enlarged drawing at A place in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is feeding apparatus a kind of structural representation in actual use on large yellow Crocker water of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind ofly contribute to protect the aquaculture device of the marine eco-environment to comprise feeding apparatus on large yellow Crocker fish culture net cage and large yellow Crocker water.On large yellow Crocker water, feeding apparatus comprises bracing frame 1, is arranged on two vertical guide rods 4 and unsteady drawing-in device on bracing frame.On two vertical guide rods, be respectively equipped with positive stop 2 and vertical guide pin bushing 3 slidably, and positive stop is positioned at vertical guide pin bushing top.The lower end of two vertical guide rods is also respectively equipped with support limit stop.On two vertical guide rods, be positioned at vertical guide pin bushing below and be respectively equipped with and can make vertical guide pin bushing up move and be resisted against the pre-stressed compression spring 5 on positive stop.The lower end abutment of pre-stressed compression spring is on support limit stop, and upper end is resisted against on positive stop.
Unsteady drawing-in device comprises unsteady feeding bin, and feeding regulates spacer 15, bait extruding device and turned off in synchronization device.Unsteady feeding bin comprises the vertical tremie pipe 13 that is fixed on the unsteady feeding hopper 10 on two vertical guide pin bushings and is arranged on unsteady feeding hopper below and communicates with unsteady feeding hopper by head rod 11.The upper end open of unsteady feeding hopper 10.The bottom of unsteady feeding hopper is tapered.Vertically tremie pipe and unsteady feeding hopper are connected as a single entity.The vertically sealing of tremie pipe.Vertically the side of tremie pipe is provided with some by vertical tremie pipe lower end equally distributed feeding through hole 14 up.Vertically tremie pipe and feeding adjusting spacer cross section are circular.Vertically the external diameter of tremie pipe is less than or equal to the internal diameter that feeding regulates spacer, and the difference of the internal diameter of feeding adjusting spacer and the external diameter of vertical tremie pipe is between 0-1 millimeter.Feeding regulates spacer to be fixedly installed on bracing frame.Feeding regulates the upper and lower both ends open of spacer, and feeding regulate spacer be positioned at vertical tremie pipe under.Vertically tremie pipe can move down and stretch into feeding along vertical guide rod and regulate in spacer.It is thin wall casing that feeding regulates spacer.It is 1 to 3 millimeter that feeding regulates the wall thickness of spacer.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, bait extruding device comprises and being arranged in vertical tremie pipe, and can be with the vertical tremie pipe vertical augering screw 12 of oscilaltion together.Vertically the rotating shaft of augering screw bottom is arranged on vertical tremie pipe bottom surface by clutch shaft bearing is rotating.The lower vertical axles 17 that is provided with past downward-extension that vertically augering screw lower end is coaxial.The lower end of lower vertical axles down extends through feeding and regulates spacer, and is positioned at the below that feeding regulates spacer.In lower vertical axles, be arranged with stop collar 181.Stop collar is positioned at by feeding and regulates the feeding of spacer bottom to regulate spacer, and stop collar regulates spacer to be connected by the 3rd connecting rod and feeding.
On bracing frame, be also provided with horizontal mounting rod 1a, and horizontal mounting rod is positioned at the top of the feeding hopper upper port of floating.Feeding regulates spacer to be fixedly installed on bracing frame, and specifically, feeding regulates spacer to be connected with horizontal mounting rod by two vertical connecting rods 16.Two vertical connecting rods are positioned at the relative both sides of vertical augering screw, avoid affecting the rotation of vertical augering screw.The bottom of two vertical connecting rods is positioned at feeding and regulates spacer, and vertically connecting rod lower end is fixed on the 3rd connecting rod.Vertical tremie pipe and unsteady feeding hopper are up passed in the upper end of two vertical connecting rods, and are connected with horizontal mounting rod.Vertically tremie pipe bottom surface is provided with the dodge through hole corresponding with vertical connecting rod, and vertically connecting rod is through dodging through hole.
Vertically the top of augering screw up extends in the feeding hopper that floats, and vertically the upper end of augering screw coaxial be provided with the upper vertical axles 8 of up extending.In upper vertical axles, be provided with the second bearing 9 or axle sleeve near the feeding hopper upper end of floating, and this second bearing or axle sleeve are connected with unsteady feeding hopper by connecting rod.On bracing frame, be positioned at the feeding hopper top of floating and be also provided with the electrodeless variable ratio drive unit for driving upper vertical axles to rotate.This electrodeless variable ratio drive unit comprises drive motors 33, pre-tightening force adjusting device and the connection output rotor of drive motors and the variable ratio friction pulley transmission mechanism of upper vertical axles.Pre-tightening force adjusting device comprises adjusting bolt 26, vertical gripper shoe 25, vertical adjustable plate 28, vertically installing plate 30 and be arranged on the first horizontal guide 27 on vertical installing plate.Vertically gripper shoe is fixed on bracing frame, and specifically, vertically gripper shoe is fixed on horizontal mounting rod.Vertical gripper shoe, vertically adjustable plate and vertical installing plate are parallel to each other, and vertical adjustable plate is vertically between gripper shoe and vertical installing plate.The first horizontal guide is radially extended along upper vertical axles, and the first horizontal guide is with vertically installing plate is perpendicular.Vertical gripper shoe and be vertically respectively equipped with the horizontally-guided hole with the first horizontal guide adaptation on adjustable plate, and vertically in the horizontally-guided hole in gripper shoe and also level be provided with fairlead 271.The first horizontal guide is successively through the fairlead in the horizontally-guided hole on vertical adjustable plate and vertical gripper shoe.In the first horizontal guide, be provided with the first preloading spring 29 between vertical adjustable plate and vertical installing plate.Vertically gripper shoe is provided with adjusting screw.Adjusting bolt is arranged in this adjusting screw, and adjusting bolt parallels with the first horizontal guide.Adjusting bolt is positioned at the relative both sides of vertical adjustable plate with the first preloading spring, and the end of adjusting bolt is resisted against on vertical adjustable plate.Drive motors is fixed on vertical installing plate, and drive motors is positioned at the relative both sides of vertical installing plate with the first horizontal guide.
Variable ratio friction pulley transmission mechanism comprises taper active friction wheel 7 and is fixed on the driven friction pulley 6 of taper in vertical axles.The rotating shaft of taper active friction wheel vertically arranges.The diameter of taper active friction wheel increases from bottom to top gradually.The cone angle of taper active friction wheel is between 5 degree to 15 degree.The cone angle of the driven friction pulley of taper is identical with the cone angle of taper active friction wheel.The rotating shaft of taper active friction wheel is rotatably arranged on vertical installing plate 30 by the 3rd bearing 32, and specifically, the rotating shaft of taper active friction wheel is provided with the 3rd bearing, and the 3rd bearing is connected with vertical installing plate by the 4th connecting rod 31.Taper active friction wheel and drive motors are positioned at vertical installing plate the same side, and the output rotor of drive motors is connected with the rotating shaft of taper active friction wheel.The driven friction pulley of taper is positioned at horizontal mounting rod top.The diameter of the driven friction pulley of taper reduces from bottom to top gradually.The first preloading spring, for variable ratio friction pulley transmission mechanism provides pretension normal pressure, is resisted against on the driven friction pulley of taper taper active friction wheel.When vertical guide pin bushing is resisted against on positive stop, the lower end of vertical tremie pipe and the axial length that the spacing between stop collar is less than taper active friction wheel.The axial length of the driven friction pulley of taper is less than the axial length of taper active friction wheel.
Turned off in synchronization device comprises the cut-out bar 24 that is positioned at vertical tremie pipe and feeding adjusting spacer outside, is positioned at and cuts off the vertical support bar 20 in bar outside and the second connecting rod 19 of vertical connecting support bar and lower vertical axles.The second connecting rod is positioned at feeding adjusting spacer below, and the second connecting rod connects lower vertical axles and vertical support bar.Vertically support bar is provided with upper and lower two horizontal guide pin bushings 21 that the vertical augering screw in edge radially extends.In two horizontal guide pin bushings, be respectively equipped with the second horizontal guide 22.Cutting off bar vertically arranges.Cut off the upper end of bar near the upper end of vertical tremie pipe.The lower end that cuts off bar is positioned at the below of vertical tremie pipe lower end, and the bottom of cut-out bar is positioned at feeding adjusting spacer outside.Cutting off bar is fixed on two second horizontal guide ends.Cut off on bar, towards feeding, regulate the side of spacer to be provided with the ball of some arranged distribution from lower to upper.In the second horizontal guide in two second horizontal guide, on the lower, be arranged with the ball that can make to cut off on bar and be resisted against the second preloading spring 23 on feeding adjusting spacer lateral surface.The second preloading spring is between horizontal guide pin bushing and cut-out bar.
The concrete use procedure of the aquaculture device that contributes to protect the marine eco-environment of the present invention is as follows:
First, large yellow Crocker fish culture net cage is erected to cultivation waters, for cultured large yellow croaker; And by bracing frame 1, the equipment frame that feeds intake on large yellow Crocker water is located to water surface top, and on large yellow Crocker water, feeding apparatus is positioned at the top of large yellow Crocker fish culture net cage, for throwing in bait.
When giving large yellow Crocker feeding, first the fishes and shrimps bait that is twisted into meat gruel is poured in the feeding bin that floats by the upper port of the feeding hopper that floats; In the feeding bin that floats, roughly fill after bait, owing in the feeding bin that floats, a large amount of bait being housed, make the feeding hopper that floats, vertical tremie pipe, bait, vertical augering screw 12, upper vertical axles 8, lower vertical axles 17, the driven friction pulley 6 of turned off in synchronization device and taper will together move down along vertical guide rod; And make vertical tremie pipe 13 stretch into that feeding regulates in spacer 15 until vertically the lower end abutment of tremie pipe on stop collar 181; Now, feeding regulates the feeding through hole 14 on the vertical tremie pipe side in spacer to be regulated spacer to intercept by feeding, and the bait when feeding in vertical tremie pipe cannot be extruded (as shown in Figure 3) in this part feeding through hole.On the other hand, in the process that the driven friction pulley 6 of taper together moves down with upper vertical axles, the first preloading spring, for variable ratio friction pulley transmission mechanism provides pretension normal pressure, is resisted against on the driven friction pulley of taper taper active friction wheel all the time; And when the lower end abutment of vertical tremie pipe is on stop collar 181, the gearratio between the driven friction pulley of taper active friction wheel and taper is maximum, now the rotating speed of the driven friction pulley of taper is minimum.
Then, the drive motors of bait extruding device drives upper vertical axles 8 to rotate by variable ratio friction pulley transmission mechanism, thereby drives vertical augering screw 12 to rotate.Vertically in augering screw rotation process, the bait in the feeding bin that floats is constantly down being advanced, thereby bait is extruded in the feeding through hole on vertical tremie pipe side.Simultaneously, vertically in augering screw rotation process, also will drive vertical support bar 20 and cut off bar 24 and rotate around feeding adjusting spacer 15 by the second connecting rod 19, in this process, cut off bar the bait of extruding in feeding through hole is cut off, form bait group one by one and eat for large yellow Crocker.
As shown in Figure 3, due at the beginning of feeding, just started in a period of time of feeding, vertically the most of feeding through hole 14 in the feeding through hole on tremie pipe side all by feeding regulate spacer 15 intercept, cannot discharging, bait is merely able to extrude by being arranged in a part of feeding through hole on vertical tremie pipe top; Thereby the bait at the beginning of reduction feeding is thrown in speed and injected volume;
On the other hand, and at the beginning of feeding, the driven friction pulley of taper is near the bottom of taper active friction wheel, make the gearratio between the driven friction pulley of taper active friction wheel and taper larger, the rotating speed of the driven friction pulley of taper is lower, vertically the rotating speed of augering screw is corresponding also lower, and vertically the bait in tremie pipe is subject to the propulsive force of vertical augering screw less, and the bait further reducing at the beginning of feeding is thrown in speed;
Thereby on large yellow Crocker water of the present invention, the bait of feeding apparatus input speed is slow, injected volume is less at the beginning of feeding; at the beginning of this meets bait input just; the relatively less situation of large yellow Crocker quantity that assemble string bag below; at the beginning of avoiding bait input, net cage is had more than needed, passed to bait; cause the waste, cost-saving of bait; and after effectively the not edible bait of solution deposits to seabed; substrate pollution, body eutrophication are increased the weight of; the problem that affects cultivate water, the destruction marine eco-environment, contributes to protect the marine eco-environment.
And along with the bait in the feeding bin that floats reduces gradually, pre-stressed compression spring 5 will promote vertical guide pin bushing 3, feeding bin floats, bait, vertical augering screw 12, upper vertical axles 8, lower vertical axles 17, the driven friction pulley 6 of turned off in synchronization device and taper will together up move along vertical guide rod; At vertical tremie pipe, gradually up in mobile process, the feeding through hole that is vertically regulated spacer 15 to be intercepted by feeding on tremie pipe reduces gradually, and the quantity of feeding through hole that vertically can discharging on tremie pipe increases gradually; Thereby improve gradually bait and throw in speed and injected volume;
On the other hand, along with upper vertical axles 8 drives in the process of moving on the driven friction pulley of taper, gearratio between the driven friction pulley of taper active friction wheel and taper reduces gradually, the rotating speed of the driven friction pulley of taper is improved gradually, thereby the rotating speed of vertical augering screw is also improved accordingly gradually, vertically the bait in tremie pipe is increased by the propulsive force of vertical augering screw gradually, further accelerates bait and throws in speed and injected volume;
Thereby along with the bait in the feeding bin that floats reduces gradually, bait is thrown in speed and injected volume increases gradually, this input large yellow Crocker just meeting along with bait will gather the situation of taking food below the string bag gradually, the Feeding Velocity that reaches bait throwing in speed and daily ration, feeding quantity and the shoal of fish is consistent, and is conducive to feed, the nursing of large yellow Crocker.
When the bait in certainly unsteady feeding bin reduces to a certain degree, after throwing in the bait in the feeding hopper that floats, the injected volume of bait will reduce gradually, until the bait in the feeding bin that floats is extruded completely; And stick to the mode that the bait on the aquaculture device that contributes to protect the marine eco-environment can rinse by water, thoroughly discharge.
Claims (7)
1. an aquaculture device that contributes to protect the marine eco-environment, it is characterized in that, comprise feeding apparatus on large yellow Crocker fish culture net cage and large yellow Crocker water, on described large yellow Crocker water, feeding apparatus comprises bracing frame (1), be arranged on vertical guide rod (4) and unsteady drawing-in device on bracing frame, described vertical guide rod is provided with positive stop (2) and vertical guide pin bushing (3) slidably, and positive stop is positioned at vertical guide pin bushing top, state on vertical guide rod, being positioned at vertical guide pin bushing below is provided with and can makes vertical guide pin bushing up move and be resisted against the pre-stressed compression spring (5) on positive stop, described unsteady drawing-in device comprises unsteady feeding bin, and the feeding being fixed on bracing frame regulates spacer (15), bait extruding device and turned off in synchronization device, described unsteady feeding bin comprises the vertical tremie pipe (13) that is fixed on the unsteady feeding hopper (10) of the upper end open on vertical guide pin bushing and is arranged on unsteady feeding hopper below and communicates with unsteady feeding hopper by head rod, described feeding regulates the upper and lower both ends open of spacer, and feeding regulate spacer be positioned at vertical tremie pipe under, described vertical tremie pipe and unsteady feeding hopper are connected as a single entity, the vertically sealing of tremie pipe, vertically the side of tremie pipe is provided with some feeding through holes (14) that up distributed by vertical tremie pipe lower end, and vertically tremie pipe can move down and stretch in feeding adjusting spacer along vertical guide rod, described bait extruding device comprises and being arranged in vertical tremie pipe, and can be with the vertical augering screw (12) of vertical tremie pipe oscilaltion, vertically the rotating shaft of augering screw bottom is arranged on vertical tremie pipe bottom surface by clutch shaft bearing is rotating, and the lower vertical axles (17) that is provided with past downward-extension that vertically augering screw lower end is coaxial, vertically the top of augering screw up extends in the feeding hopper that floats, and vertically the upper end of augering screw is coaxial is provided with the upper vertical axles (8) of up extending, in described upper vertical axles, near floating, feeding hopper upper end is provided with the second bearing (9), and this second bearing is connected with unsteady feeding hopper by connecting rod, on support frame as described above, be positioned at the feeding hopper top of floating and be also provided with the electrodeless variable ratio drive unit for driving upper vertical axles to rotate, this electrodeless variable ratio drive unit comprises drive motors (33), pre-tightening force adjusting device and the connection output rotor of drive motors and the variable ratio friction pulley transmission mechanism of upper vertical axles, described pre-tightening force adjusting device comprises adjusting bolt (26), vertical gripper shoe (25), vertical adjustable plate (28), vertically installing plate (30) and be arranged on the first horizontal guide (27) on vertical installing plate, vertically gripper shoe is fixed on bracing frame, vertical gripper shoe (25), and vertically adjustable plate (28) and vertical installing plate are parallel to each other, and vertical adjustable plate is vertically between gripper shoe and vertical installing plate, the first horizontal guide is radially extended along upper vertical axles, and the first horizontal guide is with vertically installing plate is perpendicular, vertical gripper shoe and be vertically respectively equipped with the horizontally-guided hole with the first horizontal guide adaptation on adjustable plate, the first horizontal guide is respectively through vertical gripper shoe and the vertical horizontally-guided hole on adjustable plate, described drive motors is fixed on vertical installing plate, and drive motors is positioned at the relative both sides of vertical installing plate with the first horizontal guide, described variable ratio friction pulley transmission mechanism comprises taper active friction wheel (7) and is fixed on the driven friction pulley of taper (6) in vertical axles, the rotating shaft of described taper active friction wheel vertically arranges, the diameter of taper active friction wheel increases from bottom to top gradually, the rotating shaft of taper active friction wheel is rotatably arranged on vertical installing plate by the 3rd bearing (32), and taper active friction wheel and drive motors are positioned at vertical installing plate the same side, the output rotor of drive motors is connected with the rotating shaft of taper active friction wheel, the diameter of the driven friction pulley of described taper reduces from bottom to top gradually, in described the first horizontal guide, be provided with and can making taper active friction wheel be resisted against the first preloading spring (29) on the driven friction pulley of taper between vertical adjustable plate and vertical installing plate, described vertical gripper shoe is provided with adjusting screw, described adjusting bolt is arranged in this adjusting screw, adjusting bolt parallels with the first horizontal guide, and adjusting bolt is positioned at the relative both sides of vertical adjustable plate with the first preloading spring, and the end of adjusting bolt is resisted against on vertical adjustable plate, the lower end of described lower vertical axles down extends through feeding and regulates spacer, and is positioned at the below that feeding regulates spacer, described turned off in synchronization device comprises the cut-out bar (24) that is positioned at vertical tremie pipe and feeding adjusting spacer outside and the second connecting rod (19) that connects cut-out bar and lower vertical axles, described the second connecting rod is positioned at feeding and regulates spacer below, the upper end of described cut-out bar is near the upper end of vertical tremie pipe, and the lower end that cuts off bar is positioned at the below of vertical tremie pipe lower end.
2. a kind of aquaculture device that contributes to protect the marine eco-environment according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, it is circular that described vertical tremie pipe and feeding regulate spacer cross section, described turned off in synchronization device also comprises the vertical support bar (20) that is positioned at cut-out bar outside, described the second connecting rod connects lower vertical axles and vertical support bar, vertically support bar is provided with, the horizontal guide pin bushing (21) that lower two vertical augering screws in edge radially extend, in two horizontal guide pin bushings, be respectively equipped with the second horizontal guide (22), described cut-out bar vertically arranges, the bottom that cuts off bar is positioned at feeding and regulates spacer outside, cut off bar and be fixed on two second horizontal guide ends, cut off on bar, towards feeding, regulate the side of spacer to be provided with the ball of some arranged distribution from lower to upper, in two horizontal guide, have at least and in a horizontal guide, be arranged with the ball that can make to cut off on bar and be resisted against feeding and regulate the second preloading spring (23) on spacer lateral surface.
3. a kind of aquaculture device that contributes to protect the marine eco-environment according to claim 1; it is characterized in that; in described lower vertical axles, be arranged with stop collar (181); stop collar is positioned at by feeding and regulates the feeding of spacer bottom to regulate spacer, and stop collar regulates spacer to be connected by the 3rd connecting rod (18) and feeding.
4. a kind of aquaculture device that contributes to protect the marine eco-environment according to claim 3, is characterized in that, is also provided with horizontal mounting rod (1a) on support frame as described above, and horizontal mounting rod is positioned at the top of the feeding hopper upper port of floating; Described feeding regulates spacer to be connected with horizontal mounting rod by vertical connecting rod (16), vertically the bottom of connecting rod is positioned at feeding adjusting spacer, and vertically connecting rod lower end is fixed on the 3rd connecting rod, vertically vertical tremie pipe and unsteady feeding hopper are up passed in the upper end of connecting rod, and are connected with horizontal mounting rod.
5. according to a kind of aquaculture device that contributes to protect the marine eco-environment described in claim 3 or 4; it is characterized in that; when vertical guide pin bushing is resisted against on positive stop, the lower end of vertical tremie pipe and the axial length that the spacing between stop collar is less than taper active friction wheel.
6. according to a kind of aquaculture device that contributes to protect the marine eco-environment described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that, the cone angle of described taper active friction wheel is between 5 degree to 15 degree.
7. according to a kind of aquaculture device that contributes to protect the marine eco-environment described in claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4, it is characterized in that, the bottom of described unsteady feeding hopper is tapered.
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