CN103982323A - Negative-pressure engine - Google Patents
Negative-pressure engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103982323A CN103982323A CN201410203202.6A CN201410203202A CN103982323A CN 103982323 A CN103982323 A CN 103982323A CN 201410203202 A CN201410203202 A CN 201410203202A CN 103982323 A CN103982323 A CN 103982323A
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Abstract
The invention provides a negative-pressure engine which takes hot gas as power and converts heat into mechanical force in a negative pressure form to drive a bent axle to rotate. In a working process, a piston in a hot gas cylinder moves to suck outer hot gas into the hot gas cylinder; then the sucked hot gas is pushed into a cold gas cylinder immersed into cold water; an air valve is closed and the hot gas is cooled in the cold gas cylinder to generate negative pressure; the piston is pulled to move to drive the bent axle to rotate. The engine does not have ignition and combustion and does not consume heat energy. When the engine work, the needed hot gas can be water steam, smoke, combusted gas, underground hot gas and waste gas discharged by other engines. Only continuous hot gas supply and a lot of cooling water are needed. The engine can be used for environments including thermal power plants, nuclear power stations, large-shaped ships, heating boilers and the like. The engine is used for changing heat of the hot gas into effective mechanical force; meanwhile, the waste gas can be cooled and purified and the pollution to the atmosphere is reduced.
Description
Technical field
Negative pressure motor belongs to heat engine field, and heat engine is that the heat energy that fuel is produced becomes mechanical force, and bent axle or wheel shaft are rotated, the device of outputting power, and the heat engine kind of now having been invented has steamer, steam turbine, internal-combustion engine, turbo machine etc.
Background technique
The common ground of several motors is above all to take heat to be transformed into the mode of malleation be power.When gases are heated, they expand, produce after mechanical force, remaining hot air discharge in atmosphere.Because the thermal efficiency is low, in the past of energy abundance, bringing into play and acting on, can energy shortage, pollution of atmosphere serious but seem now that some has fallen behind, what have has been eliminated, what have is also being utilized, and owing to being difficult to accomplish the utilization to low-temperature heat quantity, and does not better invent current, these machines are still consuming mass energy now, discharge a large amount of hot gas and are polluting environment.
Will be smaller volume under atmospheric pressure when in fact hot gas disappears heat in atmosphere.People only know the utilization positive pressure that when gases are heated, they expand produces, do not notice that hot gas is discharged into volume while turning cold in atmosphere and can be retracted to original size, form negative pressure simultaneously, people cannot directly see the existence of this negative pressure, more do not expect this negative pressure is changed into effective mechanical force.
Summary of the invention
My the negative pressure motor of invention is to take hot gas as power, with the form of negative pressure, heat is transformed into the mechanical device that mechanical force band dynamic crankshaft rotates.Working procedure is the piston movement in hot cylinder, and extraneous hot gas is sucked to hot cylinder, then the hot gas sucking is pushed into the cold cylinder being immersed in cold water, closes valve, and hot gas is cooling generation negative pressure in cold cylinder, pulls piston movement, and band dynamic crankshaft rotates.This motor itself do not lighted a fire, burns, consumption of calorie not.During this engine operation, required hot gas can be the waste gas of the gas of water vapour, flue gas, burning, underground hot gas, other motor discharge etc.As long as have lasting hot gas supply and a large amount of cooling water.This motor can be used for the environment such as hot power station, nuclear power station, large ship, heating boiler.This motor has become the heat of hot gas into effective mechanical force, waste gas is lowered the temperature, is purified simultaneously, has reduced the pollution to atmosphere.
Negative pressure motor basic structure is that a hot cylinder and cold cylinder form, and hot cylinder is placed in the full hot gas of punching while working in hot gas case, during cold cylinder work, is immersed in cold water.
Air inlet open when piston moves downward in hot cylinder, hot gas enters hot cylinder.When piston moves upward in cylinder, turn tracheae and open and make hot gas proceed to cold cylinder.Hot gas, through cooling generation negative pressure, pulls piston to move downward generation power, and band dynamic crankshaft rotates, and hot cylinder sucks again hot gas and enters next circulation simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the first stage of negative pressure motor operation overall process.
In Fig. 1, the 1st, hot cylinder; The 2nd, cold cylinder; 3 between hot cylinder and cold cylinder reciprocating piston; The 4th, crankcase; The 5th, during work, the hot gas case of the full hot gas of punching, has device for cleaning pipeline to extraneous thermal source; The 6th, piston rod; The 7th, bent axle; The 8th, connecting rod; The 9th, turn tracheae, be again the path that hot cylinder is connected with cold cylinder, also play a part cooling; The 10th, seal ring; The 12nd, the thermal-protective material that piston is filled, prevents that heat runs off to cold cylinder from hot cylinder; The 13rd, the thermal insulating material of hot cylinder; The 14th, the hot cylinder forming with thermal-protective material and the connection cylinder between cold cylinder; The 15th, conversion valve inside; The 16th, conversion valve; The 17th, driving lever; The 18th, Returnning spring; The 22nd, from the one-way valve of cold cylinder discharge cold air; The 28th, cold air delivery pipe.In Fig. 2,19 is hot air intakes of being controlled by valve; The 20th, the cam of control valve; The 21st, with the camshaft of crankshaft-synchronous rotation; The 23rd, lead to extraneous hot gas duct.By several such structures, form a negative pressure motor.
Fig. 2 is the second stage of negative pressure motor operation overall process.
Fig. 3 is the phase III of negative pressure motor operation overall process.
Fig. 4 is the fourth stage of negative pressure motor operation overall process.
Fig. 5 is the schematic appearance of negative pressure motor, has shown the annexation of bent axle and camshaft.In figure, 24 is the sprocket wheels that are connected with bent axle 7, the 25th, and chain, the 26th, the sprocket wheel being connected with camshaft 21.
Fig. 6 is that negative pressure motor be take Fig. 1 as basic another kind of structural type, hot cylinder 1 and cold cylinder 2 are separated, and crankcase 4 has been designed in centre, respectively have a piston 3 in hot cylinder 1 and cold cylinder 2, by connecting rod 8, be connected with bent axle 7 respectively, this structure decrease hot cylinder to the heat of cold cylinder, run off.
Fig. 7 is the another kind of structural type of negative pressure motor, and not on an axis, this structural type is more suitable in the installation of the various occasions of negative pressure motor, use, maintenance for cold cylinder and hot cylinder.
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that negative pressure motor is arranged on power station.In figure 28 is cold air delivery pipes, the 32nd, and generator.The 23rd, the hot gas passage of connection power station offgas duct, hot gas is from power station.
Fig. 9 is the schematic top plan view that negative pressure motor is arranged on boats and ships, in figure, 40 is former motors, the 41st, former engine air inlet tube, the 42nd, negative pressure motor, the 2nd, negative pressure engine cold cylinder, the 28th, negative pressure motor cold air outlet pipe, the 43rd, propeller cavitation, the 23rd, former engine exhaust pipe and negative pressure engine thermal air pipe passway joint.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram that negative pressure motor replaces heating boiler, and its principle is also applicable to the boiler of thermoelectricity plant,
In figure, 2 is cold cylinders; The 4th, negative pressure engine crankcase; The 5th, hot gas case, is wherein equipped with hot cylinder; The 9th, turn tracheae; The 28th, cold air delivery pipe; The 30th, burner; The 31st, fuel tube; The 32nd, generator; The 33rd, heating hot-water line; The 35th, heating water return pipe; The 34th, heat exchanger; The 36th, the intake pipe of heat exchanger is also cold water pipe; The 37th, electric power output line.
Working principle:
Fig. 1-Fig. 4 is negative pressure motor movement process.
In Fig. 1: piston 3 moves downward under the promotion of bent axle 7, hot gas enters hot cylinder through hot air intake 19 from hot gas case, shown in arrow.
In Fig. 2: hot gas is full of hot cylinder, descent of piston arrives lower dead center under bent axle 7, sprocket wheel 24, chain 25, sprocket wheel 26, camshaft 21 actings in conjunction (as Fig. 7), cam 20 is stirred valve stem 17 rotates valve inside 15, close hot air intake 19, make hot cylinder 1 simultaneously and turn tracheae 9 open-minded, at this moment hot gas flows to cold cylinder 2 through turning tracheae 9.
In Fig. 3: at this moment bent axle rotates piston 3 is started upwards to pull continuously.When hot gas process turns tracheae 9, because hot gas is cooled under the effect of cold water, become cold air, smaller volume, forms negative pressure.Because at this moment hot cylinder and cold cylinder communicate, thus hot cylinder equate with the air pressure of cold cylinder, air current flow does not hinder, piston is unencumbered upwards operation also, shown in arrow.The hot gas of hot cylinder has been transferred to cold cylinder.
In Fig. 4: piston continues to be up to top dead center, at this moment in cold cylinder, form peak suction, shown in arrow, at this moment under bent axle, camshaft are controlled, cam turns to disengaging valve driving lever position, under the effect of Returnning spring, make valve inside rotate, open hot cylinder and hot air intake simultaneously, make hot gas enter hot cylinder, close the path that turns tracheae and hot cylinder, at this moment in cold cylinder, type becomes separate space, pulls piston to start to move downward and produce power to pull connecting rod and bent axle to rotate under atmospheric pressure.This is negative pressure motor workmanship's link, bent axle is rotated further under effect of inertia, piston continues descending, hot cylinder continues to suck hot gas (as Fig. 1), under piston continues, be about to the cold air that negative pressure fades away in cold cylinder and release cylinder body (as Fig. 2) through one-way valve, cold air delivery pipe, piston drives to lower dead center, hot cylinder has been full of again hot gas, under the effect of camshaft, valve has been closed again hot air intake, opened and turned tracheae, hot gas enters cold cylinder (as Fig. 3) by turning tracheae again, enters next circulation.It is exactly once to bent axle work done that piston often moves downward.Negative pressure motor is arranged in alternation on bent axle by organizing such cylinder block more, and motor just can ceaselessly rotate.
Embodiment
The performance of negative pressure motor:
Negative pressure engine operation principle is identical with internal-combustion engine, and process is contrary.
During internal combustion engine, cylinder sucks cold air and fuel, through igniting, burning, the generation malleation that expands, promotes piston acting, discharges hot gas, and power is from air expanded by heating.
During negative pressure engine operation, suck hot gas, meet cold contraction and produce negative pressure, pull piston acting, discharge cold air, power is from the pressure of earth atmosphere.Combustion fuel not during negative pressure engine operation, its power is from hot gas and cold water, its needed hot gas is that environment provides, the tail gas of the flue gas of discharging as the waste gas of the waste gas of power station, boiler, factory (through cleaning) and other motor discharge etc., more high-engine efficiency is higher for temperature.Its needed cold water can be fresh water, river, seawater etc., mobile water preferably, and temperature is more inefficient higher.
Hot gas shown in figure, the H/C of cold water is relative, fixed temperature not, the temperature difference of hot gas and cold water is larger, and engine power is larger, and the contrary temperature difference is less, and power is less.
Reason due to negative pressure engine mechanical structure and working principle, its energy is finally from the pressure of earth atmosphere, it does not have speed and the explosive force of other motor, and its performance characteristic, working environment and application are all not identical with other motor, exemplify following difference:
1, do not need fuel only to need hot gas during negative pressure engine operation, it can be the energy with the waste gas that other motor is discharged, and produces mechanical force and discharges cold air.
2, negative pressure motor can produce mechanical force in the place that can not produce mechanical force and consumption of calorie not, as: negative pressure motor replaces boiler, fuel is produced transfer of heat in water, produce mechanical force simultaneously.
3, other motor is due to the reason of technology and working principle, wasted most of heat, the thermal efficiency only has 15%-40%, and self consumption of calorie not during negative pressure engine operation, it is almost all transferred to the heat sucking in water and produces mechanical force simultaneously, and the thermal efficiency is more than 90%.
The application of motor:
Waste gas, tail gas that negative pressure motor can be used for hot power station generate electricity again, as Fig. 8.
Concrete grammar is the exhaust pipe of hot power station to be connected to the hot gas duct of negative pressure motor, and hot gas sucks by hot cylinder, then proceeds to the cooling generation power of cold cylinder, drives motor and generator, has realized the secondary electricity generation of power station.In working procedure, will have a large amount of cooling waters to cold cylinder and to turn tracheae cooling, cooling water will have circulation means, to improve the efficiency of motor.Each operation process of the original motor in power station will increase good thermal insulation apparatus, to guarantee that the tail gas supply negative pressure motor of higher temperature effectively generates electricity.
Negative pressure motor is the environment of applicable large ship:
Negative pressure motor can be placed in former motor position arranged side by side (as Fig. 9),
Negative pressure motor turn tracheae and cold cylinder is exposed in the seawater outside hull, negative pressure motor is independently provided with main shaft and propeller cavitation, and former waste pipe is communicated with the hot gas passage of negative pressure motor.When former engine operation, discharge the hot cylinder that a large amount of hot gas is inhaled into negative pressure motor, then proceed to cold cylinder generation negative pressure through turning tracheae, pull piston, bent axle to drive main shaft and propeller cavitation to rotate, jointly promote hull with original motor and advance.The seawater of hull outboard when advancing is to cold cylinder and turn tracheae and carry out well cooling.Utilize waste gas that the original motor of large ship discharges as the energy, the seawater of outboard of take advances as cooling water produces powered hull, and makes original motor save a large amount of fuel, and the waste gas of again former motor being discharged has carried out purification, cooling is processed.
Negative pressure motor can replace boiler heating, as Figure 10.
With negative pressure motor, replace original heating boiler (gas fired boiler), gas combustion apparatus is directly installed in negative pressure engine thermal gas tank 5, the hot gas case of negative pressure motor is directly heated in combustion gas.Heat exchanger 34 is connected on and turns in tracheae 9, the hot water supplying pipe 33 of original boiler is also connected in heat exchanger 34, the bent axle of negative pressure motor connects generator 32 by transmission device, the hot gas of burning directly enters hot cylinder through negative pressure engine intake, again through turning tracheae and heat exchanger 34 is passed to cold water heat, then turn cold gradually and enter cold cylinder generation power, through outlet pipe 28, discharge cold air.Cold water becomes high-temperature-hot-water 33 through over-heat-exchanger 34 by low temperature to be supplied with users and heats, and then becomes backwater 35 and gets back in water cooling pond, then enter heat exchanger and continue heating, enter next circulation.Under the front topic of do not increase at fuel, heating load not being lost, negative pressure motor has just produced power, has replaced heating boiler like this with negative pressure motor, in heating, can also generate electricity simultaneously.The waste gas that burning is produced has carried out again cooling, dust removal process.
Negative pressure motor also can be used for geothermal power generation.
Near bordering on the sea, select geothermal heat source, negative pressure motor is placed in seawater, BADIRE outlet is got up with pipeline and negative pressure motor, hot gas case UNICOM, the hot gas of underground heat enters negative pressure motor, cooling generation motivational drive negative pressure motor through seawater is used for generating electricity, as long as thermal source is continuous, electric power just offers user continually.
Negative pressure motor also can be used for offshore natural gas generating.
Offshore petroleum drilling is generally all attended by rock gas and produces, and rock gas is difficult to transportation, stores, and can only light emptying now, and this is significant wastage and the pollution to air of the energy.As being here installed, negative pressure motor can allow the natural gas straight of original emptying be connected in the hot gas case of negative pressure motor to burn, through the hot cylinder of negative pressure motor, turn tracheae and be immersed in the effect of the cold cylinder in seawater, the transfer of heat that makes hot gas is generated electricity to produced mechanical force in seawater simultaneously, then the electric power sending is offered to drill platform or transfers out.
Negative pressure motor is arranged on the effect of bringing into play in stove
In industrial production, having is now much the industry that is power by heating power, as Iron And Steel Plant, cement plant, glass factory etc.Their stove has consumed mass energy, and heavenwards gives off the waste gas that contains heat again simultaneously.In the exhaust ports of stove, install negative pressure motor and heat exchanger, the waste gas of stove is after over-heat-exchanger carries out dedusting, again the hot gas in waste gas is offered to negative pressure motor, negative pressure motor makes transfer of heat in hot gas recycle to produce mechanical force in cooling water simultaneously, and atmosphere has been reduced to hot air discharge.
Claims (1)
1. the technical characteristics of negative pressure motor is: a hot cylinder and a cold cylinder identical with stroke by diameter are one group, in cylinder, piston passes through connecting rod connection same bent axle separately, cold cylinder piston arrives lower dead center during hot cylinder piston arrives top dead center, cold cylinder piston arrives top dead center during hot cylinder piston arrives lower dead center, during work, hot cylinder is surrounded by hot gas, cold cylinder is immersed in cold water, suction port (reference character: Fig. 2 is arranged at hot cylinder top, 19), what communicate with cold cylinder top turns tracheae (reference character: Fig. 1, 9), can make to turn tracheae closes, suction port is open-minded, can make inlet close again, turn the conversion valve (reference character: Fig. 1 that tracheae is opened, 16), exhaust check valve is arranged at cold cylinder top, in hot cylinder, change valve-closing during piston arrives top dead center and turn tracheae, open suction port, hot cylinder piston downwards operation makes hot gas be inhaled into hot cylinder, in hot cylinder, change valve-closing suction port during piston arrives lower dead center, open and turn tracheae, upwards operation of piston in hot cylinder, make hot gas from hot cylinder, proceed to cold cylinder by turning tracheae, cold cylinder piston arrives lower dead center, conversion valve is closed again and is turned tracheae, opens suction port, hot gas is met cold generation negative pressure, pull cold cylinder piston upwards move and do work, the hot gas turning cold is discharged through one-way valve, hot cylinder sucks again hot gas simultaneously, bent axle often circles, and piston moves once up and down, and conversion valve is changed once, cold cylinder does work once.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410203202.6A CN103982323B (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2014-05-15 | Negative pressure motor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410203202.6A CN103982323B (en) | 2014-05-15 | 2014-05-15 | Negative pressure motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103982323A true CN103982323A (en) | 2014-08-13 |
| CN103982323B CN103982323B (en) | 2015-08-12 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112253328A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 北京力升高科科技有限公司 | High temperature resistant fire control smoke exhaust fan and fire-fighting robot |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4149370A (en) * | 1977-02-28 | 1979-04-17 | Eduardo Ayala Vargas | Self starting internal combustion engine with means for changing the expansion ratio |
| JPS61187564A (en) * | 1985-02-15 | 1986-08-21 | Katsuya Ito | Temperature difference engine |
| JP2007085322A (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2007-04-05 | Jun Kokuni | Capacity differential external combustion engine |
| CN201246230Y (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2009-05-27 | 占小玲 | Water hydrogen making multiple-fuel external combustion air engine |
| CN103485889A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-01-01 | 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 | Piston-type liquid acting internal combustion phase circulating engine |
-
2014
- 2014-05-15 CN CN201410203202.6A patent/CN103982323B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4149370A (en) * | 1977-02-28 | 1979-04-17 | Eduardo Ayala Vargas | Self starting internal combustion engine with means for changing the expansion ratio |
| JPS61187564A (en) * | 1985-02-15 | 1986-08-21 | Katsuya Ito | Temperature difference engine |
| JP2007085322A (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2007-04-05 | Jun Kokuni | Capacity differential external combustion engine |
| CN201246230Y (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2009-05-27 | 占小玲 | Water hydrogen making multiple-fuel external combustion air engine |
| CN103485889A (en) * | 2012-09-21 | 2014-01-01 | 摩尔动力(北京)技术股份有限公司 | Piston-type liquid acting internal combustion phase circulating engine |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112253328A (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-01-22 | 北京力升高科科技有限公司 | High temperature resistant fire control smoke exhaust fan and fire-fighting robot |
| CN112253328B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2023-02-28 | 北京力升高科科技有限公司 | High temperature resistant fire control smoke exhaust fan and fire-fighting robot |
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| CN103982323B (en) | 2015-08-12 |
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