CN104026003A

CN104026003A - High-yield wheat variety breeding method

Info

Publication number: CN104026003A
Application number: CN201410254627.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭高升
Original assignee: South Xiangfen County Jia Gaosheng Corn Planting Specialty Co-Operative Organization
Current assignee: South Xiangfen County Jia Gaosheng Corn Planting Specialty Co-Operative Organization
Priority date: 2014-06-10
Filing date: 2014-06-10
Publication date: 2014-09-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield wheat variety breeding method, which belongs to the technical field of crop breeding, and can guarantee that the number of grains per spike is more than 50. According to the technical scheme, the high-yield wheat variety breeding method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting mutant seeds, which are named as F1, with the spike length of 14cm-16cm and the number of grains of each spike of 60-80, and performing dibble seeding on large and full seeds in the autumn of the year; (2) harvesting clusters of F1 keeping 60-80 grains in the next year, and performing dibble seeding on large and full seeds in the autumn of the year; (3) repeating the step (2) twice or three times; (4) after the secondary or third dibble seeding is performed like the step (3), taking out male flowers from the robust clusters of F1, performing bagging and closing, pollinating the clusters of F1 by the male flowers of Ji wheat #22, finally closing the clusters which are named as F2; and (5) harvesting F2 in the next year to obtain the high-yield wheat variety.

Description

A kind of High-yield Wheat Varieties breeding method

Technical field

A kind of High-yield Wheat Varieties breeding method of the present invention, belongs to plant breeding technique field.

Background technology

China is a traditional large agricultural country, in recent years, due to the correct principles policy of reform and opening-up, communications, enterprise, entertainment cause, cities and towns premises exploitation tourist industry etc. develops rapidly, and appropriation of land amount is equated to huge many.Increase total amount to grain is only made an effort in breeding, increases the yield per unit area, and is only and increases grain aggregate fundamental solution.Particularly wheat, is the highest fine grain crop of nutrition in unique crops.How to improve wheat gross yield, grain number per spike amount is the basic factor that determines wheat yield.The large fringe kind of past wheat, exists spike length row rare, and grain number per spike is few, and row's grain number be take 3 as main, and 2 is auxiliary, and individual plant is tillered few, and the thin and high easily lodging of cane, should not cultivate popularization, substantially superseded.

In wheat planting process, occur what large fringe, the mutant species of many still can more often run into, take these mutant specieies as parent carries out seed selection and/or hybridization, be conducive to obtain the new variety of wheat of high yield.This is also the main source of existing High-yield Wheat Varieties.But, existing fringe high yielding variety, its grain number per spike is all in 40, although be that low cane is resistant to lodging, yield potential is little.Under equal conditions, grain number per spike increases by 10, by the standards of three four (mu spike number 400,000,40 of grain number per spikes, 40 grams of thousand kernel weight) mu, can increase production 160kg, amplification 8%.

Summary of the invention

The present invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, and technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of grain number per spike can surpass the High-yield Wheat breeding method of 50.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of High-yield Wheat Varieties breeding method, comprises the steps:

(1) select spike length 14-16cm then, the mutant species of Grain number per spike 60-80, name F1, selects wherein large grain, fertile grain seed, in autumn program request then;

(2) the fringe grain of gathering remains on the fruit ear of the F1 of 60-80 grain next year, selects large grain, fertile grain seed, in autumn program request then;

(3) step (2) repeats 2-3 time;

(4) after step (3) the 2nd time or the 3rd program request, select the fruit ear of healthy and strong F1 to take out the sealing of male flower bagging, select No. 22, Jimai, take the fruit ear pollination that its male flower is described F1, finally sealing, name F2;

(5) the next year F2 that gathers, obtains High-yield Wheat Varieties.

But, in grain number per spike mutant species Breeding Process how, at solar term weather conditions, change in normal situation, be prone to leaf rust, therefore, in order to keep the health of fringe kind, need to be in the process of step (2) and step (3) plantation seed selection seed, late May next year after program request (leaf rust generally appears at this stage) sprays triadimefon, alkene azoles alcohol twice, carries out afterwards potassium dihydrogen phosphate again and sprays.

Compared with prior art the present invention has following beneficial effect.

The high yield wheat seeds that method of the present invention is bred as, had both overcome the high grain of past large spike stem few, the shortcoming of lodging; Overcome again the low grain number per spike of existing kind stem few, the shortcoming that yield potential is little.Have resistant to lodging, grain number per spike and reach 50-55 grain, the advantage that yield potential is large, is a maximum kind of grain number in current wheat breed.

The blank of High-yield Wheat Varieties both domestic and external has been filled up in the breeding of this wheat breed.This kind mu volume increase 160kg in the existing cultivated area of China calculates, and Ke Gei China increases the output of tens billion of jin of wheats, has very great Social benefit and economic benefit.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.

Embodiment

The selection of No. 1 (F1) wheat breed of promotion, 2009 in the 15 wheat breed field mutation discoveries of stone wheat and seed selection.Found at that time strain five tillers, long fringe, many types, fringe kind, autumn in 2009 carry out the dibbling to 2013 of head progeny row paving year continuously a purification seed selection form, within 2013, cultivate 2 fringes, No. 1, called after Xiangfen (F2) with Jimai 22 hybridization.Dibbling in autumn in 2013, cultivates good many type kinds of grain number per spike 50-55 grain for 2014 smoothly, new varieties is provided to China's wheat unit are volume increase.Specific as follows

1,2009, in No. 15 wheat breed fields of stone wheat, find mutation kinds, strain five tillers at that time, the about 15cm of spike length, 5 grain number per spikes are respectively 64-80 grain, substantially reach common wheat two fringe grain number per spikes.

2, large of choosing respectively from 5 fringes, fertile grain 35-40 grain, head progeny row paving dibbling after being numbered respectively 09 year autumn.In late May, 2010 observes, and finds that fringe position leaf (boot leaf) lower blade has leaf rust, through spraying triadimefon, twice disleaf of alkene azoles alcohol rust, after carry out again potassium dihydrogen phosphate and spray, make wheatear keep original fringe kind.

3, after autumn harvest on June 10 in 2010,70% fringe remains on 60-80 grain, large grain, and fertile grain is all selected, and granule is eliminated, head progeny row paving dibbling autumn in 2010, equal conditions management.

4, on May 7th, 2011, early stage temperature is high, without leaf rust phenomenon, again carries out seed selection autumn.

5, in late May, 2012, early stage, temperature was low, found leaf rust phenomenon.Program request in autumn in 2012, in late May, 2013 is found again leaf rust phenomenon.

In the same year, in No. 1 (F1) pollination period of promotion, bagging sealing is carried out in choosing wherein 2 strains taking-up male flowers, then selects No. 22, two strain Jimais, gets its male flower and rises No. 1 pollination of (F1) wheat, finally sealing to above two plant heights.And No. 1, called after Xiangfen (F2).

6, No. 1, the two fringe Xiangfen (F2) of gathering separately on June 10th, 2013, fringe grain is full, carries out 2 ear selections in September, 2013 and educates, the program request of head progeny row paving, 30 of every fringes; No. 1 (F1) fringe kind of promotion of simultaneously simultaneously gathering with condition sowing.

7, observe on May 20th, 2014, No. 1 (F1) wheat breed of promotion still has leaf rust to exist, and Xiangfen No. 1 (F2) do not have leaf rust, and more than fringe grain all keeps 50-55 grain, fringe kind seed selection success.

The present invention can summarize with other the concrete form without prejudice to spirit of the present invention or principal character.Therefore, no matter from which point, above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention all can only think explanation of the present invention can not limit invention, claims have been pointed out scope of the present invention, and scope of the present invention is not pointed out in above-mentioned explanation, therefore,, in the implication suitable with claims of the present invention and any variation in scope, all should think to be included in the scope of claims.

Claims

1. a High-yield Wheat Varieties breeding method, is characterized in that comprising the steps:

(3) step (2) repeats 2-3 time;

(5) the next year F2 that gathers, obtains High-yield Wheat Varieties.

2. a kind of High-yield Wheat Varieties breeding method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in the process of step (2) and step (3) plantation seed selection seed, late May next year after program request sprays triadimefon, alkene azoles alcohol twice, carries out afterwards potassium dihydrogen phosphate again and sprays.