CN103994928B - A kind of mechanics acoustics joint test method of rock orientation extrusion fracture process - Google Patents
A kind of mechanics acoustics joint test method of rock orientation extrusion fracture process Download PDFInfo
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- CN103994928B CN103994928B CN201410236260.9A CN201410236260A CN103994928B CN 103994928 B CN103994928 B CN 103994928B CN 201410236260 A CN201410236260 A CN 201410236260A CN 103994928 B CN103994928 B CN 103994928B
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Abstract
The mechanics acoustics joint test method of a kind of rock orientation extrusion fracture process, belongs to the physical mechanics behavioral study technical field of rock fracture process。The step of the present invention is: prepare rock sample, marks stress loading district, pastes foil gauge, and mounting ultrasonic is popped one's head in and acoustic emission sensor；Rock sample is placed in forcing press, between rock sample and pressure head, installs local loading briquetting, local loading briquetting and stress loading district align center additional；Start forcing press, carry out staged stress loading；Gather data signal by acoustic emission sensor, ultrasound probe, foil gauge, until directed macroscopic cracking occurs in rock sample, load and stop；Extract test data, carry out data analysis。The mode that the present invention is loaded by local orientation, the formation of Artificial Control macroscopic view fissure-plane, it is prevented effectively from the generation of many group macroscopic view fissure-planes and the generation of macroscopic cracking intersection compound phenomenon, provides possibility for the physical mechanics behavior in further study of rocks extrusion fracture process。
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the physical mechanics behavioral study technical field of rock fracture process, particularly relate to the mechanics acoustics joint test method of a kind of rock orientation extrusion fracture process。
Background technology
The physical mechanics behavior of study of rocks fracture process, all has a very important role to the prediction of earthquake, the study mechanism of earthquake and the inverting of rock structure stress field。
Present stage, carry out the physical and mechanical experiment of rock extrusion fracture in laboratory environments, be a kind of means of physical mechanics behavior as person skilled study of rocks fracture process。
Person skilled has carried out the ess-strain mechanical test that rock compressed breaks when single shaft and three axles, but experimentation always there will be the intersection compound phenomenon of many group macroscopic view fissure-planes and macroscopic cracking, this brings great inconvenience to the analysis of experimental result, it is impossible to rock extrusion fracture phenomenon is well described。
Owing to rock is in extrusion fracture process, it is usually associated with acoustic emission phenomenon, research shows, the acoustic signal sent in rock extrusion fracture process can explain the physical mechanics behavior of rock fracture process well, therefore person skilled determines acoustic testing method two kinds main, including acoustic emission detection method and supersonic testing method, be it will be seen that the damage development process of rock by acoustic emission detection method, interior change and the degree of injury of rock can well be characterized by supersonic testing method。
But, there is presently no a kind of effective method can be tested with acoustical testing is united by mechanical test simultaneously, and realize the generation of appearance and the macroscopic cracking intersection compound phenomenon avoiding many group macroscopic view fissure-planes in test process, wanting the physical mechanics behavior in further study of rocks extrusion fracture process, existing measuring technology temporarily also cannot meet this target。
Summary of the invention
For prior art Problems existing, the present invention provides the mechanics acoustics joint test method of a kind of rock orientation extrusion fracture process, by the mode that local orientation loads, the formation of Artificial Control macroscopic view fissure-plane, is prevented effectively from the generation of many group macroscopic view fissure-planes and the generation of macroscopic cracking intersection compound phenomenon；While carrying out mechanical test, synchronize to realize acoustical testing, provide possibility for the physical mechanics behavior in further study of rocks extrusion fracture process。
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that the mechanics acoustics joint test method of a kind of rock orientation extrusion fracture process, comprises the steps:
Step one: prepare rock sample, the length of rock sample, height, wide dimension scale are 3:2:1；
Step 2: marking stress loading district on two long × wide end surfaces of rock sample respectively, stress loading district is positioned at length × wide end surface center；
Step 3: paste foil gauge on long × high end face of rock sample；
Step 4: mounting ultrasonic probe on two high × wide end surfaces of rock sample, including ultrasonic emitting probe and ultrasound wave receiving transducer, ultrasonic emitting probe is positioned at a high × wide end surface center, and ultrasound wave receiving transducer is positioned at another height × wide end surface center；
Step 5: fixed sound emission sensor on the length × high end face of rock sample；
Step 6: rock sample is placed between seaming chuck and the push-down head of rock pressure machine, upper end local loading briquetting is installed additional between rock sample and seaming chuck, lower end local loading briquetting is installed additional, with the stress loading district align center of the length × wide end surface of rock sample while of upper end local loading briquetting, lower end local loading briquetting between rock sample and push-down head；
Step 7: start rock pressure machine, rock sample is carried out staged stress loading；Meanwhile, by acoustic emission sensor, acoustic emission signal is carried out continuous Real-time Collection, gather ultrasonic signal by ultrasound probe, gather strain signal by foil gauge, until directed macroscopic cracking occurs in rock sample, load and stop；
Step 8: extract test data, and the test data obtained are analyzed。
Described ultrasonic emitting is popped one's head in, is coupled by couplant between ultrasound wave receiving transducer and rock sample。
Described upper end local loading briquetting, lower end local loading briquetting are stiffness bearer, and its length is the half of rock sample length, and its width is equal with rock sample。
All adding anti-friction agent between described rock sample and upper end local loading briquetting, lower end local loading briquetting, anti-friction agent adopts poly tetrafluoroethylene or stearic acid synthesis anti-friction agent。
Between described upper end local loading briquetting and seaming chuck, balance bulb is installed。
Gathering ultrasonic signal by described ultrasound probe to need to carry out at stress loading step place, namely stress loading often increases one-level, just carries out a ultrasonic testing。
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The mode that the present invention can be loaded by local orientation, the formation of Artificial Control macroscopic view fissure-plane, it is prevented effectively from the generation of many group macroscopic view fissure-planes and the generation of macroscopic cracking intersection compound phenomenon；While carrying out mechanical test, synchronize to realize acoustical testing, provide possibility for the physical mechanics behavior in further study of rocks extrusion fracture process。
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the installment state schematic diagram in embodiment before rock sample test；
Fig. 2 is rock sample stress loading curve chart in embodiment；
Fig. 3 is strain and stress, ultrasonic velocity, acoustic emission umber of pulse graph of relation in embodiment；
In figure, 1 rock sample, 2 short grid foil gauges, 3 long grid foil gauges, 4 upper end local loading briquettings, 5 lower end local loading briquettings, 6 balance bulbs, 7 ultrasonic emitting probes, 8 ultrasound wave receiving transducers, 9 acoustic emission sensors, 10 seaming chucks, 11 push-down heads。
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail。
The mechanics acoustics joint test method of described rock orientation extrusion fracture process, comprises the steps:
Step one: prepare rock sample 1, its long, high, wide dimension scale is 3:2:1, and in the present embodiment, the length of rock sample 1, height, width are of a size of 200mm, 100mm, 50mm, the each end face of rock sample 1 needs to carry out polishing process, makes the Parallel errors of each two parallel end faces less than 0.02mm；
Step 2: mark stress loading district respectively on two long × wide (200mm × 50mm) end faces of rock sample 1, stress loading district is positioned at length × wide (200mm × 50mm) end face center；
Step 3: patch foil gauge on long × high (200mm × 100mm) end face for rock sample 1, foil gauge includes short grid foil gauge 2 and long grid foil gauge 3, short grid foil gauge 2 is for measuring the local train of rock sample 1 one, and long grid foil gauge 3 is for measuring the mean strain of rock sample 1 entirety；
Step 4: mounting ultrasonic probe on two high × wide (100mm × 50mm) end faces of rock sample 1, including ultrasonic emitting probe 7 and ultrasound wave receiving transducer 8, ultrasonic emitting probe 7 is positioned at high × wide (100mm × 50mm) end face center, and ultrasound wave receiving transducer 8 is positioned at another height × wide (100mm × 50mm) end face center；
Step 5: fixed sound emission sensor 9 on length × height (200mm × 100mm) end face of rock sample 1；
Step 6: rock sample 1 is placed between the seaming chuck 10 of rock pressure machine and push-down head 11, upper end local loading briquetting 4 is installed additional between rock sample 1 and seaming chuck 10, lower end local loading briquetting 5 is installed additional between rock sample 1 and push-down head 11, with the stress loading district align center of the length of rock sample 1 × wide (200mm × 50mm) end face the while of upper end local loading briquetting 4, lower end local loading briquetting 5, as shown in Figure 1；
Step 7: starting rock pressure machine, rock sample 1 is carried out staged stress loading, loading gradient is 20KN, and loading speed is 1KN/s, as shown in Figure 2；Meanwhile, by acoustic emission sensor 9, acoustic emission signal is carried out continuous Real-time Collection, gather ultrasonic signal by ultrasound probe, gather strain signal by foil gauge, until the macroscopic cracking of orientation occurs in rock sample 1, load and stop；
Step 8: extract test data, and the test data obtained are analyzed, by testing Plotting data strain and stress, ultrasonic velocity, acoustic emission umber of pulse graph of relation, specifically as shown in Figure 3。
In order to reduce test error, improve measuring accuracy, described ultrasonic emitting probe 7, coupled by couplant between ultrasound wave receiving transducer 8 and rock sample 1。
Described upper end local loading briquetting 4, lower end local loading briquetting 5 are stiffness bearer, and its length is the half of rock sample 1 length, and its width is equal with rock sample 1, and its effect is the formation controlling macroscopic cracking。
In order to reduce the friction between rock sample 1 and upper end local loading briquetting 4, lower end local loading briquetting 5, reduce the friction interference to acoustic emission signal, all adding anti-friction agent between described rock sample 1 and upper end local loading briquetting 4, lower end local loading briquetting 5, anti-friction agent adopts poly tetrafluoroethylene or stearic acid synthesis anti-friction agent。
In order to ensure the stress balance of rock sample 1, balance bulb 6 is installed between described upper end local loading briquetting 4 and seaming chuck 10。
In order to prevent interfering of acoustic emission signal and ultrasonic signal, gathering ultrasonic signal by described ultrasound probe needs to carry out at stress loading step place, and namely stress loading often increases one-level, just carries out a ultrasonic testing。
Scheme in embodiment is also not used to the scope of patent protection of the restriction present invention, and all equivalences done without departing from the present invention are implemented or change, and are both contained in the scope of the claims of this case。
Claims (5)
1. the mechanics acoustics joint test method of a rock orientation extrusion fracture process, it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
Step one: prepare rock sample, the length of rock sample, height, wide dimension scale are 3:2:1；
Step 2: marking stress loading district on two long × wide end surfaces of rock sample respectively, stress loading district is positioned at length × wide end surface center；
Step 3: paste foil gauge on long × high end face of rock sample；
Step 4: mounting ultrasonic probe on two high × wide end surfaces of rock sample, including ultrasonic emitting probe and ultrasound wave receiving transducer, ultrasonic emitting probe is positioned at a high × wide end surface center, and ultrasound wave receiving transducer is positioned at another height × wide end surface center；
Step 5: fixed sound emission sensor on the length × high end face of rock sample；
Step 6: rock sample is placed between seaming chuck and the push-down head of rock pressure machine, upper end local loading briquetting is installed additional between rock sample and seaming chuck, lower end local loading briquetting is installed additional, with the stress loading district align center of the length × wide end surface of rock sample while of upper end local loading briquetting, lower end local loading briquetting between rock sample and push-down head；Described upper end local loading briquetting, lower end local loading briquetting are stiffness bearer, and its length is the half of rock sample length, and its width is equal with rock sample；
Step 7: start rock pressure machine, rock sample is carried out staged stress loading；Meanwhile, by acoustic emission sensor, acoustic emission signal is carried out continuous Real-time Collection, gather ultrasonic signal by ultrasound probe, gather strain signal by foil gauge, until directed macroscopic cracking occurs in rock sample, load and stop；
Step 8: extract test data, and the test data obtained are analyzed。
2. the mechanics acoustics joint test method of a kind of rock orientation extrusion fracture process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described ultrasonic emitting is popped one's head in, is coupled by couplant between ultrasound wave receiving transducer and rock sample。
3. the mechanics acoustics joint test method of a kind of rock orientation extrusion fracture process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: all add anti-friction agent between described rock sample and upper end local loading briquetting, lower end local loading briquetting, anti-friction agent adopts poly tetrafluoroethylene or stearic acid synthesis anti-friction agent。
4. the mechanics acoustics joint test method of a kind of rock orientation extrusion fracture process according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: between described upper end local loading briquetting and seaming chuck, balance bulb is installed。
5. the mechanics acoustics joint test method of a kind of rock orientation extrusion fracture process according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: gathering ultrasonic signal by described ultrasound probe needs to carry out at stress loading step place, namely stress loading often increases one-level, just carries out a ultrasonic testing。
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Families Citing this family (11)
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| CN108240942A (en) * | 2016-12-26 | 2018-07-03 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | A kind of rock fracture experimental system and experimental method |
| CN107340229A (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2017-11-10 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of experimental provision and method for testing coal and rock dynamics |
| CN109142045A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2019-01-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of system and method detecting rock core destruction signals |
| CN107664662B (en) * | 2017-10-30 | 2023-12-22 | 西安交通工程学院 | Long-distance steel rail damage detector |
| CN107966364B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2019-12-27 | 河北工业大学 | Rock material fracture property identification method based on deformation test |
| CN108020269B (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2023-09-29 | 吉林大学 | Acoustic emission testing device for detecting bending cracks and fractures of shaft parts |
| CN108871984A (en) * | 2018-06-08 | 2018-11-23 | 清华大学 | Indentation test device and method based on load and deformation field measurement |
| CN110208053B (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2021-05-25 | 东北大学 | Method for manufacturing and loading layered rock sheet sample |
| CN111272565A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-12 | 大连理工大学 | Test method for detecting rock mechanical parameters |
| CN112595598A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-04-02 | 西安科技大学 | Inclined layered coal rock physical strength-sound-light-wave integrated testing device and method |
| CN113514313B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2024-01-26 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Device and method for preparing mudstone samples in batches |
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