CN104028888B - A kind of preparation method of resistance contact head - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of resistance contact head Download PDFInfo
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- CN104028888B CN104028888B CN201410292994.9A CN201410292994A CN104028888B CN 104028888 B CN104028888 B CN 104028888B CN 201410292994 A CN201410292994 A CN 201410292994A CN 104028888 B CN104028888 B CN 104028888B
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- cuw alloy
- alloy block
- contact head
- preparation
- resistance contact
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/02—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating by means of a press ; Diffusion bonding
- B23K20/023—Thermo-compression bonding
- B23K20/026—Thermo-compression bonding with diffusion of soldering material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/14—Preventing or minimising gas access, or using protective gases or vacuum during welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/16—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating with interposition of special material to facilitate connection of the parts, e.g. material for absorbing or producing gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/22—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded
- B23K20/227—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating taking account of the properties of the materials to be welded with ferrous layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/24—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/001—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces
- B23K35/004—Interlayers, transition pieces for metallurgical bonding of workpieces at least one of the workpieces being of a metal of the iron group
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The preparation method that the invention discloses a kind of resistance contact head, it is achieved the preparation of steel construction+CuW alloy structure resistance contact head, comprises the following steps: first, is undertaken joining car by CuW alloy and steel by drawing；Solder design material is fine copper or chromium-copper；During vacuum-sintering, CuW alloy, steel and melting welding connecting material are placed in crucible in order；Crucible is placed in sintering furnace and is sintered by temperature lift-down curve；It is machined out the part sintered obtaining and meets the primary cut-out steel+CuW alloy structure that technology requires。Steel is passed through the processes such as fusing and the solid solution diffusion of the third material and realizes metallurgical connection by the present invention with CuW alloy, and the method controllability is strong, and part quality is stable。
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to resistance contact head preparation field, particularly to the preparation method of a kind of steel+CuW alloy structure resistance contact head。
[background technology]
Referring to shown in Fig. 1, in high-voltage switch circuit breaker, structure of contact terminal is steel+CuW alloy, and wherein steel is " recessed " grooved, and CuW alloy needs to insert in groove and makes both become as a whole。Owing to this contact having steel to exist, it is therefore necessary to it is carried out antirust treatment。So acid cleaning process when antirust, it is desirable to this steel+CuW alloy structure commissure can not have pore to exist, because will expand pore volume in the process of pickling further, buries potential safety hazard to the use of contact。
The preparation of conventional this structure contact adopts method for brazing, selects silver-base solder。Easily there are the defects such as pore in method for welding, it is impossible to meet instructions for use, this problem long-term existence。This type of part of soldering adopts GB/T10046-2008BAg45CuZn, is mainly composed of Ag/44-46, Cu/29-31, Zn/23-27, its solidus temperature 665 DEG C, liquidus temperature 745 DEG C。For this welding rod three kinds of elements A g, Cu and Zn, for Cu-Zn more than 419 DEG C, both mainly exist with compound form, have CuZn3, CuZn5, Cu5Zn8, and the formation temperature of these intermetallic compounds is below 850 DEG C。For Ag-Zn, both can generate AgZn, Ag5Zn8 with AgZn3 compound below 700 DEG C。For soldering, soldering needs between solder flux and welded part and has good wettability and heat diffusion capabilities。But, several essential elements of BAg45CuZn welding rod can occur combination reaction to generate compound under the fusing point of Cu。The formation of this compound not only greatly reduces the wettability between solder flux and materials to be welded, and, the formation of compound greatly reduces the metallurgy characteristic between solder flux and CuW and Fe。
It addition, for soldering, owing to workpiece to be welded and brazing material are difficult to complete cleaning, even if heating and welding atmosphere are fully controllable, the weld seam obtaining 100% densification is still difficult；Under atmospheric condition, no matter sensing or flame heating, be local heating, temperature inequality can cause solder flowing inequality, and solder flux has residual risk, obtains complete tight weld difficulty bigger。
When the method adopting soldering connects " recessed " grooved part and the CuW alloy of this steel, soldering realizes consecutive solidification after completing also comparatively difficult, therefore, easily leaves pore in commissure after welding completes。Since the eighties in last century, steel+CuW alloy structure is substantially in China and obtains with the method for soldering, and the qualification rate of the method is extremely low, is typically in about 10%。
[summary of the invention]
The preparation method that it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of resistance contact head, to solve above-mentioned technical problem。
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions。
The preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head, comprises the following steps:
(1) processing CuW alloy block, and stay allowance on top；According to CuW alloy block size, joining Vehicle Processing structural steel, process groove at the top of structural steel, wherein depth of groove is more than the height of CuW alloy block；Car fusion material, the diameter of fusion material is less than CuW alloy block diameter 1～3mm, and quality is the 15～30% of CuW alloy block；
(2) CuW alloy block, structural steel and fusion material being carried out, after having cleaned, fusion material is placed on the bottom of groove, CuW alloy block is placed in groove and is positioned at fusion material top；CuW alloy block and structural steel are coaxially disposed, and leave gap between CuW alloy block and the inwall of groove；Some layer the first graphite papers are laid in the bottom of the first graphite boat；Structural steel is placed on the first graphite paper, then spreads multilamellar the second graphite paper at the top of structural steel, the second graphite paper arranges the second graphite boat, equipped with schmigel in the second graphite boat；
(3) being placed in sintering furnace by the first graphite boat installed, after sintering, cooling obtains sintering blank；
(4) processing sintering blank, removes sintering blank allowance and obtains required steel+CuW alloy structure resistance contact head。
Preferably, agglomerating plant is vacuum drying oven。
Preferably, fusion material is fine copper or chromium-copper。
Preferably, when CuW alloy block is put in groove, and the gap between the sidewall of groove is less than 1mm。
Preferably, described gap can make the liquation of fusion material pass through。
Preferably, the filling amount height in the second graphite boat is more than the height of CuW alloy block。
Preferably, in step (3), fusion material fusing, up flows from the gap between CuW alloy block and structural steel, realizes the metallurgical binding between CuW alloy block and structural steel after cooling。
Preferably, CuW alloy block and structural steel are bar。
Preferably, in the cooling procedure after terminating in step, the weld seam between CuW alloy block and structural steel solidifies from bottom to top。
Preferably, sintering process concrete in step is: within 45 minutes, be warming up to 900～1050 DEG C from room temperature, is incubated 20～30 minutes at 900～1050 DEG C；Then within 10～30 minutes, it is warming up to 1083 DEG C～1500 DEG C to be sintered, is incubated 20～60 minutes；Then within 20～30 minutes, being cooled to 1083 DEG C, then furnace cooling obtains sintering blank。
Relative to prior art, the invention have the advantages that
The integral sintered method of the present invention prepares steel+CuW steel alloy+CuW alloy structure, first the silver solder needed for soldering is eliminated, secondly integral sintered method can be mass, the vacuum-sintering temperature curve that the present invention formulates, first the uniform intensification before Cu melts and the solid-state diffusion condition between Cu and Fe, Fe and elements such as w are considered in the temperature rise period；Secondly, the holding temperature one formulated at holding stage is to consider the abundant fusing of Cu, and two is to consider the corrode reaction between Cu and Fe；Finally, temperature-fall period then needs to design according to the directional solidification of the vacuum drying oven heat transfer type based on heat radiation and liquid Cu, carry out accumulation of heat meet the needs of consecutive solidification including the insulation sand placed on workpiece top when sintering, additionally set solid-state diffusion that rational temperature lowering curve realizes in process of setting to improve the metallurgical interface bond strength of sintered part。First-time qualification rate is controlled more than 90%。When the present invention is integral sintered, holding temperature time on the fusing point of Cu is longer, and Cu and Fe, Fe and elements such as w are conducive to it to be diffused by such temperature, diffusion is beneficial to the metallurgical binding between Cu and CuW alloy and steel interface, and therefore integral sintered method is favourable to improving its interface bond strength。
Prepare compared with steel+CuW alloy structure technique with existing method for brazing, when the present invention prepares steel+CuW alloy structure by integral sintered technique, only need to controlling the fit clearance of CuW and structural steel, the temperature lift-down curve formulated according to this invention is heated preparing qualified steel+CuW alloy structure。Comparing method for brazing, the method is affected less by factors such as artificial, environment。
The sintering process of the present invention, is connected copper-tungsten and steel by intermediate materials, at high temperature by spreading and being solid-solubilized in interface formation bond strength higher clad steel+CuW alloy structure contact。The present invention is by with chromium-copper (fine copper) for filler metal so that it is melt at a certain temperature。Connected CuW alloy and structural steel by forms such as solid solution diffusions, make a global facility and steel+CuW alloy structure contact。This technique be characterized in that process controllability is strong, the feature that part quality is stable。
[accompanying drawing explanation]
Fig. 1 is that the present invention prepares steel+CuW alloy structure contact schematic diagram。
Fig. 2 is that the present invention prepares all parts position view during steel+CuW alloy structure contact sintering。
Fig. 3 is that the present invention prepares placement location schematic diagram when each parts of contact and relevant auxiliary materials sintering。
Fig. 4 is the sintering process schematic diagram of the present invention。
[detailed description of the invention]
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail。
Refer to shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head of the present invention, comprise the following steps:
(1) according to drawing dimensioned CuW alloy block 2, and allowance is stayed on top, its surface roughness Ra 3.2；According to manufactured CuW alloy block 2 size, joining Vehicle Processing structural steel 1, process groove 11 at the top of structural steel 1, its further groove 11 degree of depth is CuW alloy block 2 height two times, when CuW alloy block 2 is put in groove 11, with the sidewall spacers of groove 11 less than 1mm；Car fusion material 3, the diameter of fusion material 3 is less than CuW alloy block 2 diameter 1～3mm, and quality is the 15～30% of CuW alloy block 2；Fusion material 3 is fine copper or chromium-copper；
(2) the CuW alloy block 2 processed, structural steel 1 and fusion material 3 being carried out, abluent is kerosene, after having cleaned, fusion material 3 is placed on the bottom of groove 11, and CuW alloy block 2 is placed in groove 11 and is positioned at fusion material 3 top；CuW alloy block 2, structural steel 1 and fusion material 3 are coaxially disposed, and leave gap, and this gap is less than 1mm between the inwall of CuW alloy block 2 and groove 11；Multilamellar the first graphite paper 5 is laid in the bottom of the first graphite boat 4；Structural steel 1 is placed on the first graphite paper 5, then spreads multilamellar the second graphite paper 8 at the top of structural steel 1, the second graphite paper 8 arranges the second graphite boat 6, the second graphite boat 6 is placed with schmigel 7；The diameter of the second graphite boat 6 is less than the first graphite boat 4 diameter of dress workpiece；Filling amount height in second graphite boat 6 is more than the height of CuW alloy block 2, as shown in Figure 3；
(3) being placed in vacuum sintering furnace by workpiece to be sintered, the pressure adjusting sintering furnace is 3 × 10-3Pa；Then within 45 minutes, it is warming up to 900～1050 DEG C from from room temperature, is incubated 20～30 minutes at 900～1050 DEG C；Then within 10～30 minutes, it is warming up to 1083 DEG C～1500 DEG C to be sintered, is incubated 20～60 minutes；Then within 20～30 minutes, being cooled to 1083 DEG C, then furnace cooling obtains sintering blank。Fusion material 3 melts in sintering process, up flows from the gap between CuW alloy block 2 and structural steel 1, realizes the metallurgical binding between CuW alloy block 2 and structural steel 1 after cooling。
(4) sinter blank by figure paper conversion, remove sintering blank allowance and obtain required steel+CuW alloy structure resistance contact head。
CuW alloy block 2 and " recessed " type structural steel 1 are realized metallurgical binding by sintering method by the present invention；Waiting that burning workpiece top places the graphite boat equipped with schmigel, filling amount height is more than CuW alloy block 2 height, it is ensured that in temperature-fall period, weld seam realizes solidification sequence from bottom to top。It is covered with graphite paper, it is to avoid react between structural steel 1 and graphite and destroy graphite boat below structural steel 1 to be sintered。The present invention is undertaken integral sintered by specific temperature lift-down curve in sintering furnace, meets the metallurgical binding between CuW alloy, Fe and Cu。
In the present invention, CuW alloy block 2 and structural steel 1 are bar。
Claims (9)
1. the preparation method of a resistance contact head, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) processing CuW alloy block (2), and stay allowance on top；According to CuW alloy block (2) size, join Vehicle Processing structural steel (1), process groove (11) at the top of structural steel (1), its further groove (11) degree of depth is more than the height of CuW alloy block (2)；Car fusion material (3), the diameter of fusion material (3) is less than CuW alloy block (2) diameter 1～3mm, and quality is the 15～30% of CuW alloy block (2)；
(2) CuW alloy block (2), structural steel (1) and fusion material (3) are carried out, after having cleaned, fusion material (3) is placed on the bottom of groove (11), and CuW alloy block (2) is placed in groove (11) and is positioned at fusion material (3) top；CuW alloy block (2) and structural steel (1) are coaxially disposed, and leave gap between the inwall of CuW alloy block (2) and groove (11)；Some layers the first graphite paper (5) are laid in the bottom of the first graphite boat (4)；Structural steel (1) is placed on the first graphite paper (5), then multilamellar the second graphite paper (8) is spread at the top of structural steel (1), second graphite paper (8) arranges the second graphite boat (6), equipped with schmigel (7) in the second graphite boat (6)；
(3) being placed in sintering furnace by the first graphite paper (5) installed, after sintering, cooling obtains sintering blank；
(4) processing sintering blank, removes sintering blank allowance and obtains required steel+CuW alloy structure resistance contact head。
2. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that fusion material (3) is fine copper or chromium-copper。
3. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that CuW alloy block (2) be put in groove (11) interior time, and the gap between the sidewall of groove (11) is less than 1mm。
4. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described gap can make the liquation of fusion material (3) pass through。
5. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the filling amount height in the second graphite boat (6) is more than the height of CuW alloy block (2)。
6. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, fusion material (3) fusing in step (3), up flow from the gap between CuW alloy block (2) and structural steel (1), after cooling, realize the metallurgical binding between CuW alloy block (2) and structural steel (1)。
7. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that CuW alloy block (2) and structural steel (1) are bar。
8. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in the cooling procedure after terminating in step (3), the weld seam between CuW alloy block (2) and structural steel (1) solidifies from bottom to top。
9. the preparation method of a kind of resistance contact head according to claim 1, it is characterised in that sintering process concrete in step (3) is: be warming up to 900～1050 DEG C in 45 minutes from room temperature, is incubated 20～30 minutes at 900～1050 DEG C；Then within 10～30 minutes, it is warming up to 1083 DEG C～1500 DEG C to be sintered, is incubated 20～60 minutes；Then within 20～30 minutes, being cooled to 1083 DEG C, then furnace cooling obtains sintering blank。
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| CN201410292994.9A CN104028888B (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2014-06-25 | A kind of preparation method of resistance contact head |
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| CN201410292994.9A CN104028888B (en) | 2014-06-25 | 2014-06-25 | A kind of preparation method of resistance contact head |
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| CN104028888A CN104028888A (en) | 2014-09-10 |
| CN104028888B true CN104028888B (en) | 2016-06-22 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115156749B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-11-10 | 陕西斯瑞新材料股份有限公司 | Welding method of copper tungsten and steel |
| CN115401186B (en) * | 2022-08-19 | 2024-05-03 | 宜昌银蓬精工科技有限公司 | Copper-tungsten alloy and iron-based bonding device and bonding process |
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| EP1112804A2 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-04 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Welding material and arc welding method for low carbon martensitic stainless steel |
| CN101515512A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-26 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing CuW/Y*O* multi-phase contact material |
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| CN102828059A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2012-12-19 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of contact alloy for nano particle filled tungsten skeleton special structure |
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| JPH01205053A (en) * | 1988-02-12 | 1989-08-17 | Ngk Spark Plug Co Ltd | Joining stress buffer alloy of ceramics and metal and joined body of ceramics and metal formed by using said buffer alloy |
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| EP1112804A2 (en) * | 1999-12-28 | 2001-07-04 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Welding material and arc welding method for low carbon martensitic stainless steel |
| CN101515512A (en) * | 2009-03-30 | 2009-08-26 | 西安理工大学 | Method for preparing CuW/Y*O* multi-phase contact material |
| CN102426938A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-04-25 | 西安理工大学 | Electrical contact material and method for preparing CuZrW electrical contact material by adopting infiltration method |
| CN102828059A (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2012-12-19 | 北京科技大学 | Preparation method of contact alloy for nano particle filled tungsten skeleton special structure |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
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