CN104011026A - 新型杀虫用芳酰胺 - Google Patents
新型杀虫用芳酰胺 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104011026A CN104011026A CN201280063332.3A CN201280063332A CN104011026A CN 104011026 A CN104011026 A CN 104011026A CN 201280063332 A CN201280063332 A CN 201280063332A CN 104011026 A CN104011026 A CN 104011026A
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- group
- methyl
- optionally substituted
- cycloalkyl
- alkenyl
- Prior art date
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- Granted
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- 230000000749 insecticidal effect Effects 0.000 title description 23
- 150000008430 aromatic amides Chemical class 0.000 title description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- -1 C1-C6Alkylthio radical Chemical class 0.000 claims description 608
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 145
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 139
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 139
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 98
- 125000005913 (C3-C6) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 70
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 66
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 66
- 125000000882 C2-C6 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 61
- 125000003601 C2-C6 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 61
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 51
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 51
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 50
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 48
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 41
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 40
- 125000000171 (C1-C6) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 claims description 28
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 125000006773 (C2-C7) alkylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 24
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 24
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 21
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000006656 (C2-C4) alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000006828 (C2-C7) alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000006650 (C2-C4) alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004191 (C1-C6) alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004738 (C1-C6) alkyl sulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004739 (C1-C6) alkylsulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004737 (C1-C6) haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004749 (C1-C6) haloalkylsulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004741 (C1-C6) haloalkylsulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000006771 (C1-C6) haloalkylthio group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 15
- ATHHXGZTWNVVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methylformamide Chemical compound CNC=O ATHHXGZTWNVVOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004765 (C1-C4) haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004206 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butyne Chemical compound CC#CC XNMQEEKYCVKGBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000006340 pentafluoro ethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000004454 (C1-C6) alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004916 (C1-C6) alkylcarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003754 ethoxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC)* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001160 methoxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000001731 2-cyanoethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C#N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001494 2-propynyl group Chemical group [H]C#CC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000006216 methylsulfinyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)=O 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004216 fluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)* 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004184 methoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004890 (C1-C6) alkylamino group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004672 ethylcarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005928 isopropyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(OC(*)=O)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000004674 methylcarbonyl group Chemical group CC(=O)* 0.000 claims description 7
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 claims description 7
- XXJGBENTLXFVFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-amino-methylene Chemical compound N[CH2] XXJGBENTLXFVFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000003349 3-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([*])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000244206 Nematoda Species 0.000 claims description 6
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical group [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000005745 ethoxymethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000229 (C1-C4)alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004974 2-butenyl group Chemical group C(C=CC)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006577 C1-C6 hydroxyalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004186 cyclopropylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(*)C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004170 methylsulfonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003854 p-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004768 (C1-C4) alkylsulfinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006645 (C3-C4) cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004182 2-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(Cl)=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004493 2-methylbut-1-yl group Chemical group CC(C*)CC 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004179 3-chlorophenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(Cl)=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006283 4-chlorobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1Cl)C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000239223 Arachnida Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004399 C1-C4 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004218 chloromethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004851 cyclopentylmethyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC1)C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical group [H]C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000000040 m-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C([H])C(=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000006643 (C2-C6) haloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006426 1-chlorocyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1(Cl)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001478 1-chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(Cl)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006432 1-methyl cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C1(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004484 1-methylpiperidin-4-yl group Chemical group CN1CCC(CC1)* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000006282 2-chlorobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(Cl)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001340 2-chloroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(Cl)C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004777 2-fluoroethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])(F)C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004105 2-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([*])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003852 3-chlorobenzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C(Cl)=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000590 4-methylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000339 4-pyridyl group Chemical group N1=C([H])C([H])=C([*])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004199 4-trifluoromethylphenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(=C([H])C([H])=C1*)C(F)(F)F 0.000 claims description 3
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- AWQVKAURKXXOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-cyclopropylformamide Chemical compound O=CNC1CC1 AWQVKAURKXXOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 125000004213 tert-butoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(O*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012414 tert-butyl nitrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- BIQRTOBZAQMMOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-(tert-butyl-methoxy-phenylsilyl)oxy-methoxy-phenylsilane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](C(C)(C)C)(OC)O[Si](OC)(C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 BIQRTOBZAQMMOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- KJTULOVPMGUBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl-[tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]oxy-diphenylsilane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C(C)(C)C)O[Si](C(C)(C)C)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 KJTULOVPMGUBJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBCKGWBNUIFUST-YHYXMXQVSA-N tetrachlorvinphos Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)O\C(=C/Cl)C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl UBCKGWBNUIFUST-YHYXMXQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLGCXEBRWGEOQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradifon Chemical compound C1=CC(Cl)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl MLGCXEBRWGEOQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BUGOPWGPQGYYGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCCC1 BUGOPWGPQGYYGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001984 thiazolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005301 thienylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(S1)C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003777 thiepinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- OPASCBHCTNRLRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiometon Chemical compound CCSCCSP(=S)(OC)OC OPASCBHCTNRLRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005505 thiomorpholino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical compound COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSOHVSNIQHGFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L thiosultap disodium Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)SCC(N(C)C)CSS([O-])(=O)=O QSOHVSNIQHGFJU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VJQYLJSMBWXGDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tiadinil Chemical compound N1=NSC(C(=O)NC=2C=C(Cl)C(C)=CC=2)=C1C VJQYLJSMBWXGDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOQGJRQKCIJIDB-UHFFFAOYSA-M tin;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Sn] JOQGJRQKCIJIDB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M toluene-4-sulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- HYVWIQDYBVKITD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tolylfluanid Chemical compound CN(C)S(=O)(=O)N(SC(F)(Cl)Cl)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 HYVWIQDYBVKITD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YWSCPYYRJXKUDB-KAKFPZCNSA-N tralomethrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@@H](C(Br)C(Br)(Br)Br)[C@H]1C(=O)O[C@H](C#N)C1=CC=CC(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YWSCPYYRJXKUDB-KAKFPZCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- DDVNRFNDOPPVQJ-HQJQHLMTSA-N transfluthrin Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C=C(Cl)Cl)[C@H]1C(=O)OCC1=C(F)C(F)=CC(F)=C1F DDVNRFNDOPPVQJ-HQJQHLMTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000014616 translation Effects 0.000 description 1
- LGSAOJLQTXCYHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(propan-2-yl)-tri(propan-2-yl)silyloxysilane Chemical compound CC(C)[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)O[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)C(C)C LGSAOJLQTXCYHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NKNFWVNSBIXGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triazamate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CSC1=NC(C(C)(C)C)=NN1C(=O)N(C)C NKNFWVNSBIXGLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YWBFPKPWMSWWEA-UHFFFAOYSA-O triazolopyrimidine Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC(C=2N=C3N=CN[N+]3=C(NCC=3C=CN=CC=3)C=2)=C1 YWBFPKPWMSWWEA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorfon Chemical compound COP(=O)(OC)C(O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl NFACJZMKEDPNKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940066528 trichloroacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroethylene Natural products ClCC(Cl)Cl UBOXGVDOUJQMTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003866 trichloromethyl group Chemical group ClC(Cl)(Cl)* 0.000 description 1
- RNVJQUPAEIQUTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclohexyltin Chemical compound C1CCCCC1[Sn](C1CCCCC1)C1CCCCC1 RNVJQUPAEIQUTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WILBTFWIBAOWLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl(triethylsilyloxy)silane Chemical compound CC[Si](CC)(CC)O[Si](CC)(CC)CC WILBTFWIBAOWLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O triethylammonium ion Chemical compound CC[NH+](CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- XAIPTRIXGHTTNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflumuron Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(F)(F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1Cl XAIPTRIXGHTTNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005951 trifluoromethanesulfonyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000876 trifluoromethoxy group Chemical group FC(F)(F)O* 0.000 description 1
- RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N triisopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C(C)C)C(C)C RKBCYCFRFCNLTO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVZTVZJLMIHPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl(triphenylsilyloxy)silane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)O[Si](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 IVZTVZJLMIHPEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUHFQLVFMFDJOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl(triphenylstannyloxy)stannane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Sn](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)O[Sn](C=1C=CC=CC=1)(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MUHFQLVFMFDJOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001226 triphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002211 ultraviolet spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940005605 valeric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- DBXFMOWZRXXBRN-LWKPJOBUSA-N valifenalate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC(=O)OC)C1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 DBXFMOWZRXXBRN-LWKPJOBUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N veratrole Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC=C1OC ABDKAPXRBAPSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005943 zeta-Cypermethrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940048462 zinc phosphide Drugs 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D231/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
- C07D231/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D231/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D231/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/56—1,2-Diazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2-diazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
- A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/713—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with four or more nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/80—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,2
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N53/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing cyclopropane carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P33/00—Antiparasitic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C255/00—Carboxylic acid nitriles
- C07C255/49—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton
- C07C255/58—Carboxylic acid nitriles having cyano groups bound to carbon atoms of six-membered aromatic rings of a carbon skeleton containing cyano groups and singly-bound nitrogen atoms, not being further bound to other hetero atoms, bound to the carbon skeleton
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C271/00—Derivatives of carbamic acids, i.e. compounds containing any of the groups, the nitrogen atom not being part of nitro or nitroso groups
- C07C271/06—Esters of carbamic acids
- C07C271/08—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C271/10—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with the nitrogen atoms of the carbamate groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms
- C07C271/12—Esters of carbamic acids having oxygen atoms of carbamate groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms with the nitrogen atoms of the carbamate groups bound to hydrogen atoms or to acyclic carbon atoms to hydrogen atoms or to carbon atoms of unsubstituted hydrocarbon radicals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D231/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings
- C07D231/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings
- C07D231/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,2-diazole or hydrogenated 1,2-diazole rings not condensed with other rings having two or three double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D403/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00
- C07D403/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings
- C07D403/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D401/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D405/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D405/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D405/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing both one or more hetero rings having oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, and one or more rings having nitrogen as the only ring hetero atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D413/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D413/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing three or more hetero rings
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Plural Heterocyclic Compounds (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
- Thiazole And Isothizaole Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及通式(I)和(II)的化合物,其中,基团A1、A2、A3、A4、M1、M2、M3、Q、R1、T、W1和W2各自如说明书所定义,并涉及该化合物用于防治动物害虫的用途。本发明还涉及制备式(I)的化合物的方法和中间体。
Description
本发明涉及新型芳酰胺衍生物、其制备方法,及其用于防治动物害虫、特别是节肢动物、尤其是昆虫、蛛形纲动物和线虫类动物的用途。
已知某些卤代化合物具有除草作用(参见J.Org.Chem.1997,62(17),5908-5919,J.Heterocycl.Chem.1998,35(6),1493-1499,WO 2004/035545,WO 2004/106324,US 2006/069132,WO 2008/029084)。
已知某些芳酰胺衍生物抑制ρ激酶(WO2008/086047),用作缓激肽拮抗药(WO1998/42672)或者可以用于减少肥大细胞或用于抑制其脱粒(WO2005/112920)。
此外,已知某些芳酰胺可以用于防治动物害虫,特别是作为作物保护剂(EP1911751、WO2010/051926)。
然而,本发明所述的芳酰胺用于防治动物害虫、特别是作为作物保护剂的用途尚未公开。
现代的作物保护剂必须满足许多要求,例如与其功效性、持久性及其作用谱和可能的用途相关的要求。还有毒性问题、与其他活性化合物或制剂助剂的可组合性问题以及合成活性化合物所需的费用问题。此外,可能出现耐受性。出于所有这些原因,不能认为对新型作物保护剂的寻求已经结束,而是不断需要与已知化合物相比至少在单个方面性能得到改善的新型化合物。
本发明的一个目的是提供在不同方面拓宽杀虫谱的化合物。
令人惊讶的是,现已发现某些芳酰胺及其N-氧化物和盐具有生物特性,且特别适用于防治动物害虫,因此可以特别良好地用于农用化学领域和动物卫生部门。
本发明的芳酰胺由式(I)和式(II)定义:
其中,
R1代表氢、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C7-环烷基、C1-C6-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷氧羰基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基或杂芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基,
化学基团
A1代表CR2或氮,
A2代表CR3或氮,
A3代表CR4或氮,且
A4代表CR5或氮,
但是,其中化学基团A1-A4中不多于3个同时代表氮;
R2、R3、R4和R5相互独立地代表氢、卤素、CN、NO2、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基氨基、N,N-二-C2-C6-烷基氨基、N-C2-C7-烷基氨基羰基、N-C2-C7-环烷基氨基羰基、C2-C4-烷氧羰基、芳基、杂芳基或N-杂芳基;
如果基团A2和A3都不代表氮,则R3和R4与它们所连接的碳原子一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的五元环或六元环,或者
如果基团A1和A2都不代表氮,则R2和R3与它们所连接的碳原子一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子的五元环或六元环;
M1和M2各自相互独立地代表氢、C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、氰基或氰基-C1-C2-烷基,或者
M1和M2与它们所连接的碳原子形成任选地含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0、1或2个氧原子和/或0、1或2个硫原子的任选取代的三元环、四元环、五元环或六元环,
M3代表氢、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C7-环烷基、C1-C6-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷氧羰基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基或杂芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基,
W1和W2相互独立地代表氧或硫;
P可以可以取值1、2或3;
Q代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、C1-C5-杂环烷基、C1-C4-烷氧基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷基醛、C1-C6-羟烷基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基之一,或代表甲酰基、羟基、卤素、氰基、芳基、杂芳基,或者代表基团OR7、SR7、NR6R8;
R6代表氢、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、芳基、杂芳基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基;
R7选自任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、芳基和杂芳基;
R8选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基;
T代表以下所示的基团(T-1)至(T-6)之一,其任选地被Z取代:
其中,
Z1、Z2、Z3和Z4相互独立地代表氢、卤素、氰基、硝基、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、N,N-二-(C1-C6)-烷基氨基、-C(=W)NR11R10、-C(=W)OR12、-S(O)2NR13R14、-S(O)nR15、-S(O)(=NR16)R17或任选取代的苯基和吡啶基;
Z5代表氢、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基或任选取代的苯基或吡啶基;或者
Z5任选地代表氢、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、N,N-二-(C1-C6)-烷基氨基、-C(=W)NR11R10、-C(=W)OR12、-S(O)2NR13R14、-S(O)nR15、-S(O)(=NR16)R17或任选取代的苯基或吡啶基;
R10选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基和C2-C7-烷氧羰基;
R11选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基和C2-C7-烷氧羰基、芳基或杂芳基;
R12选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-卤代烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基、芳基或杂芳基;
R13选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基和C2-C7-烷氧羰基、芳基或杂芳基;
R14选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基;
R15选自任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、芳基或杂芳基;
R16选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、氰基或硝基;
R17选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基、芳基或杂芳基;
n可以取值0、1或2。
以下详述的所有取代基和参数范围是优选或特别优选的适用于通式(I)和(II)的化合物。
本发明的总为优选的实施方案是通式(I)和(Ia)的化合物。以下详述的所有取代基和参数范围作为优选或特别优选的方式应用于通式(I)和(Ia)的化合物。
优选的是式(I)和(IIa)的化合物,
其中,
R1代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C7-环烷基、C1-C6-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷氧羰基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基、杂芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基;
A1代表CR2,
A2代表CR3,
A3代表CR4或氮,且
A4代表CR5,其中
R2、R3和R5相互独立地代表氢、卤素、CN、NO2、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基氨基、N,N-二-C2-C5烷基氨基、N-C2-C7-烷基氨基羰基、N-C2-C7-环烷基氨基羰基或C2-C4-烷氧羰基;
R4代表氢、卤素、CN、NO2、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基氨基、N,N-二-C2-C6-烷基氨基、N-C2-C7-烷基氨基羰基、N-C2-C7-环烷基氨基羰基或C2-C4-烷氧羰基或N-杂芳基;
如果基团A3不代表氮,则R3和R4与它们所连接的碳一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的五元环或六元环,或者
R2和R3与它们所连接的碳一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的六元环;
M1和M2各自相互独立地代表氢、C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、氰基或氰基-C1-C2-烷基,或者
M1和M2与它们所连接的碳原子形成任选地含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0、1或2个氧原子和/或0、1或2个硫原子的任选取代的三元环、四元环、五元环或六元环,
M3代表氢、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C7-环烷基、C1-C6-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷氧羰基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基或杂芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基,
W1和W2相互独立地代表氧或硫;
p可以取值1,
Q代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、C1-C5-杂环烷基、C1-C4-烷氧基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷基醛、C1-C6-羟烷基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基,代表甲酰基、羟基、卤素、氰基、芳基、杂芳基,或者代表基团OR7、SR7、NR6R8,其中,
R6代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、芳基、杂芳基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基;
R7选自任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基;
R8选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基;
其中,
Z1和Z2相互独立地代表氢、卤素、氰基、硝基或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、N,N-二-(C1-C6)-烷基氨基、-S(O)2NR13R14、-S(O)nR15、-S(O)(=NR16)R17,或者代表任选取代的苯基或吡啶基;
Z5代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基,或者代表任选取代的苯基或吡啶基;或者可选地
Z5代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、N,N-二-(C1-C6)-烷基氨基、-S(O)2NR13R14、-S(O)nR15、-S(O)(=NR16)R17,或者代表任选取代的苯基或吡啶基;
R13选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、芳基或杂芳基之一;
R14选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基之一;
R15选自任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、芳基或杂芳基;
R16选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、氰基或硝基;
R17选自氢、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基、芳基或杂芳基。
特别优选的是式(I)和(II)的化合物
其中,
R1代表氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、2-丁炔、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、甲氧甲基、乙氧甲基、丙氧甲基、甲基羰基、乙基羰基、正丙基羰基、烯丙基、炔丙基、异丙基羰基、仲丁基羰基、叔丁基羰基、甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、正丙氧羰基、异丙氧羰基、仲丁氧羰基、叔丁氧羰基、氰甲基、2-氰乙基;
A1代表CR2,
A2代表CR3,
A3代表CR4,且
A4代表CR5,其中,
R2、R3和R5相互独立地代表氢、氟、氯、溴、CN、NO2、甲基、乙基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、1-甲基乙氧基、氟代甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、氯代二氟甲氧基、二氯氟代甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙氧基、五氟乙氧基、甲基磺酰基、甲基亚磺酰基、三氟甲基磺酰基、三氟甲基亚磺酰基和N-环丙氨基羰基;
R4代表氢、氟、氯、溴、CN、NO2、甲基、乙基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、1-甲基乙氧基、氟代甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、氯代二氟甲氧基、二氯氟代甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙氧基、五氟乙氧基、甲基磺酰基、甲基亚磺酰基、三氟甲基磺酰基、三氟甲基亚磺酰基、N-环丙氨基羰基和N-三唑基;
R3和R4与它们所连接的碳一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的六元环;
R2和R3与它们所连接的碳一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的六元环;
M1代表氢,
M2代表氢、C1-C3-烷基、C2-C3-烯基、C2-C3-烷氧羰基、氰基或氰基-C1-C2-烷基,
M3代表氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、甲氧甲基、烯丙基或氰甲基;
W1和W2各自代表氧;
p可以取值1,
Q代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、C1-C5-杂环烷基、C1-C4-烷氧基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷基醛、C1-C6-羟烷基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、氰基、芳基、杂芳基,或者代表基团OR7、SR7或NR6R8,其中,
R6代表氢或C1-C3-烷基;
R7选自任选取代的基团C1-C4-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基或C3-C6-环烷基;
R8代表氢;
其中,
Z1和Z2相互独立地代表氢、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基或任选取代的基团C1-C4-烷基、C1-C4-烯基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C4-烷硫基、C1-C4-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4-烷基磺酰基。
Z5代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C4-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C3-C4-环烷基或C1-C3-烷氧基。
特别优选的是式(Ia)和(IIa)的化合物,
其中,
R1代表氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、2-丁炔、异丁基、仲丁基、甲氧甲基、乙氧甲基、甲基羰基、乙基羰基、烯丙基、炔丙基、异丙基羰基、甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、异丙氧羰基、氰甲基、2-氰乙基;
A1代表CR2,
A2代表CR3,
A3代表CR4,且
A4代表CR5,且其中,
R2代表氢或氯,
R3、R4和R5相互独立地代表氢、氟、氯、溴、甲基或乙基,
M1代表氢;
M2代表氢或甲基;
M3代表氢;
W1和W2各自代表氧;
p可以取值1,
Q代表氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、叔丁基、1-甲基乙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、1-甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、2-羟乙基、氰甲基、2-氰乙基、3-氰丙基、1,1-二氟甲基、三氟甲基、2-氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、氯甲基、1-氯乙基、2-氯乙基、3-氯丙基、2,2-二氟丙基、环丙基、1-甲基环丙基、1-氰基环丙基、2-甲基环丙基、环丙基甲基、2,2-二氯环丙基、2,2-二氯-1-甲基环丙基、2,2-二氯环丙基、2-氟环丙基、1,1’-双(环丙基)-1-基、(2,2-二氟环丙基)甲基、环丁基、3-乙基氧杂丁环-3-基、环戊基、环戊基甲基、1-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)甲基、(2-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)甲基、四氢呋喃-2-基甲基、环己基、2-三氟甲基环己基、3-三氟甲基环己基、4-三氟甲基环己基、2-氯代环己基、3-氯代环己基、4-氯代环己基、5-甲基-1,3-二噁烷-5-基、1-乙酰基哌啶-4-基、1-甲基哌啶-4-基、丙-1-烯-1-基、1-甲基丙-1-烯-1-基、2-甲基丙-1-烯-1-基、丙-2-烯基、丁-2-烯-1-基、3-甲基丁-1-烯-1-基、丙-1-炔-1-基、(4-甲基-1,2,5-噁二唑-3-基)甲基、(3,5-二甲基-1,2-噁唑-4-基)甲基、1H-四唑基-5-基甲基、(5-甲基-2-噻吩基)甲基、2-呋喃基甲基、(3-甲基-1,2-噁唑-5-基)甲基、3-噻吩基甲基、苄基、4-氯苄基、3-氯苄基、2-氯苄基、1-(4-氯苯基)乙基、1-(4-甲基苯基)乙基、1-(3-氯苯基)乙基、1-(2-氯苯基)乙基、1-(4-氯苯基)环丙基、嘧啶-2-基甲基、甲氧基、(甲硫基)甲基、(甲基亚磺酰基)甲基、(甲基磺酰基)甲基、苯基、2-氯苯基、3-氯苯基、4-氯苯基、2-三氟甲基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、3-氯代吡啶-4-基、2-氯代吡啶-4-基、2-甲基吡啶-4-基、6-甲基吡啶-3-基、5-氯代吡啶-3-基、4-氯代吡啶-3-基、嘧啶-5-基、(6-氯代吡啶-3-基)甲基、甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、N-甲基甲酰胺、N-乙基甲酰胺、N-环丙基甲酰胺、N-环丙烷甲基甲酰胺、3-甲氧基-3-氧代丙酰基、3-(甲胺基)-3-氧代丙酰基、3-(环丙基氨基)-3-氧代丙酰基、3-(环丙基甲胺基)-3-氧代丙酰基;
Z1代表1-氯环丙基、三氟甲基或五氟乙基,且
Z2代表氯或三氟甲基;
Z5代表甲基或乙基。
此外,请求保护式(III)的化合物,其用于制备本发明的化合物:
R1代表氢、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C7-环烷基、C1-C6-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷氧羰基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基或杂芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基,
化学基团
A1代表CR2或氮,
A2代表CR3或氮,
A3代表CR4或氮,且
A4代表CR5或氮,
但是,其中化学基团A1至A4中不多于3个同时代表氮;
R2、R3、R4和R5相互独立地代表氢、卤素、CN、NO2、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基氨基、N,N-二-C2-C6-烷基氨基、N-C2-C7-烷基氨基羰基、N-C2-C7-环烷基氨基羰基、C2-C4-烷氧羰基、芳基、杂芳基或N-杂芳基;
如果基团A2和A3都不代表氮,则R3和R4与它们所连接的碳原子一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的五元环或六元环,或者
如果基团A1和A2都不代表氮,则R2和R3与它们所连接的碳原子一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子的五元环或六元环;
T代表(T-6),
其中,
Z1代表氢、卤素、氰基、硝基、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、N,N-二-(C1-C6)-烷基氨基、-C(=W)NR11R10、-C(=W)OR12、-S(O)2NR13R14、-S(O)nR15、-S(O)(=NR16)R17或任选取代的苯基或吡啶基;
Z2代表C1-C6-卤代烷基;
Z5代表氢、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、N,N-二-(C1-C6)-烷基氨基、-C(=W)NR11R10、-C(=W)OR12、-S(O)2NR13R14、-S(O)nR15、-S(O)(=NR16)R17或任选取代的苯基或吡啶基;
R10选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基和C2-C7-烷氧羰基;
R11选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基和C2-C7-烷氧羰基、芳基或杂芳基;
R12选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-卤代烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基、芳基或杂芳基;
R13选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基和C2-C7-烷氧羰基、芳基或杂芳基;
R14选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基;
R15选自任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、芳基或杂芳基;
R16选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、氰基或硝基;
R17选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基、芳基或杂芳基;
n可以取值0、1或2;
Y代表CN或CH2NH2。
优选化合物(III),其中,
R1代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C7-环烷基、C1-C6-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷氧羰基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基、杂芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基;
化学基团
A1代表CR2,
A2代表CR3,
A3代表CR4,且
A4代表CR5,
但是,其中化学基团A1至A4中不多于3个同时代表氮;
R2、R3和R5相互独立地代表氢、氟、氯、溴、CN、NO2、甲基、乙基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、1-甲基乙氧基、氟代甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、氯代二氟甲氧基、二氯氟代甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙氧基、五氟乙氧基、甲基磺酰基、甲基亚磺酰基、三氟甲基磺酰基、三氟甲基亚磺酰基和N-环丙氨基羰基;
R4代表氢、氟、氯、溴、CN、NO2、甲基、乙基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、1-甲基乙氧基、氟代甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、氯代二氟甲氧基、二氯氟代甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙氧基、五氟乙氧基、甲基磺酰基、甲基亚磺酰基、三氟甲基磺酰基、三氟甲基亚磺酰基、N-环丙氨基羰基和N-三唑基;
R3和R4与它们所连接的碳一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的六元环;或者
R2和R3与它们所连接的碳一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的六元环;
T代表(T-6),
其中,
Z1代表氢、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基或任选取代的基团C1-C4-烷基、C1-C4-烯基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C4-烷硫基、C1-C4-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4-烷基磺酰基,
Z2代表C1-C4-卤代烷基,
Z5代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C4-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C3-C4-环烷基或C1-C3-烷氧基;
n可以取值0、1或2;
Y代表CN或CH2NH2。
特别优选的是化合物(III),其中,
R1代表氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、2-丁炔、异丁基、仲丁基、甲氧甲基、乙氧甲基、甲基羰基、乙基羰基、烯丙基、炔丙基、异丙基羰基、甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、异丙氧羰基、氰甲基、2-氰乙基;
化学基团
A1代表CR2,
A2代表CR3,
A3代表CR4,且
A4代表CR5,
但是,其中化学基团A1-A4中不多于3个同时代表氮;
R2代表氢或氯,
R3、R4和R5相互独立地代表氢、氟、氯、溴、甲基或乙基,
T代表(T-6),
其中,
Z1代表三氟甲基或五氟乙基,且
Z2代表三氟甲基;
Z5代表甲基或乙基,
Y代表CN或CH2NH2。
本发明的“烷基”本身或作为化学基团的一部分代表优选具有1至6个碳原子的直链或支链烃,例如,甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、戊基、1-甲基丁基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、1,2-二甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丙基、2,2-二甲基丙基、1-乙基丙基、己基、1-甲基戊基、2-甲基戊基、3-甲基戊基、4-甲基戊基、1,2-二甲基丙基、1,3-二甲基丁基、1,4-二甲基丁基、2,3-二甲基丁基、1,1-二甲基丁基、2,2-二甲基丁基、3,3-二甲基丁基、1,1,2-三甲基丙基、1,2,2-三甲基丙基、1-乙基丁基和2-乙基丁基。优选的是具有1至4个碳原子的烷基,尤其例如,甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、仲丁基或叔丁基。本发明的烷基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“烯基”本身或作为化学基团的一部分代表优选具有2-6个碳原子和至少一个双键的直链或支链烃,例如,乙烯基、2-丙烯基、2-丁烯基、3-丁烯基、1-甲基-2-丙烯基、2-甲基-2-丙烯基、2-戊烯基、3-戊烯基、4-戊烯基、1-甲基-2-丁烯基、2-甲基-2-丁烯基、3-甲基-2-丁烯基、1-甲基-3-丁烯基、2-甲基-3-丁烯基、3-甲基-3-丁烯基、1,1-二甲基-2-丙烯基、1,2-二甲基-2-丙烯基、1-乙基-2-丙烯基、2-己烯基、3-己烯基、4-己烯基、5-己烯基、1-甲基-2-戊烯基、2-甲基-2-戊烯基、3-甲基-2-戊烯基、4-甲基-2-戊烯基、3-甲基-3-戊烯基、4-甲基-3-戊烯基、1-甲基-4-戊烯基、2-甲基-4-戊烯基、3-甲基-4-戊烯基、4-甲基-4-戊烯基、1,1-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,1-二甲基-3-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-2-丁烯基、1,2-二甲基-3-丁烯基、1,3-二甲基-2-丁烯基、2,2-二甲基-3-丁烯基、2,3-二甲基-2-丁烯基、2,3-二甲基-3-丁烯基、1-乙基-2-丁烯基、1-乙基-3-丁烯基、2-乙基-2-丁烯基、2-乙基-3-丁烯基、1,1,2-三甲基-2-丙烯基、1-乙基-1-甲基-2-丙烯基和1-乙基-2-甲基-2-丙烯基。且优选的是具有2-4个碳原子的烯基,尤其例如2-丙烯基、2-丁烯基或1-甲基-2-丙烯基。本发明的烯基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“炔基”本身或作为化学基团的一部分代表优选具有2-6个碳原子和至少一个三键的直链或支链烃,例如2-丙炔基、2-丁炔基、3-丁炔基、1-甲基-2-丙炔基、2-戊炔基、3-戊炔基、4-戊炔基、1-甲基-3-丁炔基、2-甲基-3-丁炔基、1-甲基-2-丁炔基、1,1-二甲基-2-丙炔基、1-乙基-2-丙炔基、2-己炔基、3-己炔基、4-己炔基、5-己炔基、1-甲基-2-戊炔基、1-甲基-3-戊炔基、1-甲基-4-戊炔基、2-甲基-3-戊炔基、2-甲基-4-戊炔基、3-甲基-4-戊炔基、4-甲基-2-戊炔基、1,1-二甲基-3-丁炔基、1,2-二甲基-3-丁炔基、2,2-二甲基-3-丁炔基、1-乙基-3-丁炔基、2-乙基-3-丁炔基、1-乙基-1-甲基-2-丙炔基和2,5-己二炔基。且优选的是具有2-4个碳原子的炔基,尤其例如乙炔基、2-丙炔基或2-丁炔基-2-丙烯基。本发明的炔基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“环烷基”本身或作为化学基团的一部分代表优选具有3-10个碳的单环烃、双环烃或三环烃,例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基、环己基、环庚基、环辛基、双环[2.2.1]庚基、双环[2.2.2]辛基或金刚烷基。且优选的是具有3、4、5、6或7个碳原子的环烷基,尤其例如环丙基或环丁基。本发明的环烷基被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“烷基环烷基”代表优选具有4-10或4-7个碳原子的单环、双环或三环的烷基环烷基,例如乙基环丙基、异丙基环丁基、3-甲基环戊基和4-甲基环己基。且优选的是具有4、5或7个碳原子的烷基环烷基,尤其例如乙基环丙基或4-甲基环己基。本发明的烷基环烷基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“环烷基烷基”代表优选具有4-10或4-7个碳原子的单环、双环或三环的环烷基烷基,例如环丙基甲基、环丁基甲基、环戊基甲基、环己基甲基和环戊基乙基。且优选的是具有4、5或7个碳原子的环烷基烷基,尤其例如环丙基甲基或环丁基甲基。本发明的环烷基烷基可以被被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“卤素”代表氟、氯、溴或碘,特别是氟、氯或溴。
本发明的卤素取代的化学基团,例如卤代烷基、卤代环烷基、卤代烷氧基、卤代烷硫基、卤代烷基亚磺酰基或卤代烷基磺酰基是被卤素单取代或多取代的,直至最大可能数目的取代基。在被卤素多取代的情况中,卤原子可以是相同或不同的,且可以全部连接至一个碳原子或多个碳原子。这里,卤素具体代表氟、氯、溴或碘,优选氟、氯或溴,且特别优选氟。
本发明的“卤代环烷基”代表优选具有3-10个碳原子的单环、双环或三环卤代环烷基,尤其例如1-氟环丙基、2-氟环丙基或1-氟环丁基。且优选的是具有3、5或7个碳原子的卤代环烷基。本发明的卤代环烷基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“卤代烷基”、“卤代烯基”或“卤代炔基”代表具有优选1-9个相同或不同的卤原子的卤素原子取代的烷基、烯基或炔基,例如,单卤代烷基如CH2CH2Cl、CH2CH2F、CHClCH3、CHFCH3、CH2Cl、CH2F;全卤代烷基如CCl3或CF3或CF2CF3;多卤代烷基如CHF2、CH2F、CH2CHFCl、CHCl2、CF2CF2H、CH2CF3。这相应地适用于卤代烯基和其他卤素取代的基团。卤代烷氧基是例如OCF3、OCHF2、OCH2F、OCF2CF3、OCH2CF3和OCH2CH2Cl。
卤代烷基的其他实例有三氯甲基、氯二氟甲基、二氯氟甲基、氯甲基、溴甲基、1-氟乙基、2-氟乙基、2,2-二氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、2,2,2-三氯乙基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙基、五氟乙基和五氟叔丁基。优选的是具有1-4个碳原子和1-9个优选1-5个选自氟、氯和溴的相同或不同卤原子的卤代烷基。特别优选的是具有1或2个碳原子和1-5个选自氟和氯的相同或不同卤原子的卤代烷基,尤其例如,二氟甲基、三氟甲基或2,2-二氟乙基。
本发明的“羟烷基”代表优选具有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链醇,例如甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、仲丁醇和叔丁醇。优选的是具有1至4个碳原子的羟烷基。本发明的羟烷基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“烷氧基”代表优选具有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链O-烷基,例如甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、异丙氧基、正丁氧基、异丁氧基、仲丁氧基和叔丁氧基。优选的是具有1至4个碳原子的烷氧基。本发明的烷氧基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“卤代烷氧基”代表优选具有1-6个碳原子的卤素取代的直链或支链O-烷基,尤其例如二氟甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、2,2-二氟乙氧基、1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基和2-氯-1,1,2-三氟乙氧基。优选的是具有1至4个碳原子的卤代烷氧基。本发明的卤代烷氧基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“烷硫基”代表优选具有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链S-烷基,例如甲硫基、乙硫基、正丙硫基、异丙硫基、正丁硫基、异丁硫基、仲丁硫基和叔丁硫基。优选的是具有1至4个碳原子的烷硫基。本发明的烷硫基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
卤代烷硫基烷基即卤素取代的烷硫基的实例尤其是二氟甲硫基、三氟甲硫基、三氯甲硫基、氯二氟甲硫基、1-氟乙硫基、2-氟乙硫基、2,2-二氟乙硫基、1,1,2,2-四氟乙硫基、2,2,2-三氟乙硫基或2-氯-1,1,2-三氟乙硫基。
本发明的“烷基亚磺酰基”代表优选具有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基亚磺酰基,例如,甲基亚磺酰基、乙基亚磺酰基、正丙基亚磺酰基、异丙基亚磺酰基、正丁基亚磺酰基、异丁基亚磺酰基、仲丁基亚磺酰基和叔丁基亚磺酰基。且优选的是具有1-4个碳原子的烷基亚磺酰基。本发明的烷基亚磺酰基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
卤代烷基亚磺酰基即卤素取代的烷基亚磺酰基的实例尤其是二氟甲基亚磺酰基、三氟甲基亚磺酰基、三氯甲基亚磺酰基、氯二氟甲基亚磺酰基、1-氟乙基亚磺酰基、2-氟乙基亚磺酰基、2,2-二氟乙基亚磺酰基、1,1,2,2-四氟乙基亚磺酰基、2,2,2-三氟乙基亚磺酰基和2-氯-1,1,2-三氟乙基亚磺酰基。
本发明的“烷基磺酰基”代表优选具有1-6个碳原子的直链或支链烷基磺酰基,例如,甲基磺酰基、乙基磺酰基、正丙基磺酰基、异丙基磺酰基、正丁基磺酰基、异丁基磺酰基、仲丁基磺酰基和叔丁基磺酰基。且优选的是具有1-4个碳原子的烷基磺酰基。本发明的烷基磺酰基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
卤代烷基磺酰基即卤素取代的烷基磺酰基的实例尤其是二氟甲基磺酰基、三氟甲基磺酰基、三氯甲基磺酰基、氯二氟甲基磺酰基、1-氟乙基磺酰基、2-氟乙基磺酰基,2,2-二氟乙基磺酰基、1,1,2,2-四氟乙基磺酰基、2,2,2-三氟乙基磺酰基和2-氯-1,1,2-三氟乙基磺酰基。
本发明的“烷基羰基”代表优选具有2-7个碳原子的直链或直链烷基-C(=O),例如甲基羰基、乙基羰基、正丙基羰基、异丙基羰基、仲丁基羰基和叔丁基羰基。且优选的是具有1-4个碳原子的烷基羰基。本发明的烷基羰基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“环烷基羰基”代表在环烷基部分优选具有3-10个碳原子的直链或直链环烷基羰基,例如环丙基羰基、环丁基羰基、环戊基羰基、环己基羰基、环庚基羰基、环辛基羰基、双环[2.2.1]庚基、双环[2.2.2]辛基羰基和金刚烷基羰基。且优选的是在环烷基部分具有3、5或7个碳原子的环烷基羰基。本发明的环烷基羰基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“烷氧羰基”单独或作为化学基团的组成部分代表在烷氧基部分中优选具有1-6个碳原子或具有1-4个碳原子的直链或支链烷氧羰基,例如,甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、正丙氧羰基、异丙氧羰基、仲丁氧羰基和叔丁氧羰基。本发明的烷氧羰基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“烷基氨基羰基”代表在烷基部分优选具有1-6个碳原子或1-4个碳原子的直链或支链烷基氨基羰基,例如甲基氨基羰基、乙基氨基羰基、正丙基氨基羰基、异丙基氨基羰基、仲丁基氨基羰基和叔丁基氨基羰基。本发明的烷基氨基羰基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“N,N-二烷基氨基羰基”代表在烷基部分优选具有1-6个碳原子或1-4个碳原子的直链或支链N,N-二烷基氨基羰基,例如N,N-二甲基氨基羰基、N,N-二乙基氨基羰基、N,N-二(正丙基氨基)羰基、N,N-二(异丙基氨基)羰基和N,N-二-(仲丁基氨基)羰基。本发明的N,N-二烷基氨基羰基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
本发明的“芳基”代表优选具有6-14个、特别是6-10个环碳原子的单环、双环或多环芳香体系,例如苯基、萘基、蒽基、菲基,优选苯基。此外,芳基也代表多环体系,如四氢萘基、茚基、二氢茚基、芴基、联苯基,其中键合点在芳香体系上。本发明的芳基可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
取代的芳基的实例是烷基和/或芳基部分中同样可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代的芳基烷基。这类芳烷基的实例尤其是苄基和1-苯乙基。
本发明的“杂环(heterocycle)”、“杂环(heterocyclic ring)”或“杂环环系(heterocyclic ring system)”代表具有至少一个环的碳环环系,所述环中至少一个碳原子被杂原子取代,优选被选自N、O、S、P、B、Si、Se的杂原子取代,所述碳环环系是饱和的、不饱和的或杂芳族的,且可以是未取代的或被取代基Z取代,其中连接点位于环原子上。除非有不同定义,杂环优选含有3-9个环原子,特别是3-6个环原子,一个或多个,优选1至4个,特别是1、2或3个优选选自N、O和S的杂原子在杂环中,但是两个氧原子不应直接相邻。杂环通常含有不超过4个氮原子和/或不超过2个氧原子和/或不超过2个硫原子。如果杂环基或杂环是任选取代的,则其可以与其它碳环或杂环稠合。在任选取代的杂环基的情况中,本发明还包括多环体系,例如,8-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷基或1-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚基。在任选取代的杂环基的情况中,本发明还包括螺环体系,例如,1-氧杂-5-氮杂螺[2.3]己基。
本发明的杂环基有例如哌啶基、哌嗪基、吗啉基、硫代吗啉基、二氢吡喃基、四氢吡喃基、二噁烷基、吡咯啉基、吡咯烷基、咪唑啉基、咪唑烷基、噻唑烷基、噁唑烷基、二氧戊环基、二噁茂基(dioxolyl)、吡唑烷基、四氢呋喃基、二氢呋喃基、氧杂环丁烷基、环氧乙烷基、吖丁啶基、氮丙啶基、氧氮杂环丁基、氧氮杂环丙基、氧氮杂环庚基、氧氮杂环己基、氮杂环庚基、氧代吡咯烷基、二氧代吡咯烷基、氧代吗啉基、氧代哌嗪基和氧杂环庚基。
亚杂芳基(即杂芳族体系)具有特定含义。根据本发明,术语“杂芳基”代表杂芳族化合物,即落在杂环的以上定义内的完全未饱和的芳族杂环化合物。优选的是具有1-3个、优选1或2个相同或不同的来自上述组的杂原子的5-元至7-元环。本发明的杂芳基为例如,呋喃基、噻吩基、吡唑基、咪唑基、1,2,3-三唑基和1,2,4-三唑基、异噁唑基、噻唑基、异噻唑基、1,2,3-噁二唑基,1,3,4-噁二唑基,1,2,4-噁二唑基和1,2,5-噁二唑基、氮杂环庚三烯基(azepinyl)、吡咯基、吡啶基、哒嗪基、嘧啶基、吡嗪基、1,3,5-三嗪基、1,2,4-三嗪基和1,2,3-三嗪基、1,2,4-噁嗪基、1,3,2-噁嗪基、1,3,6-噁嗪基和1,2,6-噁嗪基、氧杂环庚三烯基(oxepinyl)、硫杂环庚三烯基(thiepinyl)、1,2,4-三唑酮基和1,2,4-二氮杂环庚三烯基。本发明的杂芳基也可以被一个或多个相同或不同的基团取代。
取代的基团,例如取代的烷基、烯基、炔基、环烷基、芳基、苯基、苄基、杂环基和杂芳基为例如,衍生自未取代的基础结构的被取代的基团,其中所述取代基为例如,一个或多个、优选1、2或3个选自以下的基团:卤素、烷氧基、烷硫基、羟基、氨基、硝基、羧基或等价于羧基的基团、氰基、异氰基、叠氮基、烷氧羰基、烷基羰基、甲酰基、氨甲酰基、单-和N,N-二烷基氨基羰基,取代的氨基例如酰基氨基、单-和N,N-二烷基氨基,三烷基甲硅烷基和任选取代的环烷基、任选取代的芳基、任选取代的杂环基(其中后面的环基团中的每个也可以通过杂原子或二价官能团键合,如在提及的烷基中),以及烷基亚磺酰基(包括烷基磺酰基的两种对映异构体),烷基磺酰基、烷基氧膦基、烷基膦酰基,以及在环基团(=“环状骨架”)的情况下的烷基、卤代烷基、烧硫基烷基、烷氧基烷基、任选取代的单-和N,N-二烷基氨基烷基和羟基烷基。
术语“取代的基团”例如取代的烷基等,除了包括提及的含饱和烃的基团之外,还包括作为取代基的相应的不饱和的脂族和芳族基团,例如任选取代的烯基、炔基、烯氧基、炔氧基、烯硫基、炔硫基、烯氧基羰基、炔氧基羰基、烯基羰基、炔基羰基、单-和N,N-二烯基氨基羰基、单-和二炔基氨基羰基、单-和N,N-二烯基氨基、单-和N,N-二炔基氨基、三烯基甲硅烷基、三炔基甲硅烷基、任选取代的环烯基、任选取代的环炔基、苯基、苯氧基等。在被取代的在环中具有脂族组分的环基团的情况下,还包括具有那些通过双键与环键合的取代基的环体系,例如具有亚烷基(如亚甲基或亚乙基)或氧代基团、亚氨基或取代的亚氨基的那些。
如果两个或多个基团形成一个或多个环,那么这些环可以是碳环的、杂环的、饱和的、部分饱和的、不饱和的,例如还是芳族和进一步取代的。
以例举的方式提及的取代基(“第一取代基级别”)如果包含含烃的部分,则它们可以任选在该含烃部分被进一步取代(“第二取代基级别”),例如被针对第一取代基级别所定义的取代基之一取代。相应的其他取代基级别是可以的。术语“被取代的基团”优选包括仅有一个或两个取代基级别。
取代基级别的优选取代基是例如,
氨基、羟基、卤素、硝基、氰基、异氰基、巯基、异硫氰酰(isothiocyanato)、羧基、羧酰胺、SF5、氨基磺酰基、烷基、环烷基、烯基、环烯基、炔基、N-单烷基氨基、N,N-二烷基氨基、N-烷酰基氨基(N-alkanoylamino)、烷氧基、烯氧基、炔氧基、环烷氧基、环烯氧基、烷氧羰基、烯氧基羰基、炔氧基羰基、芳氧基羰基、烷酰基(alkanoyl)、烯基羰基、炔基羰基、芳基羰基、烷硫基、环烷硫基、烯硫基、环烯硫基、炔硫基、烷基硫酰基(sulfenyl)和烷基亚磺酰基(包括烷基亚磺酰基的两种对映异构体)、烷基磺酰基、N-单烷基氨基磺酰基、N,N-二烷基氨基磺酰基、烷基氧膦基、烷基膦酰基(在烷基氧膦基和烷基膦酰基的情况中,包括两种对映异构体)、N-烷基氨基羰基、N,N-二烷基氨基羰基、N-烷酰基氨基羰基、N-烷酰基-N-烷基氨基羰基、芳基、芳氧基、苄基、苄氧基、苄硫基、芳硫基、芳基氨基、苄基氨基、杂环基和三烷基甲硅烷基。
由多个取代基级别构成的取代基优选为烷氧基烷基、烷硫基烷基、烷硫基烷氧基、烷氧基烷氧基、苯乙基、苄氧基、卤代烷基、卤代环烷基、卤代烷氧基、卤代烷硫基、卤代烷基亚磺酰基、卤代烷基磺酰基、卤代烷酰基、卤代烷基羰基、卤代烷氧基羰基、卤代烷氧基烷氧基、卤代烷氧基烷硫基、卤代烷氧基烷酰基、卤代烷氧基烷基。
在具有碳原子的基团的情况下,优选含1至6个碳原子、优选1至4个碳原子、特别是含1个或2个碳原子的那些。通常优选来自以下组的取代基:卤素,如氟和氯;(C1-C4)-烷基,优选甲基或乙基;(C1-C4)-卤代烷基,优选三氟甲基;(C1-C4)-烷氧基,优选甲氧基或乙氧基;(C1-C4)-卤代烷氧基;硝基和氰基。本文特别优选的是取代基甲基、甲氧基、氟和氯。
取代的氨基如单取代或二取代的氨基是指选自经取代的氨基的基团,该基团是N-取代的,例如被来自下列的一个或两个相同或不同的基团所取代:烷基、羟基、氨基、烷氧基、酰基和芳基;优选N-单-和N,N-二烷基氨基(例如甲基氨基、乙基氨基、N,N-二甲基氨基、N,N-二乙基氨基、N,N-二正丙基氨基、N,N-二异丙基氨基或N,N-二丁基氨基)、N-单-或N,N-二烷氧基烷基氨基(例如N-甲氧基甲基氨基、N-甲氧基乙基氨基、N,N-二(甲氧基甲基)氨基或N,N-二(甲氧基乙基)氨基)、N-单-和N,N--二芳基氨基,如任选取代的苯胺、酰基氨基、N,N-二酰基氨基、N-烷基-N-芳基氨基、N-烷基-N-酰基氨基以及饱和的N-杂环;本文中,优选具有1至4个碳原子的烷基;本文中,芳基优选是苯基或取代的苯基;对于酰基,适用下文给出的定义,优选(C1-C4)-烷酰基。这同样适用于取代的羟基氨基或肼基。
本发明的术语“环状氨基”包括具有1个或多个氮原子的杂芳环或脂肪环体系。杂环是饱和或不饱和的,由1个或多个任选稠合的环体系组成并且任选包含其它的杂原子,例如1或2个氮、氧和/或硫原子。此外,该术语还包括具有螺环或桥环体系的基团。构成环状氨基的原子的数目没有限制,例如在单环体系的情况下该基团可由3至8个环原子组成,在双环体系的情况下可由7至11个原子组成。
可以提及的具有含1个氮原子作为杂原子的饱和和不饱和的单环基团的环状氨基的实例为:1-氮杂环丁基、吡咯烷基、2-吡咯烷-1-基、1-吡咯基、哌啶基、1,4-二氢吡嗪-1-基、1,2,5,6-四氢吡嗪-1-基、1,4-二氢吡啶-1-基、1,2,5,6-四氢吡啶-1-基、高哌啶基;可提及的具有含2个或更多个氮原子作为杂原子的饱和和不饱和的单环基团的环状氨基的实例为:1-咪唑烷基、1-咪唑基、1-吡唑基、1-三唑基、1-四唑基、1-哌嗪基、1-高哌嗪基、1,2-二氢哌嗪-1-基、1,2-二氢嘧啶-1-基、全氢嘧啶-1-基、1,4-二氮杂环庚烷-1-基;具有含1个或2个氧原子和1-3个氮原子作为杂原子的饱和和不饱和的单环基团的环状氨基的例子为:例如,噁唑烷-3-基、2,3-二氢异噁唑-2-基、异噁唑-2-基、1,2,3-噁二嗪-2-基、吗啉代;可提及的具有含1-3个氮原子和1-2个硫原子作为杂原子的饱和和不饱和的单环基团的环状氨基的实例为:噻唑烷-3-基、异噻唑啉-2-基、硫代吗啉代或二氧代硫代吗啉代;可提及的具有饱和和不饱和的稠环基团的环状氨基的例子为:引哚-1-基、1,2-二氢苯并咪唑-1-基、全氢吡咯并[l,2-a]吡嗪-2-基;可提及的具有螺环基团的环状氨基的实例为2-氮杂螺[4,5]癸烷-2-基;可提及的具有桥接杂环基团的环状氨基的是实例为2-氮杂双环[2.2.1]庚烷-7-基。
取代的氨基还包括在氮原子上具有4个有机取代基的季铵化合物(盐)。
任选取代的苯基优选为未取代的苯基或者被来自下组的相同或不同的基团单取代或多取代、优选最多三取代的苯基:卤素、(C1-C4)-烷基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基-(C1-C4)-烷氧基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基-(C1-C4)-烷基、(C1-C4)-卤代烷基、(C1-C4)-卤代烷氧基、(C1-C4)-烷硫基、(C1-C4)-卤代烷硫基、氰基、异氰基和硝基,例如邻、间和对甲苯基、二甲基苯基、2-、3-和4-氯苯基、2-、3-和4-氟苯基、2-、3-和4-三氟甲基-和–三氯甲基苯基、2,4-、3,5-、2,5-和2,3-二氯苯基、邻、间和对甲氧基苯基。
任选取代的环烷基优选为未取代的环烷基或者被来自下组的相同或不同的基团单取代或多取代、优选最多三取代的环烷基:卤素、氰基、(C1-C4)-烷基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基-(C1-C4)-烷氧基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基-(C1-C4)-烷基、(C1-C4)-卤代烷基和(C1-C4)-卤代烷氧基,特别是被1个或2个(C1-C4)-烷基取代。
任选取代的杂环基优选为未取代的杂环基或者被来自下组的相同或不同的基团单取代或多取代、优选最多三取代的杂环基:卤素、氰基、(C1-C4)-烷基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基-(C1-C4)-烷氧基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基-(C1-C4)-烷基、(C1-C4)-卤代烷基、(C1-C4)-卤代烷氧基、硝基和氧基,特别是被来自下组的基团单取代或多取代:卤素、(C1-C4)-烷基、(C1-C4)-烷氧基、(C1-C4)-卤代烷基和氧基,最优选被1个或2个(C1-C4)-烷基取代。
烷基取代的杂芳基的实例为:呋喃基甲基、噻吩基甲基、吡唑基甲基、咪唑基甲基、1,2,3-和1,2,4-三唑基甲基、异噁唑基甲基、噻唑基甲基、异噻唑基甲基、1,2,3-、1,3,4-、1,2,4-和1,2,5-噁二唑基甲基、氮杂环庚三烯基甲基、吡咯基甲基、吡啶基甲基、哒嗪基甲基、嘧啶基甲基、吡嗪基甲基、1,3,5-、1,2,4-和1,2,3-三嗪基甲基、1,2,4-,1,3,2-,1,3,6-和1,2,6-噁嗪基甲基、氧杂环庚三烯基甲基、硫杂环庚三烯基甲基和1,2,4-二氮杂环庚三烯基甲基。
本发明中适合本发明的化合物的盐,例如与碱形成的盐或酸加成盐,均为常规的无毒盐,优选农业上和/或生理学上可接受的盐。例如与碱形成的盐或酸加成盐。优选的是,与无机碱形成的盐,例如碱金属盐(例如钠盐、钾盐或铯盐),碱土金属盐(例如钙盐或镁盐),铵盐或与有机碱形成的盐,特别是与有机胺形成的盐,例如三乙基铵、二环己基铵、N,N’-二苄基亚乙基二铵、吡啶盐(pyridinium)、甲基吡啶盐或乙醇铵盐,与无机酸形成的盐(例如盐酸盐、氢溴酸盐、硫酸二氢盐、硫酸三氢盐或磷酸盐),与有机羧酸或有机磺酸形成的盐(例如甲酸盐、乙酸盐、三氟乙酸盐、马来酸盐、酒石酸盐、甲磺酸盐、苯磺酸盐或4-甲苯磺酸盐)。已知的是,叔胺如本发明的一些化合物,能够形成N-氧化物,这同样代表本发明的盐。
取决于取代基的性质,本发明的化合物可以以几何和/或光学活性异构体或者不同组成的相应异构体混合物的形式存在。这些立体异构体为,例如对映异构体、非对映异构体、阻转异构体或几何异构体。因此,本发明包括纯的立体异构体,以及这些异构体的任意混合物。
在适当情况下,本发明的化合物可以以多种多晶型形式或者作为不同的多晶型形式的混合物存在。本发明提供了纯多晶型物以及多晶型物混合物,并且均可根据本发明来使用。
通式(I)的化合物可以与其它杀昆虫用、杀线虫用、杀螨用或抗微生物的活性化合物混合或者联合施用。在这些混合物或联合施用中,会发生协同效应,即观察到的这些混合物或联合施用的效果高于各个活性化合物在这些施用中的效果的总和。这样的混合或组合搭配(partner)的实例是:
(1)乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)抑制剂,例如氨基甲酸酯,如棉铃威(alanycarb)(II-1-1)、涕灭威(aldicarb)(II-1-2)、噁虫威(bendiocarb)(II-1-3)、丙硫克百威(benfuracarb)(II-1-4)、丁酮威(butocarboxim)(II-1-5)、丁酮砜威(butoxycarboxim)(II-1-6)、西维因(carbaryl)(II-1-7)、克百威(carbofuran)(II-1-8)、丁硫克百威(carbosulfan)(II-1-9)、杀虫丹(ethiofencarb)(II-1-10)、仲丁威(fenobucarb)(II-1-11)、伐虫脒(formetanate)(II-1-12)、呋线威(furathiocarb)(II-1-13)、叶蝉散(isoprocarb)(II-1-14)、灭虫威(methiocarb)(II-1-14)、灭多威(methomyl)(II-1-16)、速灭威(metolcarb)(II-1-17)、杀线威(oxamyl)(II-1-18)、抗蚜威(pirimicarb)(II-1-19)、残杀威(propoxur)(II-1-20)、硫双威(thiodicarb)(II-1-21)、久效威(thiofanox)(II-1-22)、唑蚜威(triazamate)(II-1-23)、三甲威(trimethacarb)(II-1-24)、灭除威(XMC)(II-1-25)和灭杀威(xylylcarb)(II-1-26);或
有机磷类,例如乙酰甲胺磷(acephate)(II-1-27)、甲基吡啶磷(azamethiphos)(II-1-28)、乙基谷硫磷(azinphos-ethyl)(II-1-29)、甲基谷硫磷(azinphos-methyl)(II-1-30)、硫线磷(cadusafos)(II-1-31)、氯氧磷(chlorethoxyfos)(II-1-32)、杀螟威(chlorfenvinphos)(II-1-33)、氯甲磷(chlormephos)(II-1-34)、毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos)(II-1-35)、甲基毒死蜱(chlorpyrifos-methyl)(II-1-36)、蝇毒磷(coumaphos)(II-1-37)、杀螟腈(cynophos)(II-1-38)、内吸磷(demeton)-S-甲基(II-1-39)、二嗪农(diazinon)(II-1-40)、敌敌畏(dichlorvos)/DDVP(II-1-41)、百治磷(dicrotophos)(II-1-42)、乐果(dimethoate)(II-1-43)、甲基毒虫畏(dimethylvinphos)(II-1-44)、乙拌磷(disulfoton)(II-1-45)、苯硫磷(EPN)(II-1-46)、乙硫磷(ethion)(II-1-47)、灭线磷(ethoprophos)(II-1-48)、伐灭磷(famphur)(II-1-49)、苯线磷(fenamiphos)(II-1-50)、杀螟松(fenitrothion)(II-1-51)、倍硫磷(fenthion)(II-1-52)、噻唑磷(fosthiazate)(II-1-53)、庚烯磷(heptenophos)(II-1-54)、咪氰磷(imicyafos)(II-1-55)、异柳磷(isofenphos)(II-1-56)、O-(甲氧基氨基硫代磷酰基)水杨酸异丙酯(II-1-57)、异噁唑磷(isoxathion)(II-1-58)、马拉硫磷(malathion)(II-1-59)、灭蚜磷(mecarbam)(II-1-60)、甲胺磷(methamidophos)(II-1-61)、杀扑磷(methidathion)(II-1-62)、速灭磷(mevinphos)(II-1-63)、久效磷(monocrotophos)(II-1-64)、二溴磷(naled)(II-1-65)、氧化乐果(omethoate)(II-1-66)、砜吸磷(oxydemeton-methyl)(II-1-67)、对硫磷(parathion)(II-1-68)、甲基对硫磷(parathion-methyl)(II-1-69)、稻丰散(phenthoate)(II-1-70)、甲拌磷(phorate)(II-1-71)、伏杀磷(phosalone)(II-1-72)、亚胺硫磷(phosmet)(II-1-73)、磷胺(phosphamidon)(II-1-74)、辛硫磷(phoxim)(II-1-75)、甲基虫螨磷(pirimiphos-methyl)(II-1-76)、丙溴磷(profenofos)(II-1-77)、烯虫磷(propetamphos)(II-1-78)、丙硫磷(prothiofos)(II-1-79)、吡唑硫磷(pyraclofos)(II-1-80)、哒嗪硫磷(pyridaphenthion)(II-1-81)、喹硫磷(quinalphos)(II-1-82)、治螟磷(sulfotep)(II-1-83)、丁基嘧啶磷(tebupirimfos)(II-1-84)、双硫磷(temephos)(II-1-85)、特丁磷(terbufos)(II-1-86)、杀虫畏(tetrachlorvinphos)(II-1-87)、甲基乙拌磷(thiometon)(II-1-88)、三唑磷(triazophos)(II-1-89)、敌百虫(triclorfon)(II-1-90)和蚜灭多(vamidothion)(II-1-91)。
(2)GABA-门控性氯离子通道拮抗剂,例如,
环戊二烯有机氯,如氯丹(chlordane)(II-2-1)、硫丹(endosulfan)(II-2-2);或
苯基吡唑类(芬普尼,fiproles),例如乙虫腈(ethiprole)(II-2-3)、氟虫腈(fipronil)(II-2-4)。
(3)钠通道调节剂/电压依赖性钠通道阻断剂,例如,
拟除虫菊酯类,如氟丙菊酯(acrinathrin)(II-3-1)、丙烯菊酯(allethrin)(II-3-2)、d-顺-反丙烯菊酯(d-cis-trans allethrin)(II-3-3)、d-反丙烯菊酯(d-trans allethrin)(II-3-4)、联苯菊酯(bifenthrin)(II-3-5)、生物烯丙菊酯(bioallethrin)(II-3-6)、生物烯丙菊酯(bioallethrin)S-环戊烯异构体(II-3-7)、除虫菊酯(bioresmethrin)(II-3-8)、乙氰菊酯(cycloprothrin)(II-3-9)、氟氯氰菊酯(cyfluthrin)(II-3-10)、β-氟氯氰菊酯(II-3-11)、氯氟氰菊酯(cyhalothrin)(II-3-12)、λ-氯氟氰菊酯(II-3-13)、γ-氯氟氰菊酯(II-3-14)、氯氰菊酯(cypermethrin)(II-3-15)、α-氯氰菊酯(II-3-16)、β-氯氰菊酯(II-3-17)、θ-氯氰菊酯(II-3-18)、ζ-氯氰菊酯(II-3-19)、赛酚宁(cyphenothrin)[(1R)-反式异构体](II-3-20)、溴氰菊酯(deltamethrin)(II-3-21)、烯炔菊酯(empenthrin)[(EZ)-(1R)异构体](II-3-22)、氰戊菊酯(esfenvalerate)(II-3-23)、醚菊酯(etofenprox)(II-3-24)、甲氰菊酯(fenpropathrin)(II-3-25)、氰戊菊酯(fenvalerate)(II-3-26)、氟氰戊菊酯(flucythrinate)(II-3-27)、氟氯苯菊酯(flumethrin)(II-3-28)、τ-氟胺氰菊酯(tau-fluvalinate)(II-3-29)、苄螨醚(halfenprox)(II-3-30)、炔咪菊酯(imiprothrin)(II-3-31)、噻嗯菊酯(kadethrin)(II-3-32)、氯菊酯(permethrin)(II-3-33)、苯醚菊酯(phenothrin)[(1R)-反式异构体](II-3-34)、炔丙菊脂(prallethrin)(II-3-35)、除虫菊素(pyrethrin)(除虫菊(pyrethrum))(II-3-36)、灭虫菊(resmethrin)(II-3-37)、氟硅菊酯(silafluofen)(II-3-38)、七氟菊酯(tefluthrin)(II-3-39)、胺菊酯(tetramethrin)(II-3-40)、胺菊酯[(1R)-异构体)](II-3-41)、四溴菊酯(tralomethrin)(II-3-42)和四氟苯菊酯(transfluthrin)(II-3-43);或
滴滴涕(DDT)(II-3-44);或甲氧氯(methoxychlor)(II-3-45)。
(4)烟碱能乙酰胆碱受体(nAChR)激动剂,例如,
氯代烟碱类(chloronicotinyls),如啶虫脒(acetamiprid)(II-4-1)、噻虫胺(clothianidin)(II-4-2)、呋虫胺(dinotefuran)(II-4-3)、吡虫啉(imidacloprid)(II-4-4)、烯啶虫胺(nitenpyram)(II-4-5)、噻虫啉(thiacloprid)(II-4-6)、噻虫嗪(thiamethoxam)(II-4-7);或
尼古丁(II-4-8)。
(5)烟碱能乙酰胆碱受体(nAChR)变构活化剂,例如,
多杀霉素(spinosyns),如乙基多杀霉素(spinetoram)(II-5-1)和多杀菌素(spinosad)(II-5-2)。
(6)氯离子通道激活剂,例如,
阿维菌素类/米尔贝霉素类,如阿维菌素(abamectin)(II-6-1)、甲维盐(emamectin benzoate)(II-6-2)、杀螨菌素杀虫剂(lepimectin)(II-6-3)和密灭汀(milbemectin)(II-6-4)。
(7)保幼激素模拟剂,例如,
保幼激素类似物,例如烯虫乙酯(hydroprene)(II-7-1)、丙诺保幼素(kinoprene)(II-7-2)和甲氧普林(methoprene)(II-7-3);或
苯氧威(fenoxycarb)(II-7-4);或吡丙醚(pyriproxyfen)(II-7-5)。
(8)具有未知或非特异性的作用机制的活性化合物,例如,
烷基卤类,例如甲基溴(II-8-1)和其它烷基卤;或者
氯化苦(chloropicrin)(II-8-2);或硫酰氟(II-8-3);或硼砂(II-8-4);或吐酒石(tartar emetic)(II-8-5)。
(9)选择性的拒食剂,例如吡蚜酮(pymetrozine)(II-9-1);或氟啶虫酰胺(flonicamid)(II-9-2)。
(10)螨生长抑制剂,例如四螨嗪(clofentezine)(IIII-10-1)、噻螨酮(hexythiazox)(II-10-2)和氟螨嗪(diflovidazin)(II-10-3);或
乙螨唑(etoxazole)(II-10-4)。
(11)昆虫肠膜的微生物干扰剂,例如苏云金芽孢杆菌以色列亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis)(II-11-1)、球形芽孢杆菌(Bacillus sphaericus)(II-11-2)、苏云金芽孢杆菌鲇泽亚种(Bacillusthuringiensis subspecies aizawai)(II-11-3)、苏云金芽孢杆菌库斯塔克亚种亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies kurstaki)(II-11-4)、苏云金芽孢杆菌拟步甲亚种(Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies tenebrionis)(II-11-5)和BT植物蛋白:Cry1Ab、Cry1Ac、Cry1Fa、Cry2Ab、mCry3A、Cry3Ab、Cry3Bb、Cry34/35Ab1(II-11-6)。
(12)氧化磷酸化抑制剂、ATP干扰剂,例如,杀螨隆(diafenthiuron)(II-12-1);或者
有机锡化合物,例如三唑锡(azocyclotin)(II-12-2)、三环锡(cyhexatin)(II-12-3)和苯丁锡(fenbutatin oxide)(II-12-4);或者
克螨特(propargite)(II-12-5);或四氯杀螨砜(tetradifon)(II-12-6)。
(13)通过阻断H质子梯度起作用的氧化磷酸化解联剂,例如,虫螨腈(chlorfenapyr)(II-13-1)、DNOC(II-13-2)和氟虫胺(sulfIuramid)(II-13-3)。
(14)烟碱能乙酰胆碱受体拮抗剂,例如,杀虫磺(bensultap)(II-14-1)、盐酸杀螟丹(cartap hydrochloride)(II-14-2)、杀虫环(thiocyclam)(II-14-3)和杀虫双(thiosultap-sodium)(II-14-4)。
(15)甲壳质生物合成抑制剂0型,例如,双三氟虫脲(bistrifluron)(II-15-1)、定虫隆(chlorfluazuron)(II-15-2)、除虫服(diflubenzuron)(II-15-3)、氟环服(flucyc1xuron)(II-15-4)、氟虫服(fIufenoxuron)(II-15-5)、氟铃服(hexafIumuron)(II-15-6)、风螨脲(Iufenuron)(II-15-7)、氟酰脲(novaluron)(II-15-8)、多氟脲(novifIumuron)(II-15-9)、氟苯脲(teflubenzuron)(II-15-10)和杀铃服(trifIumuron)(II-15-11)。
(16)甲壳质生物合成抑制剂1型,例如,噻嗪酮(buprofezin)(II-16-1)。
(17)双翅类脱皮干扰剂,例如,灭蝇胺(cyromazine)(II-17-1)。
(18)脱皮激素受体激动剂,例如,环虫酰肼(chromafenozide)(II-18-1)、氯虫酰肼(halofenozide)(II-18-2)、甲氧虫酰肼(methoxyfenozide)(II-18-3)和虫酰肼(tebufenozide)(II-18-4)。
(19)章鱼胺能激动剂,例如,双甲脒(amitraz)(II-19-1)。
(20)复合物-III电子传递抑制剂,例如,氟蚁腙(hydramethylnone)(II-20-1);或灭螨醌(acequinocyl)(II-20-2);或嘧螨酯(fluacrypyrim)(II-20-3)。
(21)复合物-I电子传递抑制剂,例如
METI杀螨剂,例如喹螨醚(fenazaquin)(II-21-1)、唑螨酯(fenpyroximate)(II-21-2)、嘧螨醚(pyrimidifen)(II-21-3)、哒螨灵(pyridaben)(II-21-4)、吡螨胺(tebufenpyrad)(II-21-5)和唑虫酸胺(tolfenpyrad)(II-21-6);或者
鱼藤酮(rotenone)(鱼藤酮(Derris))(II-21-7)。
(22)电压依赖性的钠通道阻断剂,例如茚虫威(indoxacarb)(II-22-1);或氰氟虫腙(metafIumizone)(II-22-2)。
(23)乙酰辅酶A羧化酶的抑制剂,例如,
特窗酸和特特拉姆酸衍生物,例如螺螨酯(spirodiclofen)(II-23-1)、螺甲螨酯(spiromesifen)(II-23-2)和螺虫乙酯(spirotetramat)(II-23-3)。
(24)复合物-IV电子传递抑制剂,例如,
膦类,例如磷化铝(II-24-1)、磷化钙(II-24-2)、膦(II-24-3)和磷化锌(II-24-4);或者
氰化物(II-24-5)。
(25)复合物-II电子传递抑制剂,例如腈吡螨酯(cyenopyrafen)(II-25-1)。
(28)兰尼碱受体效应物,例如,
二酰胺,例如氯虫酰胺(chlorantraniliprole)(II-28-1)和氟虫双酰胺(flubendiamide)(II-28-2)。
具有未知作用机理的其它活性化合物,例如,磺胺螨酯(amidofIumet)(II-29-1)、印楝素(azadirachtin)(II-29-2)、异噻虫唑(benclothiaz)(II-29-3)、苯螨特(benzoximate)(II-29-4)、联苯肼酯(bifenazate)(II-29-5)、溴螨酯(bromopropylate)(11-29-6)、灭螨猛(chinomethionat)(II-29-7)、冰晶石(cryolite)(II-29-8)、氰虫酰胺(cyantraniliprole)(氰虫酰胺(Cyazypyr))(II-29-9)、丁氟螨酯(cyfIumetofen)(II-29-10)、三氯杀螨醇(dicofol)(II-29-11)、氟螨嗪(diflovidazin)(II-29-12)、氟噻虫砜(fluensulfone)(II-29-13)、嘧虫胺(flufenerim)(II-29-14)、丁烯氟虫腈(fIufiprole)(II-29-15)、氟吡菌酰胺(fIuopyram)(II-29-16)、呋喃虫酰肼(fufenozide)(II-29-17)、氯噻啉(imidaclothiz)(II-29-18)、异菌脲(iprodione)(II-29-19)、啶虫丙醚(pyridalyl)(II-29-20)、氟虫吡喹(pyrifluquinazon)(II-29-21)和碘甲烷(iodomethane)(II-29-22);此外,基于坚硬芽胞杆菌的制剂(1-1582,BioNeem,Votivo)(II-29-23)以及下述已知的活性物质:
3-溴-N-{2-溴-4-氯-6-[(1-环丙基乙基)氨甲酰基]苯基}-1-(3-氯代吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(II-29-24)(已知于WO2005/077934)、4-{[(6-溴吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(II-29-25)(已知于WO2007/115644)、4-{[(6-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](2,2-二氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(II-29-26)(已知于WO2007/115644)、4-{[(2-氯-1,3-噻唑-5-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(II-29-27)(已知于WO2007/115644)、4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(II-29-28)(已知于WO2007/115644)、4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2,2-二氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(II-29-29)(已知于WO2007/115644)、4-{[(6-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(II-29-30)(已知于WO2007/115643)、4-{[(5,6-二氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](2-氟乙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(II-29-31)(已知于WO2007/115646)、4-{[(6-氯-5-氟吡啶-3-基)甲基](环丙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(II-29-32)(已知于WO2007/115643)、4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](环丙基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(II-29-33)(已知于EP-A-0539588),4-{[(6-氯吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)氨基}呋喃-2(5H)-酮(II-29-34)(已知于EP-A-0539588)、{[1-(6-氯代吡啶-3-基)乙基](甲基)氧代-λ4-硫亚烷基(sulphanylidene)}氰胺(II-29-35)(已知于WO2007/149134)及其费对应异构体{[(1R)-1-(6-氯代吡啶-3-基)乙基](甲基)氧代-λ4-硫亚烷基}氰胺(A)(II-29-36)和{[(1S)-1-(6-氯代吡啶-3-基)乙基](甲基)氧代-λ4-硫亚烷基}氰胺(B)(II-29-37)(同样已知于WO2007/149134)和砜虫啶(II-29-38)(也已知于WO2007/149134)及其非对应异构体[(R)-甲基(氧代){(1R)-1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-λ4-硫亚烷基]氰胺(A1)(II-29-39)和[(S)-甲基(氧代){(1S)-1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-λ4-硫亚烷基]氰胺(A2)(II-29-40)(指定为非对映异构体组Α)(已知于WO2010/074747,WO2010/074751)、[(R)-甲基(氧代){(1S)-1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-λ4-硫亚烷基]氰胺(B1)(II-29-41)和[(S)-甲基(氧代){(1R)-1-[6-(三氟甲基)吡啶-3-基]乙基}-λ4-硫亚烷基]氰胺(B2)(II-29-42)(指定为非对映异构体组B)(同样已知于WO2010/074747、WO2010/074751)和11-(4-氯-2,6-二甲基苯基)-12-羟基-1,4-二氧杂-9-氮杂二螺[4.2.4.2]十四-11-烯-10-酮(II-29-43)(已知于WO2006/089633)、3-(4'-氟-2,4-二甲基联苯-3-基)-4-羟基-8-氧杂-1-氮杂螺[4.5]癸-3-烯-2-酮(II-29-44)(已知于WO2008/067911)、1-{2-氟-4-甲基-5-[(2,2,2-三氟乙基)亚磺酰基]苯基}-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-1,2,4-三唑-5-胺(II-29-45)(已知于WO2006/043635)、环丙烷甲酸[(3S,4aR,12R,12aS,12bS)-3-[(环丙基羰基)氧基]-6,12-二羟基-4,12b-二甲基-11-氧代-9-(吡啶-3-基)-1,3,4,4a,5,6,6a,12,12a,12b-十氢-2H,11H-苯并[f]吡喃并[4,3-b]色烯-4-基]甲酯(II-29-46)(已知于WO2008/066153)、2-氰基-3-(二氟甲氧基)-N,N-二甲基苯磺酰胺(II-29-47)(已知于WO2006/056433)、2-氰基-3-(二氟甲氧基)-N-甲基苯磺酰胺(II-29-48)(已知于WO2006/100288)、2-氰基-3-(二氟甲氧基)-N-乙基苯磺酰胺(II-29-49)(已知于WO2005/035486)、4-(二氟甲氧基)-N-乙基-N-甲基-1,2-苯并噻唑-3-胺1,1-二氧化物(II-29-50)(已知于WO2007/057407)、N-[1-(2,3-二甲基苯基)-2-(3,5-二甲基苯基)乙基]-4,5-二氢-1,3-噻唑-2-胺(II-29-51)(已知于WO2008/104503)、{1'-[(2E)-3-(4-氯苯基)丙-2-烯-1-基]-5-氟螺[吲哚-3,4'-哌啶]-1(2H)-基}(2-氯吡啶-4-基)甲酮(II-29-52)(已知于WO2003/106457)、3-(2,5-二甲基苯基)-4-羟基-8-甲氧基-1,8-二氮杂螺[4.5]癸-3-烯-2-酮(II-29-53)(已知于WO2009/049851)、碳酸3-(2,5-二甲基苯基)-8-甲氧基-2-氧代-1,8-二氮杂螺[4.5]癸-3-烯-4-基乙基酯(II-29-54)(已知于WO2009/049851)、4-(丁-2-炔-1-基氧基)-6-(3,5-二甲基哌啶-1-基)-5-氟嘧啶(II-29-55)(已知于WO2004/099160)、(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊基)(3,3,3-三氟丙基)丙二腈(II-29-56)(已知于WO2005/063094)、(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-八氟戊基)(3,3,4,4,4-五氟丁基)丙二腈(II-29-57)(已知于WO2005/063094)、8-[2-(环丙基甲氧基)-4-(三氟甲基)苯氧基]-3-[6-(三氟甲基)哒嗪-3-基]-3-氮杂双环[3.2.1]辛烷(II-29-58)(已知于WO2007/040280)、甲基碳酸2-乙基-7-甲氧基-3-甲基-6-[(2,2,3,3-四氟-2,3-二氢-1,4-苯并二氧杂环己烯-6-基)氧基]喹啉-4-基酯(II-29-59)(已知于JP2008/110953)、乙酸2-乙基-7-甲氧基-3-甲基-6-[(2,2,3,3-四氟-2,3-二氢-1,4-苯并二氧杂环己烯-6-基)氧基]喹啉-4-基酯(II-29-60)(已知于JP2008/110953)、PF1364(CAS登记号1204776-60-2)(II-29-61)(已知于JP2010/018586)、5-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-(三氟甲基)-4,5-二氢-1,2-噁唑-3-基]-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)苄腈(II-29-62)(已知于WO2007/075459)、5-[5-(2-氯代吡啶-4-基)-5-(三氟甲基)-4,5-二氢-1,2-噁唑-3-基]-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)苄腈(II-29-63)(已知于WO2007/075459)、4-[5-(3,5-二氯苯基)-5-(三氟甲基)-4,5-二氢-1,2-噁唑-3-基]-2-甲基-N-{2-氧代-2-[(2,2,2-三氟乙基)氨基]乙基}苯甲酰胺(II-29-64)(已知于WO2005/085216)、4-{[(6-氯代吡啶-3-基)甲基](环丙基)氨基}-1,3-噁唑-2(5H)-酮(II-29-65)、4-{[(6-氯代吡啶-3-基)甲基](2,2-二氟乙基)氨基}-1,3-噁唑-2(5H)-酮(II-29-66)、4-{[(6-氯代吡啶-3-基)甲基](乙基)氨基}-1,3-噁唑-2(5H)-酮(II-29-67)、4-{[(6-氯代吡啶-3-基)甲基](甲基)氨基}-1,3-噁唑-2(5H)-酮(II-29-68)(均已知于WO2010/005692)、NNI-0711(II-29-69)(已知于WO2002/096882)、1-乙酰基-N-[4-(1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟-2-甲氧基丙烷-2-基)-3-异丁基苯基]-N-异丁酰基-3,5-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺(II-29-70)(已知于WO2002/096882)、甲基2-[2-({[3-溴-1-(3-氯代吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)-5-氯-3-甲基苯甲酰基]-2-甲基肼甲酸甲酯(II-29-71)(已知于WO2005/085216)、甲基2-[2-({[3-溴-1-(3-氯代吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)-5-氰基-3-甲基苯甲酰基]-2-乙基肼甲酸甲酯(II-29-72)(已知于WO2005/085216)、甲基2-[2-({[3-溴-1-(3-氯代吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)-5-氰基-3-甲基苯甲酰基]-2-甲基肼甲酸甲酯(II-29-73)(已知于WO2005/085216)、甲基2-[3,5-二溴-2-({[3-溴-1-(3-氯代吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苯甲酰基]-1,2-二乙基肼甲酸甲酯(II-29-74)(已知于WO2005/085216)、甲基2-[3,5-二溴-2-({[3-溴-1-(3-氯代吡啶-2-基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苯甲酰基]-2-乙基肼甲酸甲酯(II-29-75)(已知于WO2005/085216)、(5RS,7RS;5RS,7SR)-1-(6-氯-3-吡啶基甲基)-1,2,3,5,6,7-六氢-7-甲基-8-硝基-5-丙氧基咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶(II-29-76)(已知于WO2007/101369)、2-{6-[2-(5-氟吡啶-3-基)-1,3-噻唑-5-基]吡啶-2-基}嘧啶(II-29-77)(已知于WO2010/006713)、2-{6-[2-(吡啶-3-基)-1,3-噻唑-5-基]吡啶-2-基}嘧啶(II-29-78)(已知于WO2010/006713)、1-(3-氯代吡啶-2-基)-N-[4-氰基-2-甲基-6-(甲基氨甲酰基)苯基]-3-{[5-(三氟甲基)-1H-四唑基-1-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(II-29-79)(已知于WO2010/069502)、1-(3-氯代吡啶-2-基)-N-[4-氰基-2-甲基-6-(甲基氨甲酰基)苯基]-3-{[5-(三氟甲基)-2H-四唑基-2-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(II-29-80)(已知于WO2010/069502)、N-[2-(叔丁基氨甲酰基)-4-氰基-6-甲基苯基]-1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-3-{[5-(三氟甲基)-1H-四唑基-1-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(II-29-81)(已知于WO2010/069502)、N-[2-(叔丁基氨甲酰基)-4-氰基-6-甲基苯基]-1-(3-氯吡啶-2-基)-3-{[5-(三氟甲基)-2H-四唑基-2-基]甲基}-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(II-29-82)(已知于WO2010/069502)和(1E)-N-[(6-氯代吡啶-3-基)甲基]-N'-氰基-N-(2,2-二氟乙基)乙脒(II-29-83)(已知于WO2008/009360)。
抗菌活性化合物
(1)麦角甾醇生物合成抑制剂,例如十二吗啉(aldimorph)、阿扎康唑(azaconazole)、联苯三唑醇(bitertanol)、糠菌唑(bromuconazole)、环唑醇(cyproconazole)、苄氯三唑醇(diclobutrazole)、噁醚唑(difenoconazole)、烯唑醇(diniconazole)、烯唑醇(diniconazole)-M、吗菌灵(dodemorph)、吗菌灵乙酸酯(dodemorph acetate)、氟环唑(epoxiconazole)、乙环唑(etaconazole)、氯苯嘧啶醇(fenarimol)、分菌氰唑(fenbuconazole)、环酰菌胺(fenhexamid)、苯锈啶(fenpropidin)、粉锈啉(fenpropimorph)、氟喹唑(fluquinconazole)、呋密醇(flurprimidol)、氟硅唑(flusilazole)、粉唑醇(flutriafol)、呋菌唑(furconazole)、呋醚唑(furconazole-cis)、己唑醇(hexaconazole)、抑霉唑(imazalil)、抑霉唑硫酸盐(imazalil sulfate)、亚胺唑(imibenconazole)、种菌唑(ipconazole)、叶菌唑(metconazole)、腈菌唑(myclobutanil)、萘替芬(naftifine)、氟苯嘧啶醇(nuarimol)、噁咪唑(oxpoconazole)、多效唑(paclobutrazol)、稻瘟酯(pefurazoate)、戊菌唑(penconazole)、粉病灵(piperalin)、咪酰胺(prochloraz)、丙环唑(propiconazole)、丙硫菌唑(prothioconazole)、稗草畏(pyributicarb)、啶斑肟(pyrifenox)、氯苯喹唑(quinconazole)、硅氟唑(simeconazole)、螺环菌胺(spiroxamine)、戊唑醇(tebuconazole)、特比萘芬(terbinafine)、氟醚唑(tetraconazole)、三唑酮(triadimefon)、三唑醇(triadimenol)、十三吗啉(tridemorph)、氟菌唑(triflumizole)、嗪氨灵(triforine)、灭菌唑(triticonazole)、烯效唑(uniconazole)、单克素(uniconazole-p)、烯霜苄唑(viniconazole)、伏立康唑(voriconazole)、1-(4-氯苯基)-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)环庚醇、1-(2,2-二甲基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-1-基)-1H-咪唑-5-甲酸甲酯、N'-{5-(二氟甲基)-2-甲基-4-[3-(三甲基甲硅烷基)丙氧基]苯基}-N-乙基-N-甲基亚氨甲酰胺、N-乙基-N-甲基-N'-{2-甲基-5-(三氟甲基)-4-[3-(三甲基甲硅烷基)丙氧基]苯基}亚氨甲酰胺和O-[1-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)-3,3-二甲基丁-2-基]1H-咪唑-1-硫代甲酸酯。
(2)呼吸作用抑制剂(呼吸链抑制剂),例如联苯吡菌胺(bixafen)、啶酰菌胺(boscalid)、萎锈灵(carboxin)、二氟林(diflumetorim)、甲呋酰胺(fenfuram)、氟吡菌酰胺(fluopyram)、氟酰胺(flutolanil)、氟苯吡菌胺(fluxapyroxad)、福拉比(furametpyr)、拌种胺(furmecyclox)、萘吡菌胺(isopyrazam)(同侧-差向异构外消旋体1RS,4SR,9RS和异侧-差向异构外消旋体1RS,4SR,9SR的混合物)、萘吡菌胺(isopyrazam)(异侧-差向异构外消旋体)、萘吡菌胺(isopyrazam)(异侧-差向异构对映体1R,4S,9S)、萘吡菌胺(isopyrazam)(异侧-差向异构对映体1S,4R,9R)、萘吡菌胺(isopyrazam)(同侧-差向异构外消旋体1RS,4SR,9RS)、萘吡菌胺(isopyrazam)(同侧-差向异构对映体1R,4S,9R)、萘吡菌胺(isopyrazam)(同侧-差向异构对映体1S,4R,9S)、担菌宁(mepronil)、氧化萎锈灵(oxycarboxin)、戊苯吡菌胺(penflufen)、吡噻菌胺(penthiopyrad)、环丙吡菌胺(sedaxane)、噻氟菌胺(thifluzamide)、1-甲基-N-[2-(1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基)苯基]-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-N-[2-(1,1,2,2-四氟乙氧基)苯基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-(二氟甲基)-N-[4-氟-2-(1,1,2,3,3,3-己氟丙氧基)苯基]-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺和N-[1-(2,4-二氯苯基)-1-甲氧基丙-2-基]-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺。
(3)作用于呼吸链的复合物III的呼吸作用抑制剂(呼吸链抑制剂),例如辛唑嘧菌胺(ametoctradin)、唑磺菌胺(amisulbrom)、嘧菌酯(azoxystrobin)、赛座灭(cyazofamid)、醚菌胺(dimoxystrobin)、烯肟菌酯(enestroburin)、噁唑酮菌(famoxadone)、咪唑菌酮(fenamidone)、氟嘧菌酯(fluoxastrobin)、醚菌酯(kresoxim-methyl)、苯氧菌胺(metominostrobin)、醚菌胺(orysastrobin)、啶氧菌酯(picoxystrobin)、百克敏(pyraclostrobin)、唑胺菌酯(pyrametostrobin)、唑菌酯(pyraoxystrobin)、吡菌苯威(pyribencarb)、肟菌酯(trifloxystrobin)、(2E)-2-(2-{[6-(3-氯-2-甲基苯氧基)-5-氟嘧啶-4-基]氧基}苯基)-2-(甲氧基亚氨基)-N-甲基乙酰胺、(2E)-2-(甲氧基亚氨基)-N-甲基-2-(2-{[({(1E)-1-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]亚乙基}氨基)氧基]甲基}苯基)乙酰胺、(2E)-2-(甲氧基亚氨基)-N-甲基-2-{2-[(E)-({1-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]乙氧基}亚氨基)甲基]苯基}乙酰胺、(2E)-2-{2-[({[(1E)-1-(3-{[(E)-1-氟-2-苯基乙烯基]氧基}苯基)亚乙基]氨基}氧基)甲基]苯基}-2-(甲氧基亚氨基)-N-甲基乙酰胺、(2E)-2-{2-[({[(2E,3E)-4-(2,6-二氯苯基)丁-3-烯-2-基亚基]氨基}氧基)甲基]苯基}-2-(甲氧基亚氨基)-N-甲基乙酰胺、2-氯-N-(1,1,3-三甲基-2,3-二氢-1H-茚-4-基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺、5-甲氧基-2-甲基-4-(2-{[({(1E)-1-[3-(三氟甲基)苯基]亚乙基}氨基)氧基]甲基}苯基)-2,4-二氢-3H-1,2,4-三唑-3-酮、(2E)-2-{2-[({环丙基[(4-甲氧基苯基)亚氨基]甲基}硫烷基)甲基]苯基}-3-甲氧基丙-2-烯酸甲酯、N-(3-乙基-3,5,5-三甲基环己基)-3-(甲酰氨基)-2-羟基苯甲酰胺、2-{2-[(2,5-二甲基苯氧基)甲基]苯基}-2-甲氧基-N-甲基乙酰胺和(2R)-2-{2-[(2,5-二甲基苯氧基)甲基]苯基}-2-甲氧基-N-甲基乙酰胺。
(4)有丝分裂和细胞分化抑制剂,例如苯菌灵(benomyl)、多菌灵(carbendazim)、氯苯咪唑(chlorfenazole)、乙霉威(diethofencarb)、噻唑菌胺(ethaboxam)、氟吡菌胺(fluopicolide)、麦穗宁(fuberidazole)、戊菌隆(pencycuron)、噻苯咪唑(thiabendazole)、甲基硫菌灵(thiophanate-methyl)、硫菌灵(thiophanate)、苯酰菌胺(zoxamide)、5-氯-7-(4-甲基哌啶-1-基)-6-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)[1,2,4]三唑[1,5-a]嘧啶和3-氯-5-(6-氯吡啶-3-基)-6-甲基-4-(2,4,6-三氟苯基)哒嗪。
(5)具有多位点活性的化合物,例如波尔多混合物(bordeauxmixture)、敌菌丹(captafol)、克菌丹(captan)、百菌清(chlorothalonil)、铜制剂如氢氧化铜(copper hydroxide)、环烷酸铜(copper naphthenate)、氧化铜(copper oxide)、氧氯化铜(copper oxychloride)、硫酸铜(copper sulfate)、抑菌灵(dichlofluanid)、二噻农(dithianon)、多果定(dodine)、多果定游离碱(dodine free base)、福美铁(ferbam)、N-邻苯二甲酰亚胺(fluorofolpet)、灭菌丹(folpet)、双胍盐(guazatine)、双胍辛乙酸盐(guazatine acetate)、双胍辛胺(iminoctadine)、双胍辛胺苯磺酸盐(iminoctadine albesilate)、双胍辛胺三乙酸盐(iminoctadine triacetate)、代森锰铜(mancopper)、代森锰锌(mancozeb)、代森锰(maneb)、代森联(metiram)、代森联锌(metiram zinc)、喹啉铜(oxine-copper)、普罗帕脒(propamidine)、甲基代森锌(propineb)、硫和硫制剂,例如多硫化钙(calcium polysulphide)、福美双(thiram)、对甲抑菌灵(tolylfluanid)、代森锌(zineb)、福美锌(ziram)。
(6)抗性诱导剂,例如阿拉酸式苯-S-甲基(acibenzolar-S-methyl)、异噻菌胺(isotianil)、噻菌灵(probenazole)和噻酰菌胺(tiadinil)。
(7)氨基酸和蛋白生物合成抑制剂,例如胺扑灭(andoprim)、灭瘟素(blasticidin-S)、嘧菌环胺(cyprodinil)、春日霉素(kasugamycin)、春雷霉素盐酸盐(kasugamycin hydrochloride hydrate)、嘧菌胺(mepanipyrim)和嘧霉胺(pyrimethanil)。
(8)ATP生产抑制剂,例如薯瘟锡(fentinacetate)、三苯锡氯(fentincloroide)、毒菌锡(fentin hydroxide)和硅噻菌胺(silthiofam)。
(9)细胞壁合成抑制剂,例如苯并噻菌威(benthiavalicarb)、烯酰吗啉(dimethomorph)、氟吗啉(flumorph)、缬霉威(iprovalicarb)、双炔酰菌胺(mandipropamid)、多氧霉素(polyoxins)、多抗霉素(polyoxorim)、井冈霉素(validamycin A)和霜霉灭(valifenalate)。
(10)脂质和膜合成抑制剂,例如联二苯、地茂散(chloroneb)、氯硝胺(dicloran)、克瘟散(edifenphos)、依得利(etridiazole)、3-碘代-2-丙炔基丁基氨基甲酸酯(iodocarb)、异稻瘟净(iprobenfos)、稻瘟灵(isoprothiolane)、霜霉威(propamocarb)、盐酸霜霉威(propamocarb hydrochloride)、胺丙威(prothiocarb)、定菌磷(pyrazophos)、五氯硝基苯(quintozene)、四氧硝基苯(tecnazene)和甲基立枯磷(tolclofos-methyl)。
(11)黑色素生物合成抑制剂,例如加普胺(carpropamid)、双氯氰菌胺(diclocymet)、稻瘟酰胺(fenoxanil)、四氯苯酞(phthalide)、乐喹酮(pyroquilon)和三环唑(tricyclazole)。
(12)核酸合成抑制剂,例如苯霜灵(benalaxyl)、精苯霜灵(benalaxyl-M)(kiralaxyl)、布瑞莫(bupirimate)、克来考(clozylacon)、甲菌定(dimethirimol)、乙菌定(ethirimol)、呋霜灵(furalaxyl)、噁霉灵(hymexazol)、甲霜灵(metalaxyl)、精甲霜灵(metalaxyl-M)(mefenoxam)、甲呋酰胺(ofurace)、噁霜灵(oxadixyl)和噁喹酸(oxolinic acid)。
(13)信号转导抑制剂,例如乙菌利(chlozolinate)、拌种咯(fenpiclonil)、咯菌腈(fludioxonil)、异菌脲(iprodione)、腐霉利(procymidone)、喹氧灵(quinoxyfen)和乙烯菌核利(vinclozolin)。
(14)解偶联剂,例如乐杀螨(binapacryl)、阿乐丹(dinocap)、嘧菌腙(ferimzone)、氟啶胺(fluazinam)和消螨多(meptyldinocap)。
(15)其他化合物,例如苯噻硫氰(benthiazole)、3-苯并[b]噻吩-2-基-5,6-二氢-1,4,2-噻嗪4-氧化物(bethoxazin)、卡巴西霉素(capsimycin)、香芹酮(carvone)、灭螨猛(chinomethionat)、chlazafenone、硫杂灵(cufraneb)、环氟菌胺(cyflufenamid)、霜脲氰(cymoxanil)、啶酰菌胺(cyprosulfamide)、棉隆(dazomet)、咪菌威(debacarb)、二氯芬(dichlorophen)、哒菌清(diclomezine)、野燕枯(difenzoquat)、野燕枯甲基硫酸盐(difenzoquatmethylsulphate)、二苯胺(diphenylamine)、艾考同伴(ecomate)、胺苯吡菌酮(fenpyrazamine)、氟酰菌胺(flumetover)、氟里醚(fluoroimide)、磺菌胺(flusulfamide)、氟噻菌净(flutianil)、三乙膦酸铝(fosetyl-aluminium)、三乙膦酸钙(fosetyl-calcium)、三乙膦酸钠(fosetyl-sodium)、六氯苯(hexachlorobenzene)、人间霉素(irumamycin)、磺菌威(methasulfocarb)、异硫氰酸甲酯(methyl isothiocyanate)、苯菌酮(metrafenone)、灭粉霉素(mildiomycin)、游霉素(natamycin)、福美镍(nickeldimethyldithiocarbamate)、酞菌酯(nitrothal-isopropyl)、辛噻酮(octhilinone)、噁霉威(oxamocarb)、氧酚西(oxyfenthiin)、五氯苯酚(pentachlorophenol)及其盐、苯氧司林(phenothrin)、亚磷酸(phosphorous acid)及其盐、霜霉威-三乙磷酸酯(propamocarb-fosetylate)、丙醇菌素钠(propanosine-sodium)、碘喹唑酮(proquinazid)、硝吡咯菌素(pyrrolnitrine)、异丁乙氧喹啉(tebufloquin)、叶枯酞(tecloftalam)、甲磺菌胺(tolnifanide)、咪唑嗪(triazoxide)、酰菌胺(trichlamide)、氰菌胺(zarilamid)、1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-(2,6-二氟苯基)-4,5-二氢-1,2-噁唑-3-基]-1,3-噻唑-2-基}哌啶-1-基)-2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙酮、1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-(2,6-二氟苯基)-4,5-二氢-1,2-噁唑-3-基]-1,3-噻唑-2-基}哌啶-1-基)-2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙酮、1-(4-{4-[5-(2,6-二氟苯基)-4,5-二氢-1,2-噁唑-3-基]-1,3-噻唑-2-基}哌啶-1-基)-2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙酮、1-(4-甲氧基苯氧基)-3,3-二甲基丁-2-基1H-咪唑-1-甲酸酯、2,3,5,6-四氯-4-(甲基磺酰基)吡啶、2,3-二丁基-6-氯噻吩[2,3-d]嘧啶-4(3H)-酮、2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-1-(4-{4-[(5R)-5-苯基-4,5-二氢-1,2-噁唑-3-基]-1,3-噻唑-2-基}哌啶-1-基)乙酮、2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-1-(4-{4-[(5S)-5-苯基-4,5-二氢-1,2-噁唑-3-基]-1,3-噻唑-2-基}哌啶-1-基)乙酮、2-[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]-1-{4-[4-(5-苯基-4,5-二氢-1,2-噁唑-3-基)-1,3-噻唑-2-基]哌啶-1-基}乙酮、2-丁氧-6-碘代-3-丙基-4H-色满-4-酮、2-氯-5-[2-氯-1-(2,6-二氟-4-甲氧基苯基)-4-甲基-1H-咪唑-5-基]吡啶、2-苯基苯酚及其盐、3,4,5-三氯吡啶-2,6-二甲腈、3-[5-(4-氯苯基)-2,3-二甲基-1,2-噁唑烷-3-基]吡啶、3-氯-5-(4-氯苯基)-4-(2,6-二氟苯基)-6-甲基哒嗪、4-(4-氯苯基)-5-(2,6-二氟苯基)-3,6-二甲基哒嗪、5-氨基-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-硫醇、5-氯-N'-苯基-N'-(丙-2-炔-1-基)噻吩-2-磺酰肼、5-甲基-6-辛基[1,2,4]三唑并[1,5-a]嘧啶-7-胺、(2Z)-3-氨基-2-氰基-3-苯基丙-2-烯酸乙酯、N-(4-氯苄基)-3-[3-甲氧基-4-(丙-2-炔-1-基氧基)苯基]丙酰胺、N-[(4-氯苯基)(氰基)甲基]-3-[3-甲氧基-4-(丙-2-炔-1-基氧基)苯基]丙酰胺、N-[(5-溴-3-氯吡啶-2-基)甲基]-2,4-二氯吡啶-3-甲酰胺、N-[1-(5-溴-3-氯吡啶-2-基)乙基]-2,4-二氯吡啶-3-甲酰胺、N-[1-(5-溴-3-氯吡啶-2-基)乙基]-2-氟-4-碘代吡啶-3-甲酰胺、N-{(E)-[(环丙基甲氧基)亚氨基][6-(二氟甲氧基)-2,3-二氟苯基]甲基}-2-苯基乙酰胺、N-{(Z)-[(环丙基甲氧基)亚氨基][6-(二氟甲氧基)-2,3-二氟苯基]甲基}-2-苯基乙酰胺、N-甲基-2-(1-{[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙酰基}哌啶-4-基)-N-(1,2,3,4-四氢化萘-1-基)-1,3-噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-甲基-2-(1-{[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙酰基}哌啶-4-基)-N-[(1R)-1,2,3,4-四氢化萘-1-基]-1,3-噻唑-4-甲酰胺、N-甲基-2-(1-{[5-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-1-基]乙酰基}哌啶-4-基)-N-[(1S)-1,2,3,4-四氢化萘-1-基]-1,3-噻唑-4-甲酰胺、{6-[({[(1-甲基-1H-四唑-5-基)(苯基)亚甲基]氨基}氧)甲基]吡啶-2-基}氨基甲酸戊酯、吩嗪-1-甲酸、8-羟基喹啉和8-羟基喹啉硫酸盐(2:1)。
若类别(1)至(15)中提及的混合组分能够以其官能团为基础,则其可以任选地与适合的碱或酸形成盐。
(16)其他化合物,例如1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-N-[2'-(三氟甲基)二苯基-2-基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4'-氯二苯基-2-基)-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(2',4'-二氯二苯基-2-基)-3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-N-[4'-(三氟甲基)二苯基-2-基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(2',5'-二氟二苯基-2-基)-1-甲基-3-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-(二氟甲基)-1-甲基-N-[4'-(丙-1-炔-1-基)二苯基-2-基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、5-氟-1,3-二甲基-N-[4'-(丙-1-炔-1-基)二苯基-2-基]-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、2-氯-N-[4'-(丙-1-炔-1-基)二苯基-2-基]吡啶-3-甲酰胺、3-(二氟甲基)-N-[4'-(3,3-二甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)二苯基-2-基]-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-[4'-(3,3-二甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)二苯基-2-基]-5-氟-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、3-(二氟甲基)-N-(4'-乙炔基二苯基-2-基)-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、N-(4'-乙炔基二苯基-2-基)-5-氟-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、2-氯-N-(4'-乙炔基二苯基-2-基)吡啶-3-甲酰胺、2-氯-N-[4'-(3,3-二甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)二苯基-2-基]吡啶-3-甲酰胺、4-(二氟甲基)-2-甲基-N-[4'-(三氟甲基)二苯基-2-基]-1,3-噻唑-5-甲酰胺、5-氟-N-[4'-(3-羟基-3-甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)二苯基-2-基]-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、2-氯-N-[4'-(3-羟基-3-甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)二苯基-2-基]吡啶-3-甲酰胺、3-(二氟甲基)-N-[4'-(3-甲氧基-3-甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)二苯基-2-基]-1-甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、5-氟-N-[4'-(3-甲氧基-3-甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)二苯基-2-基]-1,3-二甲基-1H-吡唑-4-甲酰胺、2-氯-N-[4'-(3-甲氧基-3-甲基丁-1-炔-1-基)二苯基-2-基]吡啶-3-甲酰胺、(5-溴-2-甲氧基-4-甲基吡啶-3-基)(2,3,4-三甲氧基-6-甲基苯基)甲酮和N-[2-(4-{[3-(4-氯苯基)丙-2-炔-1-基]氧}-3-甲氧基苯基)乙基]-N2-(甲基磺酰基)缬氨酰胺。
本文以其通用名称描述的活性化合物是已知的,且描述于例如农药手册(“农药手册”,第14版,英国作物保护委员会2006)(“The PesticideManual”,14th Ed.,British Crop Protection Council2006),或可以在互联网上找到(例如http://www.alanwood.net/pesticides)。
若类别(1)至(16)中提及的混合组分能够以其官能团为基础,则其可以任选地与适合的碱或酸形成盐。
最后,已发现,式(I)的新化合物由于具有良好的植物耐受性、有利的恒温动物毒性和良好的环境相容性而特别适于防治农业、林业、储藏品和材料的保护、以及卫生领域或动物健康领域所遇到的动物害虫,特别是节肢动物、昆虫、蛛形纲动物、蠕虫、线虫和软体动物。本发明的化合物可同样用于动物健康领域,例如用于防治体内寄生虫和/或体外寄生虫。
本发明的化合物可以用作防治动物害虫的试剂,优选用作作物保护组合物。它们对普通敏感和抗性物种有效,并且对所有或某些发育阶段有效。
本发明的化合物可以转化成通常已知的制剂。这样的制剂一般含有0.01~98重量%、优选0.5~90重量%的活性化合物。
本发明的化合物可以以它们的商用制剂和以作为与其它活性化合物或增效剂的混合物由这些制剂制得的使用形式而存在。增效剂是会增强活性化合物的作用的化合物,所加入的增效剂本身不必是活性的。
由商购制剂制得的使用形式的活性化合物含量可以在宽的范围内变化。使用形式的活性化合物浓度可以为0.00000001~95重量%、优选0.00001~1重量%的活性化合物。
所述化合物以适于使用形式的常规方式施用。
根据本发明可以处理所有的植物和植物部分。在上下文中的植物应理解为包括所有的植物和植物种群,如希望的和不希望的野生植物或作物植物(包括天然存在的作物植物)。作物植物可以是能够通过常规育种和优化方法或者通过生物技术和基因工程方法或者通过这些方法的组合而获得的植物,包括转基因植物,并且包括可受或不受植物品种保护法保护的植物品种。植物部分应理解为是指植物的所有地上和地下的部分和器官,如芽、叶、花和根,提及的例子有叶、针叶、茎、杆、花、子实体、果实和种子以及根、块茎和根茎。植物部分也包括收获物以及无性和有性繁殖材料,例如插条、块茎、根茎、分株和种子。
根据本发明用活性化合物处理植物和植物部分,是通过常规处理方法例如通过浸渍、喷洒、蒸发、雾化、撒播、刷涂、注射直接进行,或者通过作用于它们的环境、栖息地或者储藏区域来进行,以及此外在繁殖材料、特别是在种子的情况中,还通过施用单个或更多个包衣来进行。
如上面已经提到的,所有的植物和它们的部分均可根据本发明进行处理。在优选实施方案中,处理野生植物品种、植物栽培品种或通过常规生物育种方法(如杂交或原生质体融合)获得的植物品种及其部分。在另一个优选实施方案中,对通过任选地结合常规方法的基因工程方法获得的转基因植物和植物栽培品种(遗传修饰生物)及其部分进行处理。术语“部分”或“植物的部分”或“植物部分”已在上面解释。
更优选的是,根据本发明处理各自商购的或在使用中的植物栽培品种的植物。植物栽培品种应当理解为是指已经通过常规育种、通过诱变或通过重组DNA技术获得的具有新特性(“性状”)的植物。它们可以是栽培品种、生物型和基因型。
在动物健康领域,即在兽医学领域,根据本发明的活性化合物对于动物寄生虫、特别是体外寄生虫或体内寄生虫是起效的。术语“内寄生虫”特别是包括蠕虫,如绦虫类、线虫类或吸虫类,和原生动物,如球虫目。外寄生虫通常是且优选地是节肢动物,尤其是昆虫,如蝇(刺蝇和舔蝇)、寄生蝇幼虫、虱、毛虱、羽虱、蚤等;或蜱类,例如蜱,如硬蜱或软蜱;或螨类,例如痒螨、秋螨、鸟螨等。
还已经发现,本发明的化合物对破坏工业材料的昆虫表现出强杀虫作用。在本文中,工业材料应理解为是指无生命材料,如优选塑料、粘合剂、胶料、纸类和卡纸板、皮革、木料和加工过的木制品和涂料组合物。
此外,本发明的化合物可单独或与其它活性化合物组合用作防污组合物。
所述活性化合物也适用于在家用领域、卫生领域和储藏产品保护中防治动物害虫,特别是处于封闭空间如寓所、工厂大厅、办公室、车辆舱室等中的昆虫、蛛形纲动物和螨类。它们可以单独或与其它活性化合物和助剂组合用在家用杀虫剂产品中以防治这些害虫。它们对于敏感的和具有抗性的物种有效且对全部发育阶段有效。
植物理解为是指所有植物物种、植物栽培品种和植物种群,如希望的和不希望的野生植物或作物植物。本发明的待处理的作物植物是天然存在的植物,或者通过常规育种和优化方法或者通过生物技术和基因工程方法或者通过上述方法的组合获得的那些。术语作物植物当然也包括转基因植物。
植物栽培品种应理解为是指已经通过常规育种、通过诱变或通过重组DNA技术或其组合得到的具有新特性(性状)的植物。它们可以是栽培品种、变种(Rassen)、生物型或基因型。
植物部分应理解为是指植物的所有地上和地下的部分和器官,诸如芽、叶、花和根,特别是叶、针叶、茎、杆、花、子实体、果实、种子、根、块茎和根茎。术语植物部分还包括收获物以及无性和有性繁殖材料,例如插条、块茎、根茎、分株以及种子或种子材料。
在本发明的一个优选实施方案中,处理天然存在的物种和植物栽培品种或者通过常规育种和优化方法(例如杂交或原生质体融合)获得的植物品种及其部分。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,处理通过基因工程方法(任选与常规方法组合)获得的转基因植物及其部分。
本发明的处理方法优选用于遗传修饰的生物体,如植物或植物部分。
遗传修饰的植物(所谓的转基因植物)是其中异源基因已经稳定整合到基因组中的植物。
表述“异源基因”基本上是指这样一种基因,其在植物外提供或装配,并在引入细胞核基因组、叶绿体基因组或线粒体基因组中时可以通过表达目的蛋白或多肽或者通过下调或关闭植物中存在的一种或多种其它基因(例如使用反义技术、共抑制技术或RNA干扰[RNAi-技术])赋予所转化的植物新的或改善的农学或其它特性。位于基因组中的异源基因同样被称为转基因。由其在植物基因组中特定位置定义的转基因称为转化-或转基因株系。
根据植物物种或植物栽培品种、其种植地点和生长条件(土壤、气候、植物生长期、营养),本发明的处理还可产生超加和性(“协同”)效应。因此,可取得如下超过实际预期的效果:例如可降低根据本发明可使用的活性化合物和组合物的施用率和/或拓宽其活性谱和/或提高其活性,改善植物生长、提高对高温或低温的耐受性、提高对干旱或对水或土壤含盐量的耐受性、提高开花品质、使采收更简易、加速成熟、提高采收产率、使果实更大、株高更高、叶色更绿、开花更早、提高采收产品的品质和/或提高其营养价值、提高果实内的糖浓度、改善采收产品的贮存稳定性和/或可加工性能。
以某些施用率,本发明的活性化合物组合还可对植物具有强化作用。因此,它们还适于调动植物的防御系统来抵抗不希望的植物病原性真菌和/或微生物和/或病毒的侵袭。这可能是本发明的组合例如对真菌的活性提高的原因之一。在本申请上下文中,植物加强(抗性诱导)物质应理解为是指这样的物质或物质组合:其能够刺激植物的防御系统,使得当随后感染不希望的植物病原性真菌和/或微生物和/或病毒时,经处理的植物显示出对这些不希望的植物病原性真菌和/或微生物和/或病毒的相当大的抵抗度。在该情况下,不希望的植物病原性真菌和/或微生物和/或病毒应理解为是指植物病原性真菌、细菌和病毒。因此,本发明的物质可用于保护植物,使其在经过处理后的一段时间内能抵抗上述病原体的侵袭。产生保护作用的时间段通常为在用活性化合物处理植物之后的1至10天,优选1至7天。
进一步更优选根据本发明处理的植物对一种或多种生物胁迫因素具有抗性,即所述植物展示出对动物和微生物害虫更好的防御,如对线虫、昆虫、螨、植物病原性真菌、细菌、病毒和/或类病毒。
除了上述的植物和植物栽培品种以外,根据本发明还可以处理对一种或多种非生物胁迫因素具有抗性的植物和植物栽培品种。
非生物胁迫情况可包括例如干旱、冷热暴露、渗透胁迫、涝、增加的土壤盐渍度、增加的矿物质暴露、臭氧暴露、强光暴露、氮营养成分的有限利用率、磷营养成分的有限利用率或蔽阴。
还可根据本发明处理的植物和植物栽培品种是特征为提高的产量特性的那些植物。这些植物中提高的产量可以归因于,例如,改进的植物生理、改进的植物生长和发育(如水利用效率、水保持效率)、改进的氮利用、增强的碳同化作用、改进的光合作用、提高的发芽力和加快的成熟。此外,产量会受改进的植物结构(在胁迫-及非胁迫条件下)的影响,包括提早开花、对生产杂交种子的开花控制、秧苗活力、植物大小、节间数和距离、根系生长、种子大小、果实大小、荚果大小、荚果数或穗数、每个荚果或穗的种子数、种子质量、提高的种子饱满度、减少的种子传播、降低的荚果开裂和抗倒伏性。其它产量特征包括种子组成,例如碳水化合物含量、蛋白含量、油含量和油组成、营养价值、对营养不利的化合物的减少、改进的可加工性和更好的储存稳定性。
可根据本发明处理的植物是已表达出混种盛势或杂种优势的特征的杂交植物,所述特征通常会导致更高的产量、更高的活力、更好的健康度和更好的对生物及非生物胁迫的抗性。这样的植物通常由一种自交雄性不育亲系(母本)与另一种自交雄性能育亲系(父本)杂交得到。杂种种子通常从雄性不育植株中采收并售给栽培者。雄性不育植株有时(例如玉米中)可通过去雄,即机械去除雄性繁殖器官(或雄花)制得,但是,更通常地,雄性不育是由植物基因组中的遗传决定因子导致。这种情况下,尤其是当希望从杂交植物采收的产品是种子时,通常有利的是,确保杂交植物(其含有负责雄性不育的遗传决定子)的雄性能育性完全恢复。这可以通过确保父本具有合适的能够恢复杂交植物中雄性能育性的育性恢复基因而实现,所述杂交植物包含造成雄性不育的遗传决定子。雄性不育的遗传决定子可位于细胞质中。细胞质雄性不育(CMS)的例子在例如芸苔属中进行了描述。但是,雄性不育遗传决定子也可位于核基因组中。雄性不育植株也可通过植物生物技术法例如基因工程而获得。一种获得雄性不育植株的特别有用的方法描述于WO89/10396中,其中例如核糖核酸酶(例如芽孢杆菌RNA酶(Barnase))在雄蕊的绒毡层细胞中选择性地表达。然后,可通过在毯毡层细胞中表达核糖核酸酶抑制剂如芽孢杆菌RNA酶抑制剂(Barstar)来恢复能育性。
可根据本发明处理的植物或植物栽培品种(通过植物生物技术如基因工程得到的)为除草剂耐受性植物,即耐受一种或多种给定的除草剂的植物。所述植物也可通过遗传转化或通过选择含有赋予所述除草剂耐受性的突变的植物而获得。
除草剂耐受性植物有例如草甘膦耐受性植物,即耐受除草剂草甘膦或其盐的植物。例如,草甘膦耐受性植物可通过用编码5-烯醇丙酮酰莽草酸-3-磷酸合酶(5-Enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphatsynthase)(EPSPS)的基因转化植物而获得。所述EPSPS基因的实例为鼠伤寒沙门菌(Salmonella typhimurium)的AroA基因(突变体CT7)、细菌农杆菌属(Agrobacterium sp.)的CP4基因、编码矮牵牛EPSPS(Petunia EPSPS)、番茄EPSPS、或牛筋草EPSPS(Eleusine EPSPS)的基因。也可以是突变的EPSPS。草甘膦耐受性植物还可以通过表达编码草甘膦氧化还原酶的基因获得。草甘膦耐受性植物还可以通过表达编码草甘膦乙酰转移酶的基因获得。草甘膦耐受性植物还可以通过选择含上述基因的天然存在的突变的植物获得。
其它除草剂抗性的植物是例如能耐受抑制谷氨酰胺合酶的除草剂(例如双丙氨膦、草胺膦(Phosphinothricin)或草铵膦(Glufosinate)的植物。所述植物可以通过表达解除除草剂的毒性的酶或者耐受抑制作用的谷氨酰胺合成酶突变体来得到。一种有效的解毒酶是例如编码草胺膦乙酰基转移酶的酶(例如来自链霉菌属的bar或pat蛋白)。已描述过表达外源草胺膦乙酰转移酶的植物。
其它除草剂耐受性植物还是已经致使耐受抑制羟基苯基丙酮酸双加氧酶(HPPD)的除草剂的植物。羟基苯基丙酮酸双加氧酶为催化对其中羟基苯基丙酮酸酯(HPP)转化成尿黑酸的反应的酶。耐受HPPD抑制剂的植物可以用编码天然存在的抗HPPD酶的基因或编码突变的HPPD酶的基因进行转化。通过用编码某些能形成尿黑酸的酶的基因转化植物,也可以得到对HPPD抑制剂的耐受性,尽管HPPD抑制剂抑制天然的HPPD酶。除了编码耐受HPPD的酶的基因之外,也可以通过用编码预苯酸脱氢酶的基因转化植物而改善植物对HPPD抑制剂的耐受性。
其它除草剂耐受性植物是对乙酰乳酸合酶(ALS)抑制剂具有耐受性的植物。已知的ALS抑制剂包括,例如,磺酰脲、咪唑啉酮、三唑嘧啶、嘧啶基氧基(硫代)苯甲酸酯和/或磺酰基氨基羰基三唑啉酮除草剂。已知ALS酶(也称为乙酰羟酸合酶,AHAS)中的不同突变能提供对不同除草剂和除草剂群组的耐受性。在国际公开WO 1996/033270中描述了磺酰脲耐受性植物和咪唑啉酮耐受性植物的产生。还已在例如WO 2007/024782中描述了其它磺酰脲和咪唑啉酮耐受性的植物。
通过诱变在除草剂存在下在细胞培养中筛选或者通过突变育种,可以获得耐受咪唑啉酮和/或磺酰脲的其它植物。
也可根据本发明处理的植物或植物栽培品种(通过植物生物技术方法如基因工程得到)是具有昆虫抗性的转基因植物,即对某些目标昆虫的侵害具有抗性的植物。这类植物可通过遗传转化或通过筛选含有赋予这种抗虫性的突变的植物来获得。
文中使用的“抗虫转基因植物”包括含有至少一个包含编码序列的转基因的任何植物,所述编码序列编码:
1)苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)的杀虫晶体蛋白或其杀虫部分,如在http://www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/Home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/处在线列出的杀虫晶体蛋白,或其杀虫部分,例如Cry蛋白类CrylAb、CrylAc、CrylF、Cry2Ab、Cry3Ae或Cry3Bb的蛋白或其杀虫部分;或者
2)苏云金芽孢杆菌的晶体蛋白或其部分,所述蛋白或部分在苏云金芽孢杆菌的第二种另外的晶体蛋白或其部分的存在下起杀虫作用,所述另外的晶体蛋白或其部分如由晶体蛋白Cry34和Cry35组成的二元毒素;或者
3)含有苏云金芽孢杆菌的两种不同杀虫晶体蛋白的部分的杂合杀虫蛋白,例如上述1)蛋白的杂合体或上述2)蛋白的杂合体,例如,由玉米品系(event)MON98034生产的蛋白CrylA.105(W02007/027777);或者
4)上述1)-3)中任何一项的蛋白,其中一些、特别是1-10个氨基酸被另一氨基酸取代,从而获得对目标昆虫物种更高的杀虫活性,和/或扩展所影响的目标昆虫物种的范围和/或由于在克隆或转化过程中引入编码DNA中的改变,如玉米品系MON863或MON88017中的蛋白Cry3Bbl,或者玉米品系MIR604中的蛋白Cry3A;或者
5)苏云金芽孢杆菌或腊状芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)的杀虫分泌蛋白或其杀虫部分,如列于http://www.lifesci.sussex.ac.uk/Home/Neil_Crickmore/Bt/vip.html的营养期杀虫蛋白(VIP),例如,蛋白类VIP3Aa的蛋白;或者
6)苏云金芽孢杆菌或蜡状芽孢杆菌的分泌蛋白,其在苏云金芽孢杆菌或蜡状芽孢杆菌(B.cereus)的第二种分泌性蛋白的存在下具有杀虫活性,如由蛋白VIPlA和VIP2A组成的二元毒素;或者
7)含有苏云金芽孢杆菌或蜡状芽孢杆菌的不同分泌蛋白的部分的杂合杀虫蛋白,如上述1)蛋白的杂合体或上述2)蛋白的杂合体;或者
8)根据上述1)至3)中任何一项的蛋白,其中一些、特别是1-10个氨基酸被另一氨基酸取代,从而获得对目标昆虫物种更高的杀虫活性,和/或扩展所影响的目标昆虫物种的范围和/或由于在克隆或转化过程中引入编码DNA中的改变(同时仍然编码杀虫蛋白),如棉花品系COT102中的蛋白VIP3Aa。
当然,本文中使用的昆虫抗性的转基因植物,还包括含有编码上述1至8类中任一种蛋白的基因的组合的任何植物。在一个实施方案中,昆虫抗性植物含有多于一种的编码上述1至8类的任一类蛋白的转基因,从而扩展所影响的目标昆虫物种的范围,或者通过使用对同一目标昆虫物种具有杀虫性但具有不同作用模式(例如结合到昆虫不同受体结合位点)的不同蛋白来延迟对植物的抗虫性发展。
还可根据本发明处理的植物或植物栽培品种(通过植物生物技术法如基因工程而获得的)对非生物胁迫具有耐受性。这样的植物可通过遗传转化、或通过筛选含有赋予所述胁迫抗性的突变的植物而获得。特别有用的具有胁迫耐受性的植物包括:
a.含有能够降低植物细胞或植物中多腺苷二磷酸-核糖聚合酶(PARP)的基因的表达和/或活性的转基因的植物;
b.含有能降低植物或植物细胞中PARG编码基因的表达和/或活性的促进胁迫耐受性的转基因的植物;
c.含有促进胁迫耐受性的转基因的植物,所述基因编码烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸补救生物合成途径的植物功能酶,包括烟酰胺酶、烟酸磷酸核糖基转移酶、烟酸单核苷酸腺嘌呤转移酶、烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸合成酶或烟酰胺磷酸核糖基转移酶。
还可根据本发明处理的植物或植物栽培品种(通过植物生物技术法如基因工程获得)显示出采收产品的量、品质和/或贮存稳定性和/或采收产品特定成分性能的改变,例如:
1)合成改性淀粉的转基因植物,该改性淀粉的物理化学性质、特别是直链淀粉含量或直链淀粉/支链淀粉比例、支化度、平均链长、侧链分布、粘性、胶凝强度、淀粉颗粒粒径和/或淀粉颗粒形态,同野生型植物细胞或植物中的合成淀粉相比发生了改变,使得该改性淀粉能更好地适合特定用途。
2)合成非淀粉碳水化合物聚合物的转基因植物,或合成与未进行基因修饰的野生型植物相比具有改变的性能的非淀粉碳水化合物聚合物的转基因植物。实例有:产生多聚果糖、尤其是菊糖和果聚糖类型的植物,产生α-1,4-葡聚糖的植物,产生α-1,6-分支的α-1,4-葡聚糖的植物,和产生交替物(alternan)的植物。
3)产生透明质酸的转基因植物。
也可根据本发明处理的植物或植物栽培品种(通过植物生物技术方法例如基因工程得到)是具有改变的纤维性质的植物,如棉株。这些植物可通过遗传转化,或通过筛选含有赋予这种改变的纤维性质的突变的植物而获得,包括以下植物:
a)植物如棉株,其含有纤维素合成酶基因的变型;
b)植物如棉株,其含有rsw2或rsw3同源核酸的变型;
c)植物如棉株,其具有增加的蔗糖磷酸合酶表达;
d)植物如棉株,其具有增加的蔗糖合酶表达;
e)植物如棉株,其中纤维细胞基部胞间连丝门控的时间安排例如通过纤维选择性的β-1,3-葡聚糖酶的下调而被改变;
f)植物如棉株,其具有通过表达包括nodC的N-乙酰基葡糖胺转移酶基因和几丁质合成酶基因而改变了反应性的纤维。
还可根据本发明处理的植物或植物栽培品种(通过植物生物技术法例如基因工程获得)为具有改变的油组成特征的植物,如油籽油菜或有关的芸苔属植物。这类植物可通过遗传转化或通过筛选含有赋予这种改变的油特性的突变的植物而获得,所述植物包括:
a)产生具有高油酸含量的油的植物,如油籽油菜植物;
b)产生具有低亚麻酸含量的油的植物,如油籽油菜植物;
c)产生具有低饱和脂肪酸含量的油的植物,如油籽油菜植物。
可根据本发明处理的特别有用的转基因植物是具有一种或多种编码一种或多种毒素的基因的植物,并且是以以下商品名销售的转基因植物:YIELD(例如玉米、棉花、大豆)、(例如玉米)、(例如玉米)、(例如玉米)、(例如玉米)、Bollgard(棉花)、(棉花)、Nucotn(棉花)、(例如玉米)、和(马铃薯)。可提及的除草剂耐受性的植物的实例为,以以下商品名提供的玉米品种、棉花品种和大豆品种:Roundup(耐草甘膦,例如玉米、棉花、大豆)、Liberty(耐草胺膦,例如油籽油菜)、(耐咪唑啉酮)和(耐磺酰脲,例如玉米)。可提及的除草剂抗性的植物(以常规方式培育的除草剂耐受性的植物)包括以商品名(例如玉米)提供的品种。
可根据本发明处理的特别有用的转基因植物是包含转化品系(event)或转化品系的组合的植物,并且其列于例如在多个国家或地区管理机构的数据库(参见例如http://gmoinfo.jrc.it/gmp_browse.aspx和http://www.agbios.com/dbase.php)。
根据本发明用活性化合物组合对植物及植物部分的处理,通过例如浸渍、喷射、蒸发、雾化、散布、涂布等常规处理方法直接进行,或通过使化合物作用于其环境、生存空间或贮存空间来进行,且对于繁殖材料,特别是对于种子,还通过施用一层或多层包衣进行。
根据本发明的混合物特别适合用于处理种子。上述作为优选或特别优选提及的本发明的组合,在这里可以作为优选方案提及。因此,大多数由害虫造成的对作物植物的损伤通过在种子贮存期间和在将种子播种在土壤中以后,以及在植物萌芽过程中和之后不久侵害已形成。该阶段是特别关键的,因为生长中的植物的根和芽是特别敏感的,并且微小的损伤已经可以导致整株植物的死亡。因此,通过使用合适的组合物来保护种子和萌芽中的植物具有特别重大的意义。
通过处理植物种子来防治害虫已为人所知很长时间,并且是不断改进的主题。但是,在处理种子时出现了一系列总是不能令人满意地解决的问题。因而,开发用于保护种子和萌芽中的植物的方法是期望的,该方法使得在播种后或在植物发芽后不需要额外施用作物保护组合物。此外所期望的是,如下优化所用活性化合物的量,以尽可能好地保护种子和萌芽中的植物免受害虫侵袭,但所用活性化合物不会伤害植物本身。特别是,处理种子的方法还应考虑转基因植物的固有杀虫特性,以便在消耗最少的作物保护组合物的同时实现对种子和萌芽中的植物的最适保护。
因此,本发明还特别地涉及通过用本发明的组合物处理种子用于保护种子和萌芽中的植物免受害虫侵袭的方法。本发明同样涉及本发明的组合物用于处理种子以保护种子和由其长成的植株免于害虫的用途。本发明另外涉及已用本发明的组合物处理过以保护其免于害虫的种子。
本发明的一个优点在于,本发明的组合物特殊的系统性意味着,用这些组合物处理种子不仅保护种子本身免于害虫,而且保护由其长成的植株在出苗后免于害虫。以该方式,可省去播种时或播种之后不久对作物的即时处理。
另一个优点是,与单一杀虫活性化合物相比,本发明的组合物协同增加的杀虫活性,该活性超过当单独施用2种活性物质时预期的活性。也有利的是,与单一杀真菌活性化合物相比,本发明的组合物协同增加的杀真菌活性,该活性超过单独施用的活性物质的预期活性。这使得优化采用的活性物质的量成为可能。
同样可视作有利的是,本发明的混合物还可以用于尤其是转基因种子,由该种子长成的植株能够表达针对害虫的蛋白。通过用本发明的组合物处理该种子,可以仅仅通过例如杀虫蛋白的表达来防治某些害虫,并且另外,通过本发明的组合物可以避免对种子的损伤。
本发明的组合物适合用于保护在农业中、园艺中、林业中和园圃中使用的如前已述及的任意植物品种的种子。它们尤其是下述植物的种子:玉米、花生、油菜(Canola)、油籽油菜、罂粟、大豆、棉花、甜菜(例如糖用甜菜和饲用甜菜)、水稻、粟、小麦、大麦、燕麦、黑麦、向日葵、烟草、马铃薯或蔬菜(例如番茄、甘蓝物种)。本发明的组合物还适合用于处理如上所述的水果植物和蔬菜的种子。对玉米、大豆、棉花、小麦和油菜或油籽油菜的种子的处理特别重要。
如上所述,用本发明的组合物处理转基因种子也是特别重要的。就此而言,种子是通常含有至少一种异源基因的植物的种子,所述异源基因控制特别是具有杀虫性质的多肽的表达。在该背景下,转基因种子中的异源基因可以源自微生物,例如芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、根瘤菌属(Rhizobium)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、沙雷氏菌属(Serratia)、木霉属(Trichoderma)、棒形杆菌属(Clavibacter)、球囊霉属(Glomus)或胶霉属(Gliocladium)。本发明特别适合用于处理包含至少一个源自芽孢杆菌属的异源基因的转基因种子,且所述异源基因的基因产物显示出针对欧洲玉米螟和/或玉米根蠕虫的活性。更优选的是,涉及的基因是源自苏云金芽孢杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)的异源基因。
在本发明范围内,本发明的组合物单独地或者以适当的制剂施用于种子。优选在稳定得足以避免在处理过程中发生损害的状态下,处理种子。一般而言,对种子的处理可在采收和播种之间的任意时间进行。通常使用的种子已从植物中分离出,并已除去外壳、表皮、茎、荚、毛或果肉。
在处理种子时,通常必须小心选择施用于种子的本发明的组合物和/或其它添加剂的量,使得不会不利地影响种子的发芽,或不损害得到的植物。在一定施用率时活性化合物可表现出植物毒性作用的情况下,这必须尤其得以确保。
此外,本发明的化合物可用于防治大量不同的害虫,包括例如有害的吸血昆虫、叮咬昆虫和其它植物寄生害虫、储藏的谷物害虫、破坏工业材料的害虫、以及卫生害虫(包括动物健康领域中的寄生虫),并且可用于它们的防治,例如它们的根除和消灭。本发明因此还包括用于防治害虫的方法。
在动物健康领域,即在兽医学领域,根据本发明的活性物质对于动物寄生虫、特别是体外寄生虫或体内寄生虫是起效的。术语“内寄生虫”特别是包括蠕虫,如绦虫类、线虫类或吸虫类,和原生动物,如球虫目。外寄生虫通常是且优选地是节肢动物,尤其是昆虫,如蝇(剌蝇和舔蝇)、寄生蝇幼虫、虱、毛虱、羽虱、蚤等;或蜱类,例如蜱,如硬蜱或软蜱;或螨类,例如痒螨、秋螨、鸟螨等。
这些寄生虫包括:
虱目(Anoplurida),如血虱属(Haematopinus spp.)、虱属(Linognathusspp.)、人虱属(Pediculus spp.)、Phtirus spp.和管虱属(Solenopotes spp.);具体实例为:棘颚虱(Linognathus setosus)、牛颚虱(Linognathus vituli)、绵羊颚虱(Linognathus ovillus)、Linognathus oviformis、羊足虱(Linognathuspedalis)、狭颚虱(Linognathus stenopsis)、巨额驴血虱(Haematopinus asinimacrocephalus)、阔胸血虱(Haematopinus eurysternus)、猪血虱(Haematopinus suis)、头虱(Pediculus humanus capitis)、人体虱(Pediculushumanus corporis)、Phylloera vastatrix、阴虱(Phthirus pubis)、水牛盲虱(Solenopotes capillatus);
食毛目(Mallophagida)、钝角亚目(Amblycerina)和丝角亚目(Ischnocerina),例如Trimenopon spp.、鸡虱属(Menopon spp.)、苏鸭巨羽(Trinoton spp.)、牛鸟虱属(Bovicola spp.)、毛虱属(Werneckiella spp.)、Lepikentron spp.、Damalina spp.、啮毛虱属(Trichodectes spp.)和猫毛虱属(Felicola spp.);具体实例为:牛毛虱(Bovicola bovis)、绵羊虱(Bovicolaovis)、Bovicola limbata、Damalina bovis、犬毛虱(Trichodectes canis)、猫羽虱(Felicola subrostratus)、山羊毛虱(Bovicola caprae)、Lepikentron ovis、咬虱(Werneckiella equi);
双翅目(Diptera)、长角亚目(Nematocerina)和短角亚目(Brachycerina),如伊蚊属(Aedes spp.)、按蚊属(Anopheles ssp.)、库蚊属(Culex spp.)、蚋属(Simulium spp.)、真蚋亚属(Eusimulium spp.)、白蛉属(Phlebotomus spp.)、长须白蛉属(Lutzomyia spp.)、库蠓属(Culicoides spp.)、斑虻属(Chrysopsspp.)、短蚋亚属(Odagmia spp.)、桐柏山维蚋(Wilhelmia spp.)、瘤虻属(Hybomitra spp.)、黄虻属(Atylotus spp.)、虻属(Tabanus spp.)、麻虻属(Haematopota spp.)、Philipomyia spp.、蜂虱蝇属(Braula spp.)、蝇属(Muscaspp.)、齿股蝇属(Hydrotaea spp.)、厩蝇属(Stomoxys spp.)、黑角蝇属(Haematobia spp.)、莫蝇属(Morellia spp.)、厕蝇属(Fannia spp.)、舌蝇属(Glossina spp.)、丽蝇属(Calliphora spp.)、绿蝇属(Lucilia spp.)、金蝇属(Chrysomyia spp.)、污蝇属(Wohlfahrtia spp.)、麻蝇属(Sarcophaga spp.)、狂蝇属(Oestrus spp.)、皮蝇属(Hypoderma spp.)、胃蝇属(Gasterophilusspp.)、虱蝇属(Hippobosca spp.)、虱蝇属(Lipoptena spp.)、蜱蝇属(Melophagus spp.)、鼻狂蝇属(Rhinoestrus spp.)、牧场大蚊(Tipula spp.);具体实例为:埃及伊蚊(Aedes aegypti)、白纹伊蚊(Aedes albopictus)、带喙伊蚊(Aedes taeniorhynchus)、甘比亚疟蚊(Anopheles gambiae)、斑翅疟蚊(Anopheles maculipennis)、红头丽蝇(Calliphora erythrocephala)、两麻翅虻属(Chrysozona pluvialis)、热带家蚊(Culex quinquefasciatus)、尖音库蚊(Culex pipiens)、环跗库蚊(Culex tarsalis)、夏厕蝇(Fannia canicularis)、肉蝇(Sarcophaga carnaria)、厩螫蝇(Stomoxys calcitrans)、沼泽大蚊(Tipulapaludosa)、铜绿蝇(Lucilia cuprina)、丝光绿蝇(Lucilia sericata)、爬蚋(Simulium reptans)、巴浦白蛉(Phlebotomus papatasi)、长须白蛉(Phlebotomus longipalpis)、Odagmia ornata、Wilhelmia equina、红头厌蚋(Boophthora erythrocephala)、吵扰虻(Tabanus bromius)、Tabanusspodopterus、北美黑虻(Tabanus atratus)、马闸(Tabanus sudeticus)、Hybomitra ciurea、黑尾斑虻(Chrysops caecutiens)、弃斑虻(Chrysopsrelictus)、飞行虻(Haematopota pluvialis)、Haematopota italica、秋家蝇(Musca autumnalis)、家蝇(Musca domestica)、角蝇(Haematobia irritansirritans)、角蝇(Haematobia irritans exigua)、牛角血蝇(Haematobiastimulans)、头蝇(Hydrotaea irritans)、白斑齿股蝇(Hydrotaea albipuncta)、Chrysomya chloropyga、蛆症金蝇(Chrysomya bezziana)、羊狂蝇(Oestrusovis)、牛皮蝇(Hypoderma bovis)、纹皮蝇(Hypoderma lineatum)、Przhevalskiana silenus、人皮蝇侵染(Dermatobia hominis)、羊蜱蝇(Melophagus ovinus)、Lipoptena capreoli、Lipoptena cervi、Hippoboscavariegata、马虱蝇(Hippobosca equina)、肠道胃蝇(Gasterophilus intestinalis)、红尾胃蝇(Gasterophilus haemorroidalis)、红小胃蝇(Gasterophilus intermis)、鼻胃蝇(Gasterophilus nasalis)、黑角胃蝇(Gasterophilus nigricornis)、穿孔胃蝇(Gasterophilus pecorum)、蜂虱蝇(Braula coeca);
蚤目(Siphonapterida),例如人蚤(Pulex spp.)、栉首蚤属(Ctenocephalides spp.),如潜蚤(Tunga spp.)、客蚤属(Xenopsylla spp.)、角叶属(Ceratophyllus spp.);具体实例为:犬栉首蚤(Ctenocephalides canis)、猫栉首蚤(Ctenocephalides felis)、致痒蚤(Pulex irritans)、钻潜蚤(Tungapenetrans)、印鼠客蚤(Xenopsylla cheopis);
半翅目(Heteropterida),例如臭虫属(Cimex spp.)、锥蝽(Triatoma spp.)、长红锥蝽(Rhodnius spp.)、大锥蝽(Panstrongylus spp.);
纲翅目(Blattarida),例如东方蜚蠊(Blatta orientalis)、美洲大蠊(Periplaneta americana)、德国小蠊(Blattela germanica)、棕带蟑螂属(Supellaspp.)(例如Suppella longipalpa);
蜱螨亚纲(Acari(Acarina))、后气门亚目(Metastigmata)和中气门亚目(Mesostigmata),例如锐缘蜱属(Argas spp.)、偶由软蜱(Ornithodorus spp.)、耳疥癣虫属(Otobius spp.)、硬蜱属(Ixodes spp.)、花蜱属(Amblyomma spp.)、扇头蜱属(Rhipicephalus(Boophilus)spp.)、革蜱属(Dermacentor spp.)、血蜱(Haemophysalis spp.)、璃眼蜱属(Hyalomma spp.)、皮刺螨属(Dermanyssusspp.)、扇头蜱属(Rhipicephalus spp.)(多宿主蜱的原始种类)、禽刺螨属(Ornithonyssus spp.)、肺刺螨属(Pneumonyssus spp.)、赖利属(Raillietiaspp.)、肺刺螨属(Pneumonyssus spp.)、胸骨肉瘤属(Sternostoma spp.)、蜂螨(Varroa spp.)、气管螨(Acarapis spp.);具体实例为:波斯锐缘蜱(Argaspersicus)、翘缘锐缘蜱(Argas reflexus)、非洲钝缘蜱(Ornithodorus moubata)、麦氏钝缘蜱(Otobius megnini)、微小牛蜱(Rhipicephalus(Boophilus)microplus)、消色牛蜱(Rhipicephalus(Boophilus)decoloratus)、环形牛蜱(Rhipicephalus(Boophilus)annulatus)、有矩牛蜱(Rhipicephalus(Boophilus)calceratus)、小亚璃眼蜱(Hyalomma anatolicum)、埃及璃眼蜱(Hyalommaaegypticum)、边缘璃眼蜱(Hyalomma marginatum)、Hyalomma transiens、外翻扇头蜱(Rhipicephalus evertsi)、蓖子硬蜱(Ixodes ricinus)、六角形硬蜱(Ixodes hexagonus)、犬硬蜱(Ixodes canisuga)、多毛硬蜱(Ixodes pilosus)、浅红硬蜱(Ixodes rubicundus)、肩突硬蜱(Ixodes scapularis)、全环硬蜱(Ixodes holocyclus)、嗜群血蜱(Haemaphysalis concinna)、长棘血蜱(Haemaphysalis punctata)、Haemaphysalis cinnabarina、鼠耳血蜱(Haemaphysalis otophila)、犬血蜱(Haemaphysalis leachi)、长角血蜱(Haemaphysalis longicorni)、边缘革蜱(Dermacentor marginatus)、网状矩头壁虱(Dermacentor reticulatus)、革蜱(Dermacentor pictus)、棕色皮刺蜱(Dermacentor albipictus)、安氏革蜱(Dermacentor andersoni)、变异革蜱(Dermacentor variabilis)、Hyalomma mauritanicum、红扇头蜱(Rhipicephalussanguineus)、囊状扇头蜱(Rhipicephalus bursa)、附尾扇头蜱(Rhipicephalusappendiculatus)、好望角扇头蜱(Rhipicephalus capensis)、图兰扇头蜱(Rhipicephalus turanicus)、赞比西扇头蜱(Rhipicephalus zambeziensis)、美洲钝眼蜱(Amblyomma americanum)、彩饰花蜱(Amblyomma variegatum)、斑点钝眼蜱(Amblyomma maculatum)、希伯来钝眼蜱(Amblyommahebraeum)、卡延钝眼蜱(Amblyomma cajennense)、鸡皮刺螨(Dermanyssusgallinae)、囊禽剌螨(Ornithonyssus bursa)、林禽刺螨(Ornithonyssussylviarum)、蜜蜂对雅氏瓦螨(Varroa jacobsconi);
辐螨目(Actinedida(前气门亚目(Prostigmata)))和粉螨亚目(Acaridida(无气门亚目(Astigmata))),例如气管螨(Acarapis spp.)、恙虫(Cheyletiellaspp.)、禽螯螨属(Ornithocheyletia spp.)、鼠螨属(Myobia spp.)、疮螨属(Psorergates spp.)、蠕形螨属(Demodex spp.)、恙螨属(Trombicula spp.)、囊凸牦螨(Listrophorus spp.)、粉螨属(Acarus spp.)、食酪螨属(Tyrophagusspp.)、嗜木螨属(Caloglyphus spp.)、大脚颈下螨(Hypodectes spp.)、迟钝翅螨(Pterolichus spp.)、痒螨属(Psoroptes spp.)、足螨属(Chorioptes spp.)、耳痒螨属(Otodectes spp.)、疥螨属(Sarcoptes spp.)、背肛螨属(Notoedres spp.)、膝螨属(Knemidocoptes spp.)、胞螨属(Cytodites spp.)和鸡雏螨属(Laminosioptes spp.);具体实例为:牙氏姬螯螨(Cheyletiella yasguri)、布氏姬螯螨(Cheyletiella blakei)、犬蠕形螨(Demodex canis)、牛脂螨(Demodexbovis)、绵羊蠕形螨(Demodex ovis)、山羊蠕形螨(Demodex caprae)、马蠕形螨(Demodex equi)、Demodex caballi、猪毛囊虫(Demodex suis)、秋收恙螨(Neotrombicula autumnalis)、Neotrombicula desaleli、Neoschonegastiaxerothermobia、红恙螨(Trombicula akamushi)、耳疥癣症(Otodectescynotis)、猫耳螨(Notoedres cati)、犬疥螨(Sarcoptis canis)、牛疥螨(Sarcoptesbovis)、羊疥螨(Sarcoptes ovis)、山羊疥螨(Sarcoptes rupicaprae(=S.caprae))、猪疥螨(Sarcoptes equi)、猪穿孔疥癣虫(Sarcoptes suis)、绵羊痒螨(Psoroptesovis)、兔痒螨(Psoroptes cuniculi)、马痒螨(Psoroptes equi)、牛癣蛀疥癣虫(Chorioptes bovis)、绵羊痒螨(Psoergates ovis)、Pneumonyssoidic mange、鼻螨(Pneumonyssoides caninum)、武氏蜂盾螨(Acarapis woodi)。
本发明的活性化合物也适于防治攻击动物的节肢动物、蠕虫和原生动物。这些动物包括农业家畜,例如牛、绵羊、山羊、马、猪、驴、骆驼、水牛、兔、鸡、火鸡、鸭、鹅、养殖鱼、蜜蜂。此外,所述动物还包括宠物(也称为伴侣动物)例如狗、猫、笼养鸟、观赏鱼等以及实验动物例如仓鼠、豚鼠、大鼠和小鼠。
通过使用本发明的活性化合物防治这些节肢动物、蠕虫和/或原生动物,会降低宿主动物的死亡率且改善效能(用于获得肉、奶、羊毛、兽皮、鸡蛋和蜂蜜等)和宿主动物的健康,因此可实现更经济和更简单的动物养殖。
举例来说,(在适用情况下)希望防止或中断寄生虫从宿主中获得血液。此外,对寄生虫的防治有助于抑制传染性因素的转移。
本文在兽医领域使用的术语“防治”是指活性化合物能有效地将各种寄生虫在受其感染的动物中的发生率降低至无害水平。更具体的是,本文所使用的术语“防治”指活性化合物可有效地杀灭各种寄生虫,或抑制其生长或抑制其繁殖。
一般而言,当用于处理动物时,可将本发明的活性化合物直接应用于动物。优选地,它们作为药物组合物应用,这些组合物可包含本领域已知的药学上可接受的赋形剂和/或佐剂。
在兽医和动物饲养领域,该活性化合物可通过已知方式来使用(施用),例如采用以下形式进行肠道给药:片剂、胶囊剂、饮料、灌服药水、颗粒剂、膏剂、丸剂、喂食法(feed-through method)、栓剂;或通过例如注射(肌肉内、皮下、静脉内、腹膜内等)、植入、鼻内施用等进行肠外给药;采用如浸渍或浸浴、喷涂、倾洒、点涂、冲洗和洒粉的形式施用于皮肤;还可借助于含有活性化合物的模制品,如项圈、耳标、尾标、肢体带、牵引索、识别签等。可将活性化合物配制成香波(shampoo)或合适的气溶胶制剂,或常压的喷雾剂,例如泵喷雾和喷雾器。
当用于牲畜、家禽和宠物等时,本发明的活性化合物可以作为含有1-80重量%活性化合物的制剂(例如,粉剂、可湿性粉剂[“WP”]、乳液、浓缩乳液[“EC”]、流动剂、均质溶液、浓缩悬浮剂[“SC”]),直接或在稀释后(例如100-10000倍稀释)应用,或也可作为化学沐浴剂(chemical bath)应用。
当用于动物健康领域时,本发明的活性化合物可与合适的增效剂或与其他活性化合物如杀螨剂、杀虫剂、驱虫药或抗原虫剂联合使用。
本发明的化合物可以通过本领域技术人员已知的常规方法来制备。
制备方法
以下列举的制备方法特别适用于通式(I)的化合物。然而,它们也类似地适用于通式(II)的化合物。
1)(I-1)类化合物也可通过反应式1所示的通用制备方法A来制备,其中W1和W2代表氧,A1-A4、T和Q具有如上所述的含义。
反应式1:制备方法A
本发明的(I-1)类化合物可通过使通式结构(VII)的胺(其中J代表氢)与通式结构(VIII)的活化羧酸衍生物反应来制备。该反应可在存在或不存在溶剂的条件下进行。在该步骤中,也可以采用合适的碱。
有利的是以使反应混合物在整个过程中保持易于搅拌的量使用稀释剂。
适合的溶剂是不会干扰反应的任何溶剂,例如水。适合的是芳香烃,如苯或甲苯;卤代烃,如二氯甲烷、氯仿或四氯化碳、开链或环状醚如乙醚、二噁烷、四氢呋喃或1,2-二甲氧基乙烷;酯类,如乙酸乙酯和乙酸丁酯;酮类,如丙酮、甲基异丁基酮和环己酮;酰胺类如二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基乙酰胺;腈类如乙腈;以及其他惰性溶剂如1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑烷酮;溶剂可以单独使用,或以两种或多种溶剂的组合使用。
所用的碱可以是有机碱如三乙胺、乙基二异丙胺、三正丁胺、吡啶和4-二甲氨基吡啶;此外,可以使用例如下列碱:碱金属氢氧化物,如氢氧化钠和氢氧化钾;碳酸盐,如碳酸氢钠和碳酸钾;磷酸盐,如磷酸氢二钾和磷酸三钠;碱金属氢化物,如氢化钠;碱金属醇盐,如甲醇钠和乙醇钠。这些碱可以以基于(VII)和(VIII)的0.01-5.0摩尔当量的比例使用。
适宜的反应温度范围为-20℃至所讨论的溶剂的沸点,根据所选择的反应物、溶剂和反应温度,反应时间为几分钟至96小时。
可以使用羰基卤化物,即(VIII)(其中X代表氟,氯或溴)作为活化的羧酸衍生物(VIII),其中W2代表氧,Q具有以上所述的含义。这些羰基卤化物可以使用卤化剂如亚硫酰氯、亚硫酰溴、磷酰氯、草酰氯、三氯化磷等由相应的羧酸(VIII)(其中X表示羟基)制备[Houben-Weyl,1952,vol.VIII,p.463ff.]。
此外,也可以使用混合酸酐作为活化的羧酸衍生物(VIII)[J.Am.Chem.Soc.1967,5012]。在该方法中,可以使用各种氯甲酸酯,例如氯甲酸异丁酯、氯甲酸异丙酯。同样可以用于此目的使用的是二乙基乙酰氯、三甲基乙酰氯等。
然而,也可以使用偶联剂如二环己基碳二亚胺和添加剂如1-羟基苯并三唑,通过使胺(VII)(J是氢)与羧酸(VIII)(X是羟基)反应来进行式(I-1)表示的羧酰胺的制备(Chem.Ber.1970,788)。另外,也可以使用偶联试剂如1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺、1,1’-羰基-1H-咪唑和类似的化合物。
用于进行该制备方法的偶联试剂是所有适用于形成酯或酰胺键的偶联试剂[参见例如Bodansky et al.,Peptide Synthesis,2nd ed.,Wiley & Sons,New York,1976;Gross,Meienhofer,The Peptide:Analysis,Synthesis,Biology(Academic Press,New York,1979);Tetrahedron2005,61,10827-10852;Chem.Soc.Rev.2009,38,606-631]。
(VII)类化合物或相应的铵盐(其中W1表示氧,J表示氢,A1-A4和T具有上文所述的含义)可任选地通过使用文献中描述的方法还原腈(VI)来制备,例如通过用甲硼烷或贵金属催化氢化处理。或者,可以从(VI)按类似于文献方法(Tetrahedron Lett.2000,41,3513-3515;Tetrahedron2003,59,5417-5423)来制备由Boc保护的化合物(VII)(其中J表示Boc)。(VII)类化合物(其中J表示氢)的游离胺或其铵盐,可以从由Boc保护的化合物(VII)(其中J代表Boc)通过文献中已知的方法制备,例如通过用盐酸或三氟乙酸处理。
通式结构(VI)的化合物(其中W1表示氧,A1-A4和T具有上文所述的含义)可以通过使通式结构(III)的苯胺与通式结构(IV)的活化的羧酸衍生物反应来制备。这里,如上所述的制备(I-1)的相同条件可适用于选择溶剂、反应条件、反应时间和试剂。
可以使用羰基卤化物,即(IV)(其中X代表氟,氯或溴)作为通式结构(IV)的活化的羧酸衍生物,其中W1代表氧,T具有以上所述的含义。这些羰基卤化物可以使用卤化剂如亚硫酰氯、亚硫酰溴、磷酰氯、草酰氯、三氯化磷等由相应的羧酸(IV)(其中X表示羟基)制备[Houben-Weyl,1952,vol.VIII,p.463ff.]。
此外,也可以使用混合酸酐作为活化的羧酸衍生物(IV)[J.Am.Chem.Soc.1967,5012]。在该方法中,可以使用各种氯甲酸酯,例如氯甲酸异丁酯、氯甲酸异丙酯。同样可以用于此目的使用的是二乙基乙酰氯、三甲基乙酰氯等。
然而,也可以使用偶联剂如二环己基碳二亚胺和添加剂如1-羟基苯并三唑,通过使苯胺(III)与羧酸(IV)(X是羟基)反应来进行式(VI)表示的羧酰胺的制备(Chem.Ber.1970,788)。也可以使用偶联试剂如1-乙基-3-(3-二甲基氨基丙基)碳二亚胺、1,1’-羰基-1H-咪唑和类似的化合物。
用于进行该制备方法的偶联试剂是所有适用于形成酯或酰胺键的偶联试剂[参见例如Bodansky et al.,Peptide Synthesis,2nd ed.,Wiley & Sons,New York,1976;Gross,Meienhofer,The Peptide:Analysis,Synthesis,Biology(Academic Press,New York,1979);Tetrahedron2005,61,10827-10852;Chem.Soc.Rev.2009,38,606-631]。
杂环羧酸(IV)(其中W1表示氧,X表示羟基,且T具有上述的含义)可以通过文献中已知的方法来制备,参见例如WO2010/051926。
或者,(VII)类的由Boc保护的化合物(其中J表示Boc)可以通过使通式结构(V)的苯胺与通式结构(IV)的活化的羧酸衍生物反应来制备。这里,上述的制备(VI)的相同条件可适用于选择溶剂、反应条件、反应时间和试剂。
通式结构(V)的化合物(其中A1-A4具有上述的含义)可以根据文献(Tetrahedron Lett.2000,41,3513-3515;Tetrahedron2003,59,5417-5423)中已知的方法从(III)类的腈类通过还原和Boc保护来制备。
通式结构(III)的化合物(其中A1-A4具有上述的含义)可以通过还原通式结构(II)的硝基化合物来制备。在文献中,有大量用于该转化的方法,例如在酸性条件或贵金属催化加氢下使用氯化锡。
另外,本发明的(I-1)类化合物化合物可通过在活化的羧酸衍生物(VIII)、特别是羧酐的存在下使通式结构(VI)的腈类与还原剂如硼氢化钠反应来制备。
2)(I-2)类化合物可以通过反应式2所示的通用制备方法B来制备,其中W1和W2代表氧,A1-A4、T、Q和R1具有上述的含义。
反应式2:制备方法B
通式结构(I-2)的化合物(其中W1和W2表示氧,A1-A4和T具有上文所述的含义)可以通过使通式结构(XI)的胺与通式结构(VIII)的活化的羧酸衍生物反应来制备。这里,如上所述的制备(I-1)的相同条件可适用于选择溶剂、反应条件、反应时间和试剂。
通式结构(XI)的化合物(其中W1表示氧,A1-A4、R1和T具有上文所述的含义)可以由通式结构(X)的腈类制备。这里,可应用如上所述的由腈类(VI)制备(VII)(J是氢)的相同条件。
通式结构(X)的化合物(其中W1表示氧,A1-A4、R1和T具有上文所述的含义)可以通过使通式结构(VI)的化合物与通式结构(IX)的化合物反应来获得。在通式结构(IX)的化合物中,R1具有上文所述的含义,Y代表良好的离去基团,例如氯、溴、碘、C1-C4-烷基羰基氧基(例如新戊酰基)、C1-C4-烷基磺酸酯(如甲磺酰氧基)、C1-C4-卤代烷基磺酸酯(例如三氟甲磺酰氧基)、芳基磺酸酯(如对甲苯磺酰氧基)或唑基(例如咪唑-1-基)。任选有利的是在对应于上述定义的适合的碱的存在下进行该反应。
3)(I-3)类化合物可以任选地通过反应式3所示的通用制备方法C来制备,其中W1和W2代表氧,A1-A4、T、Q、M1具有上述的含义。
反应式3:制备方法C
本发明的通式结构(I-3)的化合物(其中W1和W2表示氧,A1-A4、M1和T具有上文所述的含义)可以通过使通式结构(XIV)的胺与通式结构(VIII)的活化的羧酸衍生物反应来制备。这里,如上所述的制备(I-1)中的相同条件可适用于选择溶剂、反应条件、反应时间和试剂。
通式结构(XIV)的化合物(其中W1表示氧,A1-A4、M1和T具有上述的含义)可以通过还原胺化由通式结构(XIII)的化合物来制备。在文献中,有大量用于该转化的方法,例如使用氰基硼氢化钠和乙酸铵的甲醇溶液(Org.React.2002,59,1-714,Org.Process Res.Dev.2006,10,971-1031)。
通式结构(XIII)的化合物(其中W1和W2表示氧,A1-A4、M1和T具有上文所述的含义)可以通过使通式结构(XII)的苯胺与通式结构(IV)的活化的羧酸衍生物反应来制备。这里,如上所述的制备(VI)的相同条件可适用于选择溶剂、反应条件、反应时间和试剂。
通式结构(XII)的苯胺(其中A1-A4和M1具有上述的含义)可以通过还原通式结构(XI)的硝基化合物来制备。在文献中,有大量用于该转化的方法,例如在酸性条件或贵金属催化加氢下使用氯化锡。
可以在氢气氛(标准压力或升高的压力下)下于适合的溶剂中,在催化剂存在下进行氢化反应。适用的催化剂是钯催化剂如钯碳催化剂,镍催化剂如雷尼镍(Raney nickel),钴催化剂,钌催化剂,铑催化剂,铂催化剂和与这些类似的化合物。适合的溶剂为水,醇如甲醇和乙醇,芳烃如苯和甲苯,开链或环状醚如乙醚、二噁烷和四氢呋喃,以及酯类如乙酸乙酯。可以在1bar至100bar的压力范围内进行还原反应,其温度可以在-20℃和所用溶剂的沸点之间变化。根据反应条件,反应时间为几分钟至96小时。
根据Organic Syntheses Coll.Vol.(III),453中所述的方法可进行金属介导的还原,例如氯化锡(II)。
可以根据在文献中所述的方法使用所有已知的适合的酸性或碱性反应助剂,以解除/除去保护基SG。当使用氨基甲酸酯型的保护基用于保护氨基时,优选的是使用酸性反应助剂。当使用叔丁基氨基甲酸酯保护基(BOC基团)时,使用了例如,无机酸如盐酸、氢溴酸、硝酸、硫酸、磷酸,或有机酸如苯甲酸、甲酸、乙酸、三氟乙酸、甲磺酸、苯磺酸或对甲苯磺酸,以及适合的稀释剂如水和/或有机溶剂,如四氢呋喃、二噁烷、二氯甲烷,氯仿,乙酸乙酯,乙醇或甲醇。优选的是盐酸或乙酸与水和/或有机溶剂如乙酸乙酯的混合物。
已知可在稀释剂或溶剂和碱性或酸性反应助剂的存在下特别有效地进行某些反应和制备方法。另外,也可以使用稀释剂或溶剂的混合物。有利的是以使该反应混合物在整个过程中易于搅拌的量使用稀释剂或溶剂。
用于进行本发明方法的合适的稀释剂或溶剂原则上是在特定反应条件下为惰性的所有有机溶剂。实例包括:卤代烃类(例如氯代烃,如四乙烯、四氯乙烷、二氯丙烷、二氯甲烷、二氯丁烷、氯仿、四氯化碳、三氯乙烷、三氯乙烯、五氯乙烷、二氟苯、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯苯、溴苯、二氯苯、氯甲苯、三氯苯),醇类(例如甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇),醚类(例如,乙基丙基醚、甲基叔丁基醚、正丁基醚、茴香醚、苯乙醚、环己基甲基醚、二甲基醚、乙醚、二丙基醚、二异丙基醚、二正丁基醚、二异丁基醚、二异戊基醚、乙二醇二甲基醚、四氢呋喃、二噁烷、二氯乙醚以及环氧乙烷和/或环氧丙烷的聚醚),胺类(例如三甲胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、三丁胺、N-甲基吗啉、吡啶和四亚甲基二胺),硝基烃类(例如硝基甲烷、硝基乙烷、硝基丙烷、硝基苯、氯硝基苯、邻硝基甲苯);腈类(如乙腈、丙腈、丁腈、异丁腈、苄腈、间-氯苄腈),二氧四氢噻吩,二甲基亚砜,四亚甲基亚砜,二丙基亚砜,苄基甲基亚砜,二异丁基亚砜,二丁基亚砜,二异戊基亚砜,砜类(例如二甲基砜、二乙基砜、二丙基砜、二丁基砜、二苯基砜、二己基砜、甲基乙基砜、乙基丙基砜、乙基异丁基砜和五亚甲基砜),脂族、脂环族或芳族烃类(例如戊烷、己烷、庚烷、辛烷、壬烷和工业烃),以及含有具有在例如40℃至250℃范围内的沸点的组分的所谓“石油溶剂(white spirit)”,伞花烃,沸点区间为70℃至190℃的石油馏分,环己烷,甲基环己烷,石油醚,石油英(Iigroin),辛烷,苯,甲苯,氯苯,溴苯,硝基苯,二甲苯,酯类(例如,乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乙酸丁酯、乙酸异丁酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二丁酯、碳酸亚乙酯);酰胺类(例如六甲基磷酸三酰胺、甲酰胺、N-甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N,N-二丙基甲酰胺、N,N-二丁基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷、N-甲基己内酰胺、1,3-二甲基-3,4,5,6-四氢-2(IH)-嘧啶、辛基吡咯烷酮、辛基己内酰胺、1,3-二甲基-2-咪唑啉二酮、N-甲酰基哌啶、N,N’-1,4-二甲酰基哌嗪)和酮类(例如丙酮、乙酰苯、甲基乙基酮、甲基丁基酮)。
用于进行本发明方法的碱性反应助剂可以为所有合适的酸结合剂。实例包括:碱土金属或碱金属化合物(例如锂、钠、钾、镁、钙和钡的氢氧化物、氢化物、氧化物和碳酸盐),脒碱类或胍碱类(例如7-甲基-1,5,7-三氮杂双环[4.4.0]癸-5-烯(MTBD);二氮杂双环[4.3.0]壬烯(DBN)、二氮杂双环[2.2.2]辛烷(DABCO)、1,8-二氮杂双环[5.4.0]十一碳烯(DBU)、环己基四丁基胍(CyTBG)、环己基四甲基胍(CyTMG)、N,N,N,N-四甲基-1,8-萘二胺、五甲基哌啶)和胺类,特别是叔胺类(例如三乙胺、三甲胺、三苄胺、三异丙胺、三丁胺、三环己胺、三戊胺、三己胺、N,N-二甲基苯胺、N,N-二甲基甲苯胺、N,N-二甲基-对氨基吡啶、N-甲基吡咯烷、N-甲基哌啶、N-甲基咪唑、N-甲基吡唑、N-甲基吗啉、N-甲基六亚甲基二胺、吡啶、4-吡咯烷基吡啶、4-二甲基氨基吡啶、喹啉、α-甲基吡啶、β-甲基吡啶、异喹啉、嘧啶、吖啶、N,N,N',N'-四亚甲基二胺、N,N,N',N'-四乙二胺、喹喔啉、N-丙基二异丙胺、N-乙基二异丙胺、N,N'-二甲基环己胺、2,6-二甲基吡啶、2,4-二甲基吡啶或三乙基二胺)。
用于进行本发明方法的酸性反应助剂包括所有无机酸类(例如,氢卤酸如氢氟酸、盐酸、氢溴酸或氢碘酸,以及硫酸、磷酸、亚磷酸、硝酸),路易斯酸类(例如,氯化铝(III)、三氟化硼或其醚合物、氯化钛(V)、氯化锡(V)和有机酸类(例如,甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丙二酸、乳酸、草酸、富马酸、己二酸、硬脂酸、酒石酸、油酸、甲磺酸、苯甲酸、苯磺酸或对甲苯磺酸)。
如果在反应路线图中提供保护基,则可以使用所有通常已知的保护基。特别是在Greene T.W.,Wuts P.G.W.in Protective Groups in OrganicSynthesis;John Wiley & Sons,Inc.1999,"Protection for the hydroxyl groupincluding1,2-and1,3-diols"中描述的那些。
以下保护基也是合适的:
取代的甲醚型(例如甲氧基甲基醚(ΜOΜ)、甲硫基甲基醚(MTM)、(苯基二甲基甲硅烷基)甲氧基甲基醚(SNOM-OR)、苄氧基甲基醚(BOM-OR)、对甲氧基苄氧基甲基醚(PMBM-OR)、对硝基苄氧基甲基醚、邻硝基苄氧基甲基醚(NBOM-OR)、(4-甲氧基苯氧基)甲基醚(p-AOM-OR)、愈创木酚甲基醚(GUM-OR)、叔丁氧基甲基醚、4-戊氧基甲基醚(POM-OR)、甲硅烷基氧基甲基醚、2-甲氧基乙氧基甲基醚(MEM-OR)、2,2,2-三氯乙氧基甲基醚、双(2-氯乙氧基)甲基醚、2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基甲基醚(SEM-OR)、甲氧基甲基醚(MM-OR));
取代的乙醚型(例如1-乙氧基乙基醚(EE-OR)、1-(2-氯乙氧基)乙基醚(CEE-OR)、1-[2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙氧基]乙基醚(SEE-OR)、1-甲基-1-甲氧基乙基醚(MIP-OR)、1-甲基-1-苄氧基乙基醚(MBE-OR)、1-甲基-1-苄氧基-2-氟乙基醚(MIP-OR)、1-甲基-1-苯氧基乙基醚、2,2,2-三氯乙基醚、1,1-二茵香基-2,2,2-三氯乙基醚(DATE-OR)、1,1,1,3,3,3-六氟-2-苯基异丙基醚(HIP-OR)、2-三甲基甲硅烷基乙基醚、2-(苄基硫基)乙基醚、2-(苯基氧硒基)乙基醚),醚型(例如四氢吡喃基醚(THP-OR)、3-溴四氢吡喃基醚(3-BrTHP-OR)、四氢噻喃基醚、1-甲氧基环己基醚、2-和4-吡啶甲基醚、3-甲基-2-吡啶甲基-N-氧代醚、2-喹啉基甲基醚(Qm-OR)、1-芘基甲基醚、二苯基甲基醚(DPM-OR)、对,对’-二硝基二苯甲基醚(DNB-OR)、5-二苯基环庚基醚、三苯基甲基醚(Tr-OR)、α-萘基二苯基甲基醚、对-甲氧基苯基二苯基甲基醚(MMTrOR)、二(对甲氧基苯基)苯基甲基醚(DMTr-OR)、三(对甲氧基苯基)苯基甲基醚(TMTr-OR)、4-(4’-溴苯酰氧基)苯基二苯基甲基醚、4,4’,4”-三(4,5-二氯邻苯二甲酰亚胺基苯基)甲基醚(CPTr-OR)、4,4’,4”-三(苯甲酰氧基苯基)甲基醚(TBTr-OR)、4,4’-二甲氧基-3”-[Ν-(咪唑基甲基)]三苯甲基醚(IDTr-OR)、4,4’-二甲氧基-3”-[N-(咪唑基乙基)氨甲酰基]三苯甲基醚(IETr-OR)、l,1-双(4-甲氧基苯基)-1’-芘基甲基醚(Bmpm-OR)、9-蒽基醚、9-(9-苯基)咕吨基醚(Pixyl-OR)、9-(9-苯基-10-氧代)蒽基(蒽醚(tritylone))、4-甲氧基四氢吡喃基醚(MTHP-OR)、4-甲氧基四氢噻喃基醚、4-甲氧基四氢噻喃基S,S-二氧化物、1-[(2-氯-4-甲基)苯基]-4-甲氧基哌啶-4-基醚(CTMP-OR)、1-(2-氟苯基)-4-甲氧基哌啶-4-基醚(Fpmp-OR)、14-二噁烷-2-基醚、四氢呋喃基醚、四氢噻吩基醚、2,3,3a,4,5,6,7,7a-八氢-7,8,8-三甲基-4,7-甲烷苯并呋喃-2-基醚(MBF-OR)、叔丁基醚、烯丙基醚、炔丙基醚、对氯苯基醚、对甲氧基苯基醚、对硝基苯基醚、对2,4-二硝基苯基醚(DNP-OR)、2,3,5,6-四氟-4-(三氟甲基)苯基醚、苄基醚(Bn-OR));
取代的苄基醚型(例如对甲氧基苄基醚(MPM-OR)、3,4-二甲氧基苄基醚(DMPM-OR)、邻硝基苄基醚、对硝基苄基醚、对卤代苄基醚、2,6-二氯苄基醚、对氨酰基苄基醚(PAB-OR)、对-叠氮基苄基醚(Azb-OR)、4-叠氮基-3-氯苄基醚、2-三氟甲基苄基醚、对(甲基亚磺酰基)苄基醚(Msib-OR));
甲硅烷基醚型(例如三甲基甲硅烷基醚(TMS-OR)、三乙基甲硅烷基醚(TES-OR)、三异丙基甲硅烷基醚(TIPS-OR)、二甲基异丙基甲硅烷基醚(IPDMS-OR)、二乙基异丙基甲硅烷基醚(DEIPS-OR)、二甲基己基甲硅烷基醚(TDS-OR)、叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基醚(TBDMS-OR)、叔丁基二苯基甲硅烷基醚(TBDPS-OR)、三苄基甲硅烷基醚、三对二甲基苯基甲硅烷基醚、三苯基甲硅烷基醚(TPS-OR)、二苯基甲基甲硅烷基醚(DPMS-OR)、二叔丁基甲基甲硅烷基醚(DTBMS-OR)、三(三甲基甲硅烷基)甲硅烷基醚(sisyl醚)、二叔丁基甲基甲硅烷基醚(DTBMS-OR)、三(三甲基甲硅烷基)甲硅烷基醚(sisyl醚)、(2-羟基苯乙烯基)二甲基甲硅烷基醚(HSDMS-OR)、(2-羟基苯乙烯基)二异丙基甲硅烷基醚(HSDIS-OR)、叔丁基甲氧基苯基甲硅烷基醚(TBMPS-OR)、叔丁氧基二苯基甲硅烷基醚(DPTBOS-OR));
酯型(例如甲酸酯、苯甲酰基甲酸酯、乙酸酯(Ac-OR)、氯乙酸酯、二氯乙酸酯、三氯乙酸酯、三氟乙酸酯(TFA-OR)、甲氧基乙酸酯、三苯基甲氧基乙酸酯、苯氧基乙酸酯、对氯苯氧基乙酸酯、苯基乙酸酯、二苯基乙酸酯(DPA-OR)、烟酸酯、3-苯基丙酸酯、4-戊酸酯、4-氧代戊酸酯(乙酰丙酸酯)(Lev-OR)、4,4-(亚乙基二硫)戊酸酯(LevS-OR)、5-[3-双(4-甲氧基苯基)羟基甲氧基苯氧基]乙酰丙酸酯、新戊酸酯(Pv-OR)、1-金刚烷酸酯、巴豆酸酯、4-甲氧基巴豆酸酯、苯甲酸酯(Bz-OR)、对苯基苯甲酸酯、2,4,6-三甲基苯甲酸酯(mesitoate)、4-(甲硫基甲氧基)丁酸酯(MTMB-OR)、2-(甲硫基甲氧基甲基)苯甲酸酯(MTMT-OR),
酯型(例如碳酸甲酯、碳酸甲氧基甲酯、碳酸-9-芴基甲酯(Fmoc-OR)、碳酸乙酯、碳酸-2,2,2-三氯乙酯(Troc-OR)、碳酸-1,1-二甲基-2,2,2-三氯乙酯(TCBOC-OR)、碳酸-2-(三甲基甲硅烷基)乙酯(TMSEC-OR)、碳酸-2-(苯基磺酰基)乙酯(Ps-OR)、碳酸-2-(三苯基磷鎓基)乙酯(Peoc-OR)、碳酸叔丁酯(Boc-OR)、碳酸异丁酯、碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸烯丙酯(Alloc-OR)、碳酸对硝基苯酯、碳酸苄酯(Z-OR)、碳酸对甲氧基苄酯、碳酸-3,4-二甲氧基苄酯、碳酸邻硝基苄酯、碳酸对硝基苄酯、碳酸-2-丹磺酰基乙酯(Dnseoc-OR)、碳酸-2-(4-硝基苯基)乙酯(Npeoc-OR)、碳酸-2-(2,4-二硝基苯基)乙酯(Dnpeoc)),以及
硫酸酯型(例如烯丙基磺酸酯(Als-OR)、甲磺酸酯(Ms-OR)、苄基磺酸酯、甲苯磺酸酯(Ts-OR)、2-[(4-硝基苯基)乙基]磺酸酯(Npes-OR))。
用于进行本发明方法中的催化氢化反应的合适催化剂为所有常规氢化催化剂,例如铂催化剂(例如铂板、铂棉、铂黑、胶体铂、氧化铂、铂丝),钯催化剂(例如钯棉、钯黑、氧化钯、钯/碳、胶体钯、钯/硫酸钡、钯/碳酸钡、氢氧化钯),镍催化剂(例如还原镍、氧化镍、雷尼镍),钌催化剂,钴催化剂(例如还原钴、雷尼钴),铜催化剂(例如还原铜,雷尼铜,Ullman铜)。优选使用贵金属催化剂(例如铂和钯或钌催化剂),其任选施用于合适的载体(例如碳或硅),铑催化剂(例如在三苯基膦存在下的三(三苯基膦)氯化铑(I))。此外,可以使用“手性氢化催化剂”(例如含有手性二膦配体的那些,如(2S,3S)-(-)-2,3-双(二苯基膦基)丁烷[(S,S)-chiraphos]或(R)-(+)-2,2’-或(S)-(-)-2,2’双(二苯基膦基)-1,1’-二萘[R(+)-BINAP或S(-)-BINAP]),其结果是一种异构体在异构体混合物中的比例增加,而另一异构体的形成几乎被完全抑制。
通过标准方法制备本发明的化合物的盐。代表性的酸加成盐是,例如,通过与无机酸(如硫酸、盐酸、氢溴酸、磷酸)或有机羧酸(如乙酸、三氟乙酸、柠檬酸、琥珀酸、丁酸、乳酸、甲酸、富马酸、马来酸、丙二酸、樟脑酸、草酸、酞酸、丙酸、羟乙酸、戊二酸、硬脂酸、水杨酸、山梨酸、酒石酸、肉桂酸、戊酸、苦味酸、苯甲酸)或有机磺酸(如甲磺酸和4-甲苯磺酸)的反应而形成的那些。
代表性的本发明的化合物的盐还有:由有机碱如吡啶或三乙胺形成的那些,或者由无机碱形成的那些如钠、锂、钙、镁或钡的氢化物、氢氧化物或碳酸盐,条件是通式(I)的化合物具有适于该盐形成的结构单元。
实验部分-实施例
以下给出的实施例用于以示例性方式说明制备方法,且并不限制本发明的权利要求。
制备方法A
实施例1:N-{3-[(丁酰基氨基)甲基]-4-氯苯基}-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙
基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(Am-41)
将丁酰氯(24mg,0.23mmol,1.1当量)的THF(1.5ml)溶液加入氯化[2-氯-5-({[1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苯基]甲铵(100mg,0.21mmol)和吡啶(34mg,0.43mmol,2.1当量)的THF(3ml)溶液中。室温下20h(小时)后,将混合物在减压下浓缩,并通过硅胶柱层析(己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化,获得N-{3-[(丁酰基氨基)甲基]-4-氯苯基}-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(80mg,75%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CD3OD):δ=0.97(t,3H),1.62-1.74(m,2H),2.26(t,2H),4.00(s,3H),4.84(s,2H),7.38-7.42(m,1H),7.53-7.57(m,1H),7.73(m,1H)ppm.
HPLC-MSa):logP=3.70,质量(m/z)=521[M+H]+.
实施例2:氯化[2-氯-5-({[1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑
-5-基]羰基}氨基)苯基]甲铵(前体)
将HCl(16.7ml在1,4-二氧己环中的4N溶液)加入叔丁基[2-氯-5-({[1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苄基]氨基甲酸酯(924mg,1.68mmol)的1,4-二氧己环(2ml)溶液,将混合物在室温下保持5h(小时)。将混合物在减压下浓缩并用乙酸乙酯洗涤,得到呈白色固体的氯化[2-氯-5-({[1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苯基]甲铵(820mg,>95%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,d6-DMSO):δ=4.03(s,3H),4.12(s,2H),7.59(d,1H),7.74(d,1H),7.98(s,1H),8.61(br.s,3H),11.79(s,1H)ppm.
实施例3:叔丁基[2-氯-5-({[1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-
吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苄基]氨基甲酸酯(Am-74)
将4-(4,6-二甲氧基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)-4-甲基吗啉盐酸盐(=DMTMM,参见Tetrahedron1999,55,13159-13170)(1.25g,4.51mmol,1.1当量)加入1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸(1.28g,4.1mmol;根据WO2010/051926制备)和叔丁基(5-氨基-2-氯苄基)氨基甲酸酯(1.05g,4.1mmol,1.0当量)的THF(15ml)溶液,并将混合物在室温下保持18h(小时)。加入水(30ml),用乙酸乙酯对混合物进行萃取(3×30ml),萃取液用MgSO4干燥。减压浓缩后,使产物通过硅胶柱层析(己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化,获得叔丁基[2-氯-5-({[1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苄基]氨基甲酸酯(924mg,41%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,d6-DMSO):δ=1.41(s,9H),4.00(s,3H),4.19(d,2H),7.45-7.48(m,2H),7.58-7.66(m,2H),11.32(s,1H)ppm.
实施例4:叔丁基(5-氨基-2-氯苄基)氨基甲酸酯
0℃下,将二-叔丁基碳酸氢盐(1.8g,8.3mmol,1.2当量)加入5-氨基-2-氯苄腈(1.05g,6.88mmol)和NiCl2·6H2O(250mg,1.05mmol,0.15当量)的甲醇(25ml)溶液。在10min(分钟)内,每次少量地加入硼氢化钠(1.82g,48.2mmol,7.0当量),然后将混合物加热至室温。3h(小时)后,加入二亚乙基三胺(3.7ml,3.5g,34mmol,5.0当量),使混合物保持30min(分钟)。在减压下浓缩混合物,加入碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液,用乙酸乙酯对混合物进行萃取,用碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液洗涤合并的有机相,并用MgSO4干燥。减压浓缩后,使产物通过硅胶柱层析(己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化,获得叔丁基(5-氨基-2-氯苄基)氨基甲酸酯(1.06g,60%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=1.45(s,9H),3.68(br.s,2H),4.29(br.d,2H),4.98(br.s,1H),6.52(dm,1H),6.69(m,1H),7.09(d,1H)ppm.
实施例5:5-氨基-2-氯苄腈
将浓HCl(15.6ml)逐滴加入2-氯-5-硝基苄腈(3.38g,18.5mmol)和SnCl2·2H2O(18.9g,83.9mmol,4.5当量)的异丙醇(35ml)溶液。将混合物在120℃下加热2h(小时),然后冷却至室温,并使用NaOH水溶液调成碱性。用二氯甲烷萃取混合物,用Na2SO4干燥,并通过硅胶过滤。减压浓缩后获得5-氨基-2-氯苄腈(2.58g,91%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=3.90(br.s,2H),6.79(dm,1H),6.91(m,1H),7.22-7.26(m,1H)ppm.
制备方法B
实施例6:N-[3-(乙酰胺基甲基)-2,4-二氟苯基]-N,1-二甲基-3-(五氟乙
基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(Am-7)
将乙酸酐(34mg,0.34mmol,1.3当量)的THF(1ml)溶液加入氯化[2,6-二氟-3-(甲基{[1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苯基]甲铵(130mg,0.26mmol)和吡啶(43mg,0.54mmol,2.1当量)的THF(2.5ml)溶液中,并将混合物在室温下保持20h(小时)。减压浓缩后,通过柱层析(己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化产物,获得N-[3-(乙酰胺基甲基)-2,4-二氟苯基]-N,1-二甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(131mg,99%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CD3OD):δ=由于旋转异构体而无法解释。
HPLC-MSa):logP=2.85,质量(m/z)=509[M+H]+。
实施例7:氯化[2,6-二氟-3-(甲基{[1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲
基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苯基]甲铵
将叔丁基[2,6-二氟-3-(甲基{[1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苄基]氨基甲酸酯(1.2g,2.1mmol)的HCl溶液(21ml在1,4-二氧己环中的4N溶液,40当量)在室温下搅拌6.5h(小时),然后在减压下浓缩。由此获得氯化[2,6-二氟-3-(甲基{[1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苯基]甲铵(954mg,89%),其进一步进行反应,而无需另外纯化。
HPLC-MSa):质量(m/z)=467[M-Cl]+。
实施例8:叔丁基[2,6-二氟-3-(甲基{[1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲
基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苄基]氨基甲酸酯(Am-108)
0℃下,将二-叔丁基碳酸氢盐(737mg,3.38mmol,1.2当量)加入N-(3-氰基-2,4-二氟苯基)-N,1-二甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(1.30g,2.81mmol)和NiCl2·6H2O(102mg,0.43mmol,0.15当量)的甲醇(25ml)溶液。在5min(分钟)内,每次少量地加入硼氢化钠(0.74g,19.7mmol,7.0当量),然后将混合物加热至室温。6h(小时)后,加入二亚乙基三胺(1.5ml,1.5g,14mmol,5.0当量),并将混合物保持10min(分钟)。在减压下浓缩混合物,加入碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液,用乙酸乙酯对混合物进行萃取,用碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液洗涤合并的有机相,并用MgSO4干燥。有机相通过硅胶过滤,得到叔丁基[2,6-二氟-3-(甲基{[1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-基]羰基}氨基)苄基]氨基甲酸酯(1.2g,76%),其进一步进行反应,而无需另外纯化。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=1.42(s,9H),1.44(s,3H),3.46(s,3H),3.93(br.2,2H),4.38(br.s,1H),7.25-7.26(m,2H)ppm.
HPLC-MSa):质量(m/z)=511[M-tBu]+。实施例9:N-(3-氰基-2,4-二氟 苯基)-N,1-二甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺
将碳酸钾(1.28g,5.58mmol,2.0当量)和碘甲烷(0.5ml,1.2g,8.4mmol,3.0当量)加入N-(3-氰基-2,4-二氟苯基)-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(1.25g,2.79mmol)的DMF(4ml)溶液。5h(小时)后加入水,用乙酸乙酯萃取混合物,萃取液用氯化钠饱和水溶液洗涤,并用MgSO4干燥。通过硅胶过滤,得到呈旋转异构体的混合物的N-(3-氰基-2,4-二氟苯基)-N,1-二甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(1.27g,98%),其进一步进行反应,而无需另外纯化。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=3.25(s,3H),3.49(s,3H’),3.99(s,3H),4.02(s,3H’),7.18(m,1H),7.61(m,1H)ppm.
实施例10:N-(3-氰基-2,4-二氟苯基)-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲
基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺
将乙二酰氯(0.85ml,1.2g,9.8mmol)和DMF(3滴)先后加入1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸(2.03g,6.50mmol)的二氯甲烷(15ml)溶液中,并将混合物加热至50℃。5h(小时)后,在50℃下,在减压下浓缩混合物,加入THF(15ml)和吡啶(1.1ml,1.0g,13mmol,2当量),随后加入3-氨基-2,6-二氯苄腈(1.0g,6.5mmol,1.0当量)的THF(3ml)溶液。使混合物在室温下保持24h,加入HCl(1N水溶液),用乙酸乙酯萃取混合物,并用HCl(1N水溶液)和NaOH(2N水溶液)洗涤萃取液。用MgSO4干燥萃取液,并通过硅胶过滤。减压浓缩后,产物通过硅胶柱层析(己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化,得到N-(3-氰基-2,4-二氟苯基)-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(1.29g,44%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,d6-DMSO):δ=4.06(s,3H),7.53(tm,1H),8.30(qm,1H),11.46(s,1H)ppm.
HPLC-MSa):质量(m/z)=447[M-H]+。
实施例11:1-甲基-N-{4-甲基-3-[(丙酰氨基)甲基]苯基}-3-(五氟乙
基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(Am-68)
0℃,将丙酸酐(101mg,0.778mmol,1.5当量)加入N-(3-氰基-4-甲基苯基)-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(221mg,0.52mmol)和NiCl2·6H2O(16mg,0.07mmol,0.13当量)的甲醇(5ml)溶液。每次少量地加入硼氢化钠(137mg,3.63mmol,7.0当量),然后将反应混合物加热至室温。3.5h(小时)后,加入二亚乙基三胺(0.3ml,0.3g,2.6mmol,5.0当量),并将混合物保持10min(分钟)。在减压下浓缩混合物,加入碳酸氢钠饱和水溶液,用乙酸乙酯萃取混合物,并用NaOH(1N水溶液)和HCl(2N水溶液)洗涤合并的有机相,用MgSO4干燥。减压浓缩后,使产物通过硅胶柱层析(己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化,得到1-甲基-N-{4-甲基-3-[(丙酰氨基)甲基]苯基}-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(75mg,30%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=1.20(t,3H),2.23(q,2H),2.31(s,3H),4.00(s,3H),4.40(d,2H),6.58(br.s,1H),7.16(d,1H),7.50(dm,1H),7.67(s,1H),10.47(s,1H)ppm.
HPLC-MSa):质量(m/z)=487[M+H]+。
制备方法C
实施例12:N-{4-氯-3-[1-(丙酰氨基)乙基]苯基}-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙
基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(Am-28)
将丙酰氯(21mg,0.22mmol,1.3当量)的THF(1ml)溶液加入N-[3-(1-氨乙基)-4-氯苯基]-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(80mg,0.17mmol)和吡啶(18mg,0.22mmol,1.3当量)的THF(3ml)溶液。28h(小时)后于室温下,将混合物在减压下浓缩,并用柱层析(己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化,获得N-{4-氯-3-[1-(丙酰氨基)乙基]苯基}-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(80mg,89%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,d6-DMSO):δ=0.98(t,3H),1.32(d,3H),2.18(q,2H),4.01(s,3H),5.09(quint,1H),7.44(d,1H),7.53(dm,1H),7.71(m,1H),8.45(br.s,1H),11.30(s,1H)ppm.
HPLC-MSa):logP=3.55;质量(m/z)=521[M+H]+。
实施例13:N-[3-(1-氨乙基)-4-氯苯基]-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟
甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺
将氰基硼氢化钠(163mg,2.59mmol,3.0当量)加入N-(3-乙酰基-4-氯苯基)-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(400mg,0.863mmol)和乙酸铵(1.33g,17.3mmol,20当量)的甲醇(15ml)溶液。室温下搅拌混合物4h,然后加热至80℃,并在该温度下保持3h(小时)。将混合物冷却至室温并过夜。加入氯化钠饱和水溶液,并用乙酸乙酯萃取混合物,萃取液用氯化钠饱和水溶液洗涤,并用MgSO4干燥。减压浓缩后,用柱层析(己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化产物,得到N-[3-(1-氨乙基)-4-氯苯基]-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(186mg,46%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,CDCl3):δ=1.39(d,3H),1.61(br.s,2H),4.10(s,3H),4.55(q,1H),7.36(d,1H),7.51(dm,1H),7.73(m,1H),7.92(br.s,1H)ppm.
HPLC-MSa):质量(m/z)=463[M-H]+。
实施例14:N-(3-乙酰基-4-氯苯基)-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲
基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺
将乙二酰氯(0.65ml,0.95g,7.5mmol,1.5当量)和DMF(3滴)先后加入1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸(1.56g,5.00mmol)的二氯甲烷(20ml)溶液,将混合物加热至40℃。9h(小时)后于40℃,在减压下浓缩混合物,加入THF(20ml)和吡啶(0.8ml,0.8g,2.0当量),随后加入1-(5-氨基-2-氯苯基)乙酮(0.85g,5.00mmol,1.0当量)的THF(5ml)溶液。将混合物在室温下保持2d(天)。加入HCl(1N水溶液),用乙酸乙酯萃取混合物,并用HCl(1N水溶液)、NaOH(1N水溶液)和氯化钠饱和水溶液洗涤萃取液。用MgSO4干燥萃取液,并在减压蒸馏后,使产物通过硅胶柱层析(己烷/乙酸乙酯)纯化,获得N-(3-乙酰基-4-氯苯基)-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-4-(三氟甲基)-1H-吡唑-5-甲酰胺(1.85g,80%)。
1H NMR(300MHz,d6-DMSO):δ=2.63(s,3H),4.07(s,3H),7.46(d,1H),7.74(m,1H),7.84(dm,1H),8.50(br.s,1H)ppm.
HPLC-MSa):质量(m/z)=462[M-H]+。a)关于logP值的确定和质量检测的注解:根据EEC Directive79/831附件V.A8,通过在反相柱(C18)上的HPLC(高效液相色谱法)确定给出的logP值。Agilent1100LC系统;50*4.6Zorbax Eclipse Plus C181.8微米;流动相A:乙腈(0.1%甲酸);流动相B:水(0.09%甲酸);在4.25min(分钟)内从10%乙腈至95%乙腈的线性梯度,然后用95%乙腈另外保持1.25min(分钟);恒温箱温度55℃;流速:2.0ml/min。质量检测是通过Agilend MSD系统进行。
使用未支化的链-2-酮(具有3-16个碳原子)用已知的logP值进行标定(在两个连续的链酮之间通过保留时间利用线性内插法确定logP值)。使用200nm-400nm的UV光谱在光谱信号最大值中确定λ-maX值。
NMR峰列方法
以1H NMR峰列形式说明所选实例的1H NMR数据。对于每个信号峰,先后列出δ值(ppm)和圆括号中的信号强度。δ值(不同信号峰的信号强度数字对)对不同的信号峰列由分号彼此分开。
因此一个实例的峰列采取如下形式:
δ1(强度1);δ2(强度2);........;δi(强度i);......;δn(强度n)
起
始材料的制备
1-甲基-4-硝基-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸
类似于J.Med.Chem.1987,30,91-96的方法,通过1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸的硝化制备1-甲基-4-硝基-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸。
1H NMR(600MHz,d6-DMSO):δ=4.12(s,3H)ppm.
HPLC-MSa):logP=1.41;质量(m/z)=290[M+H]+。
1-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸
将8.0g(27.7mmol)的1-甲基-4-硝基-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸[类似于J.Med.Chem.1987,30,91-96的制备]溶于100ml二氯甲烷。将50μl的N,N-二甲基甲酰胺和10.5g(83.0mmol)的乙二酰氯依次加入溶液中,0.5h(小时)后,在室温下回流加热反应0.5h(小时)。将反应混合物冷却至室温。减压下用旋转蒸发器除去溶剂和过量的乙二酰氯。将残余物溶于氯仿(分析纯),并将其缓慢地逐滴加入5.56g(41.5mmol)氰化银(I)、100ml氯仿(分析纯)和56ml甲醇(分析纯)的悬浮液中。回流下加热混合物8h(小时),然后冷却至室温。反应混合物通过硅胶短柱过滤,并用二氯甲烷冲洗硅胶柱。减压下用旋转蒸发器除去溶剂。
由此得到8.5g1-甲基-4-硝基-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸甲酯。粗产物用于下一步反应,而无需进一步纯化。1H NMR(600MHz,d6-DMSO):δ=4.16(s,3H),3.93(s,3H)ppm.
HPLC-MSa):logP=3.18;质量(m/z)=304[M+H]+。
将8.5g(28.0mmol)的1-甲基-4-硝基-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸甲酯和850mg的钯碳催化剂(10%钯)悬浮于100ml甲醇中。对高压釜充满氮气以惰性化,然后在5巴的氢气氛下搅拌混合物。22h(小时)后于室温下,通过硅藻土过滤混合物,并用旋转蒸发器在减压下除去溶剂。将粗产物置于二氯甲烷中,并通过硫酸钠过滤。然后用旋转蒸发器在减压下除去二氯甲烷。
由此获得6.7g(86%)的4-氨基-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸甲酯。
1H NMR(600MHz,d6-DMSO):δ=5.32(s,2H),4.07(s,3H),3.86(s,3H)ppm.
HPLC-MSa):logP=2.52;质量(m/z)=274[M+H]+。
将2.0g(7.32mmol)的4-氨基-1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸甲酯与1.38g(14.6mmol)二甲基二硫化物溶于14ml乙腈(分析纯)。将1.26g(11.0mmol)叔丁基亚硝酸盐在5ml乙腈(分析纯)的溶液缓慢逐滴加入该混合物。结束滴加后,在室温下另外搅拌反应混合物1h(小时)。然后将反应混合物倒入1N盐酸。水相用乙酸乙酯萃取三次。用饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤合并的有机相两次,并由硫酸镁干燥并过滤。用旋转蒸发器在减压下除去溶剂。
由此以8:2的期望产物与副产物1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸甲酯的混合物的形式获得2.0g(72%)的1-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸甲酯。
1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO):δ=4.12(s,3H),3.94(s,3H),2.34(s,3H)ppm.
HPLC-MSa):logP=3.51;质量(m/z)=305[M+H]+。将3.0g的1-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸甲酯溶于16ml甲醇(分析纯)。然后将16.5ml的2N氢氧化钠水溶液加入该溶液,在室温下搅拌混合物16h(小时)。用乙酸乙酯稀释反应混合物,然后用100ml的1N盐酸洗涤。用乙酸乙酯萃取酸性的水相两次。合并的有机相用饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥并过滤。用旋转蒸发器在减压下除去溶剂。
由此以约8:2的期望产物与副产物1-甲基-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸的混合物的形式获得2.5g(90%)of1-甲基-4-(甲硫基)-3-(五氟乙基)-1H-吡唑-5-羧酸。
1H NMR(400MHz,d6-DMSO):δ=4.12(s,3H),3.94(s,3H),2.34(s,3H)ppm.
HPLC-MSa):logP=3.51;质量(m/z)=305[M+H]+。使用制备方法A-C制备表1和表2列举的化合物。
本发明还涉及包含本发明的至少一种活性化合物的制剂和由此制备的作为作物保护组合物和/或杀虫剂的使用形式,例如浇洒液(drench)、滴灌液、喷雾液)。在某些情况下,所述使用形式包括其它的作物保护组合物和/或杀虫剂和/或改善作用的佐剂,如渗透剂,例如植物油如菜子油、葵花子油,矿物油如石蜡油,植物脂肪酸的烷基酯如菜籽油甲酯或大豆油甲酯,或链烷醇烷氧基化物,和/或铺展剂(spreader),例如烷基硅氧烷和/或盐,例如有机或无机铵盐或鏻盐,例如硫酸铵或磷酸氢二铵和/或保留促进剂,例如二辛基磺基琥珀酸酯或羟丙基瓜尔胶聚合物,和/或湿润剂,例如甘油,和/或肥料,例如含铵、钾或磷的肥料。
常用制剂为,例如水溶性液体(SL)、乳油(EC)、水乳剂(EW)、浓悬浮剂(SC、SE、FS、OD)、水分散性粒剂(WG)、颗粒剂(GR)、浓胶囊剂(CS);这些及其他制剂类型已描述于2010年6月17日的国际作物生命协会:农药制剂类型目录和国际编码体系(Crop Life International:Catalog ofPesticide Formulation Types and International Coding System.TechnicalMonograph No.2,6th edition(http://www.croplife.org/files/documentspublished/1/en-us/PUB-TM/4147_PUB-TM_2008_05_01_Technical_Monograph_2_-_Revised_May_2008.pdf))。除了本发明的一种或多种活性化合物以外,所述制剂任选地还包括农用化学活性化合物。
优选制剂或使用形式包括助剂,例如增量剂、溶剂、自发性促进剂、载体、乳化剂、分散剂、防冻保护剂、杀虫剂、增稠剂和/或其它助剂,例如佐剂。在上下文中的佐剂是增强制剂的生物效应的成分,而成分本身不具有任何生物效应。佐剂的实例是促进保留、铺展、附着在叶片表面或渗透的试剂。
以已知的方式例如通过将活性化合物与助剂混合来制备这些制剂,所述助剂例如增量剂、溶剂和/或固体载体和/或其它助剂,如表面活性剂。所述制剂是在适合的设施中制备,或者在施用之前或施用中制备。
所使用的助剂可以是适合用于为活性成分的制剂或由这些制剂制备的使用形式(例如待用作物保护组合物如喷液或拌种剂产品(seed dressingproduct))赋予特殊性质,如某些物理、技术和/或生物学性质的物质。
合适的增量剂有,例如水、极性和非极性有机化学液体,例如来自以下类:芳族和非芳族烃(如石蜡、烷基苯、烷基萘、氯苯),醇类和多元醇类(适当情况下也可以被取代,醚化和/或酯化),酮类(如丙酮、环己酮),酯类(包括脂肪和油)和(聚)醚类,未取代的和取代的胺类,酰胺类,内酰胺类(如N-烷基吡咯烷酮)和内酯,砜和亚砜(如二甲亚砜)。
如果所用增量剂为水,则也可以采用例如有机溶剂作为助溶剂。合适的液体溶剂主要有:芳烃,如二甲苯、甲苯或烷基萘,氯代芳烃或氯代脂肪烃如氯苯、氯乙烯或二氯甲烷,脂族烃类如环己烷或石蜡,如矿物油馏分、矿物油和植物油,醇如丁醇或乙二醇以及它们的醚和酯,酮类如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮或环己酮,强极性溶剂如二甲基甲酰胺和二甲基亚砜,以及水。
原则上,可以使用所有合适的溶剂。合适的溶剂的实例有芳香烃,如二甲苯、甲苯或烷基萘,氯代芳烃或氯代脂族烃,如氯苯、氯乙烯或二氯甲烷,脂族烃如环己烷,石蜡,石油馏分,矿物油和植物油,醇类如甲醇,乙醇,异丙醇,丁醇或乙二醇以及它们的醚和酯,酮类如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮或环己酮,强极性溶剂如二甲亚砜,以及水。
原则上,可以使用所有合适的载体。更具体地,合适的载体包括如下:例如,铵盐和天然碎岩,如高岭土、矾土、滑石、白垩岩、石英、绿坡缕石、蒙脱石或硅藻土,和合成碎岩,如高分散二氧化硅、氧化铝和天然或合成的硅酸盐、树脂、蜡和/或固体肥料。同样可以使用这类载体的混合物。用于颗粒剂的有用载体包括:例如粉碎并分级(fractionated)的天然岩石,如方解石、大理石、浮石、海泡石、白云石,和无机和有机粗粉的合成颗粒,以及有机材料颗粒如锯末、纸张、椰子壳、玉米穗轴和烟草茎。
也可使用液化气体增量剂或溶剂。特别合适的增量剂或载体是在室温和大气压下呈气态的那些,例如气溶胶推进剂,如卤代烃和丁烷、丙烷、氮气和二氧化碳。
具有离子或非离子性的乳化剂和/或发泡剂、分散剂或润湿剂,或这些表面活性剂的混合物是聚丙烯酸盐、木素磺酸(lignosulphonic acid)盐、苯酚磺酸或萘磺酸的盐、环氧乙烷与脂肪醇、脂肪酸或脂肪胺、取代的苯酚(优选烷基苯酚或芳基苯酚)的缩聚物、磺基琥珀酸酯的盐、牛磺酸衍生物(优选烷基牛磺酸酯)、聚乙氧基化醇类或酚类的磷酸酯、多元醇的脂肪酸酯,以及化合物的衍生物,包括硫酸盐、磺酸盐和磷酸盐,例如:烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚、烷基磺酸盐、烷基硫酸盐、芳基磺酸盐、蛋白质水解产物、木素亚硫酸盐废液和甲基纤维素。如果活性化合物之一和/或惰性载体之一是不溶于水且在水中施用时,表面活性剂的存在是有利的。
作为在制剂和由此衍生的使用形式中的其他助剂,可使用的着色剂是例如无机颜料,例如氧化铁、氧化钛和普鲁士蓝,和有机染料,如茜素染料、偶氮染料和金属酞菁染料,以及营养素和微量营养素如铁盐、锰盐、硼盐、铜盐、钴盐、钼盐和锌盐。
额外的组分可以是稳定剂,如低温稳定剂、防腐剂、抗氧化剂、光稳定剂或其它改进化学和/或物理稳定性的试剂。也可以存在泡沫形成剂或消泡剂。
粘着剂如羧甲基纤维素和粉末、颗粒或胶乳形式的天然和合成的聚合物,如阿拉伯胶、聚乙烯醇和聚乙酸乙烯酯,或天然磷脂如脑磷脂和卵磷脂和合成的磷脂也可以作为附加助剂存在于制剂和由其衍生的使用形式中。还可使用的助剂是矿物油和植物油。
任选的是,其他助剂可以存在于制剂和由其衍生的使用形式中。这类添加剂的实例包括香料、保护性胶体、粘合剂、胶粘剂、增稠剂、触变剂、渗透剂、保留促进剂、稳定剂、螯合剂、络合剂、湿润剂、铺展剂。一般而言,活性化合物可与常用于制剂目的的任何固体或液体添加剂组合。
预期适合的保留促进剂包括降低动态表面张力或增加粘弹性的所有物质,例如二辛基磺基琥珀酸酯或羟丙基瓜尔胶聚合物。
本文上下文中预期的渗透剂包括常用于促进农用化学活性化合物渗透进入植物的所有物质。本文上下文中,通过从(通常是水性)施用液和/或从喷雾涂层渗透到植物的角质层并由此增加活性化合物在角质层的迁移率的能力来定义渗透剂。文献(Baur et al.,1997,Pesticide Science 51,131-152)记载的方法可用于确定该属性。实例包括醇烷氧基化物,如椰子油脂肪酸乙氧基化物(10)或异十三烷基乙氧基化物(12),脂肪酸酯,例如菜籽油甲酯或大豆油甲基酯,脂肪胺烷氧基化物,例如牛脂胺乙氧基化物(15),或铵和/或鏻盐,例如硫酸铵或磷酸氢二铵。
生物学实施例
使用各种农业相关的有害生物确认,相比于现有技术的化合物,表1中的示例性选择的化合物具有更优异的活性。
辣根猿叶虫–喷雾试验(PHAECO)
溶剂:78.0重量份的丙酮
1.5重量份的二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:0.5重量份的烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为了制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将该浓缩物用含乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
用所需浓度的活性化合物制剂喷雾处理大白菜(Brassica pekinensis)的叶盘(disc),并在干燥后,为其植入(populate)辣根猿叶虫(Phaedoncochleariae)的幼虫。
在期望的时间后,确定以%表示的效力。100%指所有甲虫幼虫已被杀死;0%指没有甲虫幼虫被杀死。
在该试验中,表1中的示例性选择的化合物1、3、4、6、7、11和933相比现有技术的相似化合物显示更优异的功效(参见表2)。
瘤蚜属试验-喷雾试验(MYZUPE)
溶剂:78.0重量份的丙酮
1.5重量份的二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:0.5重量份的烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为了制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将该浓缩物用含乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
用所需浓度的活性化合物制剂喷雾处理被所有阶段的桃蚜(Myzuspersicae)侵扰的大白菜(Brassica pekinensis)的叶盘。
在期望的时间后,确定以%表示的效力。100%指所有蚜虫已被杀死;0%指没有蚜虫被杀死。
在该试验中,表1中的示例性选择的化合物1、2、3、4、7、8、9、10、201、298和937相比现有技术的相似化合物显示更优异的功效(参见表2)。
二斑叶螨–喷雾试验;OP-抗性(TETRUR)
溶剂:78.0重量份的丙酮
1.5重量份的二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:0.5重量份的烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为了制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将该浓缩物用含乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
用所需浓度的活性化合物制剂喷雾处理被所有阶段的温室红叶螨(Tetranychus urticae)侵扰的菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris)的叶盘。
在期望的时间后,确定以%表示的效力。100%指所有叶螨已被杀死;0%指没有叶螨被杀死。
在该试验中,表1中的示例性选择的化合物1、2、3、4、7、8、9、10、11、201、926和933相比现有技术的相似化合物显示更优异的功效(参见表2)。
草地贪夜蛾(Spodoptera frugiperda)-喷雾试验(SPODFR)
溶剂:78.0重量份的丙酮
1.5重量份的二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:0.5重量份的烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为了制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将该浓缩物用含乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。
用所需浓度的活性化合物制剂喷雾处理玉米(Zea mays)叶盘,并在干燥后,给其植入粘虫(草地贪夜蛾)的毛虫。
在期望的时间后,确定以%表示的效力。100%指所有毛虫已被杀死;0%指没有毛虫被杀死。
在该试验中,表1中的示例性选择的化合物8相比现有技术的相似化合物显示更优异的功效(参见表2)。
表2
二斑叶螨–喷雾试验;OP-抗性(TETRUR)
溶剂:7重量份的二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:2重量份的烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为了制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将该浓缩物用含乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。如果需要加入铵盐或/和渗透剂,则将它们各自以1000ppm的浓度加入制剂的溶液中。
用所需浓度的活性化合物制剂喷雾处理被所有阶段的温室红叶螨(二斑叶螨)严重侵扰的菜豆植株(菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris))。
在期望的时间后,确定以%表示的效力。100%指所有叶螨已被杀死;0%指没有叶螨被杀死。
在该试验中,例如表1中的化合物13相比现有技术显示出更优异的功效(参见表3)。
二斑叶螨–淋水试验,OP-抗性,全身处理(TETRUR sys.)
溶剂:7重量份的二甲基甲酰胺
乳化剂:2重量份的烷基芳基聚乙二醇醚
为了制备合适的活性化合物制剂,将1重量份的活性化合物与所述量的溶剂和乳化剂混合,并将该浓缩物用含乳化剂的水稀释至所需浓度。如果需要加入铵盐或/和渗透剂,则将它们各自以1000ppm的浓度加入制剂的溶液中。
用所需浓度的活性化合物制剂浇水处理被所有阶段的温室红叶螨(二斑叶螨)严重侵扰的菜豆植株(菜豆(Phaseolus vulgaris))。
在期望的时间后,确定以%表示的效力。100%指所有叶螨已被杀死;0%指没有叶螨被杀死。
在该试验中,例如表1中的化合物13相比现有技术显示出更优异的功效(参见表3)。
表3
Claims (14)
1.通式(Ia)的化合物,
其中,
R1代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C7-环烷基、C1-C6-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷氧羰基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基、杂芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基;
A1代表CR2,
A2代表CR3,
A3代表CR4或氮,且
A4代表CR5,其中
R2、R3和R5相互独立地代表氢、卤素、CN、NO2、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基氨基、N,N-二-C2-C6-烷基氨基、N-C2-C7-烷基氨基羰基、N-C2-C7-环烷基氨基羰基或C2-C4-烷氧羰基;
R4代表氢、卤素、CN、NO2、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基氨基、N,N-二-C2-C6-烷基氨基、N-C2-C7-烷基氨基羰基、N-C2-C7-环烷基氨基羰基或C2-C4-烷氧羰基或N-杂芳基;
如果基团A3不代表氮,则R3和R4与它们所连接的碳一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的五元环或六元环,或者
R2和R3与它们所连接的碳一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的六元环;
M1和M2各相互独立地代表氢、C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、氰基或氰基-C1-C2-烷基,或者
M1和M2与它们所连接的碳原子可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0、1或2个氧原子和/或0、1或2个硫原子的任选取代的三元环、四元环、五元环或六元环;
M3代表氢、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C7-环烷基、C1-C6-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷氧羰基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基或杂芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基,
W1和W2相互独立地代表氧或硫;
p可以取值1,
Q代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、C1-C5-杂环烷基、C1-C4-烷氧基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷基醛、C1-C6-羟烷基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基,代表甲酰基、羟基、卤素、氰基、芳基、杂芳基,或者代表基团OR7、SR7、NR6R8,其中,
R6代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、芳基、杂芳基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基;
R7选自任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基;
R8选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基;
其中,
Z1和Z2相互独立地代表氢、卤素、氰基、硝基或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、N,N-二-(C1-C6)-烷基氨基、-S(O)2NR13R14、-S(O)nR15、-S(O)(=NR16)R17,或者代表任选取代的苯基或吡啶基;
Z5代表氢、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基或任选取代的苯基或吡啶基;
R13选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、芳基或杂芳基之一;
R14选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基之一;
R15选自任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、芳基或杂芳基;
R16选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、氰基或硝基之一;且
R17选自氢,任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基、芳基或杂芳基。
2.如权利要求1所述的通式(Ia)的化合物,
其中,
R1代表氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、2-丁炔、异丁基、仲丁基、叔丁基、甲氧甲基、乙氧甲基、丙氧甲基、甲基羰基、乙基羰基、正丙基羰基、烯丙基、炔丙基、异丙基羰基、仲丁基羰基、叔丁基羰基、甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、正丙氧羰基、异丙氧羰基、仲丁氧羰基、叔丁氧羰基、氰甲基、2-氰乙基;
A1代表CR2,
A2代表CR3,
A3代表CR4,且
A4代表CR5,其中
R2、R3和R5相互独立地代表氢、氟、氯、溴、CN、NO2、甲基、乙基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、1-甲基乙氧基、氟代甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、氯代二氟甲氧基、二氯氟代甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙氧基、五氟乙氧基、甲基磺酰基、甲基亚磺酰基、三氟甲基磺酰基、三氟甲基亚磺酰基和N-环丙氨基羰基;
R4代表氢、氟、氯、溴、CN、NO2、甲基、乙基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、1-甲基乙氧基、氟代甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、氯代二氟甲氧基、二氯氟代甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙氧基、五氟乙氧基、甲基磺酰基、甲基亚磺酰基、三氟甲基磺酰基、三氟甲基亚磺酰基、N-环丙氨基羰基和N-三唑基;
R3和R4与它们所连接的碳一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的六元环,或者
R2和R3与它们所连接的碳一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的六元环;
M1代表氢,
M2代表氢、C1-C3-烷基、C2-C3-烯基、C2-C3-烷氧羰基、氰基或氰基-C1-C2-烷基,
M3代表氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、甲氧甲基、烯丙基或氰甲基;
W1和W2各自代表氧;
p可以取值1,
Q代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、C1-C5-杂环烷基、C1-C4-烷氧基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷基醛,C1-C6-羟烷基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、氰基、芳基、杂芳基,或者代表基团OR7、SR7或NR6R8,其中
R6代表氢或C1-C3-烷基;
R7选自任选取代的基团C1-C4-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基或C3-C6-环烷基;
R8代表氢;
其中,
Z1和Z2相互独立地代表氢、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基或任选取代的基团C1-C4-烷基、C1-C4-烯基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C4-烷硫基、C1-C4-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4-烷基磺酰基;
Z5代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C4-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C3-C4-环烷基或C1-C3-烷氧基。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的式(Ia)的化合物,
其中,
R1代表氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、2-丁炔、异丁基、仲丁基、甲氧甲基、乙氧甲基、甲基羰基、乙基羰基、烯丙基、炔丙基、异丙基羰基、甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、异丙氧羰基、氰甲基、2-氰乙基;
A1代表CR2,
A2代表CR3,
A3代表CR4,且
A4代表CR5,且其中
R2代表氢或氯,
R3、R4和R5相互独立地代表氢、氟、氯、溴、甲基或乙基,
M1代表氢;
M2代表氢或甲基;
M3代表氢;
W1和W2各自代表氧;
p可以取值1,
Q代表氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、叔丁基、1-甲基乙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、1-甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、2-羟乙基、氰甲基、2-氰乙基、3-氰丙基、1,1-二氟甲基、三氟甲基、2-氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、氯甲基、1-氯乙基、2-氯乙基、3-氯丙基、2,2-二氟丙基、环丙基、1-甲基环丙基、1-氰基环丙基、2-甲基环丙基、环丙基甲基、2,2-二氯环丙基、2,2-二氯-1-甲基环丙基、2,2-二氯环丙基、2-氟环丙基、1,1’-双(环丙基)-1-基、(2,2-二氟环丙基)甲基、环丁基、3-乙基氧杂丁环-3-基、环戊基、环戊基甲基、1-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)甲基、(2-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)甲基、四氢呋喃-2-基甲基、环己基、2-三氟甲基环己基、3-三氟甲基环己基、4-三氟甲基环己基、2-氯环己基、3-氯环己基、4-氯环己基、5-甲基-1,3-二噁烷-5-基、1-乙酰基哌啶-4-基、1-甲基哌啶-4-基、丙-1-烯-1-基、1-甲基丙-1-烯-1-基、2-甲基丙-1-烯-1-基、丙-2-烯基、丁-2-烯-1-基、3-甲基丁-1-烯-1-基、丙-1-炔-1-基、(4-甲基-1,2,5-噁二唑-3-基)甲基、(3,5-二甲基-1,2-噁唑-4-基)甲基、1H-四唑基-5-基甲基、(5-甲基-2-噻吩基)甲基、2-呋喃基甲基、(3-甲基-1,2-噁唑-5-基)甲基、3-噻吩基甲基、苄基、4-氯苄基、3-氯苄基、2-氯苄基、1-(4-氯苯基)乙基、1-(4-甲基苯基)乙基、1-(3-氯苯基)乙基、1-(2-氯苯基)乙基、1-(4-氯苯基)环丙基、嘧啶-2-基甲基、甲氧基、(甲硫基)甲基、(甲基亚磺酰基)甲基、(甲基磺酰基)甲基、苯基、2-氯苯基、3-氯苯基、4-氯苯基、2-三氟甲基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、3-氯代吡啶-4-基、2-氯代吡啶-4-基、2-甲基吡啶-4-基、6-甲基吡啶-3-基、5-氯代吡啶-3-基、4-氯代吡啶-3-基、嘧啶-5-基、(6-氯代吡啶-3-基)甲基、甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、N-甲基甲酰胺、N-乙基甲酰胺、N-环丙基甲酰胺、N-环丙基甲基甲酰胺、3-甲氧基-3-氧代丙酰基、3-(甲胺基)-3-氧代丙酰基、3-(环丙基氨基)-3-氧代丙酰基、3-(环丙基甲胺基)-3-氧代丙酰基;
Z1代表1-氯环丙基、三氟甲基或五氟乙基,且
Z2代表氯或三氟甲基;且
Z5代表甲基或乙基。
4.如权利要求1-3所述的式(Ia)的化合物,
其中,
R1代表氢、甲基、乙基、氰甲基;
A1代表CR2,
A2代表CR3,
A3代表CR4,且
A4代表CR5,且其中,
R2代表氢,
R3和R5相互独立地代表氢、氟、氯,
R4代表氢、氟、氯或溴,
M1代表氢;
M2代表氢;
M3代表氢;
W1和W2各自代表氧;
p可以取值1,
Q代表氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、正丁基、叔丁基、1-甲基乙基、1,1-二甲基乙基、1-甲基丙基、1,1-二甲基丙基、2-甲基丙基、2-甲基丁基、3-甲基丁基、2-羟乙基、氰甲基、2-氰乙基、3-氰丙基、1,1-二氟甲基、三氟甲基、2-氟乙基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、氯甲基、1-氯乙基、2-氯乙基、3-氯丙基、2,2-二氟丙基、环丙基、1-甲基环丙基、1-氰基环丙基、2-甲基环丙基、环丙基甲基、2,2-二氯环丙基、2,2-二氯-1-甲基环丙基、2,2-二氯环丙基、2-氟环丙基、1,1’-双(环丙基)-1-基、(2,2-二氟环丙基)甲基、环丁基、3-乙基氧杂丁环-3-基、环戊基、环戊基甲基、1-(环戊-1-烯-1-基)甲基、(2-甲基-1,3-二氧戊环-2-基)甲基、四氢呋喃-2-基甲基、环己基、2-三氟甲基环己基、3-三氟甲基环己基、4-三氟甲基环己基、2-氯环己基、3-氯环己基、4-氯环己基、5-甲基-1,3-二噁烷-5-基、1-乙酰基哌啶-4-基、1-甲基哌啶-4-基、丙-1-烯-1-基、1-甲基丙-1-烯-1-基、2-甲基丙-1-烯-1-基、丙-2-烯基、丁-2-烯-1-基、3-甲基丁-1-烯-1-基、丙-1-炔-1-基、(4-甲基-1,2,5-噁二唑-3-基)甲基、(3,5-二甲基-1,2-噁唑-4-基)甲基、1H-四唑基-5-基甲基、(5-甲基-2-噻吩基)甲基、2-呋喃基甲基、(3-甲基-1,2-噁唑-5-基)甲基、3-噻吩基甲基、苄基、4-氯苄基、3-氯苄基、2-氯苄基、1-(4-氯苯基)乙基、1-(4-甲基苯基)乙基、1-(3-氯苯基)乙基、1-(2-氯苯基)乙基、1-(4-氯苯基)环丙基、嘧啶-2-基甲基、甲氧基、(甲硫基)甲基、(甲基亚磺酰基)甲基、(甲基磺酰基)甲基、苯基、2-氯苯基、3-氯苯基、4-氯苯基、2-三氟甲基苯基、3-三氟甲基苯基、4-三氟甲基苯基、2-甲基苯基、3-甲基苯基、4-甲基苯基、吡啶-2-基、吡啶-3-基、吡啶-4-基、3-氯代吡啶-4-基、2-氯代吡啶-4-基、2-甲基吡啶-4-基、6-甲基吡啶-3-基、5-氯代吡啶-3-基、4-氯代吡啶-3-基、嘧啶-5-基、(6-氯代吡啶-3-基)甲基、甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、N-甲基甲酰胺、N-乙基甲酰胺、N-环丙基甲酰胺、N-环丙基甲基甲酰胺、3-甲氧基-3-氧代丙酰基、3-(甲胺基)-3-氧代丙酰基、3-(环丙基氨基)-3-氧代丙酰基、3-(环丙基甲胺基)-3-氧代丙酰基;
Z1代表1-氯环丙基、三氟甲基或五氟乙基,且
Z2代表氯或三氟甲基;且
Z5代表甲基或乙基。
5.式(III)的化合物
其中,
R1代表氢,任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C7-环烷基、C1-C6-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷氧羰基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基或杂芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基,
化学基团
A1代表CR2或氮,
A2代表CR3或氮,
A3代表CR4或氮,且
A4代表CR5或氮,
但是,其中化学基团A1-A4中不多于3个同时代表氮;
R2、R3、R4和R5相互独立地代表氢、卤素、CN、NO2、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基氨基、N,N-二-C2-C6-烷基氨基、N-C2-C7-烷基氨基羰基、N-C2-C7-环烷基氨基羰基、C2-C4-烷氧羰基、芳基、杂芳基或N-杂芳基;
如果基团A2和A3都不代表氮,则R3和R4与它们所连接的碳原子一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的五元环或六元环,或者
如果基团A1和A2都不代表氮,则R2和R3与它们所连接的碳原子一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子的五元环或六元环;
T代表(T-6),
其中,
Z1代表氢、卤素、氰基、硝基、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、N,N-二-(C1-C6)-烷基氨基、-C(=W)NR11R10、-C(=W)OR12、-S(O)2NR13R14、-S(O)nR15、-S(O)(=NR16)R17或任选取代的苯基或吡啶基;
Z2代表C1-C6-卤代烷基;
Z5代表氢、任选取代的C1-C6-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C6-烷氧基、C1-C6-卤代烷氧基、C1-C6-烷硫基、C1-C6-卤代烷硫基、C1-C6-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C6-烷基磺酰基、C1-C6-卤代烷基磺酰基、N,N-二-(C1-C6)-烷基氨基、-C(=W)NR11R10、-C(=W)OR12、-S(O)2NR13R14、-S(O)nR15、-S(O)(=NR16)R17或任选取代的苯基或吡啶基;
R10选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基和C2-C7-烷氧羰基;
R11选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基和C2-C7-烷氧羰基、芳基或杂芳基;
R12选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-卤代烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基、芳基或杂芳基;
R13选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基和C2-C7-烷氧羰基、芳基或杂芳基;
R14选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基;
R15选自任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基和C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、芳基或杂芳基;
R16选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C1-C6-卤代烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基烷基、C2-C7-烷基羰基、C2-C7-烷氧羰基、氰基或硝基;
R17选自氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C6-环烷基、C4-C7-烷基环烷基、C4-C7-环烷基、芳基或杂芳基;
n可以取值0、1或2;
Y代表CN或CH2NH2。
6.如权利要求5所述的通式(III)的化合物,
其中,
R1代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C6-烷基、C2-C6-烯基、C2-C6-炔基、C3-C7-环烷基、C1-C6-烷基羰基、C1-C6-烷氧羰基、氰基-C1-C2-烷基、芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基、杂芳基-(C1-C3)-烷基;
化学基团
A1代表CR2,
A2代表CR3,
A3代表CR4,且
A4代表CR5,
但是,其中化学基团A1-A4中不多于3个同时代表氮;
R2、R3和R5相互独立地代表氢、氟、氯、溴、CN、NO2、甲基、乙基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、1-甲基乙氧基、氟代甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、氯代二氟甲氧基、二氯氟代甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙氧基、五氟乙氧基、甲基磺酰基、甲基亚磺酰基、三氟甲基磺酰基、三氟甲基亚磺酰基和N-环丙氨基羰基;
R4代表氢、氟、氯、溴、CN、NO2、甲基、乙基、氟甲基、二氟甲基、三氟甲基、2,2,2-三氟乙基、甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、1-甲基乙氧基、氟代甲氧基、二氟甲氧基、氯代二氟甲氧基、二氯氟代甲氧基、三氟甲氧基、2,2,2-三氟乙氧基、2-氯-2,2-二氟乙氧基、五氟乙氧基、甲基磺酰基、甲基亚磺酰基、三氟甲基磺酰基、三氟甲基亚磺酰基、N-环丙氨基羰基和N-三唑基;
R3和R4与它们所连接的碳原子一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的六元环,或者
R2和R3与它们所连接的碳原子一起可以形成含有0、1或2个氮原子和/或0或1个氧原子和/或0或1个硫原子的六元环;
T代表(T-6),
其中,
Z1代表氢、氯、溴、碘、氰基、硝基,或任选取代的基团C1-C4-烷基、C1-C4-烯基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C3-C6-卤代环烷基、C1-C4-烷硫基、C1-C4-烷基亚磺酰基、C1-C4-烷基磺酰基,
Z2代表C1-C4-卤代烷基,
Z5代表氢或任选取代的基团C1-C4-烷基、C2-C4-烯基、C2-C4-炔基、C1-C4-卤代烷基、C3-C4-环烷基或C1-C3-烷氧基;
n可以取值0、1或2;
Y代表CN或CH2NH2。
7.如权利要求5或6所述的式(III)的化合物,其中,
R1代表氢、甲基、乙基、正丙基、异丙基、正丁基、2-丁炔、异丁基、仲丁基、甲氧甲基、乙氧甲基、甲基羰基、乙基羰基、烯丙基、炔丙基、异丙基羰基、甲氧羰基、乙氧羰基、异丙氧羰基、氰甲基、2-氰乙基;
化学基团
A1代表CR2,
A2代表CR3,
A3代表CR4且
A4代表CR5,
但是,其中化学基团A1-A4中不多于3个同时代表氮;
R2代表氢或氯,
R3、R4和R5相互独立地代表氢、氟、氯、溴、甲基或乙基,
T代表(T-6),
其中,
Z1代表三氟甲基或五氟乙基,且
Z2代表三氟甲基;
Z5代表甲基或乙基,
Y代表CN或CH2NH2。
8.权利要求1-4中任一项所述的式(Ia)的化合物用于防治昆虫、蛛形纲动物和线虫的用途。
9.药物组合物,其包含权利要求1-4中任一项所述的至少一种化合物。
10.权利要求1-4中任一项所述的化合物作为药物的用途。
11.权利要求1-4中任一项所述的通式(I)的化合物和权利要求7所述的化合物用于制备防治动物寄生虫的药物组合物的用途。
12.用于制备包含权利要求1-4中任一项所述的通式(I)的化合物和常用增量剂和/或表面活性剂的作物保护组合物的方法。
13.防治害虫的方法,其特征在于,使权利要求1-4中任一项所述的通式(I)的化合物作用于害虫和/或其栖息地。
14.权利要求1-4中任一项所述的通式(I)的化合物用于保护植物的繁殖材料、特别是种子的用途。
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CN109071444A (zh) * | 2016-03-16 | 2018-12-21 | 拜耳作物科学股份公司 | 作为农药和植物保护剂的n-(氰苄基)-6-(环丙基-羰基氨基)-4-(苯基)-吡啶-2-羧酰胺衍生物及相关化合物 |
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EP2794573A1 (de) | 2014-10-29 |
EP2794573B1 (de) | 2017-08-30 |
ES2649403T3 (es) | 2018-01-11 |
BR112014014972A2 (pt) | 2017-06-13 |
CN104011026B (zh) | 2016-07-20 |
JP6062958B2 (ja) | 2017-01-18 |
US9204645B2 (en) | 2015-12-08 |
JP2015507619A (ja) | 2015-03-12 |
US20140371240A1 (en) | 2014-12-18 |
WO2013092522A1 (de) | 2013-06-27 |
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