CN104042651A - Ovate leaf holly bark and mequindox containing compound composition for livestock and poultry - Google Patents
Ovate leaf holly bark and mequindox containing compound composition for livestock and poultry Download PDFInfo
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- CN104042651A CN104042651A CN201410272514.2A CN201410272514A CN104042651A CN 104042651 A CN104042651 A CN 104042651A CN 201410272514 A CN201410272514 A CN 201410272514A CN 104042651 A CN104042651 A CN 104042651A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ovate leaf holly bark and mequindox containing compound composition for livestock and poultry. The compound composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-15 parts of mequindox and 50-200 parts of ovate leaf holly bark. The raw materials are mixed uniformly to prepare powder, tablets, oral liquid or granules. The compound composition can reverse the resistance of bacteria to antibacterial drugs by being added to feeds for livestock and poultry according to 0.1-5g/kg of feed additive amount to feed the livestock and poultry, thus improving the treatment effects of the antibacterial drugs, substantially reducing the drug cost and creating higher economic benefits for farmers.
Description
The present invention is that the denomination of invention of application on 03 18th, 2013 is the compound > > that mono-kind of < < contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, and what application number was 201310085603.1 divides an application.
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of poultry compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae and LIJUNJING.
Background technology
Escherichia coli are common conditioned pathogens, also be normal a kind of disease of sending out, can the former multiple location severe infections such as chicken acute sepsis, peritonitis, hepatitis, pneumonia, enteritis of having carried out the coffin upon burial, also can secondary or mixed in virosis, to aquaculture, cause huge economic loss.Amoxicillin wherein, ampicillin, ceftiofur, ceftriaxone, amoxicillin/clavulanate, the beta-lactam lopps antibiotic such as ampicillin/sulbactam are the conventional important drugs of this disease of control, along with cultivation scale intensive degree is more and more large, medication is more and more spread unchecked, its Resistant strain is more and more many, more about Drug Resistance of E. coli report, one of main mechanism that studies confirm that at present drug resistance is to produce beta-lactamase, especially extended spectrumβ-lactamase (Extended-Spectrum β-lactamase, ESBLs), can be more by force and be hydrolyzed fast beta-lactam nucleus, make this class antibiotic lose antibacterial activity.ESBLs is the main enzyme type of beta-lactamase, and ESBLs is not only to cephalo three generations and aztreonam drug resistance, and aminoglycoside, quinolones and sulfonamides are to crossing drug resistant, only to carbapenems, a mould alkene class medicaments insensitive.Current many documents have reported that colibacillary multi-drug resistant and generation ESBLs have substantial connection, comparatively pay close attention to it both at home and abroad.To part ESBLs, colibacillary drug sensitive test shows, its multidrug resistant rate is apparently higher than non-ESBLs bacterial strain.Result also shows to produce ESBLs bacterial strain not only to the serious drug resistance of the third generation cephalosporins such as ceftiofur in addition, and also to multiple antimicrobial drug drug resistances such as fluoroquinolones, aminoglycoside and sulfonamides, be serious multidrug resistant, colibacillary drug resistance causes to raiser's drug cost to be increased, extend the course for the treatment of of treatment, mortality of livestock increases, and to production, brings higher expenses for medicine cost and economic loss.Therefore, suddenly in actual production waiting to need a kind of to no matter whether, the escherichia coli of drug resistance can have the medicine of better therapeutical effect, to shorten the course for the treatment of of treatment, reduce mortality rate, reduce economic loss, is that raiser creates higher economic benefit.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of poultry compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae and LIJUNJING, can kill quickly antibacterial, overcome large, the residual height of weak curative effect, consumption and the high defect of cost that antimicrobial drug treatment causes due to drug resistance problem.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose: a kind of poultry compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae and LIJUNJING, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: LIJUNJING 3-15 part, Cortex Ilicis Rotundae 50-200 part.
The compound method of described compound is: Cortex Ilicis Rotundae is pulverized, crossed after 60 mesh sieves, then according to described parts by weight of raw materials ratio, put into blender with pulverous antimicrobial drug and mix, be prepared into powder, tablet, oral liquid or granule.
The beneficial effect that the present invention compared with prior art had is: in antimicrobial drug, add after Cortex Ilicis Rotundae, can reverse the drug resistance of bacteria medicine, thereby the therapeutic effect that improves antimicrobial drug, significantly reduces drug cost, for raiser creates higher economic benefit.
The specific embodiment:
Antimicrobial drug itself has the colibacillary effect for the treatment of, but has stronger drug resistance owing to producing the escherichia coli of ESBLs drug resistant gene, causes antimicrobial drug not show good therapeutic effect in normal using dosage situation.
In order to verify the drug resistance inversion effect of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae to antimicrobial drug, applicant adopts microtest tube doubling dilution on 96 orifice plates, first measure antimicrobial drug to producing minimal inhibitory concentration and the subinhibitory concentration of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae to product ESBLs e. coli strains of ESBLs e. coli strains, then in culture medium, added the Cortex Ilicis Rotundae of subinhibitory concentration to reuse the minimal inhibitory concentration that microtest tube doubling dilution is cultivated mensuration antimicrobial drug; Utilize continuous passage method in the culture medium that is added with same subinhibitory concentration Cortex Ilicis Rotundae and same concentration antimicrobial drug to producing the cultivation of going down to posterity of ESBLs e. coli strains, until the antimicrobial drug minimal inhibitory concentration observing with go down to posterity before compare and diminish more than 4 times, can be judged as Cortex Ilicis Rotundae has drug resistance inversion effect to antibacterial medical instrument.Result of the test statistics is as shown in the table:
Subinhibitory concentration Cortex Ilicis Rotundae culture medium goes down to posterity and causes the variation (ug/ml) of producing ESBLs escherichia coli antimicrobial drug minimal inhibitory concentration
As seen from the above table, antimicrobial drug all reduces more than 4 times producing the colibacillary minimal inhibitory concentration of ESBLs, can be judged as Cortex Ilicis Rotundae and have drug resistance inversion effect to producing ESBLs escherichia coli.
In order to further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention, applicant has carried out following specific embodiment:
Embodiment 1
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 3 parts of amoxicillin, 180 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 2
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 10 parts of amoxicillin, 90 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 3
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 3 parts of amoxicillin, 40 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 4
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 20 parts of amoxicillin, 40 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 5
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 3 parts of norfloxacins, 190 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 6
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 12 parts of norfloxacins, 120 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 7
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 25 parts of levofloxacins, 30 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 8
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 25 parts of norfloxacins, 190 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 9
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 3 parts of LIJUNJING, 200 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 10
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 6 parts of LIJUNJING, 100 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 11
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 15 parts of LIJUNJING, 50 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 12
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 15 parts of LIJUNJING, 200 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 13
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 14 parts of sulfamonomethoxine sodium, 10 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 14
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 7 parts of sulfamonomethoxine sodium, 160 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 15
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 30 parts of sulfamonomethoxine sodium, 5 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 16
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 30 parts of sulfamonomethoxine sodium, 160 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 17
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 12 parts of florfenicols, 40 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 18
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 3 parts of florfenicols, 180 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 19
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 20 parts of florfenicols, 10 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Embodiment 20
A compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease, is comprised of the raw material of following weight ratio: 20 parts of florfenicols, 180 parts of Cortex Ilicis Rotundaes.
Above-described embodiment 1-embodiment 20 is prepared in accordance with the following methods: Cortex Ilicis Rotundae was pulverized after 60 mesh sieves, as basic material, then with pulverous antimicrobial drug by weight ratio put into blender and mix, and embodiment 2,6,10,16 and 19 is prepared into powder; Embodiment 1,5,9,15 and 18 is prepared into tablet, and embodiment 3,7,11,13 and 17 is prepared into oral liquid; Embodiment 4,8,12,14 and 20 is prepared into granule.
For the beneficial effect that illustrates that better the present invention can obtain, applicant has carried out following Application Example.
Application Example 1
The efficacy experiment of the compound of embodiment 1-embodiment 4 gained to chicken escherichia coil disease:
Clinical symptoms: Guangxi Yulin chicken house, 20 Day-old Broiler Chickens, there is fragmentary death in chicken group, cuts open the indivedual chickens of inspection and occur the pathological change of bag pericardium liver, typical bacillus coli feature.
Laboratory diagnosis: get pathologic liver and dye sheet, Gram’s staining, micro-Microscopic observation, the gram negative bacilli of red color visible; Tentatively be judged as bacillus coli.By escherichia coli, cultivate, biochemical test is differentiated, judges that chicken infects for bacillus coli, and pcr amplification, proves and produce the ESBLs drug resistant gene that has TEM type.
Test therapeutic regimen: morbidity chicken group is divided into 6 groups of administrations, use embodiment 1 according to the addition administration of 6.3g/kg feedstuff for first group, use embodiment 2 according to the addition administration of 1.2g/kg feedstuff for second group, use embodiment 3 according to the addition administration of 1.7g/kg feedstuff for the 3rd group, use embodiment 4 according to the addition administration of 0.3g/kg feedstuff for the 4th group; The 5th group with amoxicillin powder according to the addition administration of 0.12g/kg feedstuff, the 6th group with the thick powder of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to the addition administration of 1.08g/kg feedstuff; Above six groups of therapeutic regimens all continue to use 5 days.
Effect feedback: after the chicken group medication of first group to the 4th group, sick chicken feed intake rises, and no longer occurs dead chicken, continues to use 3 days, and chicken group be almost recovered; The chicken group medication of the 5th group is after 2 days, and chicken group majority is still unhealthy, still has indivedual chicken deaths, continues to use 3 days, and chicken death phenomenon is not still effectively controlled; The chicken group medication of the 6th group is after 2 days, and chicken group does not have too large remarkable improvement, continues to use 3 days, and chicken death phenomenon is not still effectively controlled.The visible compound curative effect that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae is better than folk prescription.
Application Example 2
The efficacy experiment of the compound of embodiment 9-embodiment 12 gained to diarrhea of weaned piglets:
Clinical symptoms: pig farm, Nanning, 36 age in days ablactational baby pig, this swinery after wean is turn-taked, starts to occur diarrhoea, draws watery stools, feces contains indigested feedstuff, pig material feeding but be exactly not grow, indivedual serious diarrhea of pigs dehydrations are dead, do not occur symptoms of emesis, raiser uses multi-medicament, and ideal effect does not all appear in treatment.
Cut open inspection pathological changes: the pig that dies of illness dehydration is more serious, visible eyes sink, cut open inspection after Intestinum Sus domestica wall poor, especially small intestinal rear end and colon position, intestinal mucosa comes off, intestinal wall is congested, hemorrhage.
Laboratory diagnosis: get pathologic liver and dye sheet, Gram’s staining, micro-Microscopic observation, the gram negative bacilli of red color visible; Tentatively be judged as bacillus coli.By escherichia coli, cultivate, biochemical test discriminating, judgement Infection in Piglets is bacillus coli, pcr amplification proves and produces the ESBLs drug resistant gene that has CTX-M type.
Test therapeutic regimen: morbidity swinery is divided 6 groups of administrations, use embodiment 9 according to the addition administration of 13g/kg feedstuff for first group, use embodiment 10 according to the addition administration of 3g/kg feedstuff for second group, use embodiment 11 according to the addition administration of 0.8g/kg feedstuff for the 3rd group, use embodiment 12 according to the addition administration of 2.7g/kg feedstuff for the 4th group; The 5th group with LIJUNJING powder according to the addition administration of 0.2g/kg feedstuff, the 6th group with the thick powder of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to the addition administration of 13g/kg feedstuff; Above six groups of therapeutic regimens all continue to use 5 days.
Result of use feedback: first group to the 4th group piglet medication is after 3 days, and swinery is no longer drawn watery stools, feces is shaped, and no longer contains feedstuff in feces, continues to use 2 days swinery recovery from illness; The 5th group of medication is after 3 days, and swinery is still unhealthy, continue to use 2 days, substantially get well, but still draw pasty state feces individually, but drug withdrawal is after 6 days, and recurrence appears in swinery; The 6th group of medication is after 3 days, and swinery, without remarkable improvement, continues to use 2 days, and dead individually, all the other still draw individually pasty state feces.The visible compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae is better than folk prescription LIJUNJING and folk prescription Cortex Ilicis Rotundae to swinery curative effect.
Application Example 3
The efficacy experiment of the compound of embodiment 5-embodiment 8 gained to the meat-type duck diarrhoea of 20 ages in days:
Clinical symptoms: duck field, Nanning, 20 age in days meat-type duck, duck group draws watery stools, has obvious indigested feedstuff in feces.A duck group material feeding is not but long, and the serious duck appearance foot gradually of suffering from diarrhoea is individually soft slowly dead.
Cut open inspection pathological changes: the duck that dies of illness dehydration is more serious, indivedual ducks are still very large, duck liver enlargement, hyperemia, and adularescent film on the liver of part duck, air bag is muddy, and tentative diagnosis is escherichia coli.
Test therapeutic regimen: morbidity duck group divides seven groups of administrations, use embodiment 5 according to the addition administration of 9g/kg feedstuff for first group, use embodiment 6 according to the addition administration of 1.4g/kg feedstuff for second group, use embodiment 7 according to the addition administration of 0.3g/kg feedstuff for the 3rd group, use embodiment 8 according to the addition administration of 1.2g/kg feedstuff for the 4th group; The 5th group with norfloxacin powder according to the addition administration of 0.15g/kg feedstuff, the 6th group of levofloxacin powder be according to the addition administration of 0.13g/kg feedstuff, the 7th group with the thick powder of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to the addition administration of 1.27g/kg feedstuff; Above seven groups of therapeutic regimens all continue to use 5 days.
Result of use feedback: first group to the 4th group medication is after 2 days, and sick duck is no longer drawn watery stools, feces is shaped, and no longer occurs dead duck, continues to use 3 days, and duck group be almost recovered; The 5th group and the 6th group of medication are after 2 days, and duck group DeGrain, much still draws watery stools, contain indigested feedstuff, continue to use 3 days some improvement a little, but not good thorough, rare watery stools still occurs, raiser cannot drug withdrawal to these two groups of ducks, have to use the compound of embodiment 6 gained instead, continue to use 2 days, just be almost recovered, re-use 1 day, feces all transfers to normally; The 7th group of medication is after 2 days, and duck does not have too large remarkable improvement, continues to use 3 days, and the duck phenomena of mortality are not still effectively controlled.The visible compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae is better than folk prescription to the curative effect of E. coli isolated from ducks.
Application Example 4
The efficacy experiment of the compound of embodiment 13-16 gained to the broiler diarrhoea of 25 ages in days:
Clinical symptoms: Liuzhou chicken house, 25 Day-old Broiler Chickens, chicken group draws watery stools, has obvious indigested feedstuff in feces.Indivedual serious chicken appearance feet gradually of suffering from diarrhoea are soft slowly dead.
Cut open inspection pathological changes: the chicken that dies of illness dehydration is more serious, Hepar Gallus domesticus enlargement, hyperemia, adularescent film on the liver of part chicken, air bag is muddy, and tentative diagnosis is escherichia coli.
Test therapeutic regimen: morbidity chicken group divides six groups of administrations, use embodiment 13 according to the addition administration of 2.7g/kg feedstuff for first group, use embodiment 14 according to the addition administration of 35g/kg feedstuff for second group, use embodiment 15 according to the addition administration of 1.6g/kg feedstuff for the 3rd group, use embodiment 16 according to the addition administration of 10g/kg feedstuff for the 4th group; The 5th group with sulfamonomethoxine sodium powder according to the addition administration of 2g/kg feedstuff, the 6th group with the thick powder of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to the addition administration of 35g/kg feedstuff; Above six groups of therapeutic regimens all continue to use 5 days.
Result of use feedback: first group to the 4th group medication is after 3 days, and sick chicken is no longer drawn watery stools, feces is shaped, and no longer occurs dead chicken, continues to use 2 days, and chicken group be almost recovered; The 5th group of medication is after 3 days, chicken group DeGrain, much still draw watery stools, contain indigested feedstuff, continue to use 2 days, some improvement a little, but thoroughly not good, rare watery stools still occurs, raiser uses the compound of embodiment 16 gained instead, continue to use 3 days, feces all transfers to normally; The 6th group of medication is after 3 days, and chicken does not have too large remarkable improvement, continues to use 2 days, and chicken death phenomenon is not still effectively controlled.The visible compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae is better than folk prescription to the curative effect of chicken colibacillosis.
Application Example 5
The efficacy experiment of embodiment 17-embodiment 20 compounds to the piglet diarrhea of 40 ages in days:
Clinical symptoms: pig farm, Nanning, 40 age in days piglets, this swinery after wean is turn-taked, starts to occur diarrhoea, draws watery stools, feces contains indigested feedstuff, pig material feeding but be exactly not grow, indivedual serious diarrhea of pigs dehydrations are dead, do not occur symptoms of emesis, raiser uses multi-medicament, and ideal effect does not all appear in treatment.
Cut open inspection pathological changes: after cuing open inspection, Intestinum Sus domestica wall is poor, especially small intestinal rear end and colon position, intestinal mucosa comes off, and intestinal wall is congested, hemorrhage.
Laboratory diagnosis: get pathologic liver and dye sheet, Gram’s staining, micro-Microscopic observation, the gram negative bacilli of red color visible; Tentatively be judged as bacillus coli.By escherichia coli, cultivate, biochemical test is differentiated, judges that piglets infects for bacillus coli, and pcr amplification, proves and produce the ESBLs drug resistant gene that has OXA type.
Test therapeutic regimen: morbidity swinery is divided 6 groups of administrations, use embodiment 17 according to the addition administration of 1g/kg feedstuff for first group, use embodiment 18 according to the addition administration of 15g/kg feedstuff for second group, use embodiment 19 according to the addition administration of 0.4g/kg feedstuff for the 3rd group, use embodiment 20 according to the addition administration of 2.4g/kg feedstuff for the 4th group; The 5th group with florfenicol powder according to the addition administration of 0.3g/kg feedstuff, the 6th group with the thick powder of Cortex Ilicis Rotundae according to the addition administration of 15g/kg feedstuff; Above six groups of therapeutic regimens all continue to use 5 days.
Result of use feedback: first group to the 4th group medication is after 2 days, and swinery is no longer drawn watery stools, feces is shaped, and no longer contains feedstuff in feces, continues to use 3 days swinery recovery from illness; The 5th group of medication is after 2 days, and swinery is still unhealthy, continue to use 3 days, substantially get well, but still draw pasty state feces individually, but drug withdrawal is after 3 days, and recurrence appears in swinery; The 6th group of medication is after 2 days, and swinery, without remarkable improvement, continues to use 3 days, and swinery continues to have loose bowels, and all the other are also more serious individually.The visible compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae is better than folk prescription florfenicol and folk prescription Cortex Ilicis Rotundae to swinery curative effect.
Claims (1)
1. a poultry compound that contains Cortex Ilicis Rotundae and LIJUNJING, is characterized in that, consists of: LIJUNJING 3-15 part, Cortex Ilicis Rotundae 50-200 part the raw material of following weight ratio.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410272514.2A CN104042651A (en) | 2013-03-18 | 2013-03-18 | Ovate leaf holly bark and mequindox containing compound composition for livestock and poultry |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410272514.2A CN104042651A (en) | 2013-03-18 | 2013-03-18 | Ovate leaf holly bark and mequindox containing compound composition for livestock and poultry |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201310085603.1A Division CN103127507B (en) | 2013-03-18 | 2013-03-18 | A kind of compound containing Cortex Ilicis Rotundae treatment poultry coli-infection disease |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109432260A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-08 | 广西大学 | Utilize the method for iron holly bark and rhizoma cyperi treatment animal bacteremia disease |
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| CN1125123A (en) * | 1995-08-21 | 1996-06-26 | 广西中兽药厂 | Anti-white-flux traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine compound preparation for domestic animal and fowl |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109432260A (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2019-03-08 | 广西大学 | Utilize the method for iron holly bark and rhizoma cyperi treatment animal bacteremia disease |
| CN109432260B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2021-09-28 | 广西大学 | Application of ovateleaf holly bark and rhizoma cyperi compound composition in preparation of medicines for treating bacteremia |
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Application publication date: 20140917 |