CN104025970A

CN104025970A - Drought-resisting afforesting and grass growing method for mining area

Info

Publication number: CN104025970A
Application number: CN201410244367.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 曹世雄; 鲁晨曦
Original assignee: Beijing Forestry University
Current assignee: Beijing Forestry University
Priority date: 2014-06-04
Filing date: 2014-06-04
Publication date: 2014-09-10

Abstract

The invention discloses a drought-resisting afforesting and grass growing method for a mining area. Firstly, local tree seeds suitable to be planted in the local mining area are selected, and manual watering afforestation is performed on degenerated land in the spring seeding season with a traditional technology; then the land surface is raked to be flat with a manual land preparation method, and local grass seeds suitable to be planted locally are selected and scattered onto the land surface manually; finally, the land surface after seeding is covered with pollution-free slag and rubble which are discarded in the mining area during mining to finish slag-covering afforestation and grass growing. Due to the rubble and the slag covering the land surface, the land surface roughness is increased, the land surface wind speed is decreased, the implantation and sprout probability of the plant seeds is guaranteed, meanwhile, land surface water evaporation can be prevented, growth and development of the trees and grass are promoted, the discarded rubber and slag can be changed into wealth, the ecological environment of the mining area is improved, and the environmental pollution is reduced. The method is particularly applicable to ecological restoration and environmental protection in arid and semi-arid desertification mining areas.

Description

For the drought resisting forestation kind grass method in mining area

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of planting trees and grass method, particularly a kind of suitable drought resisting forestation kind grass method using of afforesting in arid, semiarid desertification mining area, belongs to plant cultivation field.

Background technology

China is a country that desertification is serious, is also the country of a water resource wretched insufficiency, meanwhile, or a rich in mineral resources, the country that exploitation of mineral resources is active.Wherein, a large amount of abandoned mines and the slag laydown area that when mineral products excavation, form, not only taken limited land resources, and arbitrarily heap is released and can be caused the environmental hazards such as pollution, water and soil loss, debris flow, enjoys and denounces in modern society.

In recent years, mining industry field of Environment Protection has carried out a series of research around the processing of slag the like waste, comprises artificial landfill, land reclamation in mining area, mine planting trees and grass etc.But the discarded object of these researchs during all using mine development administered as harmful substance, lacks theory and the technology of turning harm into good, turning waste into wealth, affect effective utilization of slag, rubble, can not fundamentally solve the passive situation that discarded object is administered.

How these discarded solid slags are carried out to harmless treatment, turn waste into wealth, high at soil content, permeability good, moisture Evapotranspiration loses and is easy in situation, improve the survival rate of implant seeds grass, reduce planting trees and grass cost, want with regard to becoming the present invention the problem solving.

Summary of the invention

In view of above-mentioned prior art and deficiency, the present invention aims to provide one can effectively stop moisture evaporation, ensure that woods grass can have adequate water supply in the cultivation phase, and can make full use of later stage precipitation and reduce this area's cost of planting trees and grass, improve planting trees and grass survival rate, effectively complete the planting trees and grass method of vegetation initial stage reparation cultivation, to meet the greening needs in arid, semiarid desertification mining area.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A kind of drought resisting forestation kind grass method for mining area, first, selects to be adapted at the native country seeds of local mining area plantation, at degraded land with conventional art the spring sowing time afforestation of manually watering; Then,, by the artificial land preparation mode earth's surface of raking, select the native country grass seed that is applicable to local plantation manually to spread earth's surface; Finally, rubble, slag discarded during by Area Mining separate with soil, do increased surface covering cover earth's surface after planting with rubble, slag, complete slag afforestation with mulch kind grass; In the described slag covering of selecting, do not contain various environment harmful.

Described seeds and grass seed are processed by traditional packaging technique.

The slag of described covering, the grain thickness that rubble is no more than one deck, the slag of covering, rubble thickness are 1-5cm.

The cover degree of described slag, rubble is no more than 90% of surface area.

Drought resisting forestation kind grass method for mining area of the present invention, utilize the existing discarded rubble in mining area, slag covers earth's surface after planting as covering, improve the rough degree on earth's surface, reduce earth's surface wind speed, make plant seed be not easy to be blown away, improve the implantation germination probability of plant seed, simultaneously, utilize slag, rubble carries out earth's surface covering, also can reduce evaporation from topsoil and loss, improve the availability of soil moisture, promote the early growth and development of woods grass, ensure the survival rate of woods grass, finally, make rubble discarded in mining area, the rubbish such as slag are turned waste into wealth, reduce the cost of planting trees and grass, eliminate random stacking rubble, the impact of slag on environment, beautify mining area, its method is particularly suitable in various arids, restoration of the ecosystem is carried out in semiarid desertification mining area and protection is used.

Embodiment

Below the drought resisting forestation kind grass method for mining area of the present invention is described in further detail:

Step 1, selection are adapted at the native country seeds of local mining area plantation, sowing in spring the time, in mining area on degraded land with traditional seeding technique afforestation of manually watering, then, by the artificial land preparation mode earth's surface of raking, select to be applicable to the native country grass seed of local plantation, manually spread earth's surface, complete the sowing of upper strata herbage.

Select to be applicable to native country seeds and the grass seed of local plantation, can improve the environmental suitability of seed, be conducive to growth and later stage survive.Wherein, by the artificial land preparation mode earth's surface of raking, can not only make herbage sow evenly, even thickness can also ensure that follow-up slag covers time, is conducive to the growing environment of Artificial Control woods grass, promotes that herbage evenly grows.

Step 2, discarded rubble, slag separates with soil during by Area Mining, select free of contamination slag, do increased surface covering with rubble, slag and cover the grass seed surface of sowing, mantle thickness is no more than the slag particle thickness of one deck, and thickness remains between 1-5cm, so far, slag cover type forestation planting grass process completes.

Wherein, slag, the thickness of gravel mulch is no more than the thickness of one deck slag particle, and while remaining between 1-5cm, gas permeability and the light transmission on earth's surface are effectively ensured, and enough growing spaces are provided for herbage and seeds, ensure growing environment, simultaneously, utilize the discarded rubble in mining area, slag covers earth's surface, can effectively stop earth's surface air-flow, reduce earth's surface wind speed, make plant seed be not easy to be blown away, and slag, gravel mulch thing can also stop soil moisture evaporation, keep long-time soil environment humidity, be conducive to seed grows under natural environment, germinate, improve the probability that plant seed implantation is grown.

The dump slag covering, production cost and the production cycle that rubble can not increase greening process, can make slags a large amount of in mining area, rubble obtain effective twice laid, promotes ecological benign development.

Certainly, while covering rubble and slag on earth's surface, excessive when rubble, slag particle, should reduce the cover degree of rubble and slag, retain enough spaces, grass seed can be grown in gap.Under normal circumstances, the cover degree of slag, rubble taking be no more than surface area 90% as benefit.

In said process, for ensureing that after planting nature and the normal growth of vegetation are grown, plant seed can also be processed with traditional seed coating technology, to improve the survival rate in early stage of seed.

While utilizing said method to carry out field research in Erdos, show: the method is after plantation 3 years, the 5-10% of vegetation coverage when planting brings up to 70-90%, spy is that trees surviving rate has on average reached more than 87%, 6.5 times of tradition afforestation survival rate, and cost only digs the 25-35% of stone method of forestation for tradition, its result has improved the survival rate of planting tree greatly, has improved the cover degree of serious desertification area vegetation, has realized the object of desertification control and greening.

Claims

1. the drought resisting forestation kind grass method for mining area, is characterized in that, first, selects to be adapted at the native country seeds of local mining area plantation, at degraded land with conventional art the spring sowing time afforestation of manually watering; Then,, by the artificial land preparation mode earth's surface of raking, select the native country grass seed that is applicable to local plantation manually to spread earth's surface; Finally, rubble, slag discarded during by Area Mining separate with soil, do increased surface covering cover earth's surface after planting with rubble, slag, complete slag afforestation with mulch kind grass; In the described slag covering of selecting, do not contain various environment harmful.

2. the drought resisting forestation kind grass method for mining area according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described seeds and grass seed are processed by traditional packaging technique.

3. the drought resisting forestation kind grass method for mining area according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the slag of described covering, the grain thickness that rubble is no more than one deck, and the slag of covering, rubble thickness are 1-5cm.

4. the drought resisting forestation kind grass method for mining area according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the cover degree of described slag, rubble is no more than 90% of surface area.