CN102728937A - Dissimilar metal welding method of titanium alloy and austenitic stainless steel - Google Patents
Dissimilar metal welding method of titanium alloy and austenitic stainless steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN102728937A CN102728937A CN2012102317125A CN201210231712A CN102728937A CN 102728937 A CN102728937 A CN 102728937A CN 2012102317125 A CN2012102317125 A CN 2012102317125A CN 201210231712 A CN201210231712 A CN 201210231712A CN 102728937 A CN102728937 A CN 102728937A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dissimilar metal welding method of titanium alloy and austenitic stainless steel, comprising the following steps of: carrying out grinding and assembling before welding; and carrying out welding by using a method of filler wire pulsed TIG welding. With the dissimilar metal welding method of the titanium alloy and the austenitic stainless steel of the invention, by welding parameter adjustment, preheating before the welding, thermal insulation and slow cooling after the welding and control of melting and solidification conditions of a titanium alloy and stainless steel welding pool, a welding joint which has nice weld formation, and has no defects of cracks and air holes is obtained. The welding method of the invention has high welding efficiency, low cost, convenient and flexible operation, and can meet requirement of the welding joint of welding the dissimilar metals of the titanium alloy and the austenitic stainless steel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of welding method of dissimilar metal, relate in particular to the pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) method of a kind of titanium alloy and austenitic stainless steel, belong to welding technology field.
Background technology
Titanium alloy and stainless being welded on have good application potential in the energy, chemical industry and the atomic energy industry, but the welding difficulty of the two is very big.Adopt electron-bombardment welding and vacuum diffusion welding can realize titanium alloy and stainless welding, but the welding equipment of these two kinds of methods cost an arm and a leg, to welding the strict of technology controlling and process.To have good application prospects if can under the melting welding condition, realize to titanium alloy and stainless reliable the connection.
Titanium alloy and stainless welding technology difficulty are very big, because titanium alloy and stainless thermal conductivity and linear expansion coefficient are widely different, expanding with heat and contract with cold during melting welding caused very big welding stress, very easily causes weld cracking.Mainly be to be employed in the method for dosing the transition intermediate layer between titanium alloy and the stainless steel at present, realize that titanium alloy is connected with stainless melting welding.But this method complex process, implementing also has great difficulty, is difficult to apply.
Summary of the invention
To the deficiency of existing titanium alloy with the stainless steel dissimilar metal welding techniques, the problem that the present invention will solve is, proposes a kind of welding method between titanium alloy and the austenitic stainless steel dissimilar metal that is directed against of simple and easy to do, welding quality stable.Adopt method of the present invention can obtain the welding point of bright and clean fine and closely woven, flawless of face of weld and pore, can satisfy the technical performance requirement that titanium alloy and austenitic stainless steel welding of dissimilar metal are delivered a child and produced.This technology adopts stainless steel welding stick as filling metal, through before the weldering of strictness with the control of postwelding temperature, and in whole welding process good protection, realize titanium alloy is connected with stainless melting welding.This welding procedure has low, the simple, convenient characteristics such as flexibly of cost, in fields such as the energy, chemical industry good application prospects is arranged.
The welding method of titanium alloy of the present invention and austenitic stainless steel dissimilar metal adopts the pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) that fills silk, and comprises the steps:
(1) before the weldering that the joint of titanium alloy and austenitic stainless steel is clean with sand papering, expose metallic luster; The filler wire surface with sand papering to exposing metallic luster.Titanium alloy is docked placement or the placement of corner connection ship shape with the austenite stainless steel plate level, the plate below the thickness 3mm does not stay the fit-up gap, and the plate of thickness 3mm～10mm is opened 25 °～35 ° single face V-butts, and root face is less than 1mm.
(2) welding parameter of said pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) is: background current 20A～60A, pulse current 28A～80A, pulse duration 5s～10s, pulse frequency 35Hz～75Hz; Weldingvoltage 8V～12V; Speed of welding 1.0mm/s～3.6mm/s; Argon flow amount 10L/min～25L/min, torch neck from workpiece apart from 10mm～14mm; The titanium alloy that is soldered and the thickness of stainless steel work-piece are 2mm～10mm.
Above-mentioned before titanium alloy and austenite stainless steel workpiece after polishing and the assembling are welding, should in cabinet-type electric furnace, be preheating to more than 350 ℃ temperature retention time 0.5h～2h.
Described titanium alloy is the Ti-6Al-4V alloy; Described austenitic stainless steel by percentage to the quality, Cr 17%～19%, Ni 8%～11%, Si≤1%, Mn≤2%; Said inert gas is an argon gas, and its purity is greater than 99.9%.Wherein, the chemical composition of described filler wire is: C 0.06%～0.08%, and Cr 18.0%～21.0%, and Ni 9.0%～11.0%; Mn 0.5%～2.4%, and Si 0.60%～0.80%, and Mo 0.50%～0.70%; Cu 0.50%～0.65%, and surplus is Fe, by percentage to the quality.The filler wire diameter is 1.5mm～2.0mm, and the tungsten electrode diameter is 1.5mm～2.5mm, and the tungsten electrode end is taper.
In the said welding, environment temperature should be more than or equal to 20 ℃.
In the said step (2); In the welding of said titanium alloy and stainless steel pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing), adopt the high-frequency impulse striking, open argon gas earlier before the first striking; Keep circulation 20s～30s with deaeration, and utilize argon gas stream to take away attached to the moisture on the wireway inwall; When receiving arc, for make welding level and smooth with eliminate defective such as arc crater, should control the welding current decay of delaying time gradually, argon gas will continue to circulate 5s～10s after the blow-out, to prevent the tungsten electrode oxidation.
In the welding of said titanium alloy and stainless steel pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing), the positive and negative at titanium alloy and stainless joint place will be in the protection domain of argon gas all the time, prevents the surrounding air intrusion.
Said argon flow amount is 12 L/min～18L/min; The red copper backing plate that has vent cap is adopted at the joint back side, feeds argon gas protection simultaneously.
In the welding of said titanium alloy and stainless steel pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing), note keeping the distance between welding gun tungsten electrode and the weldment, preferably 75 °～85 ° of the angles between tungsten electrode and the weldment.
In the welding of said titanium alloy and stainless steel pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing), adopt continuous sequence, the one step completed welding manner of whole piece weld seam, to guarantee welding quality stable.
Immediately whole welded part is placed on temperature after welding is accomplished and remains in 350 ℃ the cabinet-type electric furnace, slowly cool off with stove, to prevent weld crack.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows; Adopt the titanium alloy of the present invention's proposition and the welding method of austenitic stainless steel dissimilar metal; Through the adjustment welding parameter; Control the fusing and the curing condition of titanium alloy and stainless steel welding pool, can obtain the welding point of defectives such as appearance of weld is attractive in appearance, flawless, pore-free.This method welding efficiency is high, and cost is low, and is flexible to operation, can satisfy the instructions for use of titanium alloy and austenitic stainless steel dissimilar metal welding joint.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1:
The silk filling pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy and Cr18-Ni8 austenitic stainless steel.The Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheet is of a size of 180mm * 120mm, and thickness is 3mm; The austenitic stainless steel test plate (panel) is of a size of 180mm * 120mm, and thickness is 3mm, two plate butt welding.
The processing step of concrete titanium alloy and austenitic stainless steel pulsed argon arc welding is following:
(1) the banjo fixing butt jointing place with Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy and Cr18-Ni8 austenitic stainless steel is clean with sand papering, makes surface to be welded expose metallic luster; Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy joint is with fine grinding wheel polishing single face chamfering.
(2) adopt diameter be the stainless steel welding stick of 2.0mm as filling metal, before the weldering with sand paper with the welding wire surface polishing to exposing metallic luster.The chemical composition of used stainless steel welding stick (mass fraction) is: C 0.06%, and Cr 19.5%, and Ni 9.5%, and Mn 1.6%, and Si 0.60%%, and Mo 0.55%, and Cu 0.50%, and surplus is Fe.
(3) Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheet and the horizontal docking point of austenite stainless steel plate is solid, do not stay the gap.
(4) will put in the cabinet-type electric furnace that solid titanium alloy and austenitic stainless steel assembly be placed on 350 ℃, and be placed in the argon filling cover after insulation 40min takes out and weld applying argon gas flow 15L/min.
(5) the fill silk technological parameter of pulsed argon arc welding is: background current 40A, pulse current 55A, pulse duration 8s, pulse frequency 45Hz, weldingvoltage 12V, argon flow amount 12L/min, torch neck from workpiece apart from 12mm.
(6) keep 80 ° of angles between tungsten electrode and the weldment.Welding wire along the molten bath front end send into the molten bath steadily, uniformly, must not the argon shield district be shifted out in the welding wire end.
(7) will just weld the titanium alloy of completion and cabinet-type electric furnace that the austenitic stainless steel weldment is put into 350 ℃ immediately and be incubated slow cooling, take out after cooling to room temperature with the furnace.
The Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy that the employing said welding method obtains and the appearance of weld of austenite stainless steel welding joint are good.Do not find microdefects such as crackle, pore through visual examination of weld and metallography microscope sem observation, satisfy the instructions for use of connected piece.
Embodiment 2:
The silk filling pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy and Cr18-Ni8 austenitic stainless steel box-like body angle joint.The Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy sheet is of a size of 140mm * 140mm, and thickness is 4mm; The austenitic stainless steel test plate (panel) is of a size of 140mm * 140mm, and thickness is 4mm, and two plates connect at an angle of 90.
The processing step of concrete titanium alloy and austenitic stainless steel pulsed argon arc welding is following:
(1) the angle joint place with Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy and Cr18-Ni8 austenitic stainless steel is clean with sand papering, makes surface to be welded expose metallic luster.Titanium alloy and stainless joint place are all with fine grinding wheel polishing 1mm single face chamfering.
(2) adopt diameter be the stainless steel welding stick of 2.0mm as filling metal, before the weldering with sand paper with the welding wire surface polishing to exposing metallic luster.The chemical composition of used stainless steel welding stick (mass fraction) is: C 0.06%, and Cr 19.5%, and Ni 9.5%, and Mn 1.6%, and Si 0.60%%, and Mo 0.55%, and Cu 0.50%, and surplus is Fe.
(3) with titanium alloy sheet and austenite stainless steel plate assembling angle joint at an angle of 90, do not stay gap, point admittedly.
(4) will put in the cabinet-type electric furnace that solid titanium alloy and austenitic stainless steel angle joint assembly be placed on 350 ℃; Being down ship shape after insulation 1h takes out is placed in the argon filling cover; Angle joint up; Titanium alloy sheet becomes 45 with corrosion resistant plate with horizontal plane, applying argon gas protection, argon flow amount 18L/min.
(5) weld, the technological parameter of the pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) that fills silk is: background current 45A, pulse current 60A, pulse duration 8s, pulse frequency 45Hz, weldingvoltage 12V, argon flow amount 14L/min, torch neck from workpiece apart from 10mm.
(6) welding wire along the molten bath front end send into the molten bath steadily, uniformly, must not the argon shield district be shifted out in the welding wire end.
(7) will just weld the titanium alloy of completion and cabinet-type electric furnace that the austenitic stainless steel corner connector is put into 350 ℃ immediately and be incubated slow cooling, weldment takes out after cooling to room temperature with the furnace.
The Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy that the employing said welding method obtains and the appearance of weld of austenitic stainless steel corner joint are good.Do not find microdefects such as crackle, pore through visual examination of weld and metallography microscope sem observation, satisfy the instructions for use of connected piece.
Claims (9)
1. the welding method of titanium alloy and austenitic stainless steel dissimilar metal adopts the pulse inert gas protection weldering that fills silk, and comprises the steps:
(1) before the weldering that the joint of titanium alloy and austenitic stainless steel is clean with sand papering, expose metallic luster; The filler wire surface with sand papering to exposing metallic luster;
(2) welding parameter of said pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing) is: background current 20A～60A, pulse current 28A～80A, pulse duration 5s～10s, pulse frequency 35Hz～75Hz; Weldingvoltage 8V～12V; Speed of welding 1.0mm/s～3.6mm/s, argon flow amount 10L/min～25L/min.
2. the welding method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and austenitic stainless steel dissimilar metal is characterized in that, described titanium alloy and austenite stainless steel workpiece were preheating in cabinet-type electric furnace more than 350 ℃ before welding, and temperature retention time is 0.5h～2h.
3. the welding method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and austenitic stainless steel dissimilar metal is characterized in that, described titanium alloy is the Ti-6Al-4V alloy; Described austenitic stainless steel by percentage to the quality, Cr 17%～19%, Ni 8%～11%, Si≤1%, Mn≤2%; Said inert gas is an argon gas, and its purity is greater than 99.9%; Wherein, the chemical composition of described filler wire is: C 0.06%～0.08%, and Cr 18.0%～21.0%, and Ni 9.0%～11.0%; Mn 0.5%～2.4%, and Si 0.60%～0.80%, and Mo 0.50%～0.70%; Cu 0.50%～0.65%, and surplus is Fe, by percentage to the quality.
4. the welding method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and austenitic stainless steel dissimilar metal is characterized in that, the environment temperature during said the welding is more than or equal to 20 ℃.
5. the welding method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and austenitic stainless steel dissimilar metal; It is characterized in that, in the said step (2), in the welding of said titanium alloy and stainless steel pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing); Adopt the high-frequency impulse striking; Open argon gas earlier before the first striking, keep circulation 20s～30s with deaeration, and utilize argon gas stream to take away attached to the moisture on the wireway inwall; When receiving arc, should control the welding current decay of delaying time gradually, argon gas will continue the 5s～10s that circulates after the blow-out.
6. the welding method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and austenitic stainless steel dissimilar metal; It is characterized in that; In the welding of said titanium alloy and stainless steel pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing), the positive and negative at titanium alloy and stainless joint place will be in the protection domain of argon gas all the time.
7. like the welding method of claim 1 or 6 described titanium alloys and austenitic stainless steel dissimilar metal, it is characterized in that the red copper backing plate that has vent cap is adopted at the joint back side, carry out the applying argon gas protection simultaneously, the flow of argon shield is 12 L/min～18L/min.
8. the welding method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and austenitic stainless steel dissimilar metal; It is characterized in that; In the welding of said titanium alloy and stainless steel pulsed tungsten argon arc weld(ing), keep the distance between welding gun tungsten electrode and the weldment, the angle between tungsten electrode and the weldment is 75 °～85 °.
9. the welding method of titanium alloy as claimed in claim 1 and austenitic stainless steel dissimilar metal is characterized in that, said welding is accomplished immediately and whole welded part to be placed on temperature to be remained in 350 ℃ the cabinet-type electric furnace, slowly cools off with stove.
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Cited By (9)
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| CN103464873A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-25 | 山东大学 | Electric-arc welding process for Ti alloy and nickel-base high-temperature alloy |
| CN104741826A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-01 | 西安理工大学 | Cu-Ag-Mo welding wire for titanium-pipeline-steel welding and preparing method thereof |
| CN107552924A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-01-09 | 江苏大明精密钣金有限公司 | A kind of white brilliant weld seam welding |
| CN108067732A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-05-25 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of method for inhibiting titanium-steel composite board Butt Joint transition zone crackle |
| CN109014471A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-12-18 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of metal inert-gas arc brazing technique of titanium alloy-stainless steel |
| CN109108435A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-01 | 中船澄西船舶修造有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel light wall pipe cold metal transfer welding procedure |
| CN113510405A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-19 | 内蒙古第一机械集团股份有限公司 | Welding wire for welding titanium/steel dissimilar materials and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN115138945A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-10-04 | 航天科工哈尔滨风华有限公司 | Electric arc additive manufacturing method for enhancing titanium alloy by using stainless steel powder |
| CN115870591A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-03-31 | 天津市金桥焊材科技有限公司 | MIG welding process method for titanium-steel dissimilar metal and welding wire used in MIG welding process method |
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Cited By (11)
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| CN103464873A (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2013-12-25 | 山东大学 | Electric-arc welding process for Ti alloy and nickel-base high-temperature alloy |
| CN103464873B (en) * | 2013-09-27 | 2015-06-17 | 山东大学 | Electric-arc welding process for Ti alloy and nickel-base high-temperature alloy |
| CN104741826A (en) * | 2015-03-12 | 2015-07-01 | 西安理工大学 | Cu-Ag-Mo welding wire for titanium-pipeline-steel welding and preparing method thereof |
| CN107552924A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2018-01-09 | 江苏大明精密钣金有限公司 | A kind of white brilliant weld seam welding |
| CN108067732A (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2018-05-25 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of method for inhibiting titanium-steel composite board Butt Joint transition zone crackle |
| CN109014471A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-12-18 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of metal inert-gas arc brazing technique of titanium alloy-stainless steel |
| CN109014471B (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2020-11-10 | 上海交通大学 | Consumable electrode inert gas protection arc brazing process for titanium alloy-stainless steel |
| CN109108435A (en) * | 2018-10-15 | 2019-01-01 | 中船澄西船舶修造有限公司 | A kind of stainless steel light wall pipe cold metal transfer welding procedure |
| CN113510405A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-19 | 内蒙古第一机械集团股份有限公司 | Welding wire for welding titanium/steel dissimilar materials and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN115138945A (en) * | 2022-07-12 | 2022-10-04 | 航天科工哈尔滨风华有限公司 | Electric arc additive manufacturing method for enhancing titanium alloy by using stainless steel powder |
| CN115870591A (en) * | 2023-02-20 | 2023-03-31 | 天津市金桥焊材科技有限公司 | MIG welding process method for titanium-steel dissimilar metal and welding wire used in MIG welding process method |
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