CN104017503B - Non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104017503B CN104017503B CN201410292504.5A CN201410292504A CN104017503B CN 104017503 B CN104017503 B CN 104017503B CN 201410292504 A CN201410292504 A CN 201410292504A CN 104017503 B CN104017503 B CN 104017503B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid and preparation method thereof. This non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid comprises the component of following mass fraction: alkoxyl alcohol 30%～60%, magnetosensitive particle 30%～60%, surfactant 3%～8% and deionized water 3%～6%. Preparation method comprises that (1) takes alkoxyl alcohol, magnetosensitive particle, surfactant and deionized water; (2) rear alkoxyl alcohol heating and surfactant are mixed to form to complex liquid, then add magnetosensitive particle, obtain mixed liquor; (3) mixed liquor is poured in ball grinder, after ball milling, added deionized water, then ball milling, non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid obtained. Non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention has that zero magnetic field viscosity is low, good rheological property, long-term stability, do not precipitate and non-caking advantage, and preparation method is simple and convenient, with low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the MRF of deliquescent crystal optical element, be specifically related to a kind of non-water base magnetic current of low-viscosity stableBecome polishing fluid and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing (MRF) is a kind of novel optics processing method, and it utilizes Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in magnetic fieldRheological characteristic is carried out polishing to workpiece, can realize the certainty removal of material and the Subnano-class surface roughness processing of surface of the work,The performance of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is directly connected to the effect of MRF, is the key components of Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing. RootAccording to the processing characteristic of Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing, to the major requirement of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid be: zero magnetic field viscosity is low, MRFLiquid can circulate in recycle unit; Good rheological property, can there is powerful cutting in moment under magnetic fields in Magnetorheologicai polishing liquidShearing stress changes, and realizes certainty polishing; Stability is good, realizes identical running parameter steady in a long-term; Require in addition nontoxic,Non-volatile and be not oxidized.
In current MRF processing, what the overwhelming majority used is water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, the base load liquid of the type polishing fluidWater, thus be applicable to the low viscosity of MRF, the characteristic such as nontoxic than being easier to make, but water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquidGenerally acknowledge that scabrous problem is: free settling, oxidizable, easily caking; In addition because the base load liquid of water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid isWater, has limited its range of work, is not suitable for processing this class part with easy deliquescent behaviours as KDP crystal. Current at magnetic currentBecome and in damper, MR vibration damper, magnetorheological sealing device, be widely used the magnetic flow liquid that base load liquid is silicone oil, these instrumentDevice is long-time stability to the main performance requirements of magnetic flow liquid, in order to solve sedimentation stability problem, generally selects viscosity largeSilicone oil is base load liquid, and the magnetic flow liquid of preparing out presents silk fabric shape; Or select the not nanometer iron powder of free settling, still institute joinsThe magnetic current and liquid flow variation performance of system is not strong. Chinese patent literature CN1613919A and american documentation literature USP6824701 are all publicOpened oil base magnetic flow liquid, but its main use object is the equipment such as damper and damper, not yet finds for magnetic at presentThe non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of rheology polishing. And to prepare the non-water base magnetic that is suitable for deliquescent crystal to carry out MRFThe technological difficulties of rheology polishing fluid are: the non-water base base load liquid that How to choose viscosity is low, meets the viscosity of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquidThe requirement of recycle unit; In the situation that requiring magnetorheological polishing solution rheology energy strong, how to realize the long-term of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquidStable, not sedimentation and not luming.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide that a kind of zero magnetic field viscosity is low, good rheological property,Steady in a long-term, do not precipitate and non-caking non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid and preparation method thereof.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is a kind of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, described non-water baseMagnetorheologicai polishing liquid comprises the component of following mass fraction:
In above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, preferred, the viscosity of described non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid in the time of 20 DEG C is0.35Pa·s～0.55Pa·s。
In above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, preferred, described alkoxyl alcohol comprises diethylene glycol monobutyl ether or ethylene glycol listEther.
In above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, preferred, described magnetosensitive particle is carbonyl iron dust; The grain of described carbonyl iron dustDegree is 1 μ m～10 μ m, is greater than 97% containing Fe purity, and quality factor is greater than 1.75 relatively, and Effective permeability is greater than 3.
In above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, preferred, described surfactant is phosphoric acid fat, aliphatic acid, class of department, tellsOne or more in temperature.
In above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, preferred, described surfactant is the mixing of aliphatic acid, Si Ban and tweenThing, described aliphatic acid is stearic acid; The mass ratio of described stearic acid, class of department, tween is 1: 1: 1.
As a total technical conceive, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, comprisesFollowing steps:
(1), according to the formula of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, take respectively alkoxyl alcohol, magnetosensitive particle, surface by mass fractionActivating agent and deionized water;
(2) alkoxyl alcohol is placed in to a container tank, is first heated to 65 DEG C～75 DEG C and also remains on this temperature always, then addEnter surfactant, through being mixed to form complex liquid, then add magnetosensitive particle in complex liquid, after stirring, obtain mixed liquor;
(3) mixed liquor is poured in ball grinder, with rotating speed ball milling 2h～5h of 150r/min～250r/min, then add fromSub-water, then with rotating speed ball milling 2h～5h of 50r/min～100r/min, obtain non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid.
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferred, in described step (2), the speed of described stirring is 20r/min～60r/min,The time of described stirring is 10min～30min.
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferred, in described step (3), the mixed liquor in described ball grinder and the mass ratio of steel ballBe 8～12: 1, the diameter of described steel ball is 2mm～4mm.
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferred, described non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, after preparing, is placed in a tourelleIn, described tourelle is with the rotating speed progressive rolling movement of 20r/min～50r/min.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, zero magnetic field viscosity of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention is low, is applicable to the circulation of MRF lathe recycle unit and makesWith; Good rheological property, the stability of this non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid are strong, and antioxygenic property is good, does not precipitate, and does not lump, canTo ensure the long-time stability of MRF material removal efficiency and the controllability of practicing Buddhism or Taoism.
In general, the base load liquid of oil base magnetic flow liquid, as common silicone oil and mineral oil, does not all have larger viscosity, therefore notBe suitable as the base load liquid of the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid that viscosity is low. In the present invention, non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid adopts low viscous alkaneKeto-alcohol is as base load liquid, and this base load liquid is colourless transparent liquid, and it is little that it has viscosity-temperature coefficient, and surface tension is low, and nontoxic grade is specialProperty, can be conventional commercially available prod. Base load liquid of the present invention accounts for always according to the desired rheological property of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid and viscosity30%～60% of quality, magnetorheological as the processing of high-precision optics, for MRF deliquescent crystal, to crystalEach frequency range has concrete requirement, especially high frequency error, and the content of base load liquid directly affects the rough surface of crystal after polishingDegree, meanwhile, the too low machinability that can determine MRF of the content of base load liquid, can realize Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid optimum performance(surface quality of the crystal after Long-term stability, polishing and surface roughness) approximately 35%～45%.
The magnetosensitive particle that in the present invention, non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid will comprise should embody the rheological behavior of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid,In order to meet the requirement of MRF, magnetosensitive particle need have following characteristic: magnetic conductivity is high, magnetic hysteresis loss is few, purity is high,And the shape of magnetosensitive particle can be to material production removal effect in polishing process. The magnetosensitive particle of conventional magnetic flow liquid is as nanometerIron powder, iron oxide etc. are difficult to meet the demands, and the present invention selects the carbonyl iron dust of micron order circle for this reason, and this carbonyl iron dust can be oftenRule commercially available prod, the performance of carbonyl iron dust is: size distribution, at 1 μ m～10 μ m, is greater than 97% containing Fe purity, relatively productQuality factor is greater than 1.75, and Effective permeability is greater than 3. Magnetosensitive particle of the present invention is according to the desired rheological characteristic of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquidCan, viscosity and settlement stability performance and account for 30%～60% of gross mass, can realize Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid optimum performance approximately 50%～60％。
In the present invention, also selected the surfactant for disperseing magnetosensitive particle, this surfactant materials molecule is generally by non-Polarity oleophilic moiety and polarity hydrophilic segment composition, by the chemical action of surfactant, make hydrophily magnetosensitive evengranularBe dispersed in oil loving base load liquid. Surfactant of the present invention is selected the one in phosphoric acid fat, aliphatic acid, class of department, tweenOr multiple, wherein best surfactant is the mixture of aliphatic acid (being specially stearic acid), Si Ban and tween, according to wantThe different volumes ratio of base load liquid and magnetic current particle in preparation Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, surfactant mixture account for 3% of cumulative volume～8％。
2, the preparing process of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention is simple, with low cost, with strong points, is particularly suitable for magnetic currentBecome polishing deliquescent crystal material as KDP crystal. Preparation method of the present invention makes surfactant fully molten by heating, stirringSolution (base load liquid adopt stable chemical performance, non-volatile, avirulent alkoxyl alcohol) in base load liquid, then by magnetosensitive particle withBase load liquid mixture mixes, then adopts ball mill grinding device to disperse this mixture, improves the non-water base rheology of magnetic with thisThe resistance to settling of polishing fluid and stability, finally make the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid moment of preparation keep motion by tourelle,Keep the character constancy of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid with this.
3, non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention can be applicable to the polishing of deliquescent crystal, the side of tradition processing deliquescent crystalMethod is mainly ultra-precise cutting and traditional MRF, and traditional MRF easily causes abrasive material and iron powder to embed, surfaceClean difficulty larger, and ultra-precise cutting is due to the restriction of machine tool accuracy, there is obvious bottleneck in the raising of surface figure accuracy, non-waterThe embedding of abrasive material and iron powder can be effectively avoided in based magnetic rheologic polishing, and MRF is as novel optical processing method, energy simultaneouslyEnough meet the requirement of most optical systems to crystal surface figure accuracy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the particle diameter distribution map of carbonyl iron dust in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the surface figure accuracy figure of KDP crystal in the embodiment of the present invention 1, adopts non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention everyOn KDP crystal, make a call to one every 1 hour and remove spot, the result of utilizing wavefront interferometer to measure, PV represents face shape essenceDegree peak-to-valley value, rms represents the mean square error of surface figure accuracy, and Power represents spherical aberration, and wave represents wavelength X (λ=632.8nm).
Fig. 3 is the peak value removal efficiency change curve of removing spot in the embodiment of the present invention 1 on KDP crystal.
Fig. 4 is the volume removal efficiency change curve of removing spot in the embodiment of the present invention 1 on KDP crystal.
Fig. 5 is the photo in kind that in the embodiment of the present invention 1, non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid carries out polishing to KDP crystal.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the invention will be further described with concrete preferred embodiment, but therefore do not limit thisThe protection domain of invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention, by mass fraction, by 31% diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (alkoxylAlcohol radical carrier fluid), 59% carbonyl iron dust (magnetosensitive particle), 5% surfactant and 5% deionized water composition. This non-waterThe viscosity of based magnetic rheologic polishing fluid in the time of 20 DEG C is 0.5Pas.
In the present embodiment, the viscosity of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether in the time of 20 DEG C is 6.49mPas.
In the present embodiment, the particle diameter of carbonyl iron dust distributes as shown in Figure 1, and granularity is mainly at 1 μ m～10 μ m scope, carbonyl ironThe average grain diameter of powder is 5 μ m, is greater than 97% containing Fe purity, and quality factor is greater than 1.75 relatively, and Effective permeability is greater than 3,This carbonyl iron dust can be bought and obtain in market.
In the present embodiment, surfactant is the mixture of stearic acid, class 60 of department and polysorbate60, and three's mass ratio is 1: 1:1。
A preparation method for the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of above-mentioned the present embodiment, utilizes a small amount of deionized water to realize KDP crystalMaterial remove, comprise the following steps:
(1) according to the formula of above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, take diethylene glycol monobutyl ether base load liquid 500ml (477g),Magnetosensitive particle carbonyl iron dust 900g, stearic acid 25g, class of department 60 is 25g, polysorbate60 is 25g, deionized water 75ml (75g).
(2) diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (alkoxyl alcohol) is placed in to the container tank of stainless steel, homogeneous heating to 70 DEG C alwaysRemain on this temperature, the surfactant that then adds step (1) to configure, is mixed to form complex liquid, then carbonyl iron dust is addedEnter in complex liquid, stir 20min with mechanical agitator, rotating speed is 30r/min, obtains mixed liquor, now the temperature of this mixed liquorBe still 70 DEG C.
(3) above-mentioned mixed liquor is poured in ball grinder, according to the steel ball in mixed liquor and ball grinder (diameter 2mm) mass ratioThe ratio that is 10: 1 is put into ball milling steel ball, ball sealer grinding jar, and ball mill was with the rotating speed ball milling of 200r/min 3 hours; Then beatThe grinding jar of kicking off, adds 75ml deionized water, stirs by stirring rod, and ball sealer grinding jar, ball mill turns with 100r/min'sSpeed ball milling 2 hours, after ball milling completes, takes out ball grinder, separates steel ball, obtains non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid.
(4) non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid is poured into container tank sealing, then airtight container tank is placed on 30r/min and is turnedOn the tourelle that speed is rolled, to keep the character constancy of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid.
As shown in table 1, be viscosity and the long term stability tests result of the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid prepared of above-mentioned the present embodiment.Known by table 1, non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention, after 48 hours, still can keep stable performance, stickyDegree is stable, does not lump, and compares original state and does not occur obvious degeneration, meets the requirement of optics processing.
The Long-term stability test result of the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of table 1 embodiment 1
Fig. 2,3,4 has shown that the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of this enforcement preparation has Long-term stability, and Fig. 2 utilizes this realityExecute routine non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid and went by taxi except spot at interval of 1 hour, Fig. 3 is the peak value removal efficiency of removing spotChange curve, Fig. 4 is the change curve of removing the volume removal efficiency of spot, from result, excursion is in 5%, fullFoot certainty is processed the requirement to removal efficiency Long-term stability.
As shown in Figure 5, be to utilize non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention KDP crystal to be carried out to the photo in kind of polishing. WillNon-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid prepared by above-mentioned the present embodiment adds in the magnetorheological circulatory system, adopts Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing to realizeThe polishing of KDP crystal, traditional polishing utilizes the shear action of abrasive material under pressure to realize the removal of material, non-water base magneticRheology polishing utilizes the dissolution of deionized water in magnetic flow liquid to realize the removal of material. In MRF process, and KDPIn the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid of crystal contact, contain a small amount of deionized water, due to the circulation of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, dissolved KDP simultaneouslyThe Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid of crystal is taken away rapidly, has realized the removal of material, has avoided the deliquescence of crystal simultaneously.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention, basic identical with the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of embodiment 1, differenceOnly be: by mass fraction, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (base load liquid) is 40%, and carbonyl iron dust (magnetosensitive particle) is 50%,Surfactant is 5%, and deionized water is 5%.
A preparation method for the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present embodiment, preparation process is substantially the same manner as Example 1, differenceOnly be: by mass fraction, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (base load liquid) is 40%, and carbonyl iron dust (magnetosensitive particle) is 50%,Surfactant is 5%, and deionized water is 5%.
As shown in table 2, be viscosity and the long term stability tests result of the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid prepared of above-mentioned the present embodiment.Known by table 2, non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention, after 48 hours, still can keep stable performance, stickyDegree is stable, does not lump, and compares original state and does not occur obvious degeneration, meets the requirement of optics processing.
The Long-term stability test result of the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of table 2 embodiment 2
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is also not only confined to above-described embodiment. AllThe technical scheme belonging under thinking of the present invention all belongs to protection scope of the present invention. Be noted that common for the artTechnical staff, improvements and modifications under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as thisBright protection domain.
Claims (6)
1. a non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, is characterized in that, described non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid comprises the component of following mass fraction:
Alkoxyl alcohol 30%～60%,
Magnetosensitive particle 30%～60%,
Surfactant 3%～8%, and
Deionized water 3%～6%;
Described alkoxyl alcohol comprises diethylene glycol monobutyl ether or ethylene glycol monoethyl ether;
Described magnetosensitive particle is carbonyl iron dust; The granularity of described carbonyl iron dust is 1 μ m～10 μ m, is greater than 97% containing Fe purity, and quality factor is greater than 1.75 relatively, and Effective permeability is greater than 3;
Described surfactant is the mixture of aliphatic acid, Si Ban and tween, and described aliphatic acid is stearic acid; The mass ratio of described stearic acid, class of department, tween is 1: 1: 1.
2. non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the viscosity of described non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid in the time of 20 DEG C is 0.35Pas～0.55Pas.
3. a preparation method for non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid as claimed in claim 1 or 2, comprises the following steps:
(1), according to the formula of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, take respectively alkoxyl alcohol, magnetosensitive particle, surfactant and deionized water by mass fraction;
(2) alkoxyl alcohol is placed in to a container tank, is first heated to 65 DEG C～75 DEG C and also remains on this temperature always, then add surfactant, through being mixed to form complex liquid, then add magnetosensitive particle in complex liquid, after stirring, obtain mixed liquor;
(3) mixed liquor is poured in ball grinder, with rotating speed ball milling 2h～5h of 150r/min～250r/min, then added deionized water, then with rotating speed ball milling 2h～5h of 50r/min～100r/min, obtain non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid.
4. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in described step (2), the speed of described stirring is 20r/min～60r/min, and the time of described stirring is 10min～30min.
5. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, in described step (3), the mixed liquor in described ball grinder and the mass ratio of steel ball are 8～12: 1, and the diameter of described steel ball is 2mm～4mm.
6. preparation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, after preparing, is placed in a tourelle, and described tourelle is with the rotating speed progressive rolling movement of 20r/min～50r/min.
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