CN104026054A - Manual net cage precipitable feed feeding method - Google Patents
Manual net cage precipitable feed feeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104026054A CN104026054A CN201410304808.9A CN201410304808A CN104026054A CN 104026054 A CN104026054 A CN 104026054A CN 201410304808 A CN201410304808 A CN 201410304808A CN 104026054 A CN104026054 A CN 104026054A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims abstract description 12
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- 241000283080 Proboscidea <mammal> Species 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 241000252230 Ctenopharyngodon idella Species 0.000 description 12
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000019786 weight gain Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 description 6
- 230000003203 everyday effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000009360 aquaculture Methods 0.000 description 4
- 244000144974 aquaculture Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 230000000474 nursing effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000218691 Cupressaceae Species 0.000 description 3
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- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960000074 biopharmaceutical Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005213 imbibition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021401 pellet diet Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 235000006694 eating habits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 210000001035 gastrointestinal tract Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Fodder In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a manual net cage precipitable feed feeding method. The manual net cage precipitable feed feeding method comprises the following steps that (1) every four adjacent net cages are used a unit, and feeding is conducted for N turns in the clockwise direction or anticlockwise direction, wherein N is a natural number; (2) after feeding is conducted on one unit, feeding is conducted on the next unit in the same way, feeding is conducted repeatedly in the same way until feeding is conducted on test net cages of a whole group, and in this way, a feeding round is completed; (3) the step (1) and the step (2) are executed again until m feeding rounds are completed, wherein M is a natural number. According to the manual net cage precipitable feed feeding method, the N turns*M rounds feeding mode is adopted, during the N feeding turns, a time interval exists between every two turns, so that fish can swallow feed after gathering the feed, and it is avoided that the feed is dissolved in water and wasted due to the fact that the feed is not eaten by the fish in time; the feed can be evenly fed in a distributed mode through the M feeding rounds, a fish school can easily eat the feed in batches, waste of the feed is avoided, and the difference among the fish school is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aquaculture, particularly a kind of artificial net cage precipitability feedstuff feeding method.
Background technology
China is aquaculture big country, and aquaculture develops rapidly in recent years, and aquaculture scale constantly expands.Dissimilar aquatic biological shows different habits in propagating process artificially, for the composition of feed, requires to be also not quite similar.The various character of feed be related to aquatic biological ingest quality, residual bait number, growth rate and efficiency of feed utilization, for different aquatic biologicals, need to prepare different feeds, even same fish also need the different feed formula of feeding in the different nursing stages.Granular mixed feed is main feed, because of its convenient transportation, stores relatively stablely, and occupation rate of market is main flow level.But pellet also has certain defect, first water stability is poor, settling velocity is fast, if the shoal of fish does not eat whole feeds timely, so remaining bait will soon decompose in water, sedimentation, cause the waste of feed nutrition, more serious also can cause the pollution of water quality, has influence on the healthy growth of aquatic products.
In prior art existing a large amount of about the water stability of feed, the research of rate of settling report.The research direction of main flow, mainly with the modification of feed, promotes feed water float ability and fish feed absorbing capacity; Or for different types of aquatic biological, take specific feeding patterns, improve aquatic products feeding rate, growth rate, and then improve production capacity, reduce costs.
The people such as the Zhao Qiancheng (impact of extruding on particle aquatic feeds character, Dalian aquatic product Academy journal, 2008,23 (4): research 300-303.) shows that extrusion cooking has obviously improved the dissolution rate of protein in pellet, feed floatability with fish meal and beans cypress mixing formula is best, pellet has very strong water imbibition in seawater, and the pellet water imbibition that the beans cypress of take is raw material is the strongest.Twin (double) screw extruder, take fish meal, beans cypress and corn flour is raw material, can produce the aquatic granulated feed that floatability is good and protein digestibility is raw high.Its research is only for special formulation composition feed, and while changing feed ingredient for different aquatic biologicals, pellet is difficult to continue the floatability or the protein digestibility that keep good.
Chinese patent CN103621443A discloses a kind of based on throw something and feed female swamp eel parent's breeding method of intermittence, comprise the steps: 1, selecting by the end of October then specification is that the eel kind of 6-10g enters the net cage of surviving the winter, to mid-November, when water temperature is lower than 15 ℃, stop throwing something and feeding to eel kind, 2, after eel kind is survived the winter, to late March water temperature, start to throw something and feed to it during higher than 15 ℃, the circulation of taking fasting to throw something and feed again 4 days for the 1 day pattern of throwing something and feeding, the frequency of throwing something and feeding is to throw something and feed every day once, 3, female eel parent specification is the cultivation before 50g-60g extremely breeds, the circulation of taking fasting to throw something and feed again 2 days for the 1 day pattern of throwing something and feeding.For the growth characteristics of swamp eel, selected the suitable nursing cycle, adjust Feeding time, the feeding volume of yellow eel, improve female parent's resistance and reduced the input of cultivating in batches female swamp eel parent.But this is only the nursing for specific aquatic products kind, does not have universality, be difficult to be generalized in the aquatic products nursing of other kind.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome existing feed sedimentation decomposition in prior art, problem that bait utilization is low, a kind of artificial net cage precipitability feedstuff feeding method is provided.The inventive method is particularly useful for the artificial small size net cage of research and development base and throws something and feeds.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
An artificial net cage precipitability feedstuff feeding method, comprises the following steps:
(1) take the adjacent net cage of four-hole is a unit, and by clockwise or counterclockwise, the N that throws something and feeds turns/encloses, described N is natural number.By the four-hole net cage to adjacent, throw something and feed continuously successively, can make the feed of throwing something and feeding rhythmical in batches enter water, make aquatic biological have enough eating times, prevent bait waste.Preferably, 1≤N≤6.Turn/the number of turns of the circulation of continuous dosing is appropriate, because the most digestive tract of aquatic biological is shorter, is difficult to a large amount of bait of taking food at short notice.Preferably, the net cage that described four-hole is adjacent is sphere of movements for the elephants type and arranges.Be sphere of movements for the elephants type adjacent net cage space arranged evenly minimum, the manpower consumption of Manual material feeding is minimum.
(2) thrown something and fed behind a unit, by the identical mode of throwing something and feeding, continued adjacent next unit and throw something and feed, so repeated until total group test net cage has been thrown something and fed, as one, taken turns the process of throwing something and feeding.Artificial net cage quantity is more, selects adjacent net cage to adopt in a like fashion and throws something and feeds, and reduces the consumption of moved by hand energy, improves the efficiency of throwing something and feeding.
(3) repeating step (1-2), completes M wheel and throws something and feeds, and described M is natural number.According to different aquatic products species eating habits, adjust rhythm and the speed of feeding, in M wheel is thrown something and fed process, complete aquatic biological fully effectively throws something and feeds.Preferably, 1≤M≤6, the number of times of throwing something and feeding is controlled between 1-6 wheel, is the good coordination of the number of times to throw something and feed wheel number and throw something and feed every day at every turn.
Further, in another embodiment of the present invention, x the net cage of walk crosswise/file of take is a unit, and from left to right, or order is from top to bottom carried out Lian Xu and thrown something and fed.Order and the speed of for the different artificial net cages of arranging, can suitable adjustment throwing something and feeding, the progress that reasonably optimizing is thrown something and fed.Preferably, 1≤x≤6.
Further, the every group of net cage number of throwing something and feeding should be no more than 60 mouthfuls.The habit of considering the speed of manually throwing something and feeding and aquatic biological feed, every networking box number is no more than 60 mouthfuls, in order to avoid workman all to throw something and feed and occurs the excessive workload of throwing something and feeding in order to complete in the cycle in aquatic biological feed.
Further, preferably Feeding time is less than 40 minutes.Aquatic biological has the different feed cycles separately, so Feeding time is generally unsuitable long, is controlled in 40 minutes and is advisable.
Certainly, for different aquatic biologicals, the mode of throwing something and feeding of turn * M of described N wheel, can determine revolution and wheel numerical value flexibly according to the kind of fish and vegetative stage.
Further, the mode of throwing something and feeding of turn * M of described N wheel, can determine revolution and wheel numerical value flexibly according to weather, the situation of ingesting.The feed habit of aquatic biological is easily subject to the impact of the factors such as weather, water temperature,
compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention:
(1) mode of throwing something and feeding of turn * M of N wheel, N moves on in the process of feeding, every adjacent two move on in the process of feeding and have certain time interval, and the process that has the regular hour to complete after allowing fish search for food to swallow and effectively complete next action of searching for food, avoids feed not ingest in time and molten water is wasted; M wheel is thrown something and fed and can be made the even component of feed throw something and feed, be also conducive to simultaneously specification slightly difference, rob the differentiated fish of the same race of food and ingest in batches, avoid feed waste, dwindle fish specification difference.
(2) mode of throwing something and feeding of turn * M of N wheel, makes each net cage often turn every Feeding time interval of taking turns and is substantially consistent, and is convenient to when even throw something and feed.
Accompanying drawing explanation:
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram that sphere of movements for the elephants shape unit clockwise direction is thrown something and fed.
Fig. 2 is that 4 * 10 net cages carry out clockwise direction one and take turns the schematic flow sheet of throwing something and feeding.In figure, all net cages form all net cages that this group is thrown something and fed.
Fig. 3 is main-process stream schematic diagram of the invention process.
Mark in figure: the 1-direction of throwing something and feeding clockwise unit, the direction signal of throwing something and feeding of the clockwise M wheel of 2-.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with test example and embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.But this should be interpreted as to the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention only limits to following embodiment, all technology realizing based on content of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
In certain research and development base, the artificial small size crucian of 60 net cage/groups is raised in pond, carries out net cage (cage size 1 * 1 * 1.5) and throws something and feeds.Every rearing in box is supported crucian 100 tails of counterpoise 28.75g, and the particle diameter of throwing something and feeding is the sinking pellet diet of Ф 2.0, and feeding rate is 3%, and every natural gift are thrown something and fed for 4 times.As shown in Figure 1, the mode of throwing something and feeding be take 4 mouthfuls of net cages as a unit, and by clockwise (or counterclockwise) direction, throwing something and feeding 3 turns, and continues next unit (next organizes 4 mouthfuls of net cages) and throws something and feeds, until total group test net cage thrown something and fed, as shown in Figure 2 behind the unit of having thrown something and fed.Start again new one and take turns and throw something and feed, throw something and feed altogether and 5 take turns, 3 turn * 5 modes of throwing something and feeding of taking turns, throw something and feed 30 minutes consuming time.Feed continuously 56 days, trapping crucian is weighed, and crucian rate of body weight gain is 102%, feed coefficient 1.90.
Comparative example 1
Adopt same net cage (cage size 1 * 1 * 1.5) to feed crucian 100 tails of average weight 28.80g, the particle diameter of throwing something and feeding is the sinking pellet diet of Ф 2.0, feeding rate 3%.Adopt traditional mode of throwing something and feeding, disposablely complete and feed intake successively, feed intake every day 4 times.Feed 56 days continuously, trapping crucian is weighed, crucian body weight gain 90%, feed coefficient 2.21.
Crucian body weight gain rate, the bait utilization that adopts traditional feeding patterns to feed is starkly lower than the crucian that the inventive method is raised.
Embodiment 2
In certain research and development base, the artificial small size grass carp of 40 net cage/groups is raised in pond, and carry out net cage (cage size 1 * 1 * 1.5) and throw something and feed.Every rearing in box is supported grass carp 70 tails of counterpoise 168.50g, and the particle diameter of throwing something and feeding is the pellet of Ф 3.5, and feeding rate is 4%, divides equally 3 every day and throws something and feeds.The mode of throwing something and feeding take that to walk crosswise 4 mouthfuls of adjacent net cages be a unit, and by order from left to right, throwing something and feeding 4 turns, and continues next unit (next organizes 4 mouthfuls of net cages) and throws something and feeds, until total group test net cage has been thrown something and fed behind the unit of having thrown something and fed.Start again new one and take turns and throw something and feed, throw something and feed altogether and 6 take turns, 4 turn * 6 modes of throwing something and feeding of taking turns, throw something and feed 22 minutes consuming time.Feed 56 days continuously, trapping grass carp is weighed, and grass carp rate of body weight gain is 188%, and feed coefficient is 1.37.
Comparative example 2
Adopt same net cage to feed grass carp 70 tails of average weight 168.8g, the particle diameter of throwing something and feeding is the pellet of Ф 3.5.Feeding rate is 4%, and bait throwing in mode is similar to comparative example 1, and every natural gift are thrown something and fed for 3 times, adopts traditional mode of throwing something and feeding.Feed 56 days continuously, trapping grass carp is weighed, grass carp rate of body weight gain tail 162%, feed coefficient 1.58.
Grass carp body weight gain rate, the bait utilization that adopts traditional feeding patterns to feed is starkly lower than the grass carp that the inventive method is raised.
Embodiment 3
In certain research and development base, the artificial small size carp of 30 net cage/groups is raised in pond, and carry out net cage (cage size 1 * 1 * 1.5) and throw something and feed.Every rearing in box is supported grass carp 70 tails of counterpoise 38.00g, and the particle diameter of throwing something and feeding is the pellet of Ф 2.0, and feeding rate is 5%, divides equally 3 every day and throws something and feeds.The mode of throwing something and feeding take that to walk crosswise 4 mouthfuls of adjacent net cages be a unit, and by order from left to right, throwing something and feeding 4 turns, and continues next unit (next organizes 4 mouthfuls of net cages) and throws something and feeds, until total group test net cage has been thrown something and fed behind the unit of having thrown something and fed.Start again new one and take turns and throw something and feed, throw something and feed altogether and 4 take turns, 4 turn * 3 modes of throwing something and feeding of taking turns, throw something and feed 22 minutes consuming time.Feed 56 days continuously, trapping carp is weighed, and carp rate of body weight gain is 318%, and feed coefficient is 1.20.
Comparative example 3
Adopt same net cage to feed grass carp 70 tails of average weight 38.02g, the particle diameter of throwing something and feeding is the pellet of Ф 2.0.Feeding rate is 5%, and bait throwing in mode is similar to comparative example 1, divides equally 3 every day and throws something and feeds, and adopts traditional mode of throwing something and feeding.Feed 56 days continuously, trapping grass carp is weighed, carp rate of body weight gain tail 228%, feed coefficient 1.43.
Carp body weight gain rate, the bait utilization that adopts traditional feeding patterns to feed is starkly lower than the carp that the inventive method is raised.
Claims (10)
1. an artificial net cage precipitability feedstuff feeding method, comprises the following steps:
(1) take the adjacent net cage of four-hole is a unit, and by clockwise or counterclockwise, the N that throws something and feeds turns, described N is natural number;
(2) thrown something and fed behind a unit, by the identical mode of throwing something and feeding, continued next unit and throw something and feed, so repeated until total group test net cage has been thrown something and fed, as one, taken turns the process of throwing something and feeding;
(3) repeating step (1-2), completes M wheel and throws something and feeds, and described M is natural number.
2. feeding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the net cage that described four-hole is adjacent is sphere of movements for the elephants type and arranges.
3. feeding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that 1≤N≤6.
4. feeding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (1), x the net cage of walk crosswise/file of take is a unit, and from left to right, or order from top to bottom carries out Lian Xu and throw something and feed, and described x is natural number.
5. feeding method as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that 1≤x≤6.
6. feeding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that 1≤M≤6.
7. feeding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the every group of net cage number of throwing something and feeding should be no more than 60 mouthfuls.
8. feeding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, total Feeding time is less than 40 minutes.
9. feeding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the mode of throwing something and feeding of turn * M of described N wheel can be determined revolution and wheel numerical value flexibly according to the kind of fish and vegetative stage.
10. feeding method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the mode of throwing something and feeding of turn * M of described N wheel can be determined revolution and wheel numerical value flexibly according to weather, the situation of ingesting.
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| CN201410304808.9A CN104026054B (en) | 2014-06-30 | 2014-06-30 | Manual net cage precipitable feed feeding method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112889733A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-06-04 | 北京市水产科学研究所（国家淡水渔业工程技术研究中心） | Observation system for feeding behavior of aquatic organisms |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103270980A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-04 | 池州市绿油油农业发展有限公司 | Casting feeding method for young leiocassis longirostris |
| CN103270981A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-04 | 池州市绿油油农业发展有限公司 | Casting feeding method for breeding young grass carps |
| CN103283662A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-11 | 赵国才 | Combined type floating mat automatic bait-casting cultivation device |
| CN103621443A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-12 | 长江大学 | Method for breeding female parental finless eels based on intermittent feeding |
-
2014
- 2014-06-30 CN CN201410304808.9A patent/CN104026054B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103283662A (en) * | 2012-02-28 | 2013-09-11 | 赵国才 | Combined type floating mat automatic bait-casting cultivation device |
| CN103270980A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-04 | 池州市绿油油农业发展有限公司 | Casting feeding method for young leiocassis longirostris |
| CN103270981A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-04 | 池州市绿油油农业发展有限公司 | Casting feeding method for breeding young grass carps |
| CN103621443A (en) * | 2013-11-28 | 2014-03-12 | 长江大学 | Method for breeding female parental finless eels based on intermittent feeding |
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| 梁纯毅: "水库发展大网箱养鱼主要技术", 《中国水产》 * |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112889733A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-06-04 | 北京市水产科学研究所（国家淡水渔业工程技术研究中心） | Observation system for feeding behavior of aquatic organisms |
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