CN104039169B - 提取棕榈油中植物营养素的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种提取棕榈油中微量组分的方法。所述微量组分被称为植物营养素。所述微量组分诸如是胡萝卜素、母育酚、生育酚和生育三烯酚、甾醇、角鲨烯、辅酶Q、磷脂和糖脂。所述提取方法包括如下步骤：i)将棕榈油与醇和催化剂混合，(ii)使用频率为200MHz至300GHz的微波对步骤i)得到的混合物进行加热；(iii)将步骤(ii)得到的混合物10冷却至室温；(iv)向步骤(iii)得到的混合物中加入非极性溶剂，并对混合物进行搅拌，其中形成了顶层和底层；(v)用非极性溶剂对底层进行搅拌；(vi)对步骤(v)中形成的底层和加入非极性溶剂并搅拌后形成的随后的底层重复步骤(v)，直至上层变为浅黄色；(vii)对步骤(iv)、(v)和(vi)得到的上层进行干燥。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种提取棕榈油中植物营养素的方法。
背景技术
粗加工棕榈油(CPO)由99％的甘油酯和脂肪酸以及1％的微量组分组成。CPO中常见的微量组分是胡萝卜素、母育酚、生育酚和生育三烯酚、甾醇、角鲨烯、辅酶Q10、磷脂和糖脂。因为已经发现微量组分显示出了有益的健康特性，如抗氧化和抗癌，所以微量组分也被称为植物营养素。可以采用多种方法从CPO提取和回收微量组分。然而，这些方法需要冗长且耗时的过程。因此，较快速的方法有助于棕榈微量组分的提取与回收。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种提取棕榈油中微量组分的方法。所述微量组分被称为植物营养素。所述植物营养素包括胡萝卜素、母育酚、生育酚和生育三烯酚、甾醇、角鲨烯、辅酶Q10、磷脂和糖脂。
提取植物营养素的方法包括如下步骤：i)将棕榈油与醇溶液和碱催化剂混合，(ii)使用频率为200MHz至300GHz的微波对步骤i)得到的混合物进行加热1至20分钟；(iii)将步骤(ii)得到的混合物冷却至室温；(iv)向步骤(iii)得到的混合物中加入非极性溶剂，并对混合物进行搅拌，其中形成了顶层和底层；(v)用非极性溶剂对底层进行搅拌；(vi)对步骤(v)中形成的底层和加入非极性溶剂并搅拌后形成的随后的底层重复步骤(v)，直至上层变为浅黄色；(vii)对步骤(iv)、(v)和(vi)得到的上层进行干燥。
对混合物进行搅拌并且静置之后，形成了两层。上层置于一边，用非极性溶剂对下层再次进行搅拌。重复这一步骤直至再提取部分的上层变为浅黄色。然后，将得到的所有上层合并到一起，并干燥至水分含量为0％。干燥的部分由微量组分组成。微量组分是胡萝卜素、母育酚(生育酚和生育三烯酚)、甾醇和角鲨烯。
醇溶液选自乙醇，甲醇，或者乙醇和甲醇的组合。碱催化剂选自氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠。非极性溶剂选自己烷、庚烷或环己烷。
具体实施方式
本发明涉及一种提取棕榈油中微量组分的方法。所述微量组分诸如是胡萝卜素、母育酚、生育酚和生育三烯酚、甾醇、角鲨烯、辅酶Q10、磷脂和糖脂。所述微量组分被称为植物营养素。在下文中，本说明书将根据本发明的优选具体实施方式来描述本发明。然而，应理解的是，说明书只对本发明优选具体实施方式进行描述，这只是为了便于对本发明进行讨论，并且可以想象到的是，本领域技术人员在不脱离权利要求范围的前提下可以作出各种修改与等同替代。
首先，粗加工棕榈油与醇溶液和碱催化剂混合。然后，混合物在微波加热下进行反应数分钟(1-20分钟)。使用频率范围为200MHz至300GHz的微波进行微波加热。粗加工棕榈油与醇溶液和碱催化剂发生反应，粗加工棕榈油转变为酯。然后，通过溶剂提取，从微波加热后得到的混合物中提取微量组分，即保持未反应的植物营养素。
微波加热之后，将混合物冷却至室温，然后，加入已知量(约100mL)的非极性溶剂。搅拌，静置放置，混合物形成两层，其中上层置于一边，用非极性溶剂对下层进行再提取直至其变为浅黄色。然后，用水洗涤合并的上层，并干燥至水分含量为0％。干燥的部分由所述微量组分组成。
醇溶液选自乙醇，甲醇，或者乙醇和甲醇的组合。任何醇溶液均能够用于本发明中。碱催化剂选自氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠。非极性溶剂选自己烷、庚烷或环己烷。
实施例
实施例1
在平圆底烧瓶中，将30mL的无水乙醇和5mL的50％氢氧化钾加入到5.0g粗加工棕榈油中。然后，将混合物置于800瓦特、2450MHz的微波炉中。然后，混合物在微波中反应6分钟。之后，将混合物冷却至室温。将100mL己烷加入到混合物中，搅拌，静置放置。然后，形成两层。将上层置于一边，用己烷对下层再次进行搅拌。重复这一步骤直至再提取部分的上层变为浅黄色。然后，将得到的所有上层合并，并干燥。干燥的部分含有如表1所示的微量组分。
表1：干燥的部分中回收的微量组分
| 微量组分 | 浓度(ppm) |
| 胡萝卜素 | 2810 |
| 母育酚(生育酚和生育三烯酚) | 24189 |
| 角鲨烯 | 10127 |
| 甾醇 | 6375 |
实施例2
在平圆底烧瓶中，将30mL的无水乙醇和5mL的50％氢氧化钾加入到5.0g粗加工棕榈油中。然后，将混合物置于600瓦特、2450MHz的微波炉中。然后，混合物在微波中反应5分钟。之后，将混合物冷却至室温。将100mL己烷加入到混合物中，搅拌，静置放置。然后，形成两层。将上层置于一边，用己烷对下层再次进行搅拌。重复这一步骤直至再提取部分的上层变为浅黄色。然后，将得到的所有上层合并，并干燥。干燥的部分含有如表2所示的微量组分。
表2：干燥的部分中回收的微量组分
| 微量组分 | 浓度(ppm) |
| 胡萝卜素 | 2490 |
| 母育酚(生育酚和生育三烯酚) | 52688 |
| 角鲨烯 | 10127 |
| 甾醇 | 30580 |
实施例3
在平圆底烧瓶中，将30mL的无水乙醇和5mL的50％氢氧化钾加入到5.0g粗加工棕榈油中。然后，将混合物置于600瓦特、2450MHz的微波炉中。然后，混合物在微波中反应4分钟。之后，将混合物冷却至室温。将100mL己烷加入到混合物中，搅拌，静置放置。然后，形成两层。将上层置于一边，用己烷对下层再次进行搅拌。重复这一步骤直至再提取部分的上层变为浅黄色。然后，将得到的所有上层合并，并干燥。干燥的部分含有如表3所示的微量组分。
表3：干燥的部分中回收的微量组分
| 微量组分 | 浓度(ppm) |
| 胡萝卜素 | 2980 |
| 母育酚(生育酚和生育三烯酚) | 63825 |
| 角鲨烯 | 12839 |
| 甾醇 | 41715 |
实施例4
在平圆底烧瓶中，将30mL的无水乙醇和5mL的50％氢氧化钠加入到5.0g粗加工棕榈油中。然后，将混合物置于400瓦特、2450MHz的微波炉中。然后，混合物在微波中反应20分钟。之后，将混合物冷却至室温。将100mL己烷加入到混合物中，搅拌，静置放置。然后，形成两层。将上层置于一边，用庚烷对下层再次进行搅拌。重复这一步骤直至再提取部分的上层变为浅黄色。然后，将得到的所有上层合并，并干燥。干燥的部分含有如表4所示的微量组分。
表4：干燥的部分中回收的微量组分
| 微量组分 | 浓度(ppm) |
| 胡萝卜素 | 1995 |
| 母育酚(生育酚和生育三烯酚) | 79829 |
| 角鲨烯 | 10143 |
| 甾醇 | 28499 |
Claims (5)
1.一种提取棕榈油中植物营养素的方法，该方法包括如下步骤：
i)将棕榈油与醇溶液和碱催化剂混合；
ii)使用频率为200MHz至300GHz的微波对步骤i)得到的混合物进行加热1至20分钟；
iii)冷却步骤(ii)得到的混合物；以及
iv)将非极性溶剂加入到步骤(iii)得到的混合物中，对混合物进行搅拌，其中形成了顶层和底层；
v)用非极性溶剂对底层进行搅拌；以及
vi)对步骤(v)中形成的底层和加入非极性溶剂并搅拌后形成的随后的底层重复步骤(v)，直至上层变为浅黄色；
vii)对步骤(iv)、(v)和(vi)得到的上层进行干燥；
其中，所述植物营养素包括胡萝卜素、母育酚、生育酚和生育三烯酚、甾醇、角鲨烯、辅酶Q10、磷脂和糖脂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的提取棕榈油中植物营养素的方法，其中，所述醇溶液选自乙醇，甲醇，或者乙醇和甲醇的组合。
3.根据权利要求1所述的提取棕榈油中植物营养素的方法，其中，所述碱催化剂选自氢氧化钾或氢氧化钠。
4.根据权利要求1所述的提取棕榈油中植物营养素的方法，其中，所述非极性溶剂选自己烷、庚烷或环己烷。
5.权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法提取到的植物营养素。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| MYPI2011005478 | 2011-11-11 | ||
| MYPI2011005478 | 2011-11-11 | ||
| PCT/MY2012/000269 WO2013070058A1 (en) | 2011-11-11 | 2012-11-09 | A process for extracting phytonutrients in palm oil |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104039169A CN104039169A (zh) | 2014-09-10 |
| CN104039169B true CN104039169B (zh) | 2016-06-29 |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104039169B (zh) |
| MY (1) | MY192728A (zh) |
| SG (1) | SG11201402286SA (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2013070058A1 (zh) |
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| MY178344A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2020-10-08 | Malaysian Palm Oil Board | A proses to enhance the concentration of tocols from palm oil |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6610867B2 (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2003-08-26 | Renessen Llc | Corn oil processing and products comprising corn oil and corn meal obtained from corn |
| US20050101820A1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2005-05-12 | May Choo Y. | Recovery of palm phytonutrients |
| US20050250953A1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2005-11-10 | May Choo Y | Extraction of palm vitamin E, phytosterols and squalene from palm oil |
| US7161055B2 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2007-01-09 | Malaysian Palm Oil Board | Method of extracting and isolating minor components from vegetable oil |
| CN1964960A (zh) * | 2003-11-19 | 2007-05-16 | 卡洛科技公司 | 从油的植物营养素还原法 |
-
2012
- 2012-11-09 SG SG11201402286SA patent/SG11201402286SA/en unknown
- 2012-11-09 CN CN201280055427.0A patent/CN104039169B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-11-09 WO PCT/MY2012/000269 patent/WO2013070058A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-11-09 MY MYPI2015000742A patent/MY192728A/en unknown
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6610867B2 (en) * | 2000-08-10 | 2003-08-26 | Renessen Llc | Corn oil processing and products comprising corn oil and corn meal obtained from corn |
| US20050101820A1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2005-05-12 | May Choo Y. | Recovery of palm phytonutrients |
| US20050250953A1 (en) * | 2002-08-20 | 2005-11-10 | May Choo Y | Extraction of palm vitamin E, phytosterols and squalene from palm oil |
| US7161055B2 (en) * | 2002-11-27 | 2007-01-09 | Malaysian Palm Oil Board | Method of extracting and isolating minor components from vegetable oil |
| CN1964960A (zh) * | 2003-11-19 | 2007-05-16 | 卡洛科技公司 | 从油的植物营养素还原法 |
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| SG11201402286SA (en) | 2014-10-30 |
| MY192728A (en) | 2022-09-05 |
| WO2013070058A1 (en) | 2013-05-16 |
| CN104039169A (zh) | 2014-09-10 |
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