CN104026005A - High-efficiency screening method of cucumber rootstock material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-efficiency screening method of a cucumber rootstock material. The high-efficiency screening method of the cucumber rootstock material comprises the following steps of 1, seed selection, 2, accelerating germination, 3, sowing, 4, grafting and 5, colonization growth. The high-efficiency screening method realizes property identification and generation-adding seed collecting in one generation time and effectively improves rootstock breeding efficiency.

Description

A kind of high-efficiency screening method of cucumber stock material

Technical field

The present invention relates to vegetable breeding technical field, particularly a kind of high-efficiency screening method of cucumber stock material.

Background technology

The annual area under cultivation of China cucumber reaches 1,800 ten thousand mu, and wherein 42% left and right is the cultivation of protection ground.In cucumber cultivation, the most important thing is thoroughly to prevent and treat soil-borne disease " fusarium wilt ", fusarium wilt is again dead arm, is commonly called as dead seedling, it is one of Major Diseases of cucumber, the general incidence of disease is in 20%～30% left and right, and serious plot reaches 80%～90%, even all ruins kind.Therefore, preventing and treating fusarium wilt is in cucumber cultivation, to pay the utmost attention to the key problem in technology of solution.Fusarium oxysporum can be survived 3 years in soil, grows to 7～8 years, and continuous cropping obstacle is serious.The most frequently used method of past is to carry out the crop rotation of 8-10.But along with the expansion of cultivated area, particularly protection ground enlarged areas, is more and more difficult to avoid by soil crop rotation the harm of fusarium wilt, in cucumber production in the urgent need to solving as early as possible this technical barrier.Utilizing disease-resistant stock variety to carry out graft seedling growth cultivation, is the advanced technology that can effectively prevent fusarium wilt.Grafting can strengthen the resistance of scion crop to damage by disease and insect, promote the absorption to liquid manure and strengthen growth potential, also can strengthen resistance.But grafting cultivation need to have good stock variety, high resistance to wilt good, can have very high graft compatibility and symbiosis compatibility with cucumber, can not affect again the quality and yield of cucumber, also will have supporting graft seedling growth technology.

The first generation graft stock that cucumber adopts is black seed pumpkin, its advantage is that compatibility is good, low temperature resistant, bring into play very large effect in production, but along with using for many years, its disease resistance can not meet need of production, the normal early ageing phenomenon that occurs, is progressively replaced by the stock of hybridization pumpkin class, at present, after grafting, can remove cucumber sugar-preserved gourd surface wax powder, the stock that increases sugar-preserved gourd surface brightness is more welcome on producing.In the time of this type of stock of seed selection, to whether there is wax powder to screen stock parent material by the qualification cucumber sugar-preserved gourd surface of tying after grafting, that is to say not only and will carry out isolation and selection to stock material, also to screen the material of removing wax powder by grafting, per generation seed selection is with the time in two generations, slow in efficiency.

Current stock breeding method is all the grafting qualification of stock and add generation and reserve seed for planting and separately carry out, and needs the time in two generations.The one, cultivated area that need to be larger, the 2nd, on Breeding progress, the time is slow.

Summary of the invention

For the defect existing in prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-efficiency screening method of cucumber stock material, a generation solves the problem in two generations, improves breeding efficiency, saves practice ground and accelerates Breeding progress.

A high-efficiency screening method for cucumber stock material, concrete step is as follows:

1) seed selection

There is the cucumber seeds of wax powder on the sugar-preserved gourd surface of choosing Pumpkin Seed and equate with Pumpkin Seed quantity;

2) vernalization

Cucumber seeds vernalization, first seed is immersed in 50-55 DEG C of water and keep water temperature 15-20 minute, then add cold water to be adjusted to room temperature and continue to soak 4-6 hour, pull out, wrap and be put in vernalization in 28 DEG C of insulating boxs with wet cloth, approximately 20 hours the long 0.2-0.3 of bud centimetre time, vernalization finishes;

After 2 days, Pumpkin Seed vernalization, first immerses seed in 50-55 DEG C of water and keeps water temperature 8-10 hour, then add cold water to be adjusted to room temperature and continue to soak 4-6 hour, pull out, wrap and be put in vernalization in 28 DEG C of insulating boxs with wet cloth, approximately 20 hours the long 0.2-0.3 of bud centimetre time, vernalization finishes;

3) sowing

Seed of Fructus Cucumidis sativi after vernalization is sowed, sowed pumpkin kind when seed of Fructus Cucumidis sativi emergence rate exceedes 30% again, cucumber seeds is sowed in 70 hole dishes, 2, every cave, and pumpkin kind is sowed in the pot for growing seedlings of 10 centimetres of 10 cm x;

4) grafting

Pumpkin, as stock, in the time that pumpkin rough leaf is launched, is used inarching method grafting, healing survives after rear stock growing point grows lateral bud and does not remove, in process of growth, every 5 days, the true leaf of growing up is destroyed, retained the growing point of stock, field planting when cucumber true leaf reaches 2; Field planting is completely cured cucumber in first 5 days;

5) field planting growth

After field planting, until cucumber knot melon was extractd a larger blade of pumpkin every 3 days, in the time that cucumber sugar-preserved gourd reaches 9-11cm length, range estimation judges whether sugar-preserved gourd surface has wax powder, determine the plant of wax powder-free, cut climing cucumber, appoint the pumpkin length of overgrowing, bloom to pollination self and reserve seed for planting.

The high-efficiency screening method of a kind of cucumber stock material of the present invention, realizes Characters Identification and Jia Dai two targets of collecting seed with the time of a generation, effectively improves the efficiency of stock breeding.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

Test material: the pumpkin class of also not isozygotying in breeding process stock intermediate materials " full 13-5 ", derive from: a stock variety of Heilungkiang Quan Fu seedling Co., Ltd, selfing separated for two generations, and Grafted Cucumber Seedling shows a part of plant cucumber wax powder, a part of plant cucumber wax powder-free; Cucumber variety: emerald green (cultivar origin: new strong female sex premature, disease-resistant, the high-yield cucumber half-blood being bred as in academy of agricultural sciences of Qingdao City, sugar-preserved gourd tool wax powder)

Test method: a kind of high-efficiency screening method of cucumber stock material, concrete step is as follows:

1) seed selection

60 of pumpkin intermediate materials selected seeds, 60 of emerald green cucumber seeds.

2) vernalization

Cucumber seeds vernalization, first immerses seed in 50 DEG C of water and keeps water temperature 20 minutes, then adds cold water to be adjusted to room temperature and continues to soak 6 hours, pulls out, wraps and is put in vernalization in 28 DEG C of insulating boxs with wet cloth, and approximately 20 hours the long 0.2-0.3 of bud centimetre time, vernalization finishes.

Pumpkin Seed vernalization after 2 days, first immerses seed in 50 DEG C of water and keeps water temperature 10 hours, then adds cold water to be adjusted to room temperature and continues to soak 6 hours, pulls out, wraps and is put in vernalization in 28 DEG C of insulating boxs with wet cloth, and approximately 20 hours the long 0.2-0.3 of bud centimetre time, vernalization finishes;

3) sowing

Seed of Fructus Cucumidis sativi after vernalization is sowed, sowed pumpkin kind when seed of Fructus Cucumidis sativi emergence rate exceedes 30% again, cucumber seeds is sowed in 70 hole dishes, 2, every cave, and pumpkin kind is sowed in the pot for growing seedlings of 10 centimetres of 10 cm x.

4) grafting

Pumpkin is as stock, in the time that pumpkin rough leaf is launched, use inarching method grafting, healing survives after rear stock growing point grows lateral bud does not remove, in process of growth, every 5 days, the true leaf of growing up is destroyed, retain the growing point of stock, field planting when cucumber true leaf reaches 2, field planting is completely cured cucumber in first 5 days;

5) field planting growth

When field planting, note not burying too deeply, prevent that cucumber from taking root.After field planting until cucumber knot melon every 3 days, the pumpkin blade of growing up is destroyed, cucumber sugar-preserved gourd reach 9-11cm when long range estimation judge whether sugar-preserved gourd surface has wax powder, determines the plant of wax powder-free, cut climing cucumber, the pumpkin length of overgrowing, blooms to pollination self and reserves seed for planting.

6) result of the test

Through qualification pumpkin intermediate materials " full 13-5 ", Grafted Cucumber Seedling survives 50 strains, and field planting 18 strains wherein have 11 strains can remove cucumber surface wax powder, and selfing is in time reserved seed for planting, and other 7 strains can not be removed cucumber surface wax powder, pull out in time.

Embodiment 2

Test material: pumpkin class stock inbred line, 4-2-3-6,20-17-5-6, fiery 5-8-4, northern 1-2-2-6 and square 6-4-5-5, be selected from the stock inbred line that academy of agricultural sciences of Qingdao City is bred as, cucumber variety: emerald green (sugar-preserved gourd tool wax powder)

Test method: a kind of high-efficiency screening method of cucumber stock material, concrete step is as follows:

1) seed selection

Every part of Pumpkin Inbred Lines is chosen seeds sub each 60,300 of emerald green cucumber seeds.

2) vernalization

Cucumber seeds vernalization, first immerses seed in 55 DEG C of water and keeps water temperature 15 minutes, then adds cold water to be adjusted to room temperature and continues to soak 4 hours, pulls out, wraps and is put in vernalization in 28 DEG C of insulating boxs with wet cloth, and approximately 20 hours the long 0.2-0.3 of bud centimetre time, vernalization finishes.

Pumpkin Seed vernalization after 2 days, first immerses seed in 55 DEG C of water and keeps water temperature 8 hours, then adds cold water to be adjusted to room temperature and continues to soak 4 hours, pulls out, wraps and is put in vernalization in 28 DEG C of insulating boxs with wet cloth, and approximately 20 hours the long 0.2-0.3 of bud centimetre time, vernalization finishes;

3) sowing

Seed of Fructus Cucumidis sativi after vernalization is sowed, sowed pumpkin kind when seed of Fructus Cucumidis sativi emergence rate exceedes 30% again, cucumber seeds is sowed in 70 hole dishes, 2, every cave, and pumpkin kind is sowed in the pot for growing seedlings of 10 centimetres of 10 cm x.

4) grafting

Pumpkin is as stock, in the time that pumpkin rough leaf is launched, use inarching method grafting, healing survives after rear stock growing point grows lateral bud does not remove, in process of growth, every 5 days, the true leaf of growing up is destroyed, retain the growing point of stock, field planting when cucumber true leaf reaches 2, field planting is completely cured cucumber in first 5 days.

5) field planting growth

When field planting, note not burying too deeply, prevent that cucumber from taking root.After field planting until cucumber knot melon every 3 days, the pumpkin blade of growing up is destroyed, cucumber sugar-preserved gourd reach 9-11cm when long range estimation judge whether sugar-preserved gourd surface has wax powder, determines the plant of wax powder-free, cut climing cucumber, the pumpkin length of overgrowing, blooms to pollination self and reserves seed for planting.

6) result of the test

Through qualification 4-2-3-6, after tri-inbred line Grafted Cucumber Seedlings of 20-17-5-6 and fiery 5-8-4, can remove cucumber surface wax powder, increase sugar-preserved gourd brightness, and carried out selfing seed collecting; After north 1-2-2-6 and two inbred line Grafted Cucumber Seedlings of square 6-4-5-5, do not remove the function of cucumber surface wax powder.

Claims (1)

1. a high-efficiency screening method for cucumber stock material, is characterized in that concrete step is as follows:

1) seed selection

There is the cucumber seeds of wax powder on the sugar-preserved gourd surface of choosing Pumpkin Seed and equate with Pumpkin Seed quantity;

2) vernalization

Cucumber seeds vernalization, first seed is immersed in 50-55 DEG C of water and keep water temperature 15-20 minute, then add cold water to be adjusted to room temperature and continue to soak 4-6 hour, pull out, wrap and be put in vernalization in 28 DEG C of insulating boxs with wet cloth, approximately 20 hours the long 0.2-0.3 of bud centimetre time, vernalization finishes;

After 2 days, Pumpkin Seed vernalization, first immerses seed in 50-55 DEG C of water and keeps water temperature 8-10 hour, then add cold water to be adjusted to room temperature and continue to soak 4-6 hour, pull out, wrap and be put in vernalization in 28 DEG C of insulating boxs with wet cloth, approximately 20 hours the long 0.2-0.3 of bud centimetre time, vernalization finishes;

3) sowing

Seed of Fructus Cucumidis sativi after vernalization is sowed, sowed pumpkin kind when seed of Fructus Cucumidis sativi emergence rate exceedes 30% again, cucumber seeds is sowed in 70 hole dishes, 2, every cave, and pumpkin kind is sowed in the pot for growing seedlings of 10 centimetres of 10 cm x;

4) grafting

Pumpkin, as stock, in the time that pumpkin rough leaf is launched, is used inarching method grafting, healing survives after rear stock growing point grows lateral bud and does not remove, in process of growth, every 5 days, the true leaf of growing up is destroyed, retained the growing point of stock, field planting when cucumber true leaf reaches 2; Field planting is completely cured cucumber in first 5 days;

5) field planting growth

After field planting, until cucumber knot melon was extractd a larger blade of pumpkin every 3 days, in the time that cucumber sugar-preserved gourd reaches 9-11cm length, range estimation judges whether sugar-preserved gourd surface has wax powder, determine the plant of wax powder-free, cut climing cucumber, appoint the pumpkin length of overgrowing, bloom to pollination self and reserve seed for planting.