CN104034443A - Fiber Bragg gating temperature sensor and sensitivity enhancement method thereof - Google Patents
Fiber Bragg gating temperature sensor and sensitivity enhancement method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104034443A CN104034443A CN201410284111.XA CN201410284111A CN104034443A CN 104034443 A CN104034443 A CN 104034443A CN 201410284111 A CN201410284111 A CN 201410284111A CN 104034443 A CN104034443 A CN 104034443A
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Abstract
Disclosed are a fiber Bragg gating temperature sensor and a sensitivity enhancement method thereof. The fiber Bragg gating temperature sensor comprises a fiber laser system and a four-wave mixing frequency chirp amplification system with all-optical signal processing. The fiber laser system adopts fiber Bragg gating as a narrow-band filtering unit. The fiber laser system comprises the fiber Bragg gating, an optical amplifier and an optical fiber resonant cavity. The frequency chirp amplification system comprises a single-frequency laser, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a non-linear element and a filter. By the all-optical signal processing, efficiency amplification of the frequency chirp is realized, and by the temperature sensor with the ultra-high temperature sensitivity achieved from the common single-mode fiber Bragg gating, the temperature sensitivity of the common fiber Bragg gating is increased with double amplitude.
Description
Technical field
What the present invention relates to is a kind of device and method of optical detection apparatus technical field, specifically a kind of highly sensitive bragg grating (FBG) temperature sensor and temperature control Enhancement Method.
Background technology
In recent years, Fibre Optical Sensor is due to its radioresistance, anti-interference, anticorrosive, low-cost, microminiature, the advantage such as pollution-free, safe and reliable, in field widely, is applied.Especially, adopt the Fibre Optical Sensor of bragg grating (FBG) can realize highly sensitive temperature, strain measurement, thereby can monitor, build for high temperature the deformation detection etc. of health monitoring, security against fire monitoring, dam bridge.
In general, adopt the bragg grating of conventional single mode fiber can access temperature control [the K.T.V.Grattan and T.Sun of 13pm/ ℃, " Fiber optic sensor technology:an overview, " Sens.Actuators 82,40 – 60 (2000)].The temperature-responsive of bragg grating comes from the change of grid cycle in the change of index modulation of grating and optical fiber.Therefore, by changing the material of optical fiber, or optical fiber structure, even fiber grating write method processed, can improve to a certain extent your temperature control of optical fiber spacious mansion.Such as at document [J.Kou, S.Qiu, F.Xu, and Y.Lu, " Demonstration of a compact temperature sensor based on first ?order Bragg grating in a tapered fiber probe; " Opt.Express19,18452 ?18457 (2011)] in, the people such as J.Kou adopt the method for writing fiber grating processed on the optical fiber that draws cone, can obtain the temperature control of 20pm/ ℃, than the temperature control of general single mode fiber grating, increase.Notice, similar pretreated method is brought larger destruction to the material of fiber grating and structure, tends to make reliability, the bad stability of sensor, make complexity, so cost also improves.So we more wish to improve by aftertreatment the sensitivity of sensor, thereby without optical fiber head is carried out to pre-service.
Document [B.P. ?P.Kuo and Stojan Radic, " Fast wide band source tuning by extra ?cavity parametric process; " Opt.Express18,19930 ?19940 (2010)] in, the technology that the people such as B.KUO adopt full light signal to process has realized the amplification of frequency chirp, and the amplification by frequency chirp can contribute to improve the temperature-responsive of the resonance wavelength drift of bragg grating.
Through the retrieval of prior art is found, Chinese patent literature CN103759855A open (bulletin) day 2014.04.30, disclose a kind of temperature-sensing system with Fiber Bragg Grating FBG, it comprises: light source, optical fiber circulator, one or more optical fiber FBG sensor, coupling mechanism, optical fiber, collimation lens, photorefractive hologram grating, focal imaging lens, imaging device, processor.This technology is introduced temperature survey field by fiber Bragg grating sensor, based on light signal, carry out transmission information, there is anti-electromagnetic interference (EMI), anticorrosive, high temperature resistant, high pressure resistant long service life, and good stability, highly sensitive, resolution is high, and can obtain from all spectrum on same passage simultaneously.But the temperature control of this sensing system is determined by FBG intrinsic properties, causes its sensitivity to be difficult to meet existing industrial needs.
Chinese patent literature CN102589439A open (bulletin) day 2012.07.18, discloses the noninductive three-dimensional detection sensor of a kind of contact temperature based on Fiber Bragg Grating FBG and has belonged to exact instrument manufacture and precision measurement field of measuring techniques, this sensor comprises by pump laser, WDM coupling mechanism, the wide frequency light source system that Er-doped fiber and beam splitter form, by EDFA, the first circulator, conduit, temperature-compensated system with reference to FBG and optical fiber obstructing instrument composition, probe and by spectroanalysis instrument, the receiving system assembling that fiber coupler and index-matching fluid form forms, the reference FBG of temperature-compensated system is placed in probe space length 30cm, this technology has realized three-dimensional sensing, increased substantially the adaptive faculty of sensor to environment, have simple in structure, real-time is good, be easy to the feature of practical application, small inner cavity size is being implemented fast, in ultraprecise testing and calibration, there is significant advantage.But the temperature control sensing characteristics that its intrinsic of this technology is limited, its temperature control is still to be determined by FBG intrinsic properties, so can be limited in～15pm/ ℃ left and right.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the temperature-responsive scarce capacity of existing bragg grating temperature sensor, a kind of bragg grating (FBG) temperature sensor and temperature control Enhancement Method thereof are proposed, by adopting full light signal, process the efficient amplification that realizes frequency chirp, on common single mode bragg grating, obtain the temperature sensor of ultra-high temperature sensitivity, can near 1550nm wavelength, obtain the temperature control of 54pm/ ℃, and on the basis of common FBG, can realize by the last handling process of light signal the enhancing of temperature control, on the basis that does not change FBG sensing head, significantly improve the temperature sensing sensitivity to 5 times of system.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The present invention relates to a kind of highly sensitive bragg grating temperature sensor, comprise: adopt bragg grating as the four-wave mixing frequency chirp amplification system of the fiber laser system of narrow-band filtering unit and full light signal processing, wherein: fiber laser system comprises: bragg grating, image intensifer and fiber resonance cavity, frequency chirp amplification system comprises: single-frequency laser, mix bait image intensifer, nonlinear elements and wave filter.
Described bragg grating, image intensifer and fiber resonance cavity looping cavity configuration, wherein: the C-band scope that the wavelength of bragg grating is 1550 ± 1nm, reflectivity is not less than 50%, and image intensifer is Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier.
The output wavelength of described single-frequency laser is different from the wavelength of described bragg grating, and wherein: the output linewidth of single-frequency laser is 20MHz～1GHz, output power is 20mW.
Described nonlinear element adopts but is not limited to soft glass optical fiber or the chalcogenide fiber of Ge-doped highly nonlinear optical fiber, bismuth doping, at the nonlinear factor of 1550nm wave band, is not less than 10/W/km, and length is not less than 200m.
The present invention relates to the temperature control Enhancement Method of the sensor, using the Output of laser of fiber laser system as pumping wavelength, the single product laser of another fixed wave length of take is signal wavelength, after Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier coupling amplification filtering, export highly nonlinear optical fiber to, realize high-order four-wave mixing.
Technique effect
Compared with prior art, technique effect of the present invention comprises:
1) based on fiber grating and special non-linearity luminous signs, process, obtain the optical fiber grating sensing of ultra-high temperature sensitivity, can obtain the temperature control of 54pm/ ℃;
2) adopt non-linear full light signal to process and can to transducing signal, carry out aftertreatment at output terminal, do not relate to sensing head, thereby be more prone to;
3) adopting the frequency chirp amplification that high-order four-wave mixing realizes is very efficient to the enhancing effect of sensitivity, can easily realize the Sensitivity enhancement of 5 times;
4) proportion is warbled and is amplified in when strengthening temperature control, can improve the temperature resolution of system, is convenient in the situation that limited demodulation accuracy obtains more high-precision temperature survey.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is fiber laser system structural drawing;
In figure: FBG: bragg grating; EDFA: Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA); CIR: circulator; PC: Polarization Controller; ISO: isolator; OC: coupling mechanism.
Fig. 3 is frequency chirp amplification assumption diagram;
In figure: LD: single-frequency laser; HNLF: highly nonlinear optical fiber; BPF: optical filter; EDFA: Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA); PC: Polarization Controller.
Fig. 4 is embodiment temperature sensing experimental spectrum figure;
Shown in figure: follow the temperature variation of 1.17 degrees Celsius, the wave length shift recording is compared pump light at ideler frequency optical position and obviously become large, thereby obtains more high sensitivity;
Fig. 5 is the temperature sensing broadband light spectrogram of embodiment;
Shown in figure: the amplification based on frequency chirp, wave length shift, at different ideler frequency optical positions, obtains different temperature controls and strengthens.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, the present embodiment is implemented take technical solution of the present invention under prerequisite, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment comprises: adopt bragg grating FBG as the four-wave mixing frequency chirp amplification system of the fiber laser system of narrow-band filtering unit and full light signal processing, wherein: fiber laser system comprises: bragg grating FBG, image intensifer EDFA and fiber resonance cavity, frequency chirp amplification system comprises: single-frequency laser LD, mix bait image intensifer EDFA, nonlinear elements and wave filter BFP;
Described bragg grating FBG, image intensifer EDFA and fiber resonance cavity looping cavity configuration.
As shown in Figure 2, described fiber laser system comprises: the erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier EDFA that connects and composes successively loop, circulator CIR, Polarization Controller PC, isolator ISO, coupling mechanism OC, optical filter BPF and the bragg grating FBG being connected with circulator CIR, wherein: the spontaneous emission light of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier EDFA output outputs to bragg grating FBG by circulator CIR, the light of fiber grating reflection specific wavelength is got back to circulator CIR, another port by circulator CIR is connected to Polarization Controller PC and coupling mechanism OC, coupling mechanism OC adopts 30/70 coupling ratio, wherein: one end output light of 70% is to isolator ISO, then be connected to the incident end of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier EDFA, thereby the fiber laser LD structure in whole looping chamber, 30% one end Output of laser from coupling mechanism OC.Based on this laser instrument LD structure, obtain swashing light wavelength and follow fiber grating identical, output wavelength is at room temperature in 1550 ± 1nm.
As shown in Figure 3, be frequency chirp amplification system structure.According to the technical solution used in the present invention, in the laser of Fig. 2 output and Fig. 3, the laser of single-frequency laser LD output combines, and is coupled to Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier EDFA, by being input to highly nonlinear optical fiber HNLF after wave filter BFP.The output power of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier EDFA is 500mW, and the length of highly nonlinear optical fiber HNLF is 500nm, and nonlinear factor is 11/W/km, and zero-dispersion wavelength is in 1550nm.
Temperature sensor based on Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, obtains the four-wave mixing of quadravalence, and frequency chirp enlargement factor is 5 times, thereby temperature control is strengthened to 5 times.Fig. 4 is 1.17 degrees Celsius of temperature variation, obtains optical maser wavelength drift and increases to 0.061nm from 0.011nm.Fig. 5 is under different temperatures, the four-wave mixing ideler frequency light wavelength drift spectrogram of different orders.
Claims (7)
1. a bragg grating temperature sensor, it is characterized in that, comprise: adopt bragg grating as the four-wave mixing frequency chirp amplification system of the fiber laser system of narrow-band filtering unit and full light signal processing, wherein: fiber laser system comprises: bragg grating, image intensifer and fiber resonance cavity, frequency chirp amplification system comprises: single-frequency laser, mix bait image intensifer, nonlinear elements and wave filter;
Described bragg grating, image intensifer and fiber resonance cavity looping cavity configuration.
2. bragg grating temperature sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the C-band scope that the wavelength of described bragg grating is 1550 ± 1nm, and reflectivity is not less than 50%.
3. bragg grating temperature sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described image intensifer is Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier.
4. according to the bragg grating temperature sensor described in claim 1 or 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, described fiber laser system comprises: the Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier (EDFA) that connects and composes successively loop, circulator, Polarization Controller, isolator, coupling mechanism, optical filter and the bragg grating being connected with circulator, wherein: the spontaneous emission light of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier output outputs to bragg grating by circulator, the light of fiber grating reflection specific wavelength is got back to circulator, another port by circulator is connected to Polarization Controller and coupling mechanism, coupling mechanism adopts 30/70 coupling ratio, wherein: one end output light of 70% is to isolator, then be connected to the incident end of Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier, thereby the optical fiber laser structure in whole looping chamber, 30% one end Output of laser from coupling mechanism.
5. bragg grating temperature sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the output wavelength of described single-frequency laser is different from the wavelength of described bragg grating, and wherein: the output linewidth of single-frequency laser is 20MHz～1GHz, output power is 20mW.
6. bragg grating temperature sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described nonlinear element adopts: soft glass optical fiber or the chalcogenide fiber of Ge-doped highly nonlinear optical fiber, bismuth doping, nonlinear factor at 1550nm wave band is not less than 10/W/km, and length is not less than 200m.
7. one kind according to the temperature control Enhancement Method of sensor described in above-mentioned arbitrary claim, it is characterized in that, using the Output of laser of fiber laser system as pumping wavelength, the single product laser of another fixed wave length of take is signal wavelength, after Erbium-Doped Fiber Amplifier coupling amplification filtering, export highly nonlinear optical fiber to, realize high-order four-wave mixing.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115077737A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-09-20 | 东北大学 | Temperature sensor, measuring system and method based on sulfide optical fiber nonlinearity |
| CN115077737B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2024-04-12 | 东北大学 | Temperature sensor based on sulfide optical fiber nonlinearity, measurement system and method |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102589439A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-07-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Contact type temperature non-inductive three-dimensional detection sensor based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) |
| CN103759855A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-04-30 | 太原理工大学 | Temperature sensing system with FBG |
-
2014
- 2014-06-23 CN CN201410284111.XA patent/CN104034443A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102589439A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-07-18 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Contact type temperature non-inductive three-dimensional detection sensor based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) |
| CN103759855A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2014-04-30 | 太原理工大学 | Temperature sensing system with FBG |
Non-Patent Citations (5)
| Title |
|---|
| BILL P.-P.KUO， STOJAN RADIC: ""Fast wide band source tuning by extra-cavity parametric process"", 《OPTICS EXPRESS》 * |
| JIANGBING DU,ZUYUAN HE: ""Sensitivity enhanced strain and temperature measurements based on FBG and frequency chrip magnification"", 《OPTICS EXPRESS》 * |
| 刘颂豪等: "《光子学技术与应用（上册）》", 30 September 2006, 广东科技出版社 * |
| 杜庆波等: "《光纤通信技术与设备》", 31 August 2012, 西安电子科技大学出版社 * |
| 马丽华等: "《光纤通信系统》", 30 September 2009, 北京邮电大学出版社 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115077737A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-09-20 | 东北大学 | Temperature sensor, measuring system and method based on sulfide optical fiber nonlinearity |
| CN115077737B (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2024-04-12 | 东北大学 | Temperature sensor based on sulfide optical fiber nonlinearity, measurement system and method |
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