CN106735661B - The method of anode electrolytic cell guide rod and the sweat soldering of steel pawl - Google Patents
The method of anode electrolytic cell guide rod and the sweat soldering of steel pawl Download PDFInfo
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- CN106735661B CN106735661B CN201611191388.3A CN201611191388A CN106735661B CN 106735661 B CN106735661 B CN 106735661B CN 201611191388 A CN201611191388 A CN 201611191388A CN 106735661 B CN106735661 B CN 106735661B
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- steel pawl
- steel
- reinforcement structure
- weld
- mold
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/0008—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering specially adapted for particular articles or work
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/12—Anodes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The method that the present invention discloses a kind of anode electrolytic cell guide rod and the sweat soldering of steel pawl, include the following steps: for reinforcement structure mold to be welded on steel pawl, reinforcing adding welding steel plate outside mold again, is making to form cavity between steel plate and mold, fill in the asbestos wool bonded with waterglass in the cavity；Steel pawl surface to be welded is preheated to remove rapidly after 700 DEG C or more and is attached on weld holder；Anode rod is put into reinforcement structure mold, is then fixed anode rod and steel pawl；Paste one layer of mud in the outer that reinforcement structure mold is contacted with anode rod；Then heating steel pawl welding surface is to 1100 DEG C or more；Solder flux is packed into crucible bucket, match is inserted into, crucible is fixed on weld holder, and is located above cast gate；Point burning match, makes flux reaction, after pouring, after weld seam natural cooling, removes slag.Using the method for the present invention, pressure drop drops to 5-10 millivolts at weld bond, and anode rod-steel pawl welding surface face of weld securely will not cracking, and avoids production safety hidden danger.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of methods of anode electrolytic cell guide rod and the sweat soldering of steel pawl.
Background technique
With the enlargement of Aluminum Electrolysis Production scale and the enlargement of electrolytic cell groove profile, the need of anode electrolytic cell guide rod and steel pawl
The amount of asking also increases with it, and the solder bond of both is can not be ignored the problem of.
For domestic most of electrolytic aluminium producers using prebaked anode at present, cast steel crowfoot and aluminium bar in anode rod
Connection mostly use the mode of steel-aluminium composite sheet (explosion block) connection transition.Steel disc in cast steel crowfoot and steel-aluminium composite sheet is logical
Solder design is crossed, steel-steel weld seam intensity is substantially near strength of parent；Aluminium flake in aluminium bar and steel-aluminium composite sheet then passes through
Aluminium-aluminium is welded to connect, and since aluminium-aluminium weld seam not only undertakes electric action at work, also to carry 1 ton of weight (wherein steel
Crowfoot 210kg, D type carbon block 830kg), thus it is more demanding to its intensity and conductive capability.And aluminium-aluminium weld seam and base material or steel-
The connector of aluminium composite sheet is compared, and intensity is much lower, and effective connection area is less in addition, therefore, anode rod and explosion block it
Between aluminium-aluminium weld seam no matter intensity or conductive capability all become the most weak part of entire anode rod, guide rod transportational process
Or be heated in a cell, caused aluminium separation of welds, cracking by external force, thus bring is that anode block is scrapped, guide rod returns
Reason, the production efficiency of returning something for repairs reduce.In addition, temperature is high at explosive element, explosive element is because of overheat aluminum part and steel in operation
Part is easy to happen partial disengagement, influences conduction, while bringing security risk to production, therefore have a big chunk steel pawl in the longevity
Explosive element is needed replacing in the life period, that is, re-starts welding, increases power consumption in this way, and increase production run cost.
Currently used another kind connection type is when carrying out guide rod steel claw welding, and steel-steel weld seam uses carbon dioxide
The mode of gas shielded welding, weld strength is high, and appearance of weld is preferable, so technique is able to satisfy requirement；Aluminium-aluminium welding
Using the mode of consumable electrode argon protection welding.This method disadvantage is: the affinity of aluminium and oxygen is very strong, holds in air
One layer of fine and close oxide film (about 2050 DEG C of fusing point) easily is generated with oxygen, when welding such as fails to be removed, aluminum oxide film meeting
The good combination between metal is hindered, slag inclusion is easily caused；Aluminum oxide film easily adsorbs moisture content, and when welding can promote weld seam to generate gas
Hole.Secondly because the thermal conductivity of aluminium is big, metal heat transfer is fast, a large amount of thermal energy is transmitted in parent metal rapidly in welding
Portion, it is to reach weldering speed identical with steel when welding, then 2~4 times big when thermal weld stress is than welding steel.To obtain high quality
Welding point, it is necessary to be concentrated using energy, high-power welding heat source；The linear expansion coefficient of aluminium is about 2 times of steel, body when solidification
Product shrinking percentage is also easy to produce deformation up to 6.5%~6.6%；In addition intercrystalline crack and heat affected area shape are formed in weld metal
It is larger at the tendency of liquation crack；Secondly the generation of stomata is generated often caused by the moisture in environment.Because aluminium and aluminium close
Gold can dissolve a large amount of hydrogen, solid-state hardly dissolved hydrogen in liquid.During welding pool solidifies and is quickly cooled down, hydrogen comes
Not as good as being precipitated, hydrogen blistering is easily formed.The moisture of moisture and the absorption of base material surface film oxide in arc column atmosphere, is all weld seam
The important sources of middle hydrogen.Welding material and base material surface film oxide when especially rainy weather air humidity is big, weather gets damp
(Al2O3) it is easier moisture build op, the probability that at this moment welding generates stomata is bigger.Therefore, the welding of aluminium and aluminium alloy is to environment
Moisture in humidity and air, welding material is more sensitive.The above defect can all reduce weld strength.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of existing anode electrolytic cell guide rod and the welding of steel pawl, provide
A kind of method of anode electrolytic cell guide rod and the sweat soldering of steel pawl.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
The method of anode electrolytic cell guide rod and the sweat soldering of steel pawl, includes the following steps:
The first step makes the reinforcement structure mold of weld seam；
Reinforcement structure mold is welded on steel pawl by second step, then is welded with steel plate on the periphery of reinforcement structure mold, makes steel
Cavity is formed between plate and mold, fills in the asbestos wool bonded with waterglass in the cavity, tamps equating；
Third step preheats steel pawl, and surface to be welded temperature is removed rapidly after reaching 700 DEG C or more and is attached to weld holder
On；
Anode rod is put into reinforcement structure mold by the 4th step, then fixes anode rod and steel pawl；
5th step after positioning fastening, blocks the seam between reinforcement structure mold outer and anode rod and steel pawl with mud
Gap；
6th step, step 5 heat steel pawl welding surface after the completion, temperature are made to rise to 1100 DEG C or more；
Solder flux is packed into crucible bucket by the 7th step, is inserted into match, crucible is fixed on weld holder, and is located on cast gate
Side；
8th step puts burning match, makes flux reaction, and reaction solution flows into cast gate, after weld seam natural cooling, removes on cast gate
Portion's slag completes the welding of anode rod and steel pawl.
The present invention directly welds together anode rod and steel pawl, contact drop at existing 3 is become at one, to drop
Low pressure drop, pressure drop drops to 5-10 millivolts by 15-30 millivolts current at weld bond, reduces 10-20 millivolt, while commissure is designed and had
Reinforcement structure makes anode rod-steel pawl welding surface not stress, and strength is all discharged in reinforcement structure, it is ensured that aluminum steel faying face
Permanent combination, the face of weld securely will not cracking, and avoid production safety hidden danger.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes part of specification, with reality of the invention
It applies example to be used to explain the present invention together, not be construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of reinforcement structure mold；
Fig. 2 is the mounting structure schematic diagram of sweat soldering, wherein 1 is steel pawl, and 2 be reinforcement structure mold, and 3 be steel plate, 4
For the asbestos wool of filling；
Fig. 3 is the closure schematic diagram of reinforcement structure mold outer, and 11 be anode rod.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described, it should be understood that preferred embodiment described herein is only used
In the description and interpretation present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Anode electrolytic cell guide rod and steel pawl (aluminum steel) sweat soldering construction procedure are as follows:
The first step, material prepare, and following material need to be prepared by completing this welding procedure: (solder flux is by 20wt% for steel thermit fusion welding agent
Aluminium powder, 64wt% brown iron oxide, 2.39wt% alloy addition and surplus slag former composition, alloy addition are chromium, silicon, manganese, are made
Slag agent is CaF2Or NaF), reaction crucible, heating device (preheating furnace, heating gun), waterglass, asbestos wool, mud, weld holder,
The reinforcement structure mold of weld seam.
Reinforcement structure mold is welded on steel pawl by second step using welding electrode arc welding, is welded using multilayer multiple tracks built-up welding,
The reinforcement structure mold that is welded as shown in Figure 1, after being wherein reserved on one side of reinforcement structure mold thermofussion welding cast gate.
After the completion of welding the steel plate of one piece of 16mm, steel need to be respectively welded with again away from mold 2cm in three side outer layers of reinforcement structure mold soldering
Cavity is formed between plate and mold, the asbestos wool bonded with waterglass is filled in this cavity, tamps equating (with mould upper surface
Concordantly).
Steel pawl is put on preheating furnace (charcoal stove) and preheats 3 hours by third step, and surface to be welded temperature reaches 700 DEG C or more
It removes rapidly, is attached on weld holder afterwards, as shown in Figure 2.
One end of anode rod is put into the reinforcement structure mold of steel pawl by the 4th step using the positioning device of weld holder,
Go deep into 3cm, then anode rod and steel pawl are fastened, guarantee its relative position.
5th step adds one layer of mud of paste in the outer of reinforcement structure mold after positioning fastening anode rod and steel pawl, will
Gap plugging between mold outer (left side, right side, bottom) and anode rod and steel pawl is good, and mud is not pasted in cast gate side, such as
Shown in Fig. 3.
Step 6: heating steel pawl welding surface with heating gun after completing the above process, its temperature is made to rise to 1100 DEG C.
Steel thermit fusion welding agent is packed into crucible bucket by the 7th step, is inserted into match, after finding casting position accurately (casting position with
Pouring material can smoothly flow into cast gate and it does not deviate and pours a mouthful center and be advisable) crucible is fixed on weld holder, crucible
Distance from bottom pours above mouth 5 centimetres.
8th step puts burning match, and solder flux reacts, and reaction solution flows into cast gate, completes welding, then naturally cold to weld seam
But the slag for removing cast gate top afterwards, removes workpiece, completes entire welding.
Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is not intended to restrict the invention,
Although the present invention is described in detail referring to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, still may be used
To modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.
All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in of the invention
Within protection scope.
Claims (1)
1. the method for anode electrolytic cell guide rod and the sweat soldering of steel pawl, includes the following steps:
The first step makes the reinforcement structure mold of weld seam；
Reinforcement structure mold is welded on steel pawl by second step, then is welded with steel plate on the periphery of reinforcement structure mold, make steel plate with
Cavity is formed between mold, fills in the asbestos wool bonded with waterglass in the cavity, tamps equating；
Third step preheats steel pawl, and surface to be welded temperature is removed rapidly after reaching 700 DEG C or more and is attached on weld holder；
Anode rod is put into reinforcement structure mold by the 4th step, then fixes anode rod and steel pawl；
5th step after positioning fastening, blocks the gap between reinforcement structure mold outer and anode rod and steel pawl with mud；
6th step, step 5 heat steel pawl welding surface after the completion, temperature are made to rise to 1100 DEG C or more；
Solder flux is packed into crucible bucket by the 7th step, is inserted into match, crucible is fixed on weld holder, and is located above cast gate；
8th step puts burning match, makes flux reaction, and reaction solution flows into cast gate, and after weld seam natural cooling, it is molten to remove cast gate top
Slag completes the welding of anode rod and steel pawl；
Solder flux is made of 20wt% aluminium powder, 64wt% brown iron oxide, 2.39wt% alloy addition and surplus slag former, alloy addition
Agent is chromium, silicon, manganese, slag former CaF2Or NaF.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611191388.3A CN106735661B (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | The method of anode electrolytic cell guide rod and the sweat soldering of steel pawl |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611191388.3A CN106735661B (en) | 2016-12-21 | 2016-12-21 | The method of anode electrolytic cell guide rod and the sweat soldering of steel pawl |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106735661A CN106735661A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
| CN106735661B true CN106735661B (en) | 2019-01-04 |
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| CN113182643A (en) * | 2021-02-08 | 2021-07-30 | 贵阳铝镁设计研究院有限公司 | Method for preventing molten iron from flowing outwards in deep and narrow seam welding |
Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1772960A (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2006-05-17 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for thermite welding aluminium electrolytic cell cathode steel bar |
| CN101249585A (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2008-08-27 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Electrified welding method of aluminum cell cathode steel bar |
| CN101474719A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2009-07-08 | 青铜峡铝业集团有限公司 | In situ self-spread welding repair method of aluminum mother plate |
| CN101787550A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2010-07-28 | 云南铝业股份有限公司 | Connecting structure of aluminum electrolytic prebaked anode guide bar and steel jaw and preparation method thereof |
| CN104668815A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-06-03 | 武汉金泉铝热焊接器材有限公司 | Aluminum hot welding flux and welding method for welding cathode square steel of aluminum electrolytic baths in high-intensity magnetic field environments |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6719889B2 (en) * | 2002-04-22 | 2004-04-13 | Northwest Aluminum Technologies | Cathode for aluminum producing electrolytic cell |
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2016
- 2016-12-21 CN CN201611191388.3A patent/CN106735661B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1772960A (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2006-05-17 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Method for thermite welding aluminium electrolytic cell cathode steel bar |
| CN101249585A (en) * | 2007-12-10 | 2008-08-27 | 中国铝业股份有限公司 | Electrified welding method of aluminum cell cathode steel bar |
| CN101474719A (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2009-07-08 | 青铜峡铝业集团有限公司 | In situ self-spread welding repair method of aluminum mother plate |
| CN101787550A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2010-07-28 | 云南铝业股份有限公司 | Connecting structure of aluminum electrolytic prebaked anode guide bar and steel jaw and preparation method thereof |
| CN104668815A (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2015-06-03 | 武汉金泉铝热焊接器材有限公司 | Aluminum hot welding flux and welding method for welding cathode square steel of aluminum electrolytic baths in high-intensity magnetic field environments |
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