CN1040356C - 用于高压流体的管子 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种管子,包括一多层结构的内芯(2),内芯的外层由聚酰胺或EVOH制成以提供有效的抗渗功能,还包括可耐压的外部加强件。外部加强件包括至少一个绕于内芯(2)上的纤维织物加强结构(4)、一外层覆(7)、和至少一层用于将加强结构(4)粘结于内芯(2)上的粘结剂(3、5),该粘结剂从聚氨酯或聚酰胺热熔性粘结剂及热固性聚酯中选出。
Description
本发明涉及一种用于高压流体的管子,尤其是用于传送诸如制冷机流体之类的相态会改变的流体的管子。
目前用于制冷机流体如氟氯烷即氟利昂(最新的一种名为R134a)的管子是由多层弹性体制成的,弹性体中夹有加强件,这些加强件是在硫化过程中固定于各弹性层上的。
这类管子中的某些型号具有一由塑性材料如聚酰胺所形成的管的内衬,用以增加管壁对所传送制冷机流体的抗渗性,不管所传送的流体是液态的还是气态的。
这类管子的一个主要的缺点在于其重量、体积和缺少柔性。
本发明利用把对制冷机流体起抗掺作用的防渗部分同起承载压力作用的耐压部分相分离的方法来克服上述缺点。因此,本发明提出一种具有多层起防渗功能的内芯和起承载压力作用的外侧部分的管子。
内芯的特性,尤其是其外层的材料的特性,限制了管子外侧部分的制造。通常,所述的外表面是一种实际上不可能在其上粘结纤维织物加强结构的聚酰胺材料。经过多次试验,本发明提出一种专门的在所述内部结构同纤维织物加强件之间的粘结剂,它不仅具有很高的质量,而且即使是在高温和高压下,管子也能用相对比较薄的壁来制造,因而使其具有很大的柔韧性。
为此,本发明提供了一种管子,它包括一内芯,其外部结构由聚酰胺制成,具有有效的抗掺功能和能承载压力的外部加强件,该加强件包括一绕于内芯上的诸如编织物之类的纤维织物加强结构、一以聚烯烃或聚丙丁烯为主要成分的热塑性橡胶材料的外覆层、和至少一种用于确保至少所述纤维织物结构同内芯之间结合的粘结剂。由于内芯的外表面同所用的纤维结构(芳香族聚酰胺或聚酯)特性之间相容性较低,通过多次试验发现,有效的粘结剂应为热熔性聚氨酯、或热熔性聚酰胺、或热固性聚酯。
内芯最好是包括三层聚酰胺,外层由聚酰胺弹性体制成,如由瑞士苏黎士的EMS CHEMIE AG开发的ELY 60或ELX 23NZ型的共聚多酰胺弹性体。内芯是利用共挤压法制成,它有效地解决了既要在柔软的管子中传送制冷机流体,同时又要保持优良的抗渗性和耐化学性的问题。它也可以在两聚酰胺层之间或这两层的外侧设一共挤压成的E.V.O.H.层。
在第一种方法中,制外部加强件时是将热熔性聚酰胺或聚氨酯或是热固性聚酯挤压于内芯上,而后装上纤维织物结构(绕在上面的由芳香族聚酰胺或聚酯纤维制成的编织物之类),然后再于其上挤压第二层热熔性聚酰胺或聚氨酯或者热固性聚酯,最好同时挤压马来酸以加强与热塑性橡胶材料外层之间的粘结。
在另一种方法中,只在内芯和纤维织物结构之间设置一层粘结剂。或者,在另一种改变的形式中,可将粘结剂设于纤维织物结构同外层或内芯之间,只要所述粘结剂的粘度能允许它渗过纤维织物结构而到达内芯或外层。
当纤维织物结构是由片状纤维织物制成时,就只要将一层粘结剂粘置于两片依次按相反方向缠绕于内芯上的纤维织物之间就可以。
如果需要管子的刚性大一些,则可用一层聚酰胺来代替热塑性橡胶;在这种情况下,马来酸就不是必需的了。
在另一有所变化的实施例中,将一以纤维为主要材料的、已预先浸渍过热熔性聚酰胺或聚氨酯或是热固性聚酯的纤维织物结构绕在中间内芯上。在这种情况下,内芯、纤维织物和外层之间粘结质量比较差一些,但成本较低,并且这种粘结在某些情况下也是足够的。
本发明其他的特点和优点将通过下面对举例说明用的实施例的描述而变得更为清楚。
附图的简要说明:
图1示出了组成本发明第一个实施例的管子的各层;
图2、3和4为图1所示实施例的变型。
图1中的管子1包括一基本上由多层聚酰胺层构成的内芯2,例如由三层:即一厚度约为0.35mm的内聚酰胺层、一厚度约为0.2mm的中间聚酰胺弹性体层和一厚度约为0.45mm的外聚酰胺层6,内芯由共挤压形成为一厚度约为1mm的管状壁。
此外,本发明的管子包括一挤压于内芯上的热熔性聚酰胺层,或热熔性聚氨酯层,或热固性聚酯层3,其上设有一纤维编织层4,该纤维可以由聚酯或芳香族聚酰胺制成,如Kevlar(注册商标)。
层5与层3是相同的,即它是一层热熔性聚酰胺或聚氨酯或者热固性聚酯,通过共挤压由一层马来酸覆盖,马来酸用于加强中间层与由以聚烯烃或聚丙丁烯为主要成分的热塑性橡胶制成的外层7之间的粘结。层3和层5的厚度大约是5/100mm到1/10mm。层7的厚度在1mm到2mm的范围内。马来酸层约百分之几毫米厚。
值得注意的是,采用诸如热熔性聚氨酯或聚酰胺或热固性聚酯之类的粘结剂的优点在于:它们能在大大高于以溶剂为主要成分的粘结剂所能承受的温度的情况下(150℃-200℃),提供较高的强度和性能。
图2示出了本发明管子的另一实施例。其中,粘结剂层5被省去,仅有层3。在一些情况下,适当选择粘结剂的粘度以使其能穿过纤维织物结构4的间隙而到达外层7,必要时通过马来酸层6。更确切地说,管子是由一单层3和不允许本发明的粘结剂穿过的,紧密的加强件4制成的。这种结构的优点就在于它能在35巴的压力和135℃的温度下保持其机械和抗渗性能。因此,多层内芯就包括一由瑞士的一家公司EMS CHEMIE AG制造的改性聚酰胺ELX23NZ材料的外层、位于内芯和加强件之间的粘结剂可以是NATIONALSTARK的Purfect 254或413的可交联聚氨酯粘结剂,加强层是由AKZO的DIOLEN 855T材料的1440 dtex聚酯纤维织物,位于所述加强件和热塑弹性体材料的外层之间的粘结剂可以是EXXON的PO 1015F的马来酸产品,热塑弹性体为SANTOPREN型的,AES的EPDM聚丙烯(101-64)和DSM的丁基聚丙烯均适用。该粘结剂用已知的方法通过热水进行交联。
图3示出了制造本发明的管子的另一种方法。粘结剂层3被省去,仅剩下层5,其粘度选定为能使它穿过纤维织物结构4上的间隙而到达内芯2。
最后,图4表示一利用将两片纤维材料4a和4b先后绕制而制成的纤维织物结构,它们是以相反的方向围着内芯轴绕的。在这种情况下,粘结剂可以是置于构成一编织物的两片纤维材料4a和4b之间的单层粘结剂8,粘结剂至少能渗透到达内芯。
在本发明管子的又一实施例中,层3和5被省去,编织或纺织成的织物加强件4直接由热熔性材料浸渍。这样,粘结便被自然地限制在加强件4同内芯2或外层7的接触点处,外部的粘结通过加马来酸6解决。
在某些使用中,希望有一聚酰胺的外层,以使管子具有较大的刚性,这样,在热熔性聚按酯(或聚酰胺)同外层之间就无需马来酸。
最后,内芯的结构也可以用共挤压法加入一EVOH层,EVOH是一种为人们所熟知的材料,它能有效地防止某些汽油成分的渗透。EVOH层可设于多层聚酰胺的外面,由于它与纤维织物加强结构和丁基聚丙烯或热塑橡胶的柔性外层同样很难相容和相粘结,因此本发明的方法也适用。
本发明可提供重量较轻、直径较小,并在抗渗和耐高温(135℃)高压(35巴)方面具有优良性能的管子。
Claims (8)
1.一种管子,包括一多层结构的内芯(2),内芯的外层由聚酰胺或E.V.O.H.制成以提供有效的抗渗功能,还包括可耐压的外部加强件,该外部加强件包括至少一个绕于内芯(2)上的纤维织物加强结构(4)和一外覆层(7),其特征在于,用于将加强结构(4)粘结于内芯(2)上的一粘结剂(3)是从聚氨酯或聚酰胺热熔性粘结剂及热固性聚酯中选出。
2.如权利要求1所述的管子,其特征在于,纤维织物结构(4)通过一种热熔性聚氨酯而粘结于其任一侧的层上。
3.如权利要求1所述的管子,其特征在于,纤维织物结构(4)通过一种热熔性聚酰胺而粘结于其任一侧的层上。
4.如权利要求2或3所述的管子,其特征在于,它在用于将纤维织物结构(4)粘结于外覆层(7)上的粘结剂与外覆层(7)之间具有一层马来酸(6)。
5.如权利要求1所述的管子,其特征在于,用于将纤维织物结构(4)粘结于外覆层(7)上的粘结剂由一层马来酸(6)单独构成。
6.如权利要求1所述的管子,其特征在于,中心管状内芯(2)是由共挤压多层聚酰胺层和一E.V.O.H.层而得到的。
7.如权利要求6所述的管子,其特征在于,E.V.O.H.层是夹于两聚酰胺层之间的。
8.如权利要求6所述的管子,其特征在于,E.V.O.H.层位于内芯(2)的外侧。
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Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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FR93/13360 | 1993-11-09 | ||
FR9313360A FR2712370B1 (fr) | 1993-11-09 | 1993-11-09 | Canalisation pour fluide de réfrigération. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1134743A CN1134743A (zh) | 1996-10-30 |
CN1040356C true CN1040356C (zh) | 1998-10-21 |
Family
ID=9452677
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN94194033A Expired - Fee Related CN1040356C (zh) | 1993-11-09 | 1994-11-07 | 用于高压流体的管子 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5706865A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0728273B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH09504594A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1040356C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE166144T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU8147494A (zh) |
DE (1) | DE69410288T2 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2117383T3 (zh) |
FR (1) | FR2712370B1 (zh) |
MY (1) | MY131715A (zh) |
TW (1) | TW332169B (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1995013494A1 (zh) |
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AU2003903948A0 (en) * | 2003-07-30 | 2003-08-14 | Ezytube Pty Limted | Multi-layer tube of improved tensile strength |
JP2005129363A (ja) * | 2003-10-23 | 2005-05-19 | Nitta Moore Co | 燃料電池用純水配管 |
ITMI20040704A1 (it) * | 2004-04-08 | 2004-07-08 | Guala Closures Spa | Struttura di tubo ad elevata flessibilita' e resistenza termica e a bassa permeabilita' |
EP1609590A1 (de) * | 2004-06-22 | 2005-12-28 | TI Automotive (Heidelberg) GmbH | Kunststoffrohr, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunststoffrohres und Verwendung eines Kunststoffrohres |
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US7479299B2 (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2009-01-20 | Honeywell International Inc. | Methods of forming high strength coatings |
ITTO20050370A1 (it) * | 2005-05-31 | 2006-12-01 | Errecinque S R L | Tubo multistrato per impianti di condizionamento aria e refrigerazione |
CN100389283C (zh) * | 2006-07-12 | 2008-05-21 | 张春建 | 一种油田用聚脂耐酸超高压复合管及其制备工艺 |
FR2911380B1 (fr) * | 2007-01-17 | 2009-10-02 | Coutier Moulage Gen Ind | Canalisation pour le transport de fluide. |
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US20110101686A1 (en) * | 2009-10-30 | 2011-05-05 | Pipelife Nederland B.V. | Coupling construction for high-pressure pipe |
ITTO20100773A1 (it) * | 2010-09-22 | 2012-03-23 | Dytech Dynamic Fluid Tech Spa | Tubazione per un circuito scr di un veicolo |
JP5974487B2 (ja) * | 2012-01-11 | 2016-08-23 | セイコーエプソン株式会社 | 衛星信号捕捉方法及び衛星信号捕捉装置 |
NZ700922A (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2016-10-28 | Purapipe Holding Ltd | Multilayer pipeline in a polymer material, device for manufacture of the multilayer pipeline and a method for manufacturing the multilayer pipeline |
ES1137283Y (es) * | 2015-02-20 | 2015-06-01 | Tubos Neupex S A | Recubrimiento protector para tuberias plasticas |
CA3073695A1 (en) * | 2017-08-25 | 2019-02-28 | Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. | Multi-layer, flexible tubular article for fuel line applications |
DE102018102445A1 (de) * | 2018-02-05 | 2019-08-08 | Rehau Ag + Co | Schlauch |
CN109013471A (zh) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-18 | 安徽京冠派克流体科技有限公司 | 一种便于安装的清洗用水管 |
DE102019203254A1 (de) * | 2019-03-11 | 2020-09-17 | CONTITECH KüHNER GMBH & CIE KG | Kältemittelschlauch |
CN110594496B (zh) * | 2019-03-30 | 2021-03-09 | 河北汇锐管业有限公司 | 一种耐高压防渗透的保温复合管道及其制备方法 |
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US4444700A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1984-04-24 | Champion Spark Plug Company | Method for manufacturing reinforced hose |
EP0294181A2 (en) * | 1987-06-01 | 1988-12-07 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Hose construction |
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US4907625A (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1990-03-13 | Tokai Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Refregerant transporting hose |
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JPH0232515B2 (ja) * | 1983-10-27 | 1990-07-20 | Toyoda Gosei Kk | Purasuchitsukuhoosunoseizohoho |
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JPH0351596A (ja) * | 1989-07-18 | 1991-03-05 | Nitta Ind Corp | 冷媒用ホース |
FR2663339A1 (fr) * | 1990-06-14 | 1991-12-20 | Atochem | Films a base d'elastomere(s) thermoplastiques a base de polyamide et de copolyolefine(s) modifiees aptes au collage, materiaux composites obtenus a partir des dits films. |
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-
1993
- 1993-11-09 FR FR9313360A patent/FR2712370B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1994
- 1994-10-29 TW TW083110031A patent/TW332169B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-11-07 DE DE69410288T patent/DE69410288T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-07 JP JP7512897A patent/JPH09504594A/ja active Pending
- 1994-11-07 AU AU81474/94A patent/AU8147494A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1994-11-07 ES ES95900798T patent/ES2117383T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-07 WO PCT/FR1994/001287 patent/WO1995013494A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1994-11-07 AT AT95900798T patent/ATE166144T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-11-07 CN CN94194033A patent/CN1040356C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-07 US US08/633,736 patent/US5706865A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-07 EP EP95900798A patent/EP0728273B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-09 MY MYPI94002975A patent/MY131715A/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
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US4444700A (en) * | 1982-09-29 | 1984-04-24 | Champion Spark Plug Company | Method for manufacturing reinforced hose |
EP0294181A2 (en) * | 1987-06-01 | 1988-12-07 | The Yokohama Rubber Co., Ltd. | Hose construction |
US4842024A (en) * | 1987-07-21 | 1989-06-27 | Harvard Industries, Inc. | Composite hose for conveying refrigerant fluids in automotive air-conditioned systems |
US4907625A (en) * | 1987-12-28 | 1990-03-13 | Tokai Rubber Industries, Ltd. | Refregerant transporting hose |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN1517459B (zh) * | 2003-01-21 | 2011-06-08 | 乔马拉特合成物股份公司 | 在需要强化的机械构件上捆扎单向织物强化外层覆盖物 |
CN1295457C (zh) * | 2003-10-10 | 2007-01-17 | 丰田合成株式会社 | 加强软管 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO1995013494A1 (fr) | 1995-05-18 |
AU8147494A (en) | 1995-05-29 |
CN1134743A (zh) | 1996-10-30 |
DE69410288T2 (de) | 1998-12-17 |
EP0728273B1 (fr) | 1998-05-13 |
MY131715A (en) | 2007-08-30 |
DE69410288D1 (de) | 1998-06-18 |
US5706865A (en) | 1998-01-13 |
ES2117383T3 (es) | 1998-08-01 |
JPH09504594A (ja) | 1997-05-06 |
EP0728273A1 (fr) | 1996-08-28 |
TW332169B (en) | 1998-05-21 |
FR2712370A1 (fr) | 1995-05-19 |
FR2712370B1 (fr) | 1996-01-19 |
ATE166144T1 (de) | 1998-05-15 |
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