CN104045533A - 茚酮类化合物及其药用用途 - Google Patents

茚酮类化合物及其药用用途 Download PDF

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CN104045533A
CN104045533A CN201310084543.1A CN201310084543A CN104045533A CN 104045533 A CN104045533 A CN 104045533A CN 201310084543 A CN201310084543 A CN 201310084543A CN 104045533 A CN104045533 A CN 104045533A
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孙逊
钟晨
昌军
唐美麟
刘希希
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Abstract

本发明属药物化学和医药技术领域,涉及新型茚酮类化合物及其药用用途。本发明提供了式(1)所示的茚酮类衍生物:式中,R1为氢原子、1~4个碳原子的直链或支链烷基或1~3个卤素取代的支链烷基、卤素、三氟甲基;R2为氢原子、羟基、卤素、三氟甲基、1~4个碳原子的直链或支链烷氧基;R3为氢原子、R4为羟基,或R3R4为氧。本发明经药理试验和动物实验结果显示,所述的茚酮类化合物具有其可以剂量依赖地降低LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞中iNOS和IL-1β的表达,该抑制作用是通过p38MAPK和JNK1/2磷酸化通路进行的,结果所述的茚酮类化合物具有抗炎作用,可制成包含安全有效量茚酮类化合物及药用载体的各种制剂。

Description

茚酮类化合物及其药用用途
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学和医药技术领域,具体涉及一种新型茚酮类化合物及其药用用途。
背景技术
抗炎药用于治疗组织受到损伤后所发生的反应——炎症的药物。现有技术公开了抗炎药包括有两大类:一类是甾体抗炎药,即肾上腺皮质所分泌的糖皮质激素氢化可的松及其人工合成的衍生物;另一类是非甾体抗炎药(non-steroid-anti-inflammatorydrugs,NSAIDs),NSAIDs自阿司匹林于1898年首次合成后,100多年来已有百余种上千个品牌上市,这类药物包括阿司匹林、对乙酰氨基酚、吲哚美辛、萘普生、萘普酮、双氯芬酸、布洛芬、尼美舒利、罗非昔布、塞来昔布等,该类药物具有抗炎、抗风湿、止痛、退热和抗凝血等作用,在临床上广泛用于骨关节炎、类风湿性关节炎、多种发热和各种疼痛症状的缓解。
研究表明,不同种类的NSAID有相同的作用机制。它们都是通过抑制环氧化酶的活性,从而抑制花生四烯酸最终生成前列环素(PGI1),前列腺素(PGE1,PGE2)和血栓素A2(TXA2)。NSAID除了抑制前列腺素的合成外,还可抑制炎症过程中缓激肽的释放,改变淋巴细胞反应,减少粒细胞和单核细胞的迁移和吞噬作用。也正因为NSAID抑制了前列腺素的合成,所以除了有止痛和抗炎作用外,还同时出现相应的副作用,主要表现在胃肠道与肾脏两方面。
Isopaucifloral F是从植物金雀根中分离得到的天然产物,其生物活性尚未见文献报道。Isopaucifloral F属于取代茚酮类化合物,本发明拟提供一种新型茚酮类衍生物,并经药理实验显示其中部分化合物具有比白藜芦醇更好的抗炎活性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种新型茚酮类衍生物及其药用用途。
本发明提供的茚酮类衍生物具有下式(1)所示的结构:
式中,R1为氢原子、1~4个碳原子的直链或支链烷基或1~3个卤素取代的支链烷基、卤素、三氟甲基;R2为氢原子、羟基、卤素、三氟甲基、1~4个碳原子的直链或支链烷氧基;R3为氢原子、R4为羟基,或R3R4为氧。
本发明中,所述的R1中,含有1~4个碳原子的直链烷基选自甲基、乙基、丙基;支链烷基选自异丙基、异丁基、叔丁基;
本发明中,所述的R2中,卤素选自氟、氯、溴或碘。
本发明通过下述方法合成茚酮类化合物:
1)化合物3a和3b的合成
称取3,3',5,5'-四甲氧基二苯基乙二酮和取代的磷氧试剂加入三颈瓶中,抽真空,通氮气,加入无水处理的Tol使之溶解,加入NaHMDS的THF溶液室温反应30min后,TLC显示原料消失,有极少量的二取代产物生成,加水淬灭反应,旋蒸除去Tol,用乙酸乙酯萃取,0.1mol/L的HCl水溶液洗至中性,水洗至中性,饱和NaCl溶液除水,无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩溶剂,有固体磷酸盐析出,过滤,滤液经硅胶柱层析纯化(正己烷:乙酸乙酯=10:1),得黄色油状液体,得化合物3a和3b;
3a:黄色油状液体,收率74%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ3.67-3.83(m,12H),6.41-6.61(m,4H),6.94-7.42(m,8H);13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ45.85,55.21,55.27,55.43,55.48,55.60,98.88,100.07,100.39,104.54,104.63,105.35,106.17,106.27,106.40,107.22,107.30,107.34,107.48,128.04,128.19,128.43,128.76,128.98,130.31,130.41,134.52,134.58,135.18,136.61,138.05,138.22,138.35,139.85,139.90,139.93,140.40,140.71,160.47,160.75,160.82,160.94,161.00,194.09,196.76,197.00,198.37;ESI-MSm/z:405.2(M+H)+.
3b:淡黄色油状液体,收率67%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ3.75(s,6H),3.76(s,6H)6.40-6.41(m,1H),6.57-6.59(m,3H),6.89(t,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.10-7.27(m,5H);13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ55.32,55.36,55.48,55.52,55.63,100.07,100.33,104.47,104.57,106.29,107.23,107.30,107.44,115.23,115.41,115.45,115.63,129.15,130.46,130.55,130.61,131.38,131.42,132.26,132.34,137.89,138.03,138.90,139.71,139.78,140.13,140.60,160.46,160.86,160.94,161.02,161.13,161.55,163.49,164.04,196.66,198.40;ESI-MSm/z:423.1(M+H)+
2)化合物4a和4b的合成
称取多芳基取代α,β-不饱和酮(3,8.06mmol)的加入250mL的圆底三颈瓶中,加入120mL无水处理的CH2Cl2。室温下慢慢滴加1mL的BF3·Et2O(7.67mmol),反应液由无色-淡黄-橙红变化,室温下反应48-72小时,TLC显示原料基本消失,且产物点单一,加少量的水终止反应。用CH2Cl2萃取,饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗,水洗至中性,饱和NaCl溶液除水,无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩溶剂,得咖啡色固体,用少量甲醇洗涤,得白色粉末状固体,得化合物4a和4b;
4a:白色粉末状固体,收率94%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:3.64(1H,d,J=2.4Hz),3.65(3H,s),3.74(6H,brs),3.88(3H,s),4.56(1H,d,J=2.4Hz),6.24-6.40(3H,m),6.70(1H,d,J=2.1Hz),6.92(1H,d,J=2.1Hz),7.02-7.28(5H,m);13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δppm:51.6,55.3,55.6,55.8,65.2,96.5,99.0,106.1,106.6,126.5,127.0,128.5,138.2,138.7,141.5,143.3,157.8,161.0,162.0,205.3;EI-MSm/z(%)404([M]+,100);IR(KBr)νmax=3008,2930,2841,1714,1594,1455,1431,1207,1161,1149,1066,1057,1030cm–1
4b:白色粉末状固体,收率77%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ3.58(d,J=3.0Hz,1H),3.65(s,3H),3.74(s,6H),3.87(s,3H),4.52(d,J=2.9Hz,1H),6.22(d,J=2.2Hz,2H),6.36(t,J=2.2Hz,1H),6.69(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),6.90-7.00(m,5H);13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ50.85,55.28,55.53,55.81,65.19,96.44,98.88,106.00,106.55,115.14,115.35,128.34,128.41,137.76,138.50,138.89,138.93,141.14,157.60,160.98,162.04,205.04;ESI-MSm/z:423.1(M+H)+
3)化合物5a和5b的合成
称取多芳基取代茚酮(4,6.21mmol)和1.41g(37.27mmol)NaBH4溶解于60mLTHF中。加入60mL甲醇后有大量气体放出。在室温下搅拌,反应30min左右至不再有气泡产生,TLC显示基本反应完全。加水停止反应,浓缩反应液。用乙酸乙酯萃取有机层3次,水洗至中性,饱和NaCl溶液除水,无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩溶剂,得白色泡沫状固体,得化合物5a和5b;5a,2-(3',5'-二甲氧基苯基)-3-苯基-4,6-二甲氧基-2,3-二氢茚-1-醇,白色泡沫状固体,收率99%。ESI-MSm/z:389.2(M-H2O)+
5b,2-(3',5'-二甲氧基苯基)-3-(对氟苯基)-4,6-二甲氧基-2,3-二氢茚-1-醇,色泡沫状固体,收率99%。ESI-MSm/z:405.2(M-H2O)+
本发明进一步提供茚酮类化合物在制备抗炎药物上的应用。
药理研究显示式(1)所示的茚酮类化合物具有其可以剂量依赖地降低LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞中iNOS和IL-1β的表达,同时这种抑制作用是通过p38MAPK和JNK1/2磷酸化通路进行的。这些结果表明该类化合物具有潜在的抗炎作用。进一步的动物实验表明所述的茚酮类化合物具有抗炎作用。
本发明的茚酮类化合物可制成包含安全有效量茚酮类化合物及药用载体的各种制剂。
本文中,“安全有效量”指的是:化合物的量足以明显改善病情,而不至于产生严重的副作用。安全有效量根据治疗对象的年龄、病情、疗程等来确定。
“药用载体”指的是:一种或多种相容性固体或液体填料或凝胶物质,它们适合于人使用,而且必须有足够的纯度和足够低的毒性。
“相容性”在此指的是组合物中各组份能和本发明的化合物以及它们之间相互掺和,而不明显降低化合物的药效。
药学上可以接受的载体部分例子有糖(如葡萄糖、蔗糖、乳糖等),淀粉(如玉米淀粉、马铃薯淀粉等),纤维素及其衍生物(如羧甲基纤维素钠、乙基纤维素钠、纤维素乙酸酯等),明胶,滑石,固体润滑剂(如硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁),硫酸钙,植物油(如豆油、芝麻油、花生油、橄榄油等),多元醇(如丙二醇、甘油、甘露醇、山梨醇等),乳化剂(如吐温)、润湿剂(如十二烷基硫酸钠),着色剂,调味剂,稳定剂,抗氧化剂,防腐剂,无热原水等。
附图说明
图1化合物5a对iNOS(A)的表达,NO(B)和IL-1β(C)的释放量的影响。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步阐述,但这些实施例绝不是对本发明的任何限制。
实施例1:茚酮类化合物的合成
1)化合物3a和3b的合成
称取1.00g(3.02mmol)的3,3',5,5'-四甲氧基二苯基乙二酮和取代的磷氧试剂(2,3.02mmol)加入100mL的三颈瓶中,抽真空,通氮气,加入70mL无水处理的Tol使之溶解,加入NaHMDS的THF溶液3.02mL(2M,6.05mmol)。室温反应30min后,TLC显示原料消失,有极少量的二取代产物生成,加水淬灭反应。旋蒸除去Tol,用乙酸乙酯萃取,0.1mol/L的HCl水溶液洗至中性,水洗至中性,饱和NaCl溶液除水,无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩溶剂,有固体磷酸盐析出,过滤,滤液经硅胶柱层析纯化(正己烷:乙酸乙酯=10:1),得黄色油状液体。
3a:黄色油状液体,收率74%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ3.67-3.83(m,12H),6.41-6.61(m,4H),6.94-7.42(m,8H);13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ45.85,55.21,55.27,55.43,55.48,55.60,98.88,100.07,100.39,104.54,104.63,105.35,106.17,106.27,106.40,107.22,107.30,107.34,107.48,128.04,128.19,128.43,128.76,128.98,130.31,130.41,134.52,134.58,135.18,136.61,138.05,138.22,138.35,139.85,139.90,139.93,140.40,140.71,160.47,160.75,160.82,160.94,161.00,194.09,196.76,197.00,198.37;ESI-MSm/z:405.2(M+H)+.
3b:淡黄色油状液体,收率67%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ3.75(s,6H),3.76(s,6H)6.40-6.41(m,1H),6.57-6.59(m,3H),6.89(t,J=8.7Hz,2H),7.10-7.27(m,5H);13CNMR(75MHz,CDCl3)δ55.32,55.36,55.48,55.52,55.63,100.07,100.33,104.47,104.57,106.29,107.23,107.30,107.44,115.23,115.41,115.45,115.63,129.15,130.46,130.55,130.61,131.38,131.42,132.26,132.34,137.89,138.03,138.90,139.71,139.78,140.13,140.60,160.46,160.86,160.94,161.02,161.13,161.55,163.49,164.04,196.66,198.40;ESI-MSm/z:423.1(M+H)+
2)化合物4a和4b的合成
称取多芳基取代α,β-不饱和酮(3,8.06mmol)的加入250mL的圆底三颈瓶中,加入120mL无水处理的CH2Cl2。室温下慢慢滴加1mL的BF3·Et2O(7.67mmol),反应液由无色-淡黄-橙红变化,室温下反应48-72小时,TLC显示原料基本消失,且产物点单一,加少量的水终止反应。用CH2Cl2萃取,饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗,水洗至中性,饱和NaCl溶液除水,无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩溶剂,得咖啡色固体,用少量甲醇洗涤,得白色粉末状固体。
4a:白色粉末状固体,收率94%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δppm:3.64(1H,d,J=2.4Hz),3.65(3H,s),3.74(6H,brs),3.88(3H,s),4.56(1H,d,J=2.4Hz),6.24-6.40(3H,m),6.70(1H,d,J=2.1Hz),6.92(1H,d,J=2.1Hz),7.02-7.28(5H,m);13CNMR(100MHz,CDCl3)δppm:51.6,55.3,55.6,55.8,65.2,96.5,99.0,106.1,106.6,126.5,127.0,128.5,138.2,138.7,141.5,143.3,157.8,161.0,162.0,205.3;EI-MSm/z(%)404([M]+,100);IR(KBr)νmax=3008,2930,2841,1714,1594,1455,1431,1207,1161,1149,1066,1057,1030cm–1
4b:白色粉末状固体,收率77%。1HNMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ3.58(d,J=3.0Hz,1H),3.65(s,3H),3.74(s,6H),3.87(s,3H),4.52(d,J=2.9Hz,1H),6.22(d,J=2.2Hz,2H),6.36(t,J=2.2Hz,1H),6.69(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),6.90-7.00(m,5H);13CNMR(101MHz,CDCl3)δ50.85,55.28,55.53,55.81,65.19,96.44,98.88,106.00,106.55,115.14,115.35,128.34,128.41,137.76,138.50,138.89,138.93,141.14,157.60,160.98,162.04,205.04;ESI-MSm/z:423.1(M+H)+
3)化合物5a和5b的合成
称取多芳基取代茚酮(4,6.21mmol)和1.41g(37.27mmol)NaBH4溶解于60mLTHF中。加入60mL甲醇后有大量气体放出。在室温下搅拌,反应30min左右至不再有气泡产生,TLC显示基本反应完全。加水停止反应,浓缩反应液。用乙酸乙酯萃取有机层3次,水洗至中性,饱和NaCl溶液除水,无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩溶剂,得白色泡沫状固体。
5a,2-(3',5'-二甲氧基苯基)-3-苯基-4,6-二甲氧基-2,3-二氢茚-1-醇,白色泡沫状固体,收率99%。ESI-MSm/z:389.2(M-H2O)+
5b,2-(3',5'-二甲氧基苯基)-3-(对氟苯基)-4,6-二甲氧基-2,3-二氢茚-1-醇,色泡沫状固体,收率99%。ESI-MSm/z:405.2(M-H2O)+
实施例2:茚酮化合物对抑制脂多糖介导的RAW264.7细胞释放NO作用
实验方法:采用体外培养的巨噬细胞系RAW264.7细胞,待细胞生长至融合状态后分别加入LPS和不同浓度的茚酮化合物,于37℃、5%CO2条件下共同孵育24h,设立空白对照组。采用硝酸还原酶法检测细胞上清液中炎性介质一氧化氮(NO)的含量。
实验结果:化合物均对抑制脂多糖介导的RAW264.7细胞释放NO具有良好的恢复作用,说明了这些化合物具有潜在的细胞保护作用。
Table1.LPS诱导RAW264.7细胞一氧化氮释放量抑制实验。#P<0.05,*P<0.05
实施例3:化合物5a对LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞免疫应答的抑制作用
我们首先检测了化合物5a对LPS诱导的RAW264.7细胞免疫应答的抑制作用。分别将RAW264.7细胞用不同浓度的5a(5-20μM)预孵2小时,然后加入LPS(1μg/ml),24小时后,观察其NO的释放量,通过Western blot检测iNOS的表达,以及通过酶联免疫吸附剂测定法(ELISA)检测炎症因子IL-1β的释放(附图1)。
从图1可以看到,化合物5a可以以浓度依赖地减少NO和IL-1β的释放量,降低iNOS的表达,并且在给药浓度达到20μM时,iNOS的表达几乎可以达到被LPS诱导前的水平。该数据进一步证实了细胞初筛的结果,认为5a的确具有潜在的抗炎作用。
实施例4:巴豆油致小鼠耳肿胀实验实验
昆明种小鼠50只,随机分为5组,包括空白对照组、阳性对照组、化合物5a高中低剂量()实验,每组10只,雌雄各半。每次取皮下注射给药,每日给药1次,连续给药3次。末次给药30min后,将2%的巴豆油50μL均匀涂于左耳前后两面。4h后剪下两耳,用8mm直径的打孔器在两耳同一部位打孔,分别称重:以左右耳片重量之差作为肿胀程度,计算对炎症的抑制率。
肿胀度(W)=左耳片重量一右耳片重量
肿胀抑制率(%)=(W空白对照一W给药)/W空白对照×100%
数据处理各组数据用元±s表示,组间分析用£检验进行统计学处理,P<0.05为具有统计学意义。
实验结果表明,当5a皮下给药剂量为对巴豆油所致小鼠耳肿胀表现出一定的抑制作用,
Table2.皮下注射5a对巴豆油所致小鼠耳肿胀的影响。#P<0.05

Claims (4)

1.式(1)结构的茚酮类衍生物:
式中,R1为氢原子、1~4个碳原子的直链或支链烷基或1~3个卤素取代的支链烷基、三氟甲基;R2为氢原子、羟基、卤素、三氟甲基、1~4个碳原子的直链或支链烷氧基;R3为氢原子、R4为羟基,或R3R4为氧。
2.如权利要求1所述的茚酮类衍生物,其特征是所述的R1中,含有1~4个碳原子的直链烷基选自甲基、乙基、丙基;支链烷基选自异丙基、异丁基、叔丁基;所述的R2中,卤素选自氟、氯、溴或碘。
3.如权利要求1所述的茚酮类衍生物,其特征是通过下述方法合成茚酮类化合物:
4.权利要求1所述的茚酮类化合物在制备抗炎药物中的用途。
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CN107082743A (zh) * 2016-02-16 2017-08-22 复旦大学 3-取代-1-茚酮衍生物化合物及其制备方法和药物用途
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CN113292448A (zh) * 2021-06-25 2021-08-24 中山大学 一种茚酮类亚胺衍生物及其制备方法与应用

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