CN104041341A - Chinese jujube tree high-yield pruning method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a Chinese jujube tree high-yield pruning method, and relates to a fruit tree pruning method. The Chinese jujube tree high-yield pruning method is a special pruning method aiming at improving the yield and quality of Chinese jujube fruit on the basis of conventional pruning. Re-cutting back measures are taken for branches bearing fruit, a sprout is stimulated to germinate and sprout developmental branches, and perennial canes with poor fruit-bearing ability are thinned to decrease nutrient consumption caused by sprouting thin and delicate branches bearing fruit; robust growth vigor, photosynthetic and assimilational capacities, as well as the competition ability for nutrient and moisture of the developmental branches are fully used; the developmental branches are pinched in time after the number of the developmental branches or the branches bearing fruit reaches a certain degree, to decrease nutrient consumption caused by self morphogenesis, and accumulated nutrients are used for growth, flowering and fruiting and fruit development of the branches bearing fruit, so that the fruit-bearing rate, and the yield and evenness of Chinese jujube fruit are increased.

Description

A kind of jujube tree high yield trimming method

Technical field

The present invention relates to the trimming method of fruit tree, specifically a kind of jujube tree high yield trimming method.

Background technology

?jujube tree was pruned main pass through jujube tree pruning, skeleton branch cultivation, weak branch cleaning, the renewal of descending branch retraction etc. in the past; solve tree-like cultivation, branch group is cultivated and upgrade, the problem such as tree body rejuvenation, still not have so far specially for flower and fruit protecting, raising fruit-setting rate, the growth-promoting improving the yield and quality cutting back jujube head trimming method.

Summary of the invention

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides a kind of jujube tree high yield trimming method, on the basis of pruning in routine, increased the trimming method for jujube flower-retention fruit retention, to increase substantially fruit-setting rate of jujube tree, to improve output and the uniformity of jujube fruit.

For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A jujube tree high yield trimming method, prunes jujube tree enforcement routine, comprises that pruning, skeleton branch are cultivated, weak branch is cleared up, descending branch bounces back, and renewal, trunk or major branch are opened first, also comprise following shearing procedure:

1) in jujube tree, in resting stage, complete on the conventional basis of pruning of above-mentioned jujube tree, heavy cutting back Fruit basic branch removes the perennial bearing basal shoot that bearing capacity is low simultaneously, and the retraction degree of Fruit basic branch is determined according to tree body and branch group growth potential, breediness:

1. tree or weak branch group or large fruit kind a little less than, 1-2 strong prosperous Fruit basic branch of each branch group reservation, and to its heavy cutting back,

2. the growth potential golden mean of the Confucian school is set or branch group or medium fruit type kind, and each branch group retains the individual strong prosperous Fruit basic branch of 2-3, and to its heavy cutting back,

3. strong Wang Shu or Qiang Wangzhi group or small fruit type kind, each branch group retains 3-4 strong prosperous Fruit basic branch, and to its heavy cutting back;

2) on the Fruit basic branch after heavy cutting back after pumping developmental branch, treat that its length reaches pinching requirement and carries out in time pinching, bloom to the initial stage of bearing fruit, check that jujube hangs developmental state, remove depauperation jujube and hang, the jujube retaining on each developmental branch after pinching hangs quantity basis tree vigo(u)r and developmental branch growth potential, breediness are determined:

1. tree or thin and delicate developmental branch or large fruit kind a little less than, after pinching, each developmental branch retains 2-3 fruit bearing shoot,

2. the growth potential golden mean of the Confucian school is set or branch group or medium fruit type kind, and after pinching, each developmental branch retains 3-4 fruit bearing shoot,

3. strong Wang Shu or Qiang Wangzhi group or small fruit type kind, after pinching, each developmental branch retains 4-5 fruit bearing shoot;

3) strengthen the good extermination of disease and insect pest of jujube garden rich water quality management, coordinate jujube garden to put honeybee, spray the conventional measures such as foliar nutrition fertilizer, promote jujube really to grow.

The present invention has set forth a kind of jujube tree high yield trimming method, on the basis of conventional pruning, the special trimming method of carrying out for improving the yield and quality of jujube fruit, for Fruit basic branch, take heavy cutting back measure, stimulate positive bud to sprout pumping developmental branch, remove the perennial bearing basal shoot that bearing capacity is low, to reduce the nutrient consumption because of too much the thin and delicate fruit bearing shoot of pumping causes simultaneously; Make full use of the growth potential of jujube tree developmental branch stalwartness, vigorous photosynthesis assimilation ability and the competitive ability of nutrient and moisture; After developmental branch amount of growth or fruit bearing shoot quantity acquire a certain degree, in time developmental branch is carried out to pinching, to reduce the nutrient consumption of himself morphogenesis, by the nutrient of accumulation for fruit bearing shoot grow, bloom bear fruit, fruit development, improve output and the uniformity of fruit-setting rate, jujube fruit.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, describe the present invention:

A jujube tree high yield trimming method, prunes jujube tree enforcement routine, comprises that pruning, skeleton branch are cultivated, weak branch is cleared up, descending branch bounces back, and renewal, trunk or major branch are opened first, also comprise following shearing procedure:

1) in jujube tree, in resting stage, complete on the conventional basis of pruning of above-mentioned jujube tree, heavy cutting back Fruit basic branch removes the perennial bearing basal shoot that bearing capacity is low simultaneously, and the retraction degree of Fruit basic branch is determined according to tree body and branch group growth potential, breediness:

1. tree or weak branch group or large fruit kind a little less than, 1-2 strong prosperous Fruit basic branch of each branch group reservation, and to its heavy cutting back,

2. the growth potential golden mean of the Confucian school is set or branch group or medium fruit type kind, and each branch group retains the individual strong prosperous Fruit basic branch of 2-3, and to its heavy cutting back,

3. strong Wang Shu or Qiang Wangzhi group or small fruit type kind, each branch group retains 3-4 strong prosperous Fruit basic branch, and to its heavy cutting back;

2) on the Fruit basic branch after heavy cutting back after pumping developmental branch, treat that its length reaches pinching requirement and carries out in time pinching, bloom to the initial stage of bearing fruit, check that jujube hangs developmental state, remove depauperation jujube and hang, the jujube retaining on each developmental branch after pinching hangs quantity basis tree vigo(u)r and developmental branch growth potential, breediness are determined:

1. tree or thin and delicate developmental branch or large fruit kind a little less than, after pinching, each developmental branch retains 2-3 fruit bearing shoot,

2. the growth potential golden mean of the Confucian school is set or branch group or medium fruit type kind, and after pinching, each developmental branch retains 3-4 fruit bearing shoot,

3. strong Wang Shu or Qiang Wangzhi group or small fruit type kind, after pinching, each developmental branch retains 4-5 fruit bearing shoot;

3) strengthen the good extermination of disease and insect pest of jujube garden rich water quality management, coordinate jujube garden to put honeybee, spray the conventional measures such as foliar nutrition fertilizer, promote jujube really to grow.

Described heavy cutting back refers to according to tree body, branch group growth potential, breediness, clips the 1/2-2/3 of basal shoot length.

Described developmental branch pinching refers to according to tree vigo(u)r, developmental branch growth potential or breediness, when pumping some jujubes hang on developmental branch, in time developmental branch is carried out to pinching.

A specific embodiment of the present invention:

(1) kind: pear and date-printing blocks

(2) place: pear and date-printing blocks garden, continent village, Bu Zhuan town, Changyi City, Shandong Province, seeding row spacing 2m * 3m, the age of tree 12 years

(3) time: carry out pinching processing in May, 2012-July, investigation was grown, beared fruit and fruit quality on October-5 on the 1st.

(4) pinching processing and experimental scheme: the jujube tree before extremely germinateing after fallen leaves is in resting stage, complete on the conventional basis of pruning of jujube tree, heavy cutting back Fruit basic branch, removes aged bearing basal shoot, to stimulate a large amount of pumping developmental branches, avoid aged bearing basal shoot pumping fruit bearing shoot.Late May reaches 50cm when above until jujube head length, starts at interval of within 10 days, carrying out the pinching of jujube head, and relatively the different pinching times of jujube head (length is stayed in different pinching) hang growth, bear fruit and the impact of jujube fruit matter jujube, take not pinching as contrast, totally 6 processing.Each processes 10 strains, repeats randomized arrangement 3 times.

(5) result of the test: from following table, find out, the pear and date-printing blocks pinching time with aobvious flower bud phase to mid-June of late May full-bloom stage be advisable, pinching stays a length 60-80cm to be advisable, and retains 3-5 jujube and hang and be advisable on each jujube head.Within whole experimental period, each jujube hangs fruiting quantities, single plant yield and stays after with pinching time retardation or pinching a length to increase to reduce.In addition, carry out after jujube head pinching pruning technique, jujube fruit shape is mellow and full, and the maturing stage postpones to concentrate, and one-level fruit rate improves more than 70% than contrast.

The subordinate list jujube head pinching time (pinching of jujube head retains length) is hung growth and fruit-setting rate impact on jujube

Certainly, above-mentioned explanation is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited in above-mentioned giving an example, and the variation that those skilled in the art make in essential scope of the present invention, remodeling, interpolation or replacement, also should belong to protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. a jujube tree high yield trimming method, prunes jujube tree enforcement routine, comprises that pruning, skeleton branch are cultivated, weak branch is cleared up, descending branch bounces back, and renewal, trunk or major branch are opened first, it is characterized in that, also comprise following shearing procedure:

1) in jujube tree, in resting stage, complete on the conventional basis of pruning of above-mentioned jujube tree, heavy cutting back Fruit basic branch removes the perennial bearing basal shoot that bearing capacity is low simultaneously, and the retraction degree of Fruit basic branch is determined according to tree body and branch group growth potential, breediness:

1. tree or weak branch group or large fruit kind a little less than, 1-2 strong prosperous Fruit basic branch of each branch group reservation, and to its heavy cutting back,

2. the growth potential golden mean of the Confucian school is set or branch group or medium fruit type kind, and each branch group retains the individual strong prosperous Fruit basic branch of 2-3, and to its heavy cutting back,

3. strong Wang Shu or Qiang Wangzhi group or small fruit type kind, each branch group retains 3-4 strong prosperous Fruit basic branch, and to its heavy cutting back;

2) on the Fruit basic branch after heavy cutting back after pumping developmental branch, treat that its length reaches pinching requirement and carries out in time pinching, bloom to the initial stage of bearing fruit, check that jujube hangs developmental state, remove depauperation jujube and hang, the jujube retaining on each developmental branch after pinching hangs quantity basis tree vigo(u)r and developmental branch growth potential, breediness are determined:

1. tree or thin and delicate developmental branch or large fruit kind a little less than, after pinching, each developmental branch retains 2-3 fruit bearing shoot,

2. the growth potential golden mean of the Confucian school is set or branch group or medium fruit type kind, and after pinching, each developmental branch retains 3-4 fruit bearing shoot,

3. strong Wang Shu or Qiang Wangzhi group or small fruit type kind, after pinching, each developmental branch retains 4-5 fruit bearing shoot;

3) strengthen the good extermination of disease and insect pest of jujube garden rich water quality management, coordinate jujube garden to put honeybee, spray the conventional measures such as foliar nutrition fertilizer, promote jujube really to grow.