CN104028888A - Preparation method of resistor contacts - Google Patents
Preparation method of resistor contacts Download PDFInfo
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- CN104028888A CN104028888A CN201410292994.9A CN201410292994A CN104028888A CN 104028888 A CN104028888 A CN 104028888A CN 201410292994 A CN201410292994 A CN 201410292994A CN 104028888 A CN104028888 A CN 104028888A
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- cuw alloy
- alloy block
- preparation
- sintering
- structural steel
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
- B23K20/023—Thermo-compression bonding
- B23K20/026—Thermo-compression bonding with diffusion of soldering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/14—Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/16—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts, e.g. material for absorbing or producing gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
- B23K35/004—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of a metal of the iron group
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of resistor contacts and aims to achieve the preparation of steel and Cu-W alloy structured resistor contacts. The preparation method includes the steps of mixing Cu-W alloy and steel according to a drawing; using pure copper or chromium-copper as seam connection material; placing the Cu-W alloy, the steel and fusion welding connection material into a crucible in order during vacuum sintering; placing the crucible in a sintering furnace and performing sintering according to a temperature rise and drop curve; machining sintered parts so as to obtain a high-voltage circuit breaker steel and Cu-W alloy structure meeting the technical requirements. The preparation method has the advantages that the steel and the Cu-W alloy are metallurgically connected by means of processes of the third material, such as fusion and diffusion and solid solution, the method is highly controllable, and quality of parts is stable.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to resistance contact head preparation field, particularly a kind of preparation method of steel+CuW alloy structure resistance contact head.
[background technology]
Refer to shown in Fig. 1, in high-voltage switch circuit breaker, structure of contact terminal is steel+CuW alloy, and wherein steel is " recessed " grooved, and CuW alloy need to be inserted in groove and make both become as a whole.Owing to there being steel to exist in this contact, therefore must carry out antirust processing to it.Acid cleaning process when antirust, requires this steel+CuW alloy structure commissure can not have pore to exist so, because will further expand pore volume in the process of pickling, the use of contact is buried to potential safety hazard.
The preparation of this structure contact in the past adopts method for brazing, selects silver-base solder.Method for welding is prone to the defects such as pore, cannot meet instructions for use, this problem long-term existence.This type of part of soldering adopts GB/T10046-2008BAg45CuZn, and main component is Ag/44-46, Cu/29-31, Zn/23-27,665 ℃ of its solidus temperatures, 745 ℃ of liquidus temperatures.For this welding rod three kinds of elements A g, Cu and Zn, for Cu-Zn, more than 419 ℃, both mainly exist with compound form, have CuZn3, CuZn5, Cu5Zn8, and the formation temperature of these intermetallic compounds is all lower than 850 ℃.For Ag-Zn, both can generate AgZn, Ag5Zn8 with AgZn3 compound below at 700 ℃.Concerning soldering, soldering needs between solder flux and welded part and has good wetability and heat diffusion capabilities.But can there is combination reaction and generate compound in several essential elements of BAg45CuZn welding rod under the fusing point of Cu.The formation of this compound not only greatly reduces the wetability between solder flux and materials to be welded, and the formation of compound greatly reduces the metallurgy characteristic between solder flux and CuW and Fe.
In addition, for soldering, because workpiece to be welded and brazing material are difficult to complete cleaning, even if heating and welding atmosphere are completely controlled, the weld seam that obtains 100% densification is difficulty still; Under atmospheric conditions, no matter respond to or flame heating, be local heat, temperature inequality can cause flow of solder material uneven, and solder flux has residual risk, obtains complete tight weld difficulty larger.
While adopting the method for soldering to connect " recessed " grooved part of this steel and CuW alloy, after soldering completes, realize also difficulty comparatively of consecutive solidification, therefore, after welding completes, easily in commissure, leave pore.Since the eighties in last century, steel+CuW alloy structure is substantially all the method acquisition with soldering in China, and the qualification rate of the method is extremely low, generally in 10% left and right.
[summary of the invention]
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of resistance contact head, to solve the problems of the technologies described above.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
A preparation method for resistance contact head, comprises the following steps:
(1) processing CuW alloy block, and stay allowance on top; According to CuW alloy block size, join Vehicle Processing structural steel, at the top of structural steel, process groove, wherein depth of groove is greater than the height of CuW alloy block; Car fusion material, the diameter of fusion material is less than CuW alloy block diameter 1～3mm, and quality is 15～30% of CuW alloy block;
(2) CuW alloy block, structural steel and fusion material are cleaned, after having cleaned, fusion material is placed on to the bottom of groove, CuW alloy block is placed in groove and is positioned at fusion material top; CuW alloy block and structural steel coaxially arrange, and between CuW alloy block and the inwall of groove, leave gap; In the bottom of the first graphite boat, lay some layers the first graphite paper; Structural steel is placed on the first graphite paper, then, at the top of structural steel paving multilayer the second graphite paper, the second graphite boat is set on the second graphite paper, in the second graphite boat, schmigel is housed;
(3) the first graphite boat installing is placed in sintering furnace to cooling acquisition sintering blank after sintering;
(4) processing sintering blank, removes sintering blank allowance and obtains required steel+CuW alloy structure resistance contact head.
Preferably, agglomerating plant is vacuum drying oven.
Preferably, fusion material is fine copper or chromium-copper.
Preferably, when CuW alloy block is put in groove, and the gap between the sidewall of groove is less than 1mm.
Preferably, described gap can make the liquation of fusion material pass through.
Preferably, the sand loading amount height in the second graphite boat is greater than the height of CuW alloy structure.
Preferably, in step (3), fusion material fusing, up flows the gap between CuW alloy block and structural steel, the cooling rear metallurgical binding realizing between CuW alloy block and structural steel.
Preferably, CuW alloy block and structural steel are bar.
Preferably, in step, in the cooling procedure of sintering after finishing, the weld seam between CuW alloy block and structural steel solidifies from bottom to top.
Preferably, sintering process concrete in step is: from room temperature, within 45 minutes, be warming up to 900～1050 ℃, 900～1050 ℃ of insulations 20～30 minutes; Then within 10～30 minutes, be warming up to 1083 ℃～1500 ℃ and carry out sintering, be incubated 20～60 minutes; Then within 20～30 minutes, be cooled to 1083 ℃, then with the cooling acquisition sintering of stove blank.
With respect to prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
Integral sintered legal system of the present invention is for steel+CuW steel alloy+CuW alloy structure, first saved the required silver solder of soldering, secondly integral sintered method can be mass, the vacuum-sintering temperature curve that the present invention formulates, first in the temperature rise period, consider the even intensification before Cu fusing, and the solid-state diffusion condition between Cu and Fe, Fe and elements such as w; Secondly, the holding temperature one of formulating at holding stage is to consider the abundant fusing of Cu, the 2nd, consider that Cu reacts with the corrode between Fe; Finally, in temperature-fall period, according to vacuum drying oven, take heat radiation need to design as main heat transfer type and the directional solidification of liquid Cu, the insulation sand of placing on workpiece top while being included in sintering comes accumulation of heat to meet the needs of consecutive solidification, sets in addition rational temperature lowering curve and realizes the metallurgical interface bond strength that solid-state diffusion in process of setting improves sintered part.First-time qualification rate is controlled more than 90%.When the present invention is integral sintered, holding temperature time on the fusing point of Cu is longer, and being conducive to it concerning Cu and Fe, Fe and elements such as w, such temperature spreads, diffusion be beneficial to the metallurgical binding between Cu and CuW alloy and steel interface, therefore integral sintered method is favourable to improving its interface bond strength.
Preparing steel+CuW alloy structure technique with existing method for brazing compares, when the present invention prepares steel+CuW alloy structure by integral sintered technique, only need to control the fit clearance of CuW and structural steel, the temperature lift-down curve of formulating according to this invention heats can prepare qualified steel+CuW alloy structure.Compare method for brazing, the factors such as the method is subject to artificially, environment affect less.
Sintering process of the present invention, is connected with steel copper-tungsten by intermediate materials, at high temperature by spreading and being solid-solubilized in the higher clad steel+CuW of interface formation bond strength alloy structure contact.The present invention, by take chromium-copper (fine copper) as filling metal, melts it at a certain temperature.By forms such as solid solution diffusions, connect CuW alloy and structural steel, making it to become a global facility is steel+CuW alloy structure contact.The feature of this technique is that process controllability is strong, the feature that part quality is stable.
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is that the present invention prepares steel+CuW alloy structure contact schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the present invention's all parts position view while preparing steel+CuW alloy structure contact sintering.
Fig. 3 is the present invention's placement location schematic diagram while preparing each parts of contact and relevant auxiliary materials sintering.
Fig. 4 is sintering process schematic diagram of the present invention.
[specific embodiment]
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Refer to shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head of the present invention, comprises the following steps:
(1) according to drawing dimensioned CuW alloy block 2, and on top, stay allowance, its surface roughness Ra 3.2; According to manufactured CuW alloy block 2 sizes, join Vehicle Processing structural steel 1, at the top of structural steel 1, process groove 11, its further groove 11 degree of depth are two times of CuW alloy block 2 height, CuW alloy block 2 is put in groove 11 when interior, is less than 1mm with the sidewall spacers of groove 11; Car fusion material 3, the diameter of fusion material 3 is less than CuW alloy block 2 diameter 1～3mm, and quality is 15～30% of CuW alloy block 2; Fusion material 3 is fine copper or chromium-copper;
(2) the CuW alloy block 2 processing, structural steel 1 and fusion material 3 are cleaned, cleaning agent is kerosene, after having cleaned, fusion material 3 is placed on to the bottom of groove 11, and CuW alloy block 2 is placed in groove 11 and is positioned at fusion material 3 tops; CuW alloy block 2, structural steel 1 and fusion material 3 coaxially arrange, and leave gap, and this gap are less than 1mm between CuW alloy block 2 and the inwall of groove 11; Multilayer the first graphite paper 5 is laid in bottom at the first graphite boat 4; Structural steel 1 is placed on the first graphite paper 5, then, at the top of structural steel 1 paving multilayer the second graphite paper 8, on the second graphite paper 8, arranges in the second graphite boat 6, the second graphite boats 6 and be placed with schmigel 7; The diameter of the second graphite boat 6 is less than the first graphite boat 4 diameters of dress workpiece; Sand loading amount height in the second graphite boat 6 is greater than the height into CuW alloy structure 2, as shown in Figure 3;
(3) workpiece to be sintered is placed in vacuum sintering furnace, the pressure of adjusting sintering furnace is 3 * 10
-3pa; Then within 45 minutes, being warming up to 900～1050 ℃ from room temperature, 900～1050 ℃ of insulations 20～30 minutes; Then within 10～30 minutes, be warming up to 1083 ℃～1500 ℃ and carry out sintering, be incubated 20～60 minutes; Then within 20～30 minutes, be cooled to 1083 ℃, then with the cooling acquisition sintering of stove blank.Fusion material 3 melts in sintering process, the gap between CuW alloy block 2 and structural steel 1, up flows, and the cooling rear metallurgical binding realizing between CuW alloy block 2 and structural steel 1.
(4) press figure paper conversion sintering blank, remove sintering blank allowance and obtain required steel+CuW alloy structure resistance contact head.
The present invention realizes metallurgical binding by sintering method by CuW alloy structure 2 and " recessed " type structural steel 1; On workpiece to be burnt top, place the graphite crucible that quartz sand is housed, sand loading amount height is greater than CuW alloy structure 2 height, guarantees that weld seam is realized solidification sequence from bottom to top in temperature-fall period.Below structural steel 1 to be sintered, be covered with graphite paper, avoid reacting and destroying graphite crucible between structural steel 1 and graphite.The present invention is undertaken integral sintered in sintering furnace by specific temperature lift-down curve, meet the metallurgical binding between CuW alloy, Fe and Cu.
In the present invention, CuW alloy block 2 and structural steel 1 are bar.
Claims (9)
1. a preparation method for resistance contact head, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(1) processing CuW alloy block (2), and stay allowance on top; According to CuW alloy block (2) size, join Vehicle Processing structural steel (1), at the top of structural steel (1), process groove (11), its further groove (11) degree of depth is greater than the height of CuW alloy block (2); Car fusion material (3), the diameter of fusion material (3) is less than CuW alloy block (2) diameter 1～3mm, and quality is 15～30% of CuW alloy block (2);
(2) CuW alloy block (2), structural steel (1) and fusion material (3) are cleaned, after having cleaned, fusion material (3) is placed on to the bottom of groove (11), CuW alloy block (2) is placed in groove (11) and is positioned at fusion material (3) top; CuW alloy block (2) and structural steel (1) coaxially arrange, and between CuW alloy block (2) and the inwall of groove (11), leave gap; In the bottom of the first graphite boat (4), lay some layer the first graphite papers (5); Structural steel (1) is placed on the first graphite paper (5), then at the top of structural steel (1) paving multilayer the second graphite paper (8), the second graphite boat (6) is set on the second graphite paper (8), schmigel (7) is housed in the second graphite boat (6);
(3) the first graphite paper (5) installing is placed in sintering furnace to cooling acquisition sintering blank after sintering;
(4) processing sintering blank, removes sintering blank allowance and obtains required steel+CuW alloy structure resistance contact head.
2. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, is characterized in that, fusion material (3) is fine copper or chromium-copper.
3. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, is characterized in that, CuW alloy block (2) is put in groove (11) when interior, and the gap between the sidewall of groove (11) is less than 1mm.
4. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described gap can make the liquation of fusion material (3) pass through.
5. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the sand loading amount height in the second graphite boat (6) is greater than the height of CuW alloy structure (2).
6. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, fusion material (3) fusing in step (3), gap between CuW alloy block (2) and structural steel (1), up flow, the cooling rear metallurgical binding realizing between CuW alloy block (2) and structural steel (1).
7. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, is characterized in that, CuW alloy block (2) and structural steel (1) are bar.
8. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in the cooling procedure after the middle sintering of step (3) finishes, the weld seam between CuW alloy block (2) and structural steel (1) solidifies from bottom to top.
9. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, is characterized in that, sintering process concrete in step (3) is: from room temperature, within 45 minutes, be warming up to 900～1050 ℃, 900～1050 ℃ of insulations 20～30 minutes; Then within 10～30 minutes, be warming up to 1083 ℃～1500 ℃ and carry out sintering, be incubated 20～60 minutes; Then within 20～30 minutes, be cooled to 1083 ℃, then with the cooling acquisition sintering of stove blank.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410292994.9A CN104028888B (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2014-06-25 | A kind of preparation method of resistance contact head |
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| CN201410292994.9A CN104028888B (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2014-06-25 | A kind of preparation method of resistance contact head |
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| CN104028888B CN104028888B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115156749A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-10-11 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Method for welding copper-tungsten and steel |
| CN115401186A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-29 | 宜昌银蓬精工科技有限公司 | Device and process for bonding copper-tungsten alloy and iron base |
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2014
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115156749A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-10-11 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Method for welding copper-tungsten and steel |
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| CN115401186A (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2022-11-29 | 宜昌银蓬精工科技有限公司 | Device and process for bonding copper-tungsten alloy and iron base |
| CN115401186B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2024-05-03 | 宜昌银蓬精工科技有限公司 | Copper-tungsten alloy and iron-based bonding device and bonding process |
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| CN104028888B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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