CN101474719A - In situ self-spread welding repair method of aluminum mother plate - Google Patents
In situ self-spread welding repair method of aluminum mother plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN101474719A CN101474719A CNA2008102338002A CN200810233800A CN101474719A CN 101474719 A CN101474719 A CN 101474719A CN A2008102338002 A CNA2008102338002 A CN A2008102338002A CN 200810233800 A CN200810233800 A CN 200810233800A CN 101474719 A CN101474719 A CN 101474719A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a welding repairing method for aluminum parent metal, in particular to an in-situ self-propagting welding repairing method for aluminum parent metal. The method is characterized in that: self-propagting medical preparation is firstly prepared, and cleaning, oil removal, oxide film removal are carried out on parts to be welded of aluminum parent metal, then welding fluid is coated on a groove face; according to the shape and size of the groove, a mould with lower holes is made by graphite and is fixed on the upper part of the groove, and a graphite plate is clamped at the two sides of the groove by a clamping device and forms a melting chamber together with the mould, an automatic fusible plug is laid at the bottom part of the mould, then the self-propagting medical preparation is poured into the mould, pyrophoric powder is coated above the self-propagting medical preparation, after the parent metal is preheated to a certain temperature, the pyrophoric powders is lighted, thus realizing in-situ self-propagting welding repairing of the aluminum parent metal. By the method provided by the invention, intense magnetic field interference can be avoided, welding quality can be improved, labor intensity can be relieved, and the operation is easy and rapid.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding repair method of aluminum mother plate, especially relate to a kind of original position self-spread welding repair method of aluminum mother plate.
Background technology
In recent years, China's aluminium industrial development is rapid, and electrolytic aluminium output ranks first place, the world, and the aluminium production technology reaches or in many aspects near advanced international standard.In Aluminum Electrolysis Production, for improving the output of aluminium, the current strength of aluminium cell is in rising trend, and oneself reaches 350KA the current strength of present domestic aluminium cell.So big DC current makes electrolytic cell and has produced diameter on every side and reaches several meters high-intensity magnetic field, and magnetic field intensity can reach 180 Gausses as calculated.Aluminium busbar regular meeting's accidental damage aborning, the welding of aluminum bus mainly contains two kinds of methods at present: a kind of is to weld with gas welding, but this welding method only is applicable to the welding thin plate, and inefficiency, limitation is arranged in actual applications, only can be used for the sectional repair of the soft band of aluminium; Another kind is to fall electric current or have a power failure back employing carbon arc welding.Fall the electric current welding and still be subjected to the influence in magnetic field; Have a power failure in short-term and not only cause the minimizing of electrolytic aluminium output, energy consumption significantly to increase, also can increase noxious gas emission, cause environmental pollution, though and the carbon arc welding method speed that falls behind very fast relatively, but joint quality is poor, and strength of joint and electric conductivity certainly will be affected; When electrolytic cell has a power failure for a long time, or intermittent the power failure, owing to expand with heat and contract with cold,, also can exert an influence to cell lining even taked certain insulation measure.Consumable electrode argon tungsten-arc welding under some other welding method such as the magnetic field shielding, founding welding, Laser Welding all exist above-mentioned shortcoming, are difficult to apply.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the defective of above-mentioned prior art, a kind of original position self-spread welding repair method that can avoid high-intensity magnetic field to disturb, improve welding quality, reduction labour intensity, a kind of aluminum mother plate rapidly simple to operate is provided.
The present invention realizes in the following way:
A kind of original position self-spread welding repair method of aluminum mother plate, it is characterized in that: preparation earlier is from spreading medicament, removed contamination in the position to be welded of aluminum mother plate simultaneously, oil removing, the removal oxide-film is handled, apply solder flux in advance at groove face then, shape and size according to groove, make the band mould in hole down with graphite, and be fixed in groove top, and with anchor clamps graphite cake is held on the groove left and right sides, form molten chamber with mould, and lay from fused plug at mold bottom, to spread medicament then certainly and pour in the mould, cover one deck pyrophoric powder above, after the mother metal preheating uniform temperature, light pyrophoric powder, the original position that realizes aluminum mother plate is from spreading the rapid welding reparation;
Following outlet position at described mould is provided with insulating layer of asbestos;
Described is to be stirred, fully mixed by following raw materials in percentage by weight from spreading medicament: reducing agent 13-40%, metal oxide 20-55%, metal halide 2-10%, metallic additions 10-50%, Rare-Earth Ce or La or the mixture 0.05%-0.3% of the two;
Before the described welding to 200 ℃-400 ℃ of the preheat temperatures of aluminum mother plate;
Described reducing agent is that granularity is 100 orders-300 a purpose aluminium powder, described metal oxide is granularity 100 purpose iron oxide, cupric oxide, tin oxide or oxidation manganese powder or at least two kinds mixture in them, and described metal halide is calcirm-fluoride, prodan or their mixture;
Described metallic additions is a tin, and its content is not less than 10%;
Described metallic additions is a copper, and its content is not higher than 50%;
The molten chamber of described welding is formed by two graphite cakes that are attached at the groove to be welded left and right sides respectively, the crucible that is fixed in hole under the band that makes with graphite on groove top, the steel that the outside is used to tighten;
Bottom the graphite crucible is the bowl-type aluminium flake from fused plug;
Described insulating layer of asbestos is 6-8 millimeters thick.
The present invention has following effect:
1) process uniqueness: welding method provided by the invention will contain the self-propagating reaction medicament of reducing agent and metal oxide, put into be arranged in weld bond top, the bottom has the graphite crucible from fused plug, after lighting with pyrophoric powder, produce melt metal liquid and flow in the following welding die cavity, realize that the original position rapid welding of aluminum conductor is repaired.
2) adopt unique self-propagating reaction medicament to realize high quality welding: the present invention adopts unique self-propagating reaction medicament, it is to be mixed by reducing agent, metal oxide, metal halide, metallic additions, rare earth, and reducing agent is granularity 100 orders-300 a purpose aluminium powder; Metal oxide is granularity 100 purpose iron oxide, cupric oxide, tin oxide or oxidation manganese powder or at least two kinds mixture in them.When metal oxide is cupric oxide, metallic additions is a tin, the purpose that adds tin is because aluminium and cupric oxide reaction obtain copper, and copper can not with the direct seam of aluminium, so can utilize this thermit reaction liberated heat heating tin, obtain tin copper mixed liquor, under the effect of scaling powder, realize the wetting of aluminum mother plate and welding.When metal oxide was tin oxide, metallic additions was a copper, improved the electric conductivity of weld metal.Add trace rare-earth element in alloy liquid, can improve its metallographic structure, crystal grain thinning is removed gas and objectionable impurities, reduces formation of crack, makes resistivity decreased simultaneously, improves the electric conductivity of weld metal.
3) welding cost is low, welding procedure is more reasonable, safer and more reliable: welding method provided by the invention, weld mold is by the graphite manufacturing, can use repeatedly, reduce the single use cost, the welding die cavity is made up of two graphite cakes that are attached at the groove to be welded left and right sides, constitute the welding die cavity that forms sealing and band air vent together with outer steel jig chucking and mould lower plate, make welding procedure more reasonable, safer and more reliable.
4) safe and reliable: welding method provided by the invention, the graphite jig bottom adopts the conduct of bowl-type aluminium flake from fused plug, when reaching predetermined temperature, the molten metal that spreads the thermit reaction generation certainly can melt automatically from fused plug, pass through molten metal, avoided manually smashing out and the slag inclusion phenomenon, not only improve welding quality, and security is good.
5) ignite easily: welding method provided by the invention, after will spreading scolder certainly and pouring crucible into, cover one deck pyrophoric powder above, part exposes, to make things convenient for ignition reaction.
6) bevel for welding is easy to welding: welding method provided by the invention, need before the welding groove face is processed and handled, and remove greasy dirt, adopt physics cleaning, Chemical cleaning and machining process to remove oxide-film, and smear solder flux.
7) speed of welding piece: welding method provided by the invention, the graphite crucible insulating layer of asbestos of outlet down are that 6-8mm is thick, and purpose is for the heat that reduces molten metal scatters and disappears, and keeps it to have certain degree of superheat.In order to improve welding effect, need before the welding aluminum mother plate is carried out preheating, require preheat temperature to be not less than 200 ℃.After all kinds of operations and preheating weld bond were finished, the pyrophoric powder and spread medicament certainly of igniting immediately made welding agent that violent thermit reaction take place at short notice, in the welding die cavity below the high-temperature liquid metal of generation flows into, realizes the welding of aluminum conductor.Clear up surperficial welding slag, expose weldering meat position, finish the whole operation process.
8) method of the present invention has realized in the cell room the online original position REPAIR WELDING of aluminium busbar under the power-off condition not.Operating process is simple, and integral solder is respond well, and welding efficiency is higher, labour intensity reduces greatly, overcome the technical barrier that aluminum conductor is difficult to carry out effective arc welding under the high-intensity magnetic field, the tremendous economic loss of having avoided the cell line power failure to bring has produced very big economic benefit.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one: a kind of original position self-spread welding repair method of aluminum mother plate, configuration earlier is from spreading medicament, removed contamination in the position to be welded of aluminum mother plate simultaneously, oil removing, the removal oxide-film is handled, apply solder flux in advance at groove face then, according to the shape and size of groove, make the band mould in hole down with graphite, and be fixed in groove top, with anchor clamps graphite cake is held on the groove left and right sides, form molten chamber with mould, be provided with insulating layer of asbestos in the following outlet of described mould, and lay from fused plug at mold bottom, to spread medicament then certainly pours in the mould, cover one deck pyrophoric powder above, part exposes, will be by the preheating of weldering aluminum mother plate groove face, preheat temperature is 300 ℃, light pyrophoric powder, the original position that realizes aluminum mother plate is after spread the rapid welding reparation, connector temperature to be welded cools off, mold removal, cleaning joint surface welding slag.
Above-mentioned is to be stirred, fully mixed by following raw materials in percentage by weight from spreading medicament: cupric oxide 41%, aluminium powder 19%, glass putty 36.95%, calcirm-fluoride 3%, Rare-Earth Ce 0.05%.
The molten chamber of above-mentioned welding is formed by two graphite cakes that are attached at the groove to be welded left and right sides respectively, the crucible that is fixed in hole under the band that makes with graphite on groove top, the steel that the outside is used to tighten.
Bottom the graphite crucible is the bowl-type aluminium flake from fused plug, and insulating layer of asbestos is 6-8 millimeters thick.
Graphite crucible and mould are installed, are carried out sealing and detect, prevent that metal liquid stream goes out die cavity in the welding process, seepage takes place.
Embodiment two: a kind of original position self-spread welding repair method of aluminum mother plate, configuration earlier is from spreading medicament, removed contamination in the position to be welded of aluminum mother plate simultaneously, oil removing, the removal oxide-film is handled, apply solder flux in advance at groove face then, according to the shape and size of groove, make the band mould in hole down with graphite, and be fixed in groove top, with anchor clamps graphite cake is held on the groove left and right sides, form molten chamber with mould, be provided with insulating layer of asbestos in the following outlet of described mould, and lay from fused plug at mold bottom, to spread medicament then certainly pours in the mould, cover one deck pyrophoric powder above, part exposes, will be by the preheating of weldering aluminum mother plate groove face, preheat temperature is 250 ℃, light pyrophoric powder, the original position that realizes aluminum mother plate is after spread the rapid welding reparation, connector temperature to be welded cools off, mold removal, cleaning joint surface welding slag.
Above-mentioned is to be stirred, fully mixed by following raw materials in percentage by weight from spreading medicament: tin oxide 49%, aluminium powder 30.5%, copper powder 15.5%, calcirm-fluoride 4.8%, Rare-Earth Ce 0.2%.
All the other are all identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three: a kind of original position self-spread welding repair method of aluminum mother plate, configuration earlier is from spreading medicament, removed contamination in the position to be welded of aluminum mother plate simultaneously, oil removing, the removal oxide-film is handled, apply solder flux in advance at groove face then, according to the shape and size of groove, make the band mould in hole down with graphite, and be fixed in groove top, with anchor clamps graphite cake is held on the groove left and right sides, form molten chamber with mould, be provided with insulating layer of asbestos in the following outlet of described mould, and lay from fused plug at mold bottom, to spread medicament then certainly pours in the mould, cover one deck pyrophoric powder above, part exposes, will be by the preheating of weldering aluminum mother plate groove face, preheat temperature is 300 ℃, light pyrophoric powder, the original position that realizes aluminum mother plate is after spread the rapid welding reparation, connector temperature to be welded cools off, mold removal, cleaning joint surface welding slag.
Above-mentioned is to be stirred, fully mixed by following raw materials in percentage by weight from spreading medicament: iron oxide 10.9%, tin oxide 36%, aluminium powder 34%, glass putty 15%, calcirm-fluoride 2.5%, prodan 1.5%, rare earth La 0.1%.
All the other are all identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment four: a kind of original position self-spread welding repair method of aluminum mother plate, configuration earlier is from spreading medicament, removed contamination in the position to be welded of aluminum mother plate simultaneously, oil removing, the removal oxide-film is handled, apply solder flux in advance at groove face then, according to the shape and size of groove, make the band mould in hole down with graphite, and be fixed in groove top, with anchor clamps graphite cake is held on the groove left and right sides, form molten chamber with mould, be provided with insulating layer of asbestos in the following outlet of described mould, and lay from fused plug at mold bottom, to spread medicament then certainly pours in the mould, cover one deck pyrophoric powder above, part exposes, will be by the preheating of weldering aluminum mother plate groove face, preheat temperature is 400 ℃, light pyrophoric powder, the original position that realizes aluminum mother plate is after spread the rapid welding reparation, connector temperature to be welded cools off, mold removal, cleaning joint surface welding slag.
Above-mentioned is to be stirred, fully mixed by following raw materials in percentage by weight from spreading medicament: manganese oxide 8.5%, tin oxide 40.5%, and aluminium powder 36%, glass putty 10.05%, calcirm-fluoride 4.8%, Rare-Earth Ce 0.05%, La 0.1%.
All the other are all identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment five: a kind of original position self-spread welding repair method of aluminum mother plate, configuration earlier is from spreading medicament, removed contamination in the position to be welded of aluminum mother plate simultaneously, oil removing, the removal oxide-film is handled, apply solder flux in advance at groove face then, according to the shape and size of groove, make the band mould in hole down with graphite, and be fixed in groove top, with anchor clamps graphite cake is held on the groove left and right sides, form molten chamber with mould, be provided with insulating layer of asbestos in the following outlet of described mould, and lay from fused plug at mold bottom, to spread medicament then certainly pours in the mould, cover one deck pyrophoric powder above, part exposes, will be by the preheating of weldering aluminum mother plate groove face, preheat temperature is 300 ℃, light pyrophoric powder, the original position that realizes aluminum mother plate is after spread the rapid welding reparation, connector temperature to be welded cools off, mold removal, cleaning joint surface welding slag.
Above-mentioned is to be stirred, fully mixed by following raw materials in percentage by weight from spreading medicament: cupric oxide 16%, tin oxide 41%, and aluminium powder 35%, copper powder 4.2%, calcirm-fluoride 3.6%, Rare-Earth Ce 0.1%, La 0.1%.
All the other are all identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment six: a kind of original position self-spread welding repair method of aluminum mother plate, configuration earlier is from spreading medicament, removed contamination in the position to be welded of aluminum mother plate simultaneously, oil removing, the removal oxide-film is handled, apply solder flux in advance at groove face then, according to the shape and size of groove, make the band mould in hole down with graphite, and be fixed in groove top, with anchor clamps graphite cake is held on the groove left and right sides, form molten chamber with mould, be provided with insulating layer of asbestos in the following outlet of described mould, and lay from fused plug at mold bottom, to spread medicament then certainly pours in the mould, cover one deck pyrophoric powder above, part exposes, will be by the preheating of weldering aluminum mother plate groove face, preheat temperature is 350 ℃, light pyrophoric powder, the original position that realizes aluminum mother plate is after spread the rapid welding reparation, connector temperature to be welded cools off, mold removal, cleaning joint surface welding slag.
Above-mentioned is to be stirred, fully mixed by following raw materials in percentage by weight from spreading medicament: iron oxide 6%, cupric oxide 12%, tin oxide 38%, aluminium powder 35%, copper powder 5%, calcirm-fluoride 2.75%, prodan 1%, Rare-Earth Ce 0.2%, La 0.05%.
All the other are all identical with embodiment one.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of original position self-spread welding repair method of aluminum mother plate, it is characterized in that: preparation earlier is from spreading medicament, removed contamination in the position to be welded of aluminum mother plate simultaneously, oil removing, the removal oxide-film is handled, apply solder flux in advance at groove face then, shape and size according to groove, make the band mould in hole down with graphite, and be fixed in groove top, and with anchor clamps graphite cake is held on the groove left and right sides, form molten chamber with mould, and lay from fused plug at mold bottom, to spread medicament then certainly and pour in the mould, cover one deck pyrophoric powder above, after the mother metal preheating uniform temperature, light pyrophoric powder, the original position that realizes aluminum mother plate is from spreading the rapid welding reparation.
2, the original position self-spread welding repair method of a kind of aluminum mother plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the following outlet position at described mould is provided with insulating layer of asbestos.
3, the original position self-spread welding repair method of a kind of aluminum mother plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described is to be stirred, fully mixed by following raw materials in percentage by weight from spreading medicament: reducing agent 13-40%, metal oxide 20-55%, metal halide 2-10%, metallic additions 10-50%, Rare-Earth Ce or La or the mixture 0.05%-0.3% of the two.
4, the original position self-spread welding repair method of a kind of aluminum mother plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: before the described welding to 200 ℃-400 ℃ of the preheat temperatures of aluminum mother plate.
5, the original position self-spread welding repair method of a kind of aluminum mother plate as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that: described reducing agent is that granularity is 100 orders-300 a purpose aluminium powder, described metal oxide is granularity 100 purpose iron oxide, cupric oxide, tin oxide or oxidation manganese powder or at least two kinds mixture in them, and described metal halide is calcirm-fluoride, prodan or their mixture.
6, as the original position self-spread welding repair method of claim 2 or 4 described a kind of aluminum mother plates, it is characterized in that: described metallic additions is a tin, and its content is not less than 10%.
7, as the original position self-spread welding repair method of claim 2 or 4 described a kind of aluminum mother plates, it is characterized in that: described metallic additions is a copper, and its content is not higher than 50%.
8, the original position self-spread welding repair method of a kind of aluminum mother plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the molten chamber of described welding is formed by two graphite cakes that are attached at the groove to be welded left and right sides respectively, the crucible that is fixed in hole under the band that makes with graphite on groove top, the steel that the outside is used to tighten.
9, the original position self-spread welding repair method of a kind of aluminum mother plate as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: bottom the graphite crucible is the bowl-type aluminium flake from fused plug.
10, the original position self-spread welding repair method of a kind of aluminum mother plate as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: described insulating layer of asbestos is 6-8 millimeters thick.
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| CN113399866A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-17 | 武汉大学 | Aluminum electrolysis cell horizontal bus hot-line repair welding flux and preparation method thereof |
| CN113399866B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2022-02-15 | 武汉大学 | Aluminum electrolysis cell horizontal bus hot-line repair welding flux and preparation method thereof |
| CN115351457A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-11-18 | 武汉大学 | Multi-section welding flux, self-preheating multi-section electroless welding rod and preparation method thereof |
| CN115351457B (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2024-03-22 | 武汉大学 | Multi-section welding flux, self-preheating multi-section non-welding electrode and preparation method thereof |
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