CN104053940A - 包括存储容积的低温压缩气体的存储容器 - Google Patents

包括存储容积的低温压缩气体的存储容器 Download PDF

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CN104053940A
CN104053940A CN201280067423.4A CN201280067423A CN104053940A CN 104053940 A CN104053940 A CN 104053940A CN 201280067423 A CN201280067423 A CN 201280067423A CN 104053940 A CN104053940 A CN 104053940A
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M·坎皮施
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种低温压缩气体的存储容器、尤其是用于机动车的低温压力箱，其包括用于容纳所存储气体的存储容积，在存储容积中设置用于混合存储于存储容积中的气体的混合装置。

Description

包括存储容积的低温压缩气体的存储容器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种低温压缩气体的存储容器、尤其是用于机动车的低温压力箱，其包括用于容纳所存储气体的存储容积。另外本发明还涉及这种存储容器在机动车中的应用。
背景技术
为了运行以氢气作为燃料的机动车，将处于超临界状态的气体存储于特殊的耐压容器中。深冷气体在高压下(13巴～350巴)以气态被储存。为此必须避免来自周围环境的热量输入到存储容器中。因此，存储容器需要极好的、通常是双壁的具有高真空的超级绝热体。
在用深冷气体填充这种存储容器时，必须将其存储内容物保持在足够低的温度上。另外，必须以最少可能的花费精确测量存储容器中的温度。
发明内容
根据本发明提供一种低温压缩气体的存储容器、尤其是用于机动车的低温压力箱，其包括用于容纳所存储气体的存储容积，其中，在存储容积中设置用于混合存储于存储容积中的气体的混合装置。
根据本发明的解决方案基于下述认识：在填充常见的低温压力箱时在充气后立即在所存储的超临界气体中产生热分层。这意味着，热的气体聚积在存储容积的上部区域中并且较冷的气体聚积在存储容积的下部区域中。为了借助测量参数即压力和温度来确定存储容积的填充水平，需要极精确地测量所存储气体的平均温度，这在温度分层的情况下只能借助较多的花费、如多个温度传感器来实现。
取而代之，根据本发明的用于混合存储于存储容积中的气体的混合装置在填充期间和稍后也能确保所述分层的混合以及所存储气体温度的均匀化。因此在根据本发明的存储容器中仅借助一个温度传感器就可高度精确地测量气体的温度。另外，根据本发明的解决方案避免了在存储容器的壁上或者说壳体上基于局部不同的温度产生应力。这种应力可降低存储容器的期待寿命。
根据本发明的混合装置特别优选设有活动地支承的物体。这种物体可主动或被动地运动。借助运动物体在存储容积中挤压其前方的气体，而同时气体可在物体后面补流。由此在气体中形成有利于气体混合的流动。
特别有利的是，活动地支承的物体可滑动地支承。滑动支承可在结构上极为简单地实现并且同时在存储容器所需的通常为细长的存储容积中形成用于物体的广泛的运动空间。
活动地支承的物体的可滑动的支承优选沿所属车辆的纵向方向定向。车辆在沿其主行驶方向的行驶运行期间基于其不断的加速和制动而经历极强烈的脉冲输入。这些脉冲可有利地用于使根据本发明被用作混合装置的物体进行运动。由于根据本发明设置的物体沿车辆纵向方向可滑动地支承，该物体在所述运动方向上承受通过车辆作用于其的加速脉冲。同时该物体具有惯性并且在其支承装置上受到一定的摩擦力。加速脉冲、惯性和摩擦力的相互作用导致物体相对于支承装置不断运动并且由此有助于存储于存储容器中的气体混合。
特别优选活动地支承的物体附加或只是可转动地支承。借助这种支承定义了物体的转动运动，该转动运动可以以摆的形式来回定向或以圆形轨道或螺旋形轨道的形式在至少较长的距离上朝一个旋转方向定向。转动运动可简单地进行并且可有针对性地用于在存储容积中产生输送运动，该输送运动引起气体的涡旋状的混合。
另外根据本发明有利的是，活动地支承的物体可自由运动地支承。自由运动性在因脉冲传递而造成的运动中引起特别大的运动振幅。该运动在一段距离的自由运动后可有针对性地尤其是借助弹性元件被制动并且也可在相反方向上反转。
另外，活动地支承的物体优选构造有穿行存储容积的盘片。该盘片具有大的端面，借助该端面，盘片可运动穿过存储容积。盘片如此运动，使得在小运动行程的同时引起大的体积挤压。
根据本发明的活动地支承的物体的另一种优选形式是摆。摆具有质量体，该质量体借助相对低质量的杆铰接在转动轴承上。质量体在相对低的装置总质量下提供了大的惯性矩。相对低的总质量恰恰在汽车制造业中现有的重量限制方面是有利的。
另外，活动地支承的物体优选构造有至少一个贯通口。贯通口构成通道，分流可通过通道流走，而其它分流则在物体剩余部分的前方被推进。由此产生反向定向的分流并且它们总体上引起所存储气体的有利的涡流。
基于如此产生的优点本发明也相应有针对性地涉及这种存储容器在机动车中的应用。
附图说明
下面参考附图详细说明本发明技术方案的实施例。附图如下：
图1为根据本发明的存储容器的第一种实施例的纵剖面图；
图2为根据本发明的存储容器的第二种实施例的纵剖面图。
具体实施方式
附图示出用于压缩氢气(CcH2，低温压缩氢气)的储存容器10、即所谓的低温压力箱的实施例。存储于其中的低温气体适合用于任何类型的H2能量转换器并且优选用于驱动未进一步示出的车辆的燃料电池。对此从存储容器10中提取气体并供应给燃料电池。
在存储容器10中，低温压缩氢气在非常低的温度下被存储在超临界压力下。为此，存储容器10具有外箱或者说存储壳体12，存储壳体12包围一个用于流体密封地容纳气体的存储容积14。存储壳体12设有外罩16、设置在外罩中的绝缘体18和内箱或者说内存储壁20。
为了尤其是在存储壳体12中避免所存储气体的温度分层，在存储容积14中设置混合装置24。该混合装置24用于混合储存于存储容积14中的气体并且以这种方式引起气体的涡流和循环，从而使气体不能形成分层。由此在填充期间或稍后也可确保所存储气体的温度的均匀化。因此在存储容器10中可仅借助一个唯一的温度传感器(未示出)高度精确测量气体温度。
在根据图1的实施例中，混合装置24设有活动地支承的物体26，该物体可滑动地设置在杆28上。杆28构成用于物体26的滑动支承装置，在杆上物体可被动地自由运动。在运动时物体26在存储容积14中挤压其前方的气体，而同时气体可在物体26后面补流。在此物体26被构造成具有多个分布设置在端面中的贯通口30的盘片的形式。在物体26的往复运动期间部分气体穿过贯通口30，从而总体上产生有利的气体涡流和混合。
杆28定位于存储容器10中，使得该杆在存储容器的安装状态中沿所属车辆的纵向方向延伸。在车辆加速和制动时，该运动脉冲传递到该系统、即杆28/物体26上，两个构件26/28之一运动，而另一构件基于其惯性面对该运动。因此无需单独的驱动装置就可实现杆28和物体26之间的相对运动和因此所希望的存储容积14中气体的混合。
在根据图2的实施例中，物体26构造为摆，该摆除了沿杆28的滑动支承外还可围绕杆28转动。摆的转动运动也是自动的，只要包围物体26的车辆其余部分相对于该物体运动。

Claims (10)

1.低温压缩气体的存储容器、尤其是用于机动车的低温压力箱，包括用于容纳所存储气体的存储容积(14)，其中，在存储容积(14)中设置用于混合存储于存储容积(14)中的气体的混合装置(24)。
2.根据权利要求1的存储容器，其中，所述混合装置(24)设有活动地支承的物体(26)。
3.根据权利要求2的存储容器，其中，所述活动地支承的物体(26)可滑动地支承。
4.根据权利要求3的存储容器，其中，活动地支承的物体(26)的可滑动的支承装置(28)沿所属车辆的纵向方向定向。
5.根据权利要求1至4之一的存储容器，其中，所述活动地支承的物体(26)可转动地支承。
6.根据权利要求1至5之一的存储容器，其中，所述活动地支承的物体(26)可自由运动地支承。
7.根据权利要求1至6之一的存储容器，其中，所述活动地支承的物体(26)构造有穿行存储容积(14)的盘片(图1)。
8.根据权利要求1至7之一的存储容器，其中，所述活动地支承的物体(26)构造有摆(图2)。
9.根据权利要求1至8之一的存储容器，其中，所述活动地支承的物体(26)构造有至少一个贯通口(30)。
10.根据权利要求1至9之一的存储容器(10)在机动车中的应用。
CN201280067423.4A 2012-02-13 2012-12-03 包括存储容积的低温压缩气体的存储容器 Expired - Fee Related CN104053940B (zh)

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