CN104016927B - 嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物及其制备方法与应用 - Google Patents
嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物及其制备方法与应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104016927B CN104016927B CN201410276055.5A CN201410276055A CN104016927B CN 104016927 B CN104016927 B CN 104016927B CN 201410276055 A CN201410276055 A CN 201410276055A CN 104016927 B CN104016927 B CN 104016927B
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- pyrimidine
- naphthalene
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- hiv
- acid
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- C07D239/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D239/24—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D239/28—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazine or hydrogenated 1,3-diazine rings not condensed with other rings having three or more double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D239/32—One oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom
- C07D239/38—One sulfur atom
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及一种嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物及其制备方法与应用。所述嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物是具有通式I或I’所示结构的化合物及其药学上可接受的盐、酯或前药。本发明还提供所述化合物的制备方法,以及含有一个或多个此类化合物的组合物在治疗和预防人免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染药物中的应用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种衍生物及其制备方法与应用,特别涉及嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物及其制备方法与应用,属于医药技术领域。
背景技术
人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)是引起获得性免疫缺陷综合征(艾滋病,AIDS)的病原体。在HIV复制循环中,逆转录酶(reversetranscriptase,RT)起着至关重要的作用,负责完成RNA指导的DNA合成、RNA水解反应以及DNA指导的DNA合成等关键环节。因此,以RT作为药物设计的靶点具有抑制活性高,选择性好,毒副作用小等优点,是目前开发抗HIV/AIDS药物的重要策略。根据化学结构及与酶之间相互作用机制的不同,HIV逆转录酶抑制剂主要可分为核苷(酸)(nucleos(t)idereversetranscriptaseinhibitors,N(t)RTIs)和非核苷(Non-nucleosidereversetranscriptaseinhibitors,NNRTIs)两类。其中,NNRTIs因其高效、低毒的优点已成为HAART的重要组成部分。目前获得FDA批准上市的该类药物有5个(nevirapine,delavirdine,efavirine,etravirine,rilpivirine)。但是由于NNRTIs结合口袋的氨基酸易发生突变导致耐药毒株的产生及蔓延,使该类药物的临床应用受到极大的威胁。因此,寻找抗耐药的新型NNRTI(s)仍是今后抗艾滋病药研发的重要课题。
芳唑巯乙酰胺类化合物(Arylazolyl(azinyl)thioacetanilides)作为新一代非核苷类逆转录酶抑制剂对野生型及多种严重耐药株(K103N、Y181C、Y188L及K103N/Y181C双突变株等)均具有很强的抑制活性,因而受到广泛关注。因此,以芳唑巯乙酰胺类化合物为模板,进行广泛的结构修饰,对发现高效广谱、生物利用度好且具有自主知识产权的新型抗HIV药物具有重要意义。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供了一种嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或前药。本发明还提供上述化合物的制备方法以及活性筛选结果和应用。
一、嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物
本发明的嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐、酯或前药,结构通式I或I’如下:
其中,
n=0or1;
与嘧啶环直接相连的Ar1为结构多样性的取代苯环或取代的萘环;
由链连接的Ar2为取代的苯环或含氮六元芳杂环。
优选的,
Ar1为2,4-二氯苯环,2,4-二溴苯环,2-氯-4-环丙基苯环,2-溴-4-环丙基苯环,2-氯-4-叔丁基苯环,2-溴-4-叔丁基苯环,1-萘环,2-萘环,4-环丙基-1-萘环,或4-叔丁基-1-萘环。
Ar2中X为N,C;R1为H,F,Cl,Br,NO2;R2为H,OMe,SO2NH2,COOH,COOMe,COOEt,CONHOH,CONHOMe,CONHCH2COOEt,CONHCH2(CH3)COOEt。
本发明优选的,嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物为Ia或I’a,结构通式如下:
其中,n,X,R1,R2同结构通式I及I’中所述。
本发明更为优选的,通式Ia和I’a化合物为下列结构的化合物之一:
二、嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物或其可药用盐的制备方法
本发明嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物的制备以3-溴-2羟基-嘧啶(II)为起始原料,与取代芳基硼酸即Ar1-B(OH)2(III)经铃木反应制得中间体(IV),五硫化二磷将羟基转化为巯基得到母环(V),不同的取代基对(V)进行亲核取代反应得到嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物I或与溴丙炔反应得到中间体(VI),再与不同的叠氮化物经点击化学反应制得嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物I’;
合成路线如下:
试剂和条件:(i)Na2CO3,Pd(PPh3)4,H2O,二氧六环/H2O,90℃;(ii)P2S5,吡啶,100℃;(iii)K2CO3,丙酮,炔丙基溴或取代的ClCH2CONHAr,室温;(iv)VcNa,CuSO4·5H2O,苯甲酸,取代的芳基叠氮或芳基-(CH2)n-叠氮,t-BuOH/H2O;
其中,n、Ar1、R1、R2及X的定义同上通式I及I’所述。
根据本发明优选的,嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物Ia和I’a的制备方法:
以3-溴-2羟基-嘧啶(IIa)为起始原料,与萘硼酸(IIIa)经铃木反应制得中间体(IVa),五硫化二磷将羟基转化为巯基得到母环(Va),不同的取代基对(Va)进行亲核取代反应得到嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物Ia或与溴丙炔反应得到中间体(VIa),再与不同的叠氮化物经点击化学反应制得嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物I’a;
合成路线如下:
试剂和条件:(i)Na2CO3,Pd(PPh3)4,H2O,二氧六环/H2O,90℃;(ii)P2S5,吡啶,100℃;(iii)K2CO3,丙酮,炔丙基溴或取代的ClCH2CONHAr,室温;(iv)VcNa,CuSO4·5H2O,苯甲酸,取代的叠氮苯或苄基叠氮,t-BuOH/H2O;
其中,R1、R2及X的定义同上通式Ia及I’a中所述。
三、本发明嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物的应用
本发明通式I及I’的嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物在抑制HIV复制的细胞试验(MT-4细胞)中显示出显著的抗病毒活性,较高的选择性以及抗耐药性。因此,本发明还提供:
通式I及I’的嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物在制备抗HIV的药物中的应用。
一种抗HIV药物组合物,包含本发明所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐以及一种或多种药学上可接受载体或赋形剂。
本发明化合物既可以其本身也可以其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物的形式使用。通式I及I’化合物的药学上可接受的盐包括与药学上可接受的无机酸或有机酸、或者无机碱或有机碱形成的常规盐。合适的酸加成盐的例子包括与盐酸、硫酸、磷酸、硝酸、氢溴酸、高氯酸、富马酸、乙酸、丙酸、琥珀酸、羟基乙酸、甲酸、乳酸、马来酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、扑酸、丙二酸、羟基马来酸、苯乙酸、谷氨酸、苯甲酸、水杨酸、富马酸、甲苯磺酸、甲磺酸、萘-2-磺酸、苯磺酸、羟基苯甲酸、氢碘酸、苹果酸、鞣酸等形成的盐。合适的碱加成盐的例子包括与钠、锂、钾、镁、铝、钙、锌、N,N’-二苄基乙二胺、氯代普鲁卡因、胆碱、二乙醇胺、乙二胺、N-甲基葡糖按和普鲁卡因等形成的盐。本文中涉及到本发明化合物时,包括通式I及I’化合物及其药学上可接受的盐或溶剂化物。
根据本发明,本发明式I及I’化合物可与常规药物载体或赋形剂组成药物组合物。该药物组合物可通过口服或非肠道途径给药。本发明的药物组合物可按本领域常规方法制备成各种剂型,包括但不限于片剂、胶囊、溶液、悬浮液、颗粒剂或注射剂等,经口服或非肠道途径给药。
本发明对合成的嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物全部进行了体外抗HIV病毒活性试验。结果表明大部分化合物均具有了良好的抗野生型HIV-1活性,部分化合物对临床上最严重的HIV-1(K103N/Y181C)突变病毒株显示出了明显的抑制活性。而在体外抑制HIV-1逆转录酶活性试验中,其逆酶抑制活性与对照药奈韦拉平相当。因此,嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物具有较大的开发价值。在本发明的化合物上进行新的结构修饰及深入研究有助于开发出新的抗HIV药物。
具体实施方式
通过下述实施例有助于理解本发明,但是不能限制本发明的内容。
实施例1:N-(4-磺酰胺基-2-溴苯基)-2-(5-(萘-1-基)嘧啶-4-基巯)乙酰胺(Ia-1)的制备
5-溴-4-羟基嘧啶(IIa)(0.10g,0.57mmol),1-萘硼酸(IIIa)(0.12g,0.69mmol),四三苯基膦钯(0.066g,0.057mmol),碳酸钠(0.18g,1.7mmol)共称于50mL圆底烧瓶中,加入二氧六环和水(5:1,12mL)的混合溶剂,氮气置换三次后油浴加热到90℃反应6小时。反应液冷却至室温,减压蒸除二氧六环,加入20mL水,乙酸乙酯萃取(2×10mL),合并有机层,氢氧化钠水(1mol/L,2×10mL)洗涤,合并水层稀盐酸调PH至3,有大量白色固体析出,过滤并干燥得到中间体IVa。白色固体,产率65.1%.ESI-MS:m/z223.3(M+1),C14H10N2O[222.08].
中间体IVa(0.05g,0.225mmol)溶于5mL吡啶,一次性加入五硫化二磷(0.0017g,0.075mmol)。该反应液100℃反应5小时后冷却至室温,减压蒸除溶剂,加入20mL水,乙酸乙酯萃取(3×10mL),合并有机相无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩并经快速柱层析(甲醇:二氯甲烷=1:35)纯化得到中间体Va。黄白色固体,61.3%.ESI-MS:m/z239.3(M+1),C14H10N2S[238.06].
将中间体Va0.15g(0.15g,0.63mmol),0.15g碳酸钾(0.76mmol)与0.248g2-氯-N-(4-磺酰胺基-2-溴苯基)乙酰胺(0.76mmol)溶于10mL丙酮中,磁力搅拌室温反应,TLC监测反应完全后减压蒸除溶剂,加入10mL水,乙酸乙酯萃取(2×10mL),合并有机相无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩并经快速柱层析纯化(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:4)得到目标产物(Ia-1),白色粉末,收率:61.0%.mp:170-174℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:9.85(s,1H,NH),9.16(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.11(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.11-8.07(m,2H,naphthalene-H),8.04(d,1H,J=2.08Hz,PhH),7.97(d,1H,J=8.56Hz,PhH),7.80(dd,1H,J1=8.56Hz,J2=1.96Hz,PhH),7.68(t,1H,J=7.16Hz,naphthalene-H),7.61(t,1H,J=7.00Hz,naphthalene-H),7.53-7.49(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.45-7.41(m,3H,NH2,naphthalene-H),4.29(dd,2H,J1=24.04Hz,J2=15.44Hz,CH2).13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:167.96(C=O),167.35(C6-pyrimidine),157.72(C2-pyrimidine),155.43(C3-pyrimidine),141.83,139.40,133.76,131.72,131.57,131.15,130.42,130.04,129.01,128.59,127.44,126.92,126.10,126.03,125.38,125.17,115.79,34.26(S-CH2).ESI-MS:m/z529.1(M+1),531.1(M+3),534.1(M+5),551.2(M+23),C22H17BrN4O3S2[527.99].
实施例2:3-溴-4(2-(5-萘-1基)嘧啶-4-基巯)乙酰胺)苯甲酸甲酯(Ia-2)的制备
操作方法同实施例1(Ia-1)的制备,所不同的是使用3-溴-4-(2-氯乙酰氨基)苯甲酸甲酯。白色粉末,收率:56.3%.mp:148-151℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:9.36(s,1H,NH),9.17(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.47(d,1H,J=5.56Hz,PhH),8.45(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.21(d,1H,J=1.92Hz,PhH),8.01-7.94(m,3H,naphthalene-H,PhH),7.59-7.53(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.46-7.43(m,3H,naphthalene-H),4.05(d,J=15.0Hz,1H,CH2),3.92-3.88(m,4H,CH2,CH3).13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:167.79(C=O),167.16(C=O),165.34(C6-pyrimidine),157.52(C2-pyrimidine),155.33(C3-pyrimidine),139.80,133.78,132.24,131.08,130.54,130.17,129.87,128.78,128.08,127.11(2×C),126.75,126.62,125.37,124.62,120.99,112.62,52.31(O-CH3),34.33(S-CH2).ESI-MS:m/z508.3(M+1),510.3(M+3),512.7(M+5),530.2(M+23),C24H18BrN3O3S[507.03].
实施例3:3-溴-4(2-(5-萘-1基)嘧啶-4-基巯)乙酰胺)苯甲酸乙酯(Ia-3)的制备
操作方法同实施例1(Ia-1)的制备,所不同的是使用3-溴-4-(2-氯乙酰氨基)苯甲酸乙酯。白色粉末,收率:59.2%.mp:130-132℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:9.32(s,1H,NH),9.18(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.46(s,1H,PhH),8.44(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.21(d,1H,J=1.88Hz,PhH),8.01-7.94(m,3H,naphthalene-H,PhH),7.60-7.53(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.48-7.42(m,3H,naphthalene-H),4.39(q,2H,J=7.12Hz,CH2),4.06(dd,2H,J1=53.08Hz,J2=15.00Hz,CH2),1.40(t,3H,J=7.12Hz,CH3).13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:168.32(C=O),167.01(C=O),164.85(C6-pyrimidine),157.16(C2-pyrimidine),154.81(C3-pyrimidine),139.64,133.77,133.71,132.30,131.04,130.38,130.24,129.85,128.80,128.09,127.15(2×C),126.65,125.38,124.58,120.96,112.60,61.29(O-CH3),34.40(S-CH2),14.31(CH3).ESI-MS:m/z522.3(M+1),524.3(M+3),544.3(M+23),C25H20BrN3O3S[521.04].
实施例4:3-氯-4(2-(5-萘-1基)嘧啶-4-基巯)乙酰胺)苯甲酸甲酯(Ia-4)的制备
操作方法同实施例1(Ia-1)的制备,所不同的是使用3-氯-4-(2-氯乙酰氨基)苯甲酸甲酯。白色粉末,收率:63.5%.mp:172-174℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:9.53(s,1H,NH),9.19(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.51(d,1H,J=8.64Hz,PhH),8.49(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.06(d,1H,J=1.88Hz,PhH),8.03(d,1H,J=8.20Hz,PhH),7.97-7.92(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.61-7.54(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.49-7.44(m,3H,naphthalene-H),3.91(s,5H,CH2,CH3).13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:167.76(C=O),166.96(C=O),165.50(C6-pyrimidine),156.51(C2-pyrimidine),153.93(C3-pyrimidine),138.67,133.76,130.93,130.52,130.43,129.99,129.36,128.85,128.15,127.28(2×C),126.73,126.34,125.41,124.49,122.34,120.67,52.36(O-CH3),34.86(S-CH2).ESI-MS:m/z464.4(M+1),466.3(M+3),486.4(M+23),C24H18ClN3O3S[463.08].
实施例5:3-氯-4(2-(5-萘-1基)嘧啶-4-基巯)乙酰胺)苯甲酸乙酯(Ia-5)的制备
操作方法同实施例1(Ia-1)的制备,所不同的是使用3-氯-4-(2-氯乙酰氨基)苯甲酸乙酯。白色粉末,收率:58.8%.mp:146-150℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:9.60(s,1H,NH),9.16(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.51(d,1H,J=8.68Hz,PhH),8.46(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.05(d,1H,J=1.92Hz,PhH),8.00(d,1H,J=8.24Hz,PhH),7.96-7.92(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.59-7.52(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.48-7.43(m,3H,naphthalene-H),4.39(q,2H,J=7.16Hz,CH2),4.04(dd,2H,J1=60.28Hz,J2=14.76Hz,CH2),1.40(t,3H,J=7.16Hz,CH3).13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:167.97(C=O),167.27(C=O),165.02(C6-pyrimidine),157.46(C2-pyrimidine),155.38(C3-pyrimidine),138.70,133.76,132.24,131.07,130.53,130.43,130.17,129.27,128.77,128.08,127.12,126.65,126.61,125.37,124.58,122.31,120.65,61.26(O-CH3),34.43(S-CH2),14.31(CH3).ESI-MS:m/z478.3(M+1),480.3(M+3),500.2(M+23),C25H20ClN3O3S[477.09].
实施例6:3-氯-4(2-(5-萘-1基)嘧啶-4-基巯)乙酰胺)苯甲酸甲酯(Ia-6)的制备
操作方法同实施例1(Ia-1)的制备,所不同的是使用3-氯-4-(2-氯乙酰氨基)苯甲酸。白色粉末,收率:45.9%.mp:224-226℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:11.50(s,1H,OH),9.65(s,1H,NH),9.13(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.51(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.11(d,1H,J=8.24Hz,PhH),8.07-8.05(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.96(d,1H,J=1.88Hz,PhH),7.88(dd,1H,J1=8.24Hz,J2=1.88Hz,PhH),7.72(t,1H,J=8.16Hz,naphthalene-H),7.61(td,1H,J1=8.04Hz,J2=1.12Hz,naphthalene-H),7.54-7.49(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.43(d,1H,J=8.36Hz,naphthalene-H),4.24-4.13(m,2H,CH2).13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:168.00(C=O),167.41(C=O),166.22(C6-pyrimidine),157.66(C2-pyrimidine),155.42(C3-pyrimidine),139.07,133.73,131.57,131.12,130.69,130.05,129.21,129.13,129.01,128.58,128.15,127.45,126.93,126.11,125.16,124.57,123.84,65.49(O-CH3).ESI-MS:m/z450.4(M+1),452.4(M+3),472.3(M+23),C23H16ClN3O3S[449.06].
实施例7:2-(5-(萘-1-基)嘧啶-4-基巯)-N-(2-硝基苯)乙酰胺(Ia-7)的制备
操作方法同实施例1(Ia-1)的制备,所不同的是使用2-氯-N-(2-硝基苯)乙酰胺。黄色粉末,收率:60.0%.mp:134-138℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:10.63(s,1H,NH),9.09(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.50(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.10(dd,2H,J1=17.48Hz,J2=8.16Hz,naphthalene-H),8.00(d,1H,J=8.16Hz,PhH),7.88(d,1H,J=8.08Hz,PhH),7.73(t,1H,J=7.56Hz,PhH),7.67(t,1H,J=7.44Hz,naphthalene-H),7.60(t,1H,J=6.96Hz,naphthalene-H),7.54-7.48(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.44(d,1H,J=8.28Hz,naphthalene-H),7.37(t,1H,J=7.68Hz,PhH),4.15(dd,2H,J1=20.64Hz,J2=15.64Hz,CH2).ESI-MS:m/z417.4(M+1),439.4(M+23),C22H16N4O3S[416.09].
实施例8:3-氯-N-甲氧基-4-(2-(5-(萘-1-基)嘧啶-4-基巯)乙酰胺)苯甲酰胺(Ia-8)的制备
操作方法同实施例1(Ia-1)的制备,所不同的是使用3-氯-4-(2-氯乙酰按)-N-甲氧基苯甲酰氨基。白色粉末,收率:57.7%.mp:148-152℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:11.87(s,1H,NH),9.92(s,1H,NH),9.13(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.51(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.11(d,1H,J=8.28Hz,naphthalene-H),8.07(d,1H,J=8.16Hz,naphthalene-H),7.99(d,1H,J=8.52Hz,PhH),7.86(d,1H,J=1.68Hz,PhH),7.71(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.62(t,1H,J=7.8Hz,naphthalene-H),7.54-7.49(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.43(d,1H,J=8.52Hz,PhH),4.21(dd,2H,J1=23.00Hz,J2=15.40Hz,CH2),3.55(s,3H,CH3).13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:168.04(C=O),167.38(C=O),162.82(C6-pyrimidine),157.59(C2-pyrimidine),155.33(C3-pyrimidine),137.96,133.71,131.72,131.48,131.07,130.07,129.63,129.03,128.56(2×C),127.46,126.96,126.89,126.12,125.08,125.00,124.24,63.83(O-CH3),34.26(S-CH2).ESI-MS:m/z479.3(M+1),501.3(M+18),C24H19ClN4O3S[478.09].
实施例9:3-氯-N-羟基-4-(2-(5-(萘-1-基)嘧啶-4-基巯)乙酰胺)苯甲酰胺(Ia-9)的制备
操作方法同实施例1(Ia-1)的制备,所不同的是使用3-氯-4-(2-氯乙酰按)-N-羟基苯甲酰氨基。白色粉末,收率:59.3%.mp:148-152℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:11.26(br,1H,NH),9.89(s,1H,NH),9.13(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.51(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.11-8.05(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.95(d,1H,J=8.52Hz,PhH),7.85(d,1H,J=1.80Hz,PhH),7.71(dd,1H,J1=8.52Hz,J2=1.80Hz,PhH),7.68(t,1H,J=7.20Hz,naphthalene-H),7.61(t,1H,J=7.08Hz,naphthalene-H),7.54-7.49(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.43(d,1H,J=8.32Hz,naphthalene-H),4.21(dd,2H,J1=23.24Hz,J2=15.40Hz,CH2).13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:168.04(C=O),167.26(C=O),157.64(C6-pyrimidine),155.52(C2-pyrimidine),155.40(C3-pyrimidine),137.55,133.74,131.71,131.58,131.13,130.54,130.04,129.01,128.57,128.37,127.44,126.92,126.68,126.10,125.15,125.00,124.31,34.40(S-CH2).ESI-MS:m/z465.3(M+1),467.3(M+3),487.4(M+23),C23H17ClN4O3S[464.07].
实施例10:乙基-(2-(3-氯-4--(2-(5-(萘-1-基)嘧啶-4-基巯)苯甲酰氨基)乙酰胺(Ia-10)的制备
操作方法同实施例1(Ia-1)的制备,所不同的是使用2-(3-氯-4-(2-氯乙酰按)苯甲酰氨)-N-乙酸乙酯基。白色粉末,收率:67.4%.mp:196-198℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:9.89(s,1H,NH),9.14(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),9.02(t,1H,J=5.68Hz,NH),8.51(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.11-8.05(m,2H,naphthalene-H),8.02(d,1H,J=8.64Hz,PhH),8.00(d,1H,J=1.88Hz,PhH),7.83(dd,1H,J1=8.56Hz,J2=1.80Hz,PhH),7.68(t,1H,J=7.24Hz,naphthalene-H),7.61(t,1H,J=7.04Hz,naphthalene-H),7.54-7.49(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.44(d,1H,J=8.32Hz,naphthalene-H),4.29-4.09(m,4H,CH2×2),4.00(d,2H,J=5.76Hz,CH2),1.22(t,3H,J=7.08Hz,CH3).13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:170.18(C=O),168.03(C=O),167.31(C=O),165.28(C6-pyrimidine),157.64(C2-pyrimidine),155.42(C3-pyrimidine),137.91,133.75,131.74,131.59,131.15,130.04,129.01,128.86,128.57,127.43,127.16,126.91,126.09,125.15,124.91,124.07,60.95(O-CH3),41.82(CH2),34.34(S-CH2),14.55(CH3).ESI-MS:m/z535.3(M+1),537.3(M+3),557.4(M+23),C27H23ClN4O4S[534.11].
实施例11:6-氯-5-(2-(5-萘-1基)嘧啶-4-基巯)乙酰胺)吡啶甲酸(Ia-11)的制备
操作方法同实施例1(Ia-1)的制备,所不同的是使用6-氯-5-(2-氯乙酰胺)吡啶酸。白色粉末,收率:59.0%.mp:138-142℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:10.09(s,1H,NH),9.14(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.52(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.51(d,1H,J=8.24Hz,pyridine-H),8.11(d,1H,J=8.24Hz,pyridine-H),8.07(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.68(t,1H,J=7.16Hznaphthalene-H),7.61(t,1H,J=7.04Hznaphthalene-H),7.55-7.50(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.68(d,1H,J=8.36Hznaphthalene-H),4.27(dd,2H,J1=22.28Hz,J2=15.56Hz,CH2).13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:168.02(C=O),167.95(C=O),164.90(C6-pyrimidine),157.65(C2-pyrimidine),155.43(C3-pyrimidine),143.42,141.10,135.23,133.73,132.08,131.71,131.55,131.12,130.05,129.01,128.58,127.45,126.93,126.10,125.42,125.16,34.40(S-CH2).ESI-MS:m/z451.4(M+1),453.4(M+3),473.2(M+23),C22H15ClN4O3S[450.06].
实施例12:2-(3-氯-4-(2-(5-(萘-1-基)嘧啶-4-基巯)乙酰胺)本甲酰胺基)丙酸乙酯(Ia-12)的制备
操作方法同实施例1(Ia-1)的制备,所不同的是使用2-(3-氯-4-(2-氯乙酰胺)苯甲酰胺)丙甲酸乙酯。白色粉末,收率:62.3%.mp:108-112℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:9.47(s,1H,NH),9.13(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.67(t,1H,J=5.32HzNH),8.50(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.12-8.05(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.98(d,1H,J=8.56Hz,PhH),7.94(d,1H,J=1.84Hz,PhH),7.78(dd,1H,J1=8.56Hz,J2=1.84Hz,PhH),7.69(t,1H,J=7.28Hznaphthalene-H),7.62(t,1H,J=7.08Hznaphthalene-H),7.54-7.41(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.43(d,1H,J=8.36Hznaphthalene-H),4.21-4.11(m,3H,CH2,CH),3.51-3.47(m,3H,CH3),2.60-2.52(m,2H,CH2),1.19(t,3H,J=7.12Hz,CH3).13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:171.80(O-C=O),168.05(C=O),167.36(C=O),165.11(C6-pyrimidine),157.56(C2-pyrimidine),155.30(C3-pyrimidine),137.57,133.72,131.81,131.75,131.45,131.07,130.07,129.02,128.70,128.55,127.45,126.98,126.95,126.11,125.05,125.00,124.08,60.49(O-CH3),36.06,34.23(S-CH2),34.10,14.48(CH3).ESI-MS:m/z549.4(M+1),551.4(M+3),571.4(M+23),C28H25ClN4O4S[548.13].
实施例13:乙基-4-(2-(5-(萘-1基)嘧啶-4-基巯)乙酰胺)-3-硝基苯甲酸乙酯(Ia-13)的制备
操作方法同实施例1(Ia-1)的制备,所不同的是使用4-(2-氯乙酰胺)-3-硝基-苯甲酸甲酯。白色粉末,收率:59.9%.mp:132-134℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:10.93(s,1H,NH),9.10(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.52(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.47(d,1H,J=1.60Hz,PhH),8.25(dd,1H,J1=8.68Hz,J2=1.72Hz,PhH),8.19(d,1H,J=8.64Hz,PhH),8.11(dd,2H,J1=18.16Hz,J2=8.24Hznaphthalene-H),7.68(t,1H,J=7.44Hz,naphthalene-H),7.61(t,1H,J=7.12Hz,naphthalene-H),7.55-7.49(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.44(d,1H,J=8.32Hz,naphthalene-H),4.20(dd,2H,J1=24.56Hz,J2=15.72Hz,CH2),3.89(s,3H,CH3).13C-NMR(100MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:167.60(C=O),167.56(C=O),164.69(C6-pyrimidine),157.56(C2-pyrimidine),155.48(C3-pyrimidine),140.04,136.29,135.16,133.73,131.76,131.51,131.14,130.06,128.98,128.56,127.46,126.93,126.68,126.07,125.75,125.21,124.34,53.09(O-CH3),34.47(CH3).ESI-MS:m/z475.3(M+1),497.4(M+23),C24H18N4O5S[474.1].
实施例14:4-(4-((5-萘-1-基)嘧啶-4-基巯)甲基)-1氢-1,2,3-三唑-1-基)苯甲酸(I’a-1)的制备
缓慢向中间体Va(0.10g,0.42mmol)和碳酸钾(0.069g,0.50mmol)的丙酮溶液滴加溴丙炔(0.046ml,0.42mmol)。反应液室温搅拌约3小时,TLC监测反应结束后减压蒸除丙酮,加入20ml水,乙酸乙酯萃取(2×10mL),合并有机相无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩并经快速柱层析(乙酸乙酯:石油醚=1:8)纯化得到中间体VIa。所得产物为白色固体,收率:58.8%.ESI-MS:m/z277.3(M+1),C17H12N2S[276.07].
中间体VIa(0.10g,0.36mmol)和4-叠氮苯甲酸(0.065g,0.40mmol)溶于叔丁醇和水的混合溶剂(1:1,10ml)中,搅拌下依次加入维C钠(0.014g,0.072mmol),五水硫酸铜(0.0089mg,0.036mmol)以及催化量的苯甲酸。反应液室温搅拌48小时后,将其倒入大量水中,乙酸乙酯萃取(3×10mL),合并有机层硫酸钠干燥,过滤浓缩柱层析(甲醇:二氯甲烷=1:35)得目标产物(I’a-1)。白色粉末,收率:53.1%.mp:256-260℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:13.24(s,1H,COOH),9.33(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.81(s,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.13-8.01(m,7H,naphthalene-H,Ph-H,1,2,3-triazole-H),7.65(t,1H,J=7.20Hz,naphthalene-H),7.59(t,1H,J=7.36Hz,naphthalene-H),7.52-7.47(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.43(d,1H,J=8.32Hz),4.62(dd,2H,J1=26.92Hz,J2=14.44Hz,S-CH2).ESI-MS:m/z440.5(M+1),462.3(M+23),C24H17N5O2S[439.11].
实施例15:4-((1-(2-溴苯基)-1氢-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)甲基巯)-5(萘-1-基)嘧啶(I’a-2)的制备
操作方法同实施例14(I’a-1)的制备,所不同的是使用2-溴-苄基叠氮。黄褐色油状固体,收率:50.2%.mp:98-100℃.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:9.23(br,1H),7.59(dd,2H,J1=12.60Hz,J2=8.24Hz),7.55-7.50(m,2H),7.23-7.39(m,4H,naphthalene-H),7.26(s,1H,1,2,3-triazole-H),7.19(d,2H,J=8.32Hz,PhH),6.88(d,2H,J=8.12Hz,PhH),5.38(s,2H,N-CH2),4.53(dd,2H,J1=30.75Hz,J2=14.16Hz,S-CH2),3.80(s,3H,O-CH3)..ESI-MS:m/z440.5(M+1),462.4(M+23),C25H21N5OS[439.15].
实施例16:4-((1-(4-甲氧苯基)-1氢-1,2,3-三唑-4-基)甲基巯)-5(萘-1-基)嘧啶(I’a-3)的制备
操作方法同实施例14(I’a-1)的制备,所不同的是使用4-甲氧基-苄基叠氮。黄褐色油状固体,收率:46.2%.1HNMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6,ppm)δ:9.20(br,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.60(br,1H,pyrimidine-H),8.07-8.01(m,3H,naphthalene-H,1,2,3-triazole-H),7.61-7.54(m,3H,PhH,),7.47-7.42(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.38-7.33(m,2H,naphthalene-H),7.30(td,1H,J1=7.72Hz,J2=1.40Hz,PhH),7.07(dd,1H,J1=7.56Hz,J2=1.20Hz,PhH),5.61(s,2H,N-CH2),4.46(s,2H,S-CH2).ESI-MS:m/z488.3(M+1),490.3(M+3),510.3(M+23),C24H18BrN5S[487.05].
实施例17:抗HIV活性实验(MT-4细胞模型)
实验方法参见①PauwelsR,etal.J.Virol.Methods.1988,20,309.②PannecouqueC,etal.NatProtocols2008,3,427.
术语解释:
MT-4细胞:人急性淋巴母细胞白血病细胞。
MTT分析法:MTT即为3-(4,5-二甲基噻唑-2)-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐,商品名:噻唑蓝。
Nevirapine:抗艾滋病上市药物奈韦拉平。
Efavirenz:抗艾滋病上市药物依法韦仑。
Delavirdine:抗艾滋病上市药物地拉韦啶。
DMSO:二甲基亚砜。
测试原理
由于HIV感染的MT-4细胞在一定时间内(5-7天)会发生病变,因此向HIV感染的MT-4细胞悬浊液中加入适当浓度的待检测化合物溶液,经过一段时间(5-7天)的培养后,用MTT分析法测定MT-4细胞活力,得到保护50%细胞免于细胞病变的药物浓度(EC50)即可得出目标化合物的抗HIV的活性。同时得到目标化合物使50%未感染HIV的细胞发生病变的浓度(CC50),计算出选择系数(selectivityindex,SI=CC50/EC50)。
MTT分析法原理:MTT即溴化-3-(4,5-二甲基-2-噻唑基)-2,5-二苯基四唑氮,可与活的细胞内琥珀酸脱氢酶相结合,而不与死亡细胞发生反应。目前MTT法是一种快速、简洁反映细胞活力的酶分析方法。
测试材料和方法
(1)HIV-1(IIIB)、HIV-2(ROD)毒株、HIV-1双突变(K103N/Y181C)耐药株RES056:由比利时Leuven大学Rega研究院微生物与免疫学研究所提供。
(2)MT-4细胞:由比利时Leuven大学Rega研究院微生物与免疫学研究所提供。
(3)MTT:购自美国Sigma公司。
(4)样品处理:样品临用前溶于DMSO配成适当浓度,并用双蒸水作5倍稀释,各5个稀释度。
(5)阳性对照药:Nevirapine(NVP)、Efavirenz(EFV)、Delavirdine(DLV)。
(6)测试方法:样品稀释后加入到HIV感染MT-4细胞悬浊液中,经过一段时间后用MTT比色法测定细胞活力,于酶标仪中,在590nm下记录吸光度(A)值,计算出EC50,CC50以及SI。
(7)MTT染色法:加入样品培养一段时间后,再向每孔加入MTT溶液(5mg/mL)20μL,继续培养若干小时,弃染色液,并向每孔加入150μLDMSO,充分混合,于酶标仪中,在590nm下记录吸光度。
具体操作如下:将化合物用DMSO或水溶解后用磷酸盐缓冲液稀释,将3×105MT-4细胞与100μL不同浓度的化合物溶液在37℃共同预孵育1h。然后向该混合物中加入100μL适当浓度的病毒稀释液,将细胞于37℃孵育1h。洗涤三次后,将细胞再次分别悬浮于含有或不含化合物的培养基质中。接着将细胞在5%CO2环境中,于37℃下再孵育7天,并于感染后的第三天用含有或不含化合物的培养基质补充原培养液。每种培养条件都重复操作两次。对病毒的细胞病变作用每天都用反向光学显微镜监控。一般来讲,本实验中所用的病毒稀释液常常会在病毒感染后第五天发生细胞病变。药物抑制浓度以药物对病毒致细胞病变作用产生50%抑制作用而同时对细胞无直接毒性的浓度(EC50)表示。值得强调的是,当化合物水溶性较差,需要用DMSO才能溶解时,DMSO体积比浓度相对于水来讲,一般会低于10%(DMSO在MT-4细胞培养介质中最终浓度小于2%)。因为DMSO能影响测试化合物抗病毒活性,对含有相同浓度DMSO溶液的抗病毒活性对比空白实验也应该平行操作进行。另外,DMSO最终浓度(1/1000)远远低于影响HIV-1在MT-4细胞中复制所需浓度。
目标化合物的体外抗HIV-1(IIIB)、HIV-2(ROD)及HIV-1双突变RES056耐药株活性筛选数据由比利时Leuven大学Rega研究院微生物与免疫学研究所提供,所有的活性数据都经过至少两次独立、平行的实验测得,结果见表1。
表1化合物抗HIV-1(IIIB,RES056)的活性和细胞毒性
实施例18:抗逆转录酶活性测试实验
本实验采用色度法逆转录酶活性测定实验,所使用试剂盒ReverseTranscriptaseAssay,colorimetricVersion13.0购自罗氏公司,阳性对照药物选用奈韦拉平。(参见①Hofman,A.D.&Banapour,B.&Levy,J.A.(1985)Virology147,326–335.②Ukkonen,P.etal.(1988)Eur.J.Clin.Microbiol.&Infect.Dis.7,518–523.)
测试原理
色度法逆转录酶活性测定使用模板/引物聚合物poly(A)×oligo(dT)作为起始原料,并用地高辛和生物素标记的核苷酸代替用放射性同位素[3H]-或[32P]-标记的核苷酸,这些是此方法的优势之处。所合成出的DNA是测定逆转录酶活性的重要参数,检测和定量DNA使用了以下三明治式的ELISA测定方法:生物素标记的DNA能够与包被了抗生物素链霉菌素的微版模块(MP)的表面进行结合。在接下来的一步中,聚合了过氧化物酶的地高辛抗体需要结合到地高辛标记的DNA上。最终,加入过氧化物酶的底物2,2-联氮-二(3-乙基-苯并噻唑-6-磺酸)二铵盐(ABTS),使它们在酶的催化作用下分解,产生带有明显颜色的产物。通过酶标仪测定载有样品的微板吸光度,此吸光度值与逆转录酶的活性呈现直接的关联,通过公式计算可得到化合物对逆转录酶的抑制浓度。
测试方法
(1)首先配置各种工作溶液,并将样品用适量DMSO溶解,并用裂解缓冲液稀释成5个浓度梯度。在各个不同的反应管中,将4–6ng重组HIV-1-RT用裂解缓冲液(20μL/well)稀释。同时,准备只有裂解缓冲液而没有RT的阴性对照组。然后每个反应罐加入20μL含有不同浓度所测试样品的缓冲溶液以及20μL反应物混合液,在37摄氏度下孵育一个小时。
(2)准备足够的微版模块,按照方向牢固地安装在框架内。将孵育好的样品(60μl)转移到微板的孔中,用薄膜覆盖好后第二次37摄氏度孵育一小时。
将溶液移除,每孔用洗液仔细地冲洗5遍,每遍用250μL,保留30秒。每孔加入200μL抗地高辛-过氧化物酶聚合物,将微板用薄膜覆盖好后第三次在37摄氏度下孵育一小时。
(3)将溶液移除,每孔用洗液仔细地冲洗5遍,每遍用250μL,保留30秒。每孔加入200μLABTS溶液,在15-25摄氏度下孵育,直到绿颜色出现并足够通过光度检测(一般为10-30分钟)。
(4)用酶标仪测定载有样品在波长405nm处的吸光度值,通过以下公式计算可得化合物对逆转录酶的抑制浓度。
抑制率%=(阳性对照荧光强度-样品荧光强度)/(阳性对照荧光强度-背景荧光强度)×100%进行线性回归,将抑制率带入线性方程,求得的浓度C既是IC50,单位是(μg/mL),再根据化合物分子量转化为μM,此实验选取了细胞活性最好的代表性化合物Ia-10,以及阳性对照药依曲韦林(ETV),实验结果见表2。
表2代表化合物对HIV-1逆转录酶抑制活性
上述实验结果表明:具有本发明通式I及I’的化合物是一类具有新型结构骨架的HIV-1抑制剂,其中有多个化合物对野生型HIV-1的抑制活性处于亚微摩尔水平,对耐药病毒株同样具有中等的抑制活性,尤其是化合物Ia-10对野生型HIV的活性优于目前临床上广泛应用的抗艾滋病药物奈韦拉平(NVP),化合物Ia-1对野生型HIV的活性与NVP相当,对双突变株RES056的活性则远远优于NVP,本发明取得了意想不到的技术效果;因此,本发明涉及的化合物极有可能对HIV耐药性病毒株产生强的抑制活性,具有更加优异的效果及发展成为一类全新结构抗HIV新药的潜力。
Claims (4)
1.嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物或其药学上可接受的盐,其结构如下:
2.权利要求1所述的化合物的制备方法,以3-溴-2羟基-嘧啶(IIa)为起始原料,与1-萘硼酸(IIIa)经铃木反应制得中间体(IVa),五硫化二磷将羟基转化为巯基得到母环(Va),取代基2-氯-N-(4-磺酰胺基-2-溴苯基)乙酰胺和2-(3-氯-4-(2-氯乙酰按)苯甲酰氨)-N-乙酸乙酯基对(Va)进行亲核取代反应得到嘧啶巯乙酰胺类衍生物Ia-1和Ia-10;
合成路线如下:
试剂和条件:(i)Na2CO3,Pd(PPh3)4,H2O,二氧六环/H2O,90℃;(ii)P2S5,吡啶,100℃;(iii)K2CO3,丙酮,取代的ClCH2CONHAr,室温。
3.一种抗HIV药物组合物,包含权利要求1所述化合物或其药学上可接受的盐以及一种或多种药学上可接受载体或赋形剂。
4.权利要求1所述化合物在制备抗HIV的药物中的应用。
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