CN104017503A - Non-water-based magnetorheological polishing solution and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Non-water-based magnetorheological polishing solution and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN104017503A
CN104017503A CN201410292504.5A CN201410292504A CN104017503A CN 104017503 A CN104017503 A CN 104017503A CN 201410292504 A CN201410292504 A CN 201410292504A CN 104017503 A CN104017503 A CN 104017503A
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water
polishing liquid
magnetic rheology
base magnetic
rheology polishing
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CN104017503B (en
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彭小强
石峰
陈少山
胡皓
关朝亮
戴一帆
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National University of Defense Technology
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Abstract

The invention discloses a non-water-based magnetorheological polishing solution and a preparation method thereof. The non-water-based magnetorheological polishing solution comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 30-60% of alkoxy alcohol, 30-60% of magnetic-sensitive particle, 3-8% of surfactant and 3-6% of deionized water. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) weighing the alkoxy alcohol, magnetic-sensitive particle, surfactant and deionized water; (2) heating the alkoxy alcohol, mixing with the surfactant to form a compound solution, and adding the magnetic-sensitive particle to obtain a mixed solution; and (3) pouring the mixed solution into a ball milling tank, carrying out ball milling, adding deionized water, and carrying out ball milling to obtain the non-water-based magnetorheological polishing solution. The non-water-based magnetorheological polishing solution has the advantages of low zero magnetic field viscosity, favorable rheological behavior, high long-term stability, no precipitation and no caking; and the preparation method is simple and convenient, and is low in cost.

Description

Non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The MRF that the present invention relates to deliquescent crystal optical element, is specifically related to non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of a kind of low-viscosity stable and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing (MRF) is a kind of novel optics working method, it utilizes the rheological of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid in magnetic field to carry out polishing to workpiece, can realize the determinacy removal of material and the Subnano-class surfaceness processing of workpiece surface, the performance of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid is directly connected to the effect of MRF, is the key components of Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing.According to the processing characteristic of Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing, to the major requirement of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid be: zero magnetic field viscosity is low, and Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid can circulate in recycle unit; Good rheological property, Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid can powerful shear-stress occur in moment under the action of a magnetic field to be changed, and realizes determinacy polishing; Stability is good, realizes identical working parameter steady in a long-term; Require in addition nontoxic, non-volatile and be not oxidized.
In current MRF processing, what the overwhelming majority used is water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, the base load liquid of the type polishing fluid is water, so be applicable to the low viscosity of MRF, the characteristic such as nontoxic than being easier to make, but water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid generally acknowledges that scabrous problem is: free settling, oxidizable, easily caking; Because the base load liquid of water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid is water, limit its work range in addition, be not suitable for processing this class part with easy deliquescent behaviours as KDP crystal.Currently in MR damper, MR vibration damper, magnetorheological tightness system, be widely used the magnetic flow liquid that base load liquid is silicone oil, these instruments are permanent stability to the main performance requirements of magnetic flow liquid, in order to solve sedimentation stability problem, generally selecting the silicone oil that viscosity is large is base load liquid, and the magnetic flow liquid of preparing out presents silk fabric shape; Or select the not nanometer iron powder of free settling, but the magnetic current and liquid flow variation performance of preparing is not strong.Chinese patent literature CN1613919A and american documentation literature USP6824701 all disclose oil base magnetic flow liquid, but its main use object is the equipment such as deoscillator and vibroshock, not yet find the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid for MRF at present.Be and will prepare the technological difficulties that are suitable for the deliquescent crystal to carry out the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of MRF: the non-water base base load liquid that How to choose viscosity is low, makes the viscosity of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid meet the requirement of recycle unit; In the situation that requiring magnetorheological polishing solution rheology energy strong, how to realize long-term stability, the not sedimentation of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid and do not lump.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provides that a kind of zero magnetic field viscosity is low, good rheological property, long-term stability, does not precipitate and non-caking non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid and preparation method thereof.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is a kind of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, and described non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid comprises the component of following massfraction:
In above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, preferred, the viscosity of described non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid in the time of 20 DEG C is 0.35Pas~0.55Pas.
In above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, preferred, described alkoxyl alcohol comprises diethylene glycol monobutyl ether or ethylene glycol monoethyl ether.
In above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, preferred, described magnetosensitive particle is carbonyl iron dust; The granularity of described carbonyl iron dust is 1 μ m~10 μ m, is greater than 97% containing Fe purity, and quality factor is greater than 1.75 relatively, and Effective permeability is greater than 3.
In above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, preferred, described tensio-active agent is one or more in phosphoric acid fat, lipid acid, class of department, tween.
In above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, preferred, described tensio-active agent is the mixture of lipid acid, Si Ban and tween, and described lipid acid is stearic acid; The mass ratio of described stearic acid, class of department, tween is 1: 1: 1.
As a total technical conceive, the present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, comprises the following steps:
(1), according to the formula of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, take respectively alkoxyl alcohol, magnetosensitive particle, tensio-active agent and deionized water by massfraction;
(2) alkoxyl alcohol is placed in to a container tank, is first heated to 65 DEG C~75 DEG C and also remains on this temperature always, then add tensio-active agent, through being mixed to form complex liquid, then add magnetosensitive particle in complex liquid, after stirring, obtain mixed solution;
(3) mixed solution is poured in ball grinder, with rotating speed ball milling 2h~5h of 150r/min~250r/min, then added deionized water, then with rotating speed ball milling 2h~5h of 50r/min~100r/min, obtain non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid.
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferred, in described step (2), the speed of described stirring is 20r/min~60r/min, and the time of described stirring is 10min~30min.
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferred, in described step (3), the mixed solution in described ball grinder and the mass ratio of steel ball are 8~12: 1, and the diameter of described steel ball is 2mm~4mm.
In above-mentioned preparation method, preferred, described non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, after preparing, is placed in a tourelle, and described tourelle is with the rotating speed progressive rolling movement of 20r/min~50r/min.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1, zero magnetic field viscosity of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention is low, is applicable to MRF lathe recycle unit and recycles; Good rheological property, the stability of this non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid are strong, and antioxidant property is good, does not precipitate, and do not lump, and can ensure the long-time stability of MRF material removal efficiency and the controllability of practicing Buddhism or Taoism.
In general, the base load liquid of oil base magnetic flow liquid, as common silicone oil and mineral oil, all has larger viscosity, is therefore not suitable as the base load liquid of the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid that viscosity is low.In the present invention, the characteristic such as non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid adopts low viscous alkoxyl alcohol as base load liquid, and this base load liquid is colourless transparent liquid, and it is little that it has temperature coefficient of viscosity, and surface tension is low, nontoxic, can be conventional commercially available prod.Base load liquid of the present invention accounts for 30%~60% of total mass according to the desired rheological property of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid and viscosity, magnetorheological as high-precision optics processing, for MRF deliquescent crystal, each frequency range to crystal has concrete requirement, especially high frequency error, the content of base load liquid directly affects the surfaceness of crystal after polishing, simultaneously, the too low workability that can determine MRF of content of base load liquid, can realize Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid optimum performance (Long-term stability, the surface quality of the crystal after polishing and surfaceness) approximately 35%~45%.
The magnetosensitive particle that in the present invention, non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid will comprise should embody the rheological characteristics of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, in order to meet the requirement of MRF, magnetosensitive particle need have following characteristic: magnetic permeability is high, hysteresis loss is few, purity is high, and the shape of magnetosensitive particle can be to material production removal effect in polishing process.The magnetosensitive particle of conventional magnetic flow liquid is difficult to meet the demands as nanometer iron powder, ferric oxide etc., the present invention selects the carbonyl iron dust of micron order circle for this reason, this carbonyl iron dust can be conventional commercially available prod, the performance of carbonyl iron dust is: size-grade distribution is at 1 μ m~10 μ m, be greater than 97% containing Fe purity, quality factor is greater than 1.75 relatively, and Effective permeability is greater than 3.Magnetosensitive particle of the present invention accounts for 30%~60% of total mass according to the desired rheological property of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, viscosity and settlement stability performance, can realize Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid optimum performance approximately 50%~60%.
In the present invention, also select the tensio-active agent for disperseing magnetosensitive particle, this surfactant materials molecule is generally made up of nonpolar oleophilic moiety and polarity hydrophilic segment, by the chemical action of tensio-active agent, makes that wetting ability magnetosensitive is evengranular to be dispersed in oil loving base load liquid.Tensio-active agent of the present invention is selected one or more in phosphoric acid fat, lipid acid, class of department, tween, wherein best tensio-active agent is the mixture of lipid acid (being specially stearic acid), Si Ban and tween, according to the different volumes ratio that will prepare base load liquid and magnetic current particle in Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, surfactant mixture accounts for 3%~8% of cumulative volume.
2, the blending process of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention is simple, with low cost, with strong points, is particularly suitable for MRF deliquescent crystal material as KDP crystal.Preparation method of the present invention makes tensio-active agent fully be dissolved in (base load liquid adopts stable chemical performance, non-volatile, avirulent alkoxyl alcohol) in base load liquid by heating, stirring, then magnetosensitive particle is mixed with base load liquid mixture, adopt again ball mill grinding device to disperse this mixture, improve resistance to settling and the stability of the non-water base rheology polishing fluid of magnetic with this, finally make the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid moment of preparation keep motion by tourelle, keep the character constancy of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid with this.
3, non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention can be applicable to the polishing of deliquescent crystal, the method of tradition processing deliquescent crystal is mainly ultra-precise cutting and traditional MRF, tradition MRF easily causes abrasive material and iron powder to embed, the cleaning difficulty on surface is larger, and ultra-precise cutting is due to the restriction of machine tool accuracy, there is obvious bottleneck in the raising of surface figure accuracy, the embedding of abrasive material and iron powder can be effectively avoided in non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing, MRF is as novel optical working method simultaneously, can meet the requirement of most optical systems to crystal surface figure accuracy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the size distribution figure of carbonyl iron dust in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the surface figure accuracy figure of KDP crystal in the embodiment of the present invention 1, adopt non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention on KDP crystal, to make a call to one every 1 hour and remove spot, the result of utilizing wavefront interferometer to measure, PV represents surface figure accuracy peak-to-valley value, rms represents the square error of surface figure accuracy, Power represents spherical aberration, and wave represents wavelength X (λ=632.8nm).
Fig. 3 is the peak value removal efficiency change curve of removing spot in the embodiment of the present invention 1 on KDP crystal.
Fig. 4 is the volume removal efficiency change curve of removing spot in the embodiment of the present invention 1 on KDP crystal.
Fig. 5 is the photo in kind that in the embodiment of the present invention 1, non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid carries out polishing to KDP crystal.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with Figure of description, the invention will be further described with concrete preferred embodiment, but protection domain not thereby limiting the invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention, by massfraction, the diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (alkoxyl alcohol base load liquid) by 31%, 59% carbonyl iron dust (magnetosensitive particle), 5% tensio-active agent and 5% deionized water form.The viscosity of this non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid in the time of 20 DEG C is 0.5Pas.
In the present embodiment, the viscosity of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether in the time of 20 DEG C is 6.49mPas.
In the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, granularity is mainly in 1 μ m~10 μ m scope for the size distribution of carbonyl iron dust, the median size of carbonyl iron dust is 5 μ m, is greater than 97% containing Fe purity, and quality factor is greater than 1.75 relatively, Effective permeability is greater than 3, and this carbonyl iron dust can be bought and obtain in market.
In the present embodiment, tensio-active agent is the mixture of stearic acid, class 60 of department and polysorbate60, and three's mass ratio is 1: 1: 1.
A preparation method for the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of above-mentioned the present embodiment, the material that utilizes a small amount of deionized water to realize KDP crystal is removed, and comprises the following steps:
(1), according to the formula of above-mentioned non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, take diethylene glycol monobutyl ether base load liquid 500ml (477g), magnetosensitive particle carbonyl iron dust 900g, stearic acid 25g, class of department 60 is 25g, and polysorbate60 is 25g, deionized water 75ml (75g).
(2) diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (alkoxyl alcohol) is placed in to the container tank of stainless steel, homogeneous heating to 70 DEG C also remains on this temperature always, then the tensio-active agent that adds step (1) to configure, be mixed to form complex liquid, carbonyl iron dust is added in complex liquid again, stir 20min with mechanical stirrer, rotating speed is 30r/min, obtain mixed solution, now the temperature of this mixed solution is still 70 DEG C.
(3) above-mentioned mixed solution is poured in ball grinder, the ratio that is 10: 1 according to the steel ball in mixed solution and ball grinder (diameter 2mm) mass ratio is put into ball milling steel ball, ball sealer grinding jar, and ball mill was with the rotating speed ball milling of 200r/min 3 hours; Then open ball grinder, add 75ml deionized water, stir by stirring rod, ball sealer grinding jar, ball mill, with the rotating speed ball milling of 100r/min 2 hours, after ball milling completes, takes out ball grinder, separates steel ball, obtains non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid.
(4) non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid is poured into container tank sealing, then sealed vessel tank is placed on the tourelle rolling with 30r/min rotating speed, to keep the character constancy of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid.
As shown in table 1, be viscosity and the long term stability tests result of the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid prepared of above-mentioned the present embodiment.Known by table 1, non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention, after 48 hours, still can keep stable performance, and stable viscosity, does not lump, and compares original state and does not occur obvious degeneration, meets the requirement of optics processing.
The Long-term stability test result of the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of table 1 embodiment 1
Fig. 2,3,4 has shown that the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of this enforcement preparation has Long-term stability, Fig. 2 utilizes the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present embodiment to go by taxi except spot at interval of 1 hour, Fig. 3 is the change curve of removing the peak value removal efficiency of spot, Fig. 4 is the change curve of removing the volume removal efficiency of spot, from result, variation range, in 5%, meets determinacy and processes the requirement to removal efficiency Long-term stability.
As shown in Figure 5, be to utilize non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention KDP crystal to be carried out to the photo in kind of polishing.Non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid prepared by above-mentioned the present embodiment adds in the magnetorheological recycle system, adopt Technique of Magnetorheological Finishing to realize the polishing of KDP crystal, traditional polishing utilizes the shearing action of abrasive material under pressure to realize the removal of material, and non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing utilizes the solvency action of deionized water in magnetic flow liquid to realize the removal of material.In MRF process, in the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid contacting with KDP crystal, contain a small amount of deionized water, due to the circulation of Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid, the Magnetorheologicai polishing liquid that has dissolved KDP crystal is taken away rapidly simultaneously, realize the removal of material, avoided the deliquescence of crystal simultaneously.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention, basic identical with the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of embodiment 1, difference is only: by massfraction, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (base load liquid) is 40%, carbonyl iron dust (magnetosensitive particle) is 50%, tensio-active agent is 5%, and deionized water is 5%.
A kind of preparation method of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present embodiment, preparation process is substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is only: by massfraction, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether (base load liquid) is 40%, carbonyl iron dust (magnetosensitive particle) is 50%, tensio-active agent is 5%, and deionized water is 5%.
As shown in table 2, be viscosity and the long term stability tests result of the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid prepared of above-mentioned the present embodiment.Known by table 2, non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of the present invention, after 48 hours, still can keep stable performance, and stable viscosity, does not lump, and compares original state and does not occur obvious degeneration, meets the requirement of optics processing.
The Long-term stability test result of the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid of table 2 embodiment 2
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is also not only confined to above-described embodiment.All technical schemes belonging under thinking of the present invention all belong to protection scope of the present invention.Be noted that for those skilled in the art, improvements and modifications under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, is characterized in that, described non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid comprises the component of following massfraction:
2. non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the viscosity of described non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid in the time of 20 DEG C is 0.35Pas~0.55Pas.
3. non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described alkoxyl alcohol comprises diethylene glycol monobutyl ether or ethylene glycol monoethyl ether.
4. non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described magnetosensitive particle is carbonyl iron dust; The granularity of described carbonyl iron dust is 1 μ m~10 μ m, is greater than 97% containing Fe purity, and quality factor is greater than 1.75 relatively, and Effective permeability is greater than 3.
5. non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described tensio-active agent is one or more in phosphoric acid fat, lipid acid, class of department, tween.
6. non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described tensio-active agent is the mixture of lipid acid, Si Ban and tween, and described lipid acid is stearic acid; The mass ratio of described stearic acid, class of department, tween is 1: 1: 1.
7. a preparation method for the non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid as described in any one in claim 1~6, comprises the following steps:
(1), according to the formula of non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, take respectively alkoxyl alcohol, magnetosensitive particle, tensio-active agent and deionized water by massfraction;
(2) alkoxyl alcohol is placed in to a container tank, is first heated to 65 DEG C~75 DEG C and also remains on this temperature always, then add tensio-active agent, through being mixed to form complex liquid, then add magnetosensitive particle in complex liquid, after stirring, obtain mixed solution;
(3) mixed solution is poured in ball grinder, with rotating speed ball milling 2h~5h of 150r/min~250r/min, then added deionized water, then with rotating speed ball milling 2h~5h of 50r/min~100r/min, obtain non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid.
8. preparation method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, in described step (2), the speed of described stirring is 20r/min~60r/min, and the time of described stirring is 10min~30min.
9. preparation method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, in described step (3), the mixed solution in described ball grinder and the mass ratio of steel ball are 8~12: 1, and the diameter of described steel ball is 2mm~4mm.
10. preparation method according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described non-water-base magnetic rheology polishing liquid, after preparing, is placed in a tourelle, and described tourelle is with the rotating speed progressive rolling movement of 20r/min~50r/min.
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