CN103970920A - Earthquake emergency exercise virtual simulation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an earthquake emergency exercise virtual simulation system which comprises a database, a resource management subsystem connected with the database, an exercise scenario generation subsystem, a three-dimensional scene rendering subsystem, a modeling and simulation subsystem, an exercise recording and replaying subsystem, a virtual exercise evaluation subsystem, an immersive display and interaction subsystem connected with the three-dimensional scene rendering subsystem, and a multipoint audio communication subsystem connected with the three-dimensional scene rendering subsystem and the immersive display and interaction subsystem. The exercise scenario generation subsystem, the three-dimensional scene rendering subsystem, the modeling and simulation subsystem, the exercise recording and replaying subsystem and the virtual exercise evaluation subsystem are connected with the resource management subsystem. The earthquake emergency exercise virtual simulation system can be directly applied to activities like actual combat simulation exercise, emergency plan deduction and public science popularization of earthquake relief, reliable environment support is provided for emergency relief training, and data support is provided for earthquake relief related studies; due to rich software-hardware expansion interfaces, convenience is brought to the system for migration and expansion towards other emergency relief related fields; a vacancy in the field of international earthquake emergency relief is filled.

Description

Earthquake emergency rehearsal dummy emulation system

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of analogue system, relate in particular to a kind of earthquake emergency rehearsal dummy emulation system.

Background technology

Earthquake is as small probability event, and most of cadres and masses do not experience the own experience of earthquake.Owing to being subject to the restriction of various environmental factors, we also can not adopt the mode of realistic simulation, each can be placed oneself in the midst of in the true environment of earthquake disaster per capita, and sense of reality earthquake disaster is dangerous on the contrary sometimes, or even the environment of this reality cannot be provided at all.Be intended in recent years check the earthquake emergency rehearsal work of government emergency treatment procedures and reaction capacity to cause the generally attention of governments at all levels and relevant department, but this live simulation rehearsal relate to department many, organize difficulty greatly, funds demand is high.Can not become the rehearsal mode of normality.For this reason, some departments take " desktop rehearsal " form to deduce the contingency operation of prediction scheme and supposition.The mode of this " empty talk ", due to convenient, economical and practical, the flexible form of tissue, is widely adopted within the specific limits.But because " desktop rehearsal " cannot provide relatively real disaster scene and lively emergent background information, authenticity is poor, and confidence level is lower.

Mutually stacking due between the on-the-spot irregular construction of structures of eaerthquake damage, cover, intert and involve, its structure is extremely complicated, utilize the advanced technology of computer simulation reality, create a kind of very dangerous, approach real virtual earthquake disaster site environment, first be exactly the mass data processing problem in the Computing of knack solution, current software still not exclusively possesses such function, even if possess certain function, also need high-end hardware device to be propped up skill, O&M cost is high, the extendability of existing software engineering interface is poor, the suitable height of cost of secondary development, general cost of development is all with carrying out charging second, lack application and popularization value.

The mode of rehearsal has two kinds at present, a kind of combat exercise, and a kind of is desktop rehearsal.Earthquake emergency rescue combat exercise, preliminary preparation department complicated, that relate to is many, tissue is difficult, expense ruins scene construction is high, greatly dangerous.Desktop rehearsal refers to that the personnel of taking part in a performance utilize the supplementary meanss such as map, sand table, process flow diagram, computer simulation, video conference, for the rehearsal sight of prior supposition, and the process of the emergent decision-making of the deduction of discussion and site disposal.This mode is simply applicable, but authenticity is poor, and confidence level is lower, is difficult to transfer student's participation interest.

Therefore, need to set up a virtual earthquake disaster site environment true to nature, that there is feeling of immersion, really accomplish " see scene, make decision ", the problem of organizing and coordinating and the too high difficult problem of funds of avoiding combat exercise to bring, meanwhile, trainee can realize man-machine interaction, strengthens the drilling system of the sense of reality and presence, can overcome again the problem that in prior art, software and hardware exists, but in prior art, have no report.

Summary of the invention

For solving deficiency of the prior art, the object of the invention is to provide a kind of earthquake emergency rehearsal dummy emulation system.

The present invention is for achieving the above object, the technological means adopting is: a kind of earthquake emergency rehearsal dummy emulation system, comprise database, the Resource Manager Subsystem in connection data storehouse, the rehearsal of connection resource ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM prefers generation subsystem, three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, modeling and simulation subsystem, rehearsal record and review subsystem, virtual rehearsal evaluation subsystem, and connect immersing demonstration and interactive subsystem and being connected three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem of three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, immerse the multi-point audio communication subsystem showing with interactive subsystem, described rehearsal prefers and generates subsystem to take unified conceptual description storehouse, field be background, in conjunction with physical environment data, carry out concept and prefer modeling, then concept scenario model is by earthquake disaster scenario editor, and binding entity model data, is mapped to the simulation scenario model that can move and carries out simulation run, described immerse show with interactive subsystem directly and trainee mutual, make trainee can access telepresenc on the spot in person, and Real-time Collection is from trainee's interactive action, and interactive action information passed to three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, described three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem real-time rendering goes out the buildings distribution range of different destructiveness, the various states of collapsed building, the generation evolution of seismic secondary disaster, different virtual role's action situation, and pass to immerse and show with interactive subsystem and present to trainee, reception is from trainee's interactive action information, and makes in real time response, the needed various models of modeling and simulation subsystem generating virtual rehearsal, and these models of real time execution, the result of model running is submitted to three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, and receive the Real-time Feedback information of three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, according to feedback information, set up new model running result, then submit in real time three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, virtual rehearsal record and review subsystem records trainee's rehearsal process, and stores in database by Resource Manager Subsystem, or the trainee who proposes to store drills process playback, the information that described virtual rehearsal evaluation subsystem basis prefers, is assessed trainee's ability specific reacting of preferring with trainee, automatically appraises or assessment experts evaluation.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention can directly apply to the activities such as live simulation rehearsal, emergency preplan deduction and public's Popular Science Education of earthquake rescue, for emergency management and rescue training provides reliable Environmental support, for earthquake rescue correlative study provides data supporting; Abundant software and hardware expansion interface is provided, has facilitated system to other emergency management and rescue association area migrations, expansion; Fill up a blank in International Seismic emergency management and rescue fields, further widened the scope of virtual reality applications.

Figure of description

Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.

Fig. 1 is system chart of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is that rehearsal of the present invention prefers generation subsystem frame diagram.

Embodiment

A kind of earthquake emergency rehearsal dummy emulation system, comprise database, the Resource Manager Subsystem in connection data storehouse, the rehearsal of connection resource ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM prefers generation subsystem, three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, modeling and simulation subsystem, rehearsal record and review subsystem, virtual rehearsal evaluation subsystem, and connect immersing demonstration and interactive subsystem and being connected three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem of three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, immerse the multi-point audio communication subsystem showing with interactive subsystem, described rehearsal prefers and generates subsystem to take unified conceptual description storehouse, field be background, in conjunction with physical environment data, carry out concept and prefer modeling, then concept scenario model is by earthquake disaster scenario editor, and binding entity model data, is mapped to the simulation scenario model that can move and carries out simulation run, described immerse show with interactive subsystem directly and trainee mutual, make trainee can access telepresenc on the spot in person, and Real-time Collection is from trainee's interactive action, and interactive action information passed to three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, described three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem real-time rendering goes out the buildings distribution range of different destructiveness, the various states of collapsed building, the generation evolution of seismic secondary disaster, different virtual role's action situation, and pass to immerse and show with interactive subsystem and present to trainee, reception is from trainee's interactive action information, and makes in real time response, the needed various models of modeling and simulation subsystem generating virtual rehearsal, and these models of real time execution, the result of model running is submitted to three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, and receive the Real-time Feedback information of three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, according to feedback information, set up new model running result, then submit in real time three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, virtual rehearsal record and review subsystem records trainee's rehearsal process, and stores in database by Resource Manager Subsystem, or the trainee who proposes to store drills process playback, the information that described virtual rehearsal evaluation subsystem basis prefers, is assessed trainee's ability specific reacting of preferring with trainee, automatically appraises or assessment experts evaluation.

Described database is for case and the data of storage system, in the process of system operation, can carry out constantly the data in calling data storehouse, in system, have a large amount of data to need dynamic management, mainly comprise two aspects: the condition of a disaster data that 1) various approach are collected and the condition of a disaster data analysis is arranged after intermediate data; 2) emergently deduce the needed various videos of drilling system, picture, sound and textual materials data, and exercise question, user, answer result data in exam pool.

The data analysis of described Resource Manager Subsystem has adopted the data mining technology of magnanimity information, and the earthquake situations data analysis collected is arranged, and key message is wherein extracted, classified; Subsystem adopts MySQL database to carry out data management, MySQL not only supports multi-platform, also have without normal form requirement, the SQL Structured Query Language (SQL) of employing standard, support greatly to advantages such as the binary data of 2GB and the inquiries of distribution optimization multi thread having more outstanding performance aspect the security of management data, stability.The data that need to manage mainly comprise following several respects: (1) earthquake situations information data, (2) earthquake situations intermediate analysis result data, (3) earthquake ABC data, (4) ABC data are deduced in earthquake emergency, (5) shake number of cases certificate, (6) test item bank, the video of (7) earthquake field, picture, sound, text material data.

Described Resource Manager Subsystem, according to the difference of data type and use-pattern, manages data with Relational Data Base Management and two kinds of modes of file data library management:

One, Relational Data Base Management

Relational database is used for the info class data in management system, comprises earthquake situations information, ABC, deduction knowledge, personnel's account information, shake example, examination question data.

1) personnel's account management

In rehearsal process, different users of service has different accounts.Data management system will realize the management to trainee's accounts information, adds, deletes, revises account etc.Also to realize the management to each account specifying information, such as landing time, log in number of times etc.

(2) earthquake situations information management

(3) earthquake ABC management

(4) information management is deduced in earthquake emergency

(5) test question information management

(6) user drills object information management

Two, file data library management

LDAP (LDAP, Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) realizes providing the information service that is called as directory service.Directory service is a kind of special Database Systems, and it is browsed with search operation and carried out specific optimization specially for reading.Catalogue is generally used for comprising descriptive, and the information based on attribute is also supported the filtration capacity of elaborate.Catalogue is not generally supported complicated transaction management or the backrush strategy that Universal Database needs for a large amount of renewal operating operations.The renewal of directory service is generally all very simple.This catalogue can be stored various information such as comprising personal information, web link, jpeg image.In order to access the information being stored in catalogue, just need to run on the access protocal-LDAP on TCP/IP.Information in ldap directory is according to tree tissue, and specifying information is stored in the data structure of entry (entry).The record entry that entry is equivalent to show in relational database is the attribute (Attribute) with difference name DN (Distinguished Name), DN is used for quoting entry, and DN is equivalent to the key word (PrimaryKey) in relation database table.Attribute is comprised of type (Type) and one or more value (Values), the field (Field) being equivalent in relational database is comprised of field name and data type, be the needs for convenient search, Type in LDAP can have a plurality of Value, rather than for reducing each territory of the redundancy requirement realization of data, must be incoherent in relational database.

Described rehearsal prefers and generates subsystem is one of most important functional module in whole earthquake field rescue dummy emulation system, and this module energy assurance system has expandability in all many-sides such as earthquake scene, earthquake model, rescue aid, professional rescue personnel, drill plan and evaluation criterias.As when system need to increase earthquake scene, system manager only need to be by a generation module that prefers with graphic interface, prior generated earthquake scene is dragged and dropped in large earthquake environment, by rehearsal, prefers and generate new the preferring of management subsystem, and notify other modules.Like this, when rehearsal starts, trainee just can see and be mutual with new earthquake scene, and do not need to revise any system code.The process that increases a virtual victim is similar, does not need to revise any system code, directly by the visual editing interface that prefers, revises and generates new preferring, and by new preferring, controls new rehearsal process.Based on this, rehearsal prefers and generates subsystem is one of core of earthquake field rescue analogue system, is module direct and that system manager is mutual.In fact, in daily exercise management, system manager only need to prefer generation subsystem with rehearsal and come into contacts with, if need to revise three-dimensional scene models or device model or virtual rescue personnel's model, by system manager oneself or by other professional persons, revises.Managerial personnel need to revise the information such as virtual scene, virtual rescue personnel's information, virtual victim's quantity and position, all only need manipulation exercise to prefer generation subsystem.So rehearsal prefers generation subsystem need to be designed to patterned user interface, needs hardly to remember what order, directly just can complete great majority work by mouse drag and drop.

Rehearsal prefers Core Generator in order to realize above-mentioned task object, needs to meet following requirement:

The first, good dirigibility and expandability, provide patterned user interface, in preferring the process of establishment, avoided user's input code, they provide expander tool simultaneously, facilitate user to expand as required and prefer function, the abundant database that prefers Core Generator;

The second, realistic model meets distributed requirement, prefers the support that generation module inside provides bottom, facilitates user to quote;

The 3rd, good interactivity, in simulation run process, software provides interface facilitate user to revise and control;

The 4th, the model in preferring has the standard interface that meets DIS/HLA.

Rehearsal prefers generation subsystem and is divided into three levels, and various standards and the agreement of bottom make to prefer unified interface specification and describe; The Scenario method in middle layer, as set up the relation between realistic model, how task dispatching is described; High level is the application preferring, and for different backgrounds, customizes different scenario editors, and described middle layer will meet standard and the agreement that bottom proposes, and high-rise application will meet describing method and the interface in middle layer, so that information sharing.

In research process in the past, also has such defect: because the understanding to military mission and description lacks, Military Scenario is difficult to simulated developer and directly uses; Object understanding to User Exploitation emulation project is indefinite, has strengthened the possibility that causes the later stage to be done over again; Prefer the tight coupling with model, the model preferring by concrete is fettered, the scenario model reusability that simultaneously causes is very poor etc.In order to solve above problem, at the Mission Space Conceptual Model Research CMMS proposing with reference to the military of U.S. army, and after relevant achievement in research, set up a concept scenario Development stage previous stage that proposition is set up in simulation scenario, namely according to the conceptual description to combined operation, set up scenario model, i.e. concept scenario model.Concept scenario model is independent of concrete emulation, its foundation not only can improve the reusability preferring greatly, and be conducive to emulation technology personnel and army personnel effectively links up, make emulation object and demand can in concept prefers, obtain maximum embodiments, solve user and the mutual problem of simulating developer person.

With aforesaid Military application system, be contemplated that source, set up rehearsal prefer generate subsystem framework as shown in Figure 1, this module is first from emulation demand, take the unified conceptual description storehouse of association area as background is in conjunction with synthetic physical environment data, carries out concept and prefers modeling; Then concept scenario model is by simulation scenario editing machine, binding entity model data, these solid models can be virtual trainee or the virtual victims that virtual role maker generates, also can be virtual unit instrument, be mapped to the simulation scenario model that can move, finally carry out simulation run, obtain simulation result.What this scenario system was inputted is emulation demand, what export is simulation result, centre is scenario model and the related data in each stage, because these models and data are all consistent from start to end, centered by scenario model, thereby, being referred to as the consistent data model that prefers, it is the component model data that change into of a kind of demand and the description of relation thereof.

Rehearsal prefers and generates subsystem according to dividing by function and process, is divided into concept scenario editor, simulation scenario editing machine, distributed simulation operations manager:

(1) concept scenario editor

Concept scenario editor, the conceptual model of being responsible for preferring exploitation, it does not relate to concrete solid model.The exploitation that concept prefers is similar to plotting of military sketch, but it is not simply Military Scenario to be indiscriminately imitated, but to take earthquake field rescue prefer custom and the concept development of working specification in source carries out field, make to prefer description standard, formalization, unambiguity.

Its basis is the unified conceptual description storehouse of association area, and this is described storehouse and is equivalent to the AUTHORITATIVE DATA source that US military CMMS sets up.It comprises the information of describing entity, assembling the concept of the elements such as entity and process, and the possible state of these elements, task, event, behavior and performance, parameter and attribute etc. can be confirmed and describe to these information.Concept scenario model is exactly the relation of setting up these elements, constraint, allocating task etc.Its description comprises: scenario model hierarchical relationship, synthetic physical environment is described (geography information, terrestrial object information, atmospheric information, weather or weather etc.), participate in training entity and configuration, entity relationship, set of tasks etc.

The foundation of concept scenario model not only needs unified conceptual description as basis, but also will use the synthetic physical environment data that generated by environment editing machine.Concept prefers the stratification that scenario model is supported in modeling, supports collaborative modeling process, supports the coupling of scenario model etc., thereby meets the exploitation of extensive scenario model.

(2) simulation scenario editing machine

Simulation scenario model is directly used in simulation run, and simulation scenario editing machine is in charge of and is set up simulation run and prefers.The conceptual model that prefers of setting up above imports simulation scenario editing machine, and in simulation scenario, the main mapping of considering realistic model resource, makes conceptual model after having added necessary information, become can simulation run scenario model.Mapping comprises model class mapping, model parameter mapping, and duty mapping, relationship map, etc.

Simulation scenario modeling process has absorbed the feature that concept prefers modeling, and offer user and revise the function preferring, user not only can prefer and shine upon original concept, and can also carry out secondary modeling to scenario model, adds, deletes, revises original scenario model.And allow user directly to set up simulation scenario at this.

(3) simulation run time management device

Simulation run time management device, is responsible for the operation of control and management signal scenario simulation, and bottom is based on HLA/RTI.

Artificial resource administration and supervision authorities are important component parts of dummy emulation system, for resource service such as dummy emulation system supplies a model, data, this module bottom supports by Oracle9i, be in charge of comprise model bank, database, prefer storehouse, all kinds of basic resources such as scheme base and rehearsal enviroline.

(1) rescue outfit model bank

All kinds of rescue outfit models are preconditions that emergency relief work is efficiently carried out.Press the difference of model function, equipment model comprises entity, relation, environmental impact three class models.By function, divide, can be divided into several large classes such as simulation object model, equipment solid model, Effectiveness Evaluation Model, environment descriptive model, human behavior model, management control model, Comprehensive Analysis Model of Unit and Visualization Model.The construction of rescue outfit model bank, is exactly progressively to complete above-mentioned model construction, and is determining on the mode classification basis of model, and the maintenance and management means such as generation, assembling, modification, retrieval that comprise model are provided.

(2) multimedia database

The requirement preferring according to rehearsal before rehearsal, need to prepare a large amount of data, in rehearsal process, also can produce a large amount of data, also needs to preserve a large amount of data, so data are the bases of drilling emulation and rehearsal after having drilled.Certainly, these data are not single text data or list datas, but the multi-medium data that the medias such as figure, image, video, audio frequency and word form.Database is efficient and rational technological means and prerequisite of carrying out these multi-medium data utilizations.Therefore, we must just pay attention to the construction of collection management and database when system.

(3) rehearsal prefers storehouse

Rehearsal prefers the standardization description technique that storehouse prefers by rehearsal, and the typical case under multiple rehearsal pattern is preferred and carries out computerize and represent, to realize the automatic input of preferring of analogue system and to prefer, reuses.Rehearsal prefers storehouse and is in charge of rehearsal and prefers relevant various information and expression.

Preferring data is bases of Simulation Application system, prefers preferring of database storage " digitizing ", not only for user study provides typical case, prefers, and also will be convenient to prefer and cut out and reconstruct, mainly comprises following tables of data:

● prefer concordance list.Preservation prefers general picture data, is convenient to user and understands fast the summary preferring, and what when safeguard in the reconstruct that is mainly used in preferring, retrieval and storehouse, reference preferred chooses; Comprise and prefer code, prefer title, prefer description (research purpose preferring), rehearsal target, rehearsal personnel situation, rehearsal region, prefer formulation personnel, prefer and formulate the date, prefer demonstration document name etc.

● prefer context table.Preserve and relevantly to prefer background, prefer basic assumption, librarian use principle, rescue task etc. prefer content, wherein the normal every grade changing exists in table as single attribute, is convenient to revise, and seldom changes every concentrating in together, be convenient to reuse, in table, only retain concentrated filename; Mainly comprise and prefer code, personnel's scale of input, earthquake rescue attempt, prefer background multimedia file name.

● equipment list.The model of preservation equipment and quantity; Mainly comprise and prefer code, multi function parameter table.

● operational region and routing table.Preserve the key node coordinate of operational region, course of action; Mainly comprise and prefer code, numbering, node coordinate.

● rescue plan table.Embody chronological basic commander, rescue process, the unit of sending at first of a hold-over command in table, order final recruiting unit, middle command procedure is obtained by command relation;

● mainly comprise that preferring code, order numbering, order sends title, the action coordinates of targets that Unit code, order recruiting unit code, order send time, command context, action time, initial position, path number, action target.

● logistics support table.Quota of expenditure and the guarantee situation of the goods and materials of embodiment rescue unit, transportation, equipment.

Between each table, by preferring code, set up contact, prefer code unique identification and prefer.Preferring code sets up and to prefer concordance list and to prefer 1: 1 relation of context table, prefer concordance list with rescue personnel weaves into table 1: n relation, rescue strength is weaved into table and operational region and routing table 1: n relation, personnel weave into table and Operation Schedule 1: n relation, personnel weave into and show and logistics support table 1: n relation.

Prefer the management of database and maintenance module piece directly to database manipulation, complete database maintenance and assist and prefer cutting and reconstruct, other user's different rights of the various level of this module regulation, as browse storehouse, revise the structure of property value, additions and deletions record, modification table etc.

This module both can prefer storehouse by direct control, also can on plot, revise.For example, when the position attribution value of database personnel being weaved into Biao Mou action group is modified, on plot, the position of corresponding action group changes automatically; When directly weaving in table and delete after certain action group rescue personnel, its label disappears from plot automatically.

(4) rehearsal enviroline

Rehearsal environment comprises the various geomorphological features, personnel etc. of earthquake field.Rehearsal enviroline is the important information source of vision simulation and structure simulation.

(5) expert info storehouse

Expert info storehouse from seismological expert, structure expert, search and rescue the knowledge such as expert's equipment Specialist, medical first aid expert, logistics support expert and standardize to describe to make it to become and for the solution formulation of suing and labouring in rescue rehearsal, action, implement the aspects such as (search, rescue, medical treatment), grade estimation and technical criteria is provided and assesses foundation.

(6) storehouse is recorded in rehearsal

Rehearsal process is stored in database in the mode of tense connection event, forms rehearsal and records storehouse.The form that tense is connected in database with object occurs, for the ease of processing, time attribute should be as the key word of tense connection event, and with time attribute auto-sequencing.

As can be seen from the above, artificial resource has the features such as diversity, isomerism and distribution service of simulation, and the high-rise modeling method of necessary different forms builds with the service of simulation request of platform independence and describes standard; With formal artificial resource service description language (sdl), set up with the service of simulation of platform independence and describe standard; And the dynamic operation of realization to service of simulation.

This service of simulation is described and will be met on the one hand public service of simulation engine scheduling mechanism, will meet on the other hand the specific (special) requirements of foreign peoples's artificial resource.Therefore, we adopt the concept of service to be described the function of artificial resource, the difference of shielding artificial resource implementation, and different artificial resources is only to provide some functional interfaces of regulation, does not need to expose concrete content.

Described immerse show with interactive subsystem directly and trainee mutual, make trainee can access telepresenc on the spot in person, and Real-time Collection is from trainee's interactive action.These interactive information can pass to three-dimensional vision real-time rendering subsystem.

Immerse show with interactive subsystem directly and trainee mutual, make trainee can access telepresenc on the spot in person, and Real-time Collection is from trainee's interactive action.These interactive information can pass to three-dimensional vision real-time rendering subsystem, and three-dimensional vision real-time rendering subsystem real-time rendering goes out the vision tactile datas such as the buildings of virtual disaster field, destruction, virtual rescue aid, virtual rescue personnel, and performance is to trainee.This performance shows and interactive subsystem realization by immersing.On the other hand, three-dimensional vision real-time rendering subsystem also obtains the interactive information from trainee by immersing demonstration with interactive subsystem, and makes in real time response.Three-dimensional vision real-time rendering subsystem, the transmission sound producing in virtual environment to multi-point audio communication subsystem, shows to trainee by multi-point audio communication subsystem simultaneously.

Described three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem is the most complicated technology in building virtual environment, if segmentation can be divided into, sound is played up, terrain rendering, and physics is played up etc.Its final purpose is exactly the physical characteristics of simulate real world farthest.As cover a lot of starting material of house needs, we build house various materials organically need to be combined.When doing 3D figure with computer equally, also a lot of things are combined, and comprise three-dimensional modeling, material collocation, light effects, animation effect etc., it is exactly 3D render process that these things are reasonably combined in, and this process has been the most important link of earthquake disaster site environment.

VR-Platform VR-Platform

Virtual reality based on PC platform is made software VR-Platform (VRP), can be user ripe virtual reality emulation project solution is provided.

VRP be take VRP engine as core, derives the software platform of 5 relevant three-dimensional objects: VRP-IE three-dimensional network browser, VRP-BUILDER virtual reality editing machine, VRP-PHYSICS physical system, VRP-DIGICITY digital city platform, VRP-SDK secondary development tool bag.

VRP-IE three-dimensional network browser: editor's achievement of VRP-BUILDER is published to internet, and can allows user carry out browsing and interaction three-dimensional scenic by internet.

VRP-BUILDER virtual reality editing machine: the instrument of the model importing of three-dimensional scenic, later stage compilation, mutual making, special effect making, interface, packing and issuing.

VRP-PHYSICS physical system: the various physics motions of simulation that can be true to nature, realize as spontaneous phenomenons such as collision, gravity, friction, damping, gyro, particles, in algorithmic procedure in strict conformity with physical principles such as Newton's law, momentum conservation, kinetic energy conservations.

VRP-DIGICITY digital city platform: possess the specialized function of architectural design and city planning aspect, as data base querying, measurement in real time, intervisibility analysis, height control, layering demonstration, dynamic navigation, Sunlight Analysis etc.

VRP-SDK secondary development tool bag: the exploitation function library of C++ source code level is provided, and user can develop own needed efficient emulation software on this basis.

VRP-PHYSICS physical system has been used in earthquake disaster simulation modeling and reproduction, and simulant building thing or infrastructure are collapsed into different states under the effect of earthquake motion, the secondary disasters such as the fire that simulated earthquake causes, blast, poisonous and harmful substance leakage.Use VRP-BUILDER virtual reality editing machine as the instrument of the making of the model importing of earthquake disaster three-dimensional scenic, later stage compilation, interactive function, special effect making, interface, packing and issuing.While building virtual digit city, also use the virtual medium and small digital city of VRP-DIGICITY platform building.And follow-up development of virtual earthquake disaster emergency management and rescue disposal platform also needs to use VRP-IE three-dimensional network Development of Web Browser network cooperating rehearsal platform when existing function does not satisfy the demands, we also will use VRP-SDK secondary development tool bag, and exploitation meets the function of own demand.

VRP can utilize the illumination pinup picture that in 3dsMax, various overall light renderers generate, thereby makes scene have static effect of shadow very true to nature.The renderer of supporting comprises Scanline, Radiosity, Lighttracer, Lightscape, Finalrender, VRay, Mentalray etc.Meanwhile, the real-time material editting function that VRP has, can adjust every attribute of material, as color, Gao Guang, pinup picture, UV etc., to reach the effect of optimization.

VRP has used the various optimized algorithms in game, improves tissue and the rendering efficiency of large scale scene.No matter the importing and exporting of scene, real-time edition, or independent operating, its speed is obviously faster than some similar software.After tested, on a Geforce128M video card, the scene of 2,000,000, through Automatic Optimal, still can smooth be moved.With the demonstration that VRP makes, can operate in widely the hardware platform of various class, be particularly useful for Geforce and the civilian video card of Radeon series, also can move having in a large number on the common notebook of independent video memory.

In VRP, can adjust arbitrarily the three-dimensional coordinate of object, comprise translation, rotation, convergent-divergent and mirror image, and can copy object.The combination that we can put arbitrarily buildings, rescue aid, ruins in three-dimensional scenic is like this built etc.

VRP supports in good time navigation map, is expert under camera or flight camera state, by clicking any point on navigation map, can be switched to fast current camera perspective; Also support fixedly focus simultaneously, click a certain focus and also can be switched to fast current camera perspective.Therefore meet in earthquake disaster emergency drill platform, for the decision analysis in macroscopical scene, the demand that task is distributed.

The multi-channel module of VRP, can be in the LAN (Local Area Network) of hundred M, and the frame synchronization that realizes 32 main frames is the most nearly interconnected.All machines move same scene, by a server, can specify a display window for each client computer, and these display windows are stitched together, and can form a multichannel show surroundings.VRP frame synchronization efficiency is very high, and in the situation that machine performance is consistent, every machine all frame losing phenomenon can not occur, basically identical when refresh rate during networking operation (FPS) and unit operation.So on the one hand, when rehearsing in coordination, different team members moves different machines, can in a scene, drill, and not cause nonsynchronous picture simultaneously, supports better on the other hand the hyperchannel of 4D movie theatre annular curtain to show.

Described modeling and simulation subsystem, by emulation modelling method and the reproducing technology of earthquake disaster process, can reproduce the overall process and relative real disaster scene of disaster, more visually for related personnel provides a virtual earthquake site environment relatively true to nature.In described modeling and simulation subsystem, the three-dimensional modeling of virtual environment is the basis that whole three-dimensional vision generation system is set up, mainly comprise three dimensional vision modeling and three-dimensional sense of hearing modeling, the basis that is modeled as with 3D Studio MAX and Maya, import again in VR-Platform VR-Platform, thereby make the virtual scene of earthquake disaster.

Select 3D Studio MAX as earthquake disaster scene simulation modeling instrument, be mainly reflected in the following aspects:

(1) workflow pattern makes the coordination of working group easier, and efficiency is higher.3D Studio MAX R3 has introduced workflow pattern, introducing and present 3D MAX from external reference system (XRef), schematic views (Schematic View) in concrete realization can be used other programs to be controlled from outside, and needn't activate its working interface.

(2) improvement of ease for use.The improvement of operation interface is changing the most significantly of Release3.0 version, and except the variation of outward appearance, R3.0 version has also increased functions such as user-defined interface, grand record, plug-in code, conversion Gizmo, trace bar.

(3) improvement of playing up.Autodesk, inc. is purchasing to play up the Discreet Logic company well-known with video technique, absorbed the advanced technology of the said firm, 3D MAX R3 almost redesigns its renderer, has not only increased the speed of playing up, and has improved the quality that picture is played up.

(4) enhancing of modeling technique.The enhancing of modeling technique is most important, the most outstanding improvement of 3D Studio MAX, and this is also in virtual reality system builds, to apply its a strong reason.

Main improvement comprises:

1. subdivision curved surface technology (Subdivision Surface).3DS MAX has comprised subdivision curved surface technology, and subdivision curved surface technology has been the most popular modeling technique of industry since 1998, has greatly the gesture of the NURBS of catching up with and surpassing technology, and it is easier that it can make model set up, and better effects if.

2. flexible choice.Technique can " partly " be selected summit, thereby obtains smooth, soft effect when conversion summit, and this is very useful when setting up the model of complex object.

3. curved surface instrument and improved NURBS technology.Use curved surface instrument can produce very complicated " dough sheet " model, this is also a kind of important modeling method, and the NURBS technology in Release3.0 version not only speed is accelerated, and has increased a series of convenience, easy-to-use function.

(5) the better support to game.3D Studio MAX R3 has strengthened the support to game greatly, and these characteristics also can be for other occasions.

Increased role animation function.The function of making role animation that Release3.0 version is built-in, can conveniently make the action of personage or animal, the effect of soft object and deformation effect.The pinup picture coordinate function of vertex information and reinforcement.Now can be to vertex coloring, and increased the passage on summit, strengthen the function of UVW Unwarp, and increased World XYZ pinup picture coordinate.In addition, 3D Studio MAX R3 has also significantly strengthened animated function.

Visual modeling in three-dimensional modeling mainly comprises Geometric Modeling (Geometric Modeling), motion modeling (KinematicModeling), physical modeling (Physical Modeling), plant characteristic (Object Behavior) modeling and model cutting (Model Segmentation) etc.

One, Geometric Modeling: Geometric Modeling is described shape (polygon) triangle and summit and their appearance (texture, surface reflectance, color) of virtual objects.

1. object shapes

From the beginning object shapes (Object Shape) can create by PHIGS, Starbase or GL.XGL graphics library.But develop complete time-consuming taking a lot of work of three-dimensional artificial database, generally all will utilize certain modeling tool.The easiest is exactly to use traditional CAD software, as AutoCAD or 3D Studio, alternatively sets up object model.

2. object appearance

The appearance sense of reality of virtual objects depends primarily on its surface reflection and texture.In the past, the main way of an object sense of raising was the polygon that increases object.When needs real-time simulation, increase polygon and can make figure speed become slow.Modern Graphic hardware platform has real-time texture processing ability, allows two-dimentional view data to cover on polygon.This means and maintaining figure speed simultaneously, available a small amount of polygon and texture strengthen the sense of reality.Least member in texture is called as texel (textures).Each texel is comprised of red, green, blue, brightness and Alpha modulation.Alpha modulation represents the composition of texture transparency.Texture has brought many benefits to earthquake disaster scene simulation: first, it has increased the sense of reality of level of detail and scenery.Secondly, due to perspective transform, texture provides better three-dimensional clue.Finally, texture has greatly reduced the polygonal number of what comes into a driver's, thereby has improved refreshing frequency.Texture can generate by two kinds of methods below: one is alternatively to create editor and storing texture bitmap with image rendering software; Another is to take required texture with photo, and then scanning obtains.At present, sell in existing commercial data texturing storehouse.A lot of senior graphic hardware platforms, by providing complicated real-time grain hardware to improve the sense of reality.

Two, motion modeling

Only set up static three-dimensional geometry body to the simulation of virtual earthquake disaster scene or inadequate.In virtual environment, the characteristic of object relates to that position changes, collides, catches, convergent-divergent, surface deformation etc.

1. object's position

Object space comprises that object moves, rotation, convergent-divergent.In virtual earthquake disaster scene, we are not only interested in absolute coordinates, also interested in three dimensional object relative coordinate.To each object, give a coordinate system, be referred to as object coordinate system.The position of this coordinate system changes with the movement of object.

2. collision detection

In virtual earthquake disaster scene, we often need to check whether object A collides with object B, and for example certain prefabricated board caves in and whether contacted body of wall.Collision detection need to be calculated the relative position of two objects.If each point on two objects is done to collision calculation, will spend the much time.Thereby, in the real-time calculating of virtual earthquake disaster scenario simulation, sometimes adopt square boundary to detect to save time, but often accuracy has been sacrificed.

Three, physical modeling

Virtual objects physical modeling comprises quality, weight, inertia, superficial makings (smooth or coarse), hardness, alteration of form pattern (rubber belt or plastics) of defining objects etc., these characteristics and Geometric Modeling and rule of conduct combine, and form more real dummy model.

1. weight modeling

Team member is in ruins in rescue, wants with Lifting Equipment jack-up piece prefabricated board, and when the weight of prefabricated board exceeds the scope that Lifting Equipment can lift, prefabricated board is akinesia.That is to say that prefabricated board, fragment of brick, body of wall on ruins are all to have certain weight.If also have the user of being exactly to catch a virtual unit by virtual hand, due to the range difference between equipment center of gravity and the centre of the palm, user will feel that feedback force and size that a size is F are the moment of M.

2. surface deformation and soft durometer

Real subject surface is not hard can not being out of shape.In order to use graphical method emulation, this virtual objects needs " grid " to change, and can not directly with graphic primitive, represent, as hydraulic tube just can not be expressed as a right cylinder simply.The polygon number of each surface mesh is that the performance by level of detail and graphics accelerator decides.If we add feedback tool in emulation again, user just can feel the resistance of object to distortion so, feels the feedback of power, and sees the distortion of hydraulic tube.

Four, characteristics of objects

Up to now, our discussion is also limited to object motion and the mathematical modeling of physical characteristics to the direct reaction of user behavior.In addition, we can also set up with user and input irrelevant characteristics of objects model.

Suppose and have a virtual office on wall, have individual clock, window has thermometer, has calendar time and date that the time with computer system is changed on table, and temperature will be connected with computing machine and show actual temperature at that time with external temperature meter.When user " passes by " office, clock, calendar and thermometer data all will change.This make dummy object have to a certain degree with irrelevant " intelligence " of user behavior.

Five, model is cut apart (Model Segmentation)

The solid of virtual environment and physical modeling are resulting is a complicated model, and a large amount of polygons makes to play up (rendering) speed and greatly slows down.If existing RAM can not meet the demand of playing up a large amount of internal memories, also can cause a large amount of internal memory exchanges, and reduce the interactive speed of system.

These problems have also occurred in building emulation.Because want floor, office, furniture, corridor, stair of virtual whole heavy construction etc., such model may be at thousands of polygon.Same problem is also present in earthquake disaster scenario simulation.We know, the ruins structure in earthquake disaster scene is very complicated, and we can not go to play up whole ruins scene with enough details meeting under the condition of rate of interaction.

Any application all may be faced modeling complexity issue.In setting up model, can adopt several ways, as unit is cut apart, changed, details and resolution show, off-line is calculated in advance and memory management technology etc., carry out the real-time of raising system operation.

1. (cell segmentation) cut apart in unit

Virtual environment is divided into less unit to be called as model and to cut apart.After model is divided, only the object in "current" model is played up, and therefore, can greatly reduce the complexity of processed model.

This dividing method is well-adapted to heavy construction model.After cutting apart, the major part of model is inoperative in given what comes into a driver's.Polygon base in each visual field does not originally change with the movement of viewpoint, unless crossed certain threshold (from a room to another room, unit is now roughly room).For some regular model, cut apart easily and automatically realize.And general no longer light labile BUILDINGS MODELS after completing for those is cut apart and can be completed at calculation stages off-line in advance.

2. level of detail is cut apart

Model management is not limited only to cutting apart of unit, and another method is that it is for managing the demonstration load of real-time system at various level of detail (Level of Deail is referred to as LOD) storage object.When distant surveillance, object represents very simple, but along with eyes shift near object, will constantly increase the complicacy of object.We can be for an example that has two horizontal LOD.

There are two distances to be associated with two model tormulations respectively.These two distances are higher levels apart from m and lower level of detail apart from l. when the distance of observation point to object is less than m, this software just turns to has how polygonal model; When this scope is greater than l, this software has just turned to less polygonal object.Real-time system represents that to another distance changing is indicated on three-dimensional model, is called and proceeds to (Switchin) and produce (Switchout) distance from an expression.In flight simulation, LOD technology is used already for a long time.For example in flight simulation, one tree has 4 models, and when pilot can not see details clearly from great distances, the model of tree only has a polygon, reacceess a bit, and tree just has two polygons, and the rest may be inferred, until till seeing details clearly completely.

Utilize the graphic data base of LOD to greatly reduce polygonal quantity, rendering speed is also accelerated greatly.LOD is also applicable to mobile scenery.On screen, observed time of the object of fast moving is relatively shorter.Therefore, their details all is just described out there is no need, only need fewer For Polygons Representations, do not reduce visual effect.

Because of time system must spend certain hour test blinkpunkt and these distances, LOD also can, with serving new system overhead, therefore, must set LOD conversion in most economical mode.General principle is between two LOD, at least to reduce by 50% polygon quantity, because object characterizes along with blinkpunkt is shifted to or changes away from object.Therefore, modeling person must be noted that the transformation from a LOD level to another LOD level does not have visual confusion, guarantees the similarity of object in outward appearance and color and the choose reasonable that proceeds to/produce distance.

Described rehearsal record and review subsystem is with the form rehearsal emergency personnel's of exercise question emergent judgement.This part is comprised of two large modules: deduce rehearsal and system management.

Deduce the deduction exercise that rehearsal can respond Rule of judgment, great especially seismic events and three kinds of forms of great seismic events.Scene in exercise, in conjunction with the actual deduction process of a complete shake example, is described wherein each scene, and asks a question and answer to emergent deduction trainee for this scene.

System management manages the scene in exam pool, video and picture materials, examination question, personnel's account number, script.

Deducing exercise module is comprised of four major parts: scene list, material viewing area, scene description district, examination question list.User can watch the textual description of video material and scene, can answer the problem in examination question list after finishing watching scene description, and the problem that user answers is submitted in database preserves, for later reference and scoring.

Scene management module is responsible for uploading and scene editor of scene, the title of the scene that can establish while uploading scene, affiliated deduction type, search key, scene description and designated material file, scene editor can carry out edit-modify to each key element of scene.

User management module is responsible for the management of user account number, can add and delete user, to user, gives different authorities.Equity stock limits the use of family can only deduce rehearsal, and administrator can carry out the bookkeeping of scene and examination question.

(1) building editing machine: the Earthquake with after effects fruit of mainly editing meticulous BUILDINGS MODELS.In building editing machine, can the various attributes that cave in be set to buildings.Building intensity, and the building earthquake that is subject to various grades will become effect after which kind of shake.In Scene Editor, can call the building storehouse that edits of building editing machine, the combination by various buildings builds seismic environment jointly.

(2) event editor

Event editor is mainly in making and the management of secondary disaster (seismic secondary disaster such as blast, flame, dense smoke, floods, massif landslide) and some other trigger event (floor subsides, dangerous framework subsides).The event of event editor design, can directly be used by Scene Editor.

In Scene Editor, need to be by event setup in corresponding position, and trigger condition, coverage of event etc. are set.The event setting in Scene Editor all can activate use in virtual command center, virtual rescue system, public's emergency disposal system.

(3) character editing machine

Mainly for role and worker role in needs rescue, edit.Role is comprised of skeleton cartoon personage, and role can have the athletic performance of many covers and overlap motion path more.Role can have the dialog script of self, when producing and will read in real time dialog script when exchanging and be presented on screen with user, as earthquake information supplier.

(4) article editing machine

Article editing machine is mainly in (prefabricated board, brick wall, stop that the needs such as stone and rehearsal personnel produce interactive object), and object can have physical attribute, and the differential responses that it is subject to various disasters can be set.

Editing machine user (drillmaster) can become to build the pattern that needs examination by object rotation, translation, convergent-divergent, and whether drillmaster can arrange each object and can move, and the order of moving and instrument.Each object can be set equally and move order or the menace level when instrument mistake in using and examination mark.

(5) trigger

In Scene Editor, can place trigger in some region, the response of trigger for rehearsal personnel are entered to some region (hazardous location, dialog region, Event triggered region etc.).Trigger has activation and does not activate two states, can be activated and be forbidden by external scripts the state of activation of trigger.

Virtual rehearsal evaluation subsystem

Virtual rehearsal evaluation subsystem is responsible for according to the information that prefers with trainee, to specific reacting of preferring, trainee's ability being assessed.By system, automatically appraised, can clearly evaluate the disposal process of quantizating index by system auto-scoring, as for certain earthquake disaster, the response rank that should start, whether determine to send rescue group and work on the spot team and corresponding scale etc., with the mode that assessment experts gets involved, the disposal process that evaluation criteria is fuzzy is commented in real time by assessment experts.

Expert assessment and evaluation storehouse is mainly according to emergency drilling requirement, the effect of undergoing training to trainee is commented on, evaluation criteria, methods of marking, assessment content etc. are planned, overall process records the contents such as student's operating process, event handling consequence, mutual disposes of information, is convenient to system automatically and expert manually carries out comprehensive comment to the process of simulated maneuver, content, effect.

According to the difference of the evaluation method of index, in evaluation index system, there are quantitative target and qualitative index two classes, quantitative target can be according to the order of emergency disposal process, and system is carried out quantitatively evaluating to student's operation and selection automatically, and evaluation result is unique; And qualitative index is to be given a mark and provided evaluation result by expert.

Assessment quantitative target is according to the content of emergency drilling, the Score index of disposing from accident can be divided into: comprise decision-making and the action of the links such as event generation, emergency reaction, emergency disposal, emergent, the emergent end of expansion, consider the contingency management function that some run through overall process, increase information management and two Score indexes of safeguard.Each first class index (totally 8) is decomposed into again different two-level index (totally 22), and two-level index is refined as three grades of indexs (65).

1. event occurs

1) dispose in advance

the integrality that event information is collected

rushing towards in advance field rescue troop selects

rescue route selection

rescue team's time of arrival in advance

organize the masses to save oneself, rescue mutually programming

2) receive a crime report the time

warning handling time

2. emergency reaction

1) prediction scheme starts

whether start correct prediction scheme

whether start associated prediction scheme

2) social mobilization

social mobilization scope is selected

social mobilization measure

social mobilization approach

3. emergency disposal

1) dispose and prepare

floor manager portion institutional framework

emergent troop transfers and rescue situation

safeguard incident area order situation

incident area traffic support situation

incident area evacuating personnel and the masses settle situation

related personnel rushes towards the on-the-spot time

external experts is invited and decision-making consulting situation

2) site disposal

whether the key element of disposal method is complete

the scope of on-site coordination

dispose and carry out the target that will arrive

3) external relation

contact, exchange information with relevant departments

expert advisor organizes the contact situation of coordinating

coordinate the outside logistics support of contact department situation

coordinate contact periphery local government situation

4. expand emergent

1) expand judgement

the state of affairs is expanded to the judgement of trend

improve Emergency response level

to event, may involve regional circular situation

when the state of affairs expands, society is sent to early warning situation

2) commander shifts

the inter-sectional transfer of different emergency commands, coordination situation

request army, People's Armed Police participate in disposing task situation

the situation of applying in the time of need to entering the emergency circumstance

enter the performance of the emergency circumstance

5. emergent end

1) finish judgement

disposing task is completed to the situation of judgement

secondary, derivative and event harm are eliminated to the situation of judgement substantially

2) declare the closing of

announce the emergent situation about finishing of accident

by emergent, finish to the situation of society's issue

6. information management

1) information monitoring and report

the information reporting time whether up to specification

reporting information integrity degree

the management of classified information

2) information sharing

while needing request just to rescue, promptly and accurately effectively transmitted event relevant information

3) information issue

information of forecasting issue

news release and situation report content

with news media's communication approach and step

7. safeguard

1) communication guarantee

effective guarantee the communication between commanding in the rear center and the site of the accident

effective guarantee the communication in floor manager system

timely and effectively recovered impaired communications service

2) field rescue and emergency dealing equipment Safeguard

effective guarantee the needs of field rescue and emergency dealing equipment, equipment

effective guarantee floor manager portion to rescue and speedily carry out rescue work equipment scheduling

3) emergent troop ensures

effectively transferring the emergent troop of specialty participation event disposes

effective guarantee Volunteer participation event is disposed

4) communications and transportation guarantee

effective guarantee on-the-spot accessibility

effective Regulation on-the-spot traffic organization

the traffic route of damaging that had efficient recovery, technology has met site traffic needs

5) health care guarantee

salvage at scene and pre hospital care are fully effectively provided

follow-up treatment and specific treatment are fully effectively provided in time

the timely and effective disease of having carried out is controlled and health epidemic prevention

effectively prevent and controlled the eruption and prevalence of disaster area infectious disease

be there is to regional technology in event required medicine, medical equipment is fully provided

6) public security guarantee

effectively control on-the-spot security condition, safeguarded public order

effectively realized the guard to important place, target and disaster relief facility

effectively safeguarded regional social stability

scene is effectively completed to the tasks such as fire extinguishing, explosive, clear on-the-spot dangerous material, avoided the appearance of secondary disaster

7) matenal support

scene or the incident area needs to disaster relief supplies have effectively been met

the timely and effective appearance that prevents the every goods and materials shortage phenomenon in incident area

8) fund guarantee

effectively met the credit requirement in emergency disposal

Assessment qualitative index, according to the content of the important experience of needs of emergency drilling, is assessed from the following aspects originating in the personnel of training:

1, control state of affairs aspect: in line with treatment the first principle, assessment whether by effective means contain rapidly and effectively the state of affairs expansion, upgrade, spread, control the effect, success ratio of the state of affairs etc.

2, analysis and research aspect: in line with holding principal contradiction principle, the event that is evaluated at dispose before the going and finding out what's going on of the reaction in event to casualties, property loss, event generation background, impact development trend, the public, relevant case, relevant prediction scheme.

3, disposal method aspect: in line with motor-driven adaptability in tactics principle, assessment disposal method feasibility, comprehensive, professional, whether science reasonable.

4, tasks carrying aspect: in line with coordinating operational principle, the aspects such as whether evaluation tasks is carried out and put in place, whether societal forces participate in.

5, the open aspect of message: in line with the disclosed principle of news, in evaluation process event procedure to the message of public's issue whether in time, data publish opportunity whether rationally, whether internal communication unimpeded.

Virtual rehearsal evaluation subsystem, according to the hierarchical structure of assessment indicator system, is taked Multiplayer Fuzzy Synthetic Evalution Method, sets up three grades of evaluation models, and the method for its foundation is as follows:

Set up the three grades of mono-factor fuzzy evaluation of evaluation index layer D Judgement Matrix R

Determine factor of evaluation collection U

If U _b, U _c, U _dbe respectively single sets of factors of first class index layer in assessment indicator system, two-level index layer, three grades of indicator layers, corresponding 22 the single sets of factors of C layer:

U _c={ U _d1, U _d2, U _d3, U _d4..., U _d65middle U _c1={ U _d1, U _d2, U _d3, U _d4, U _d5, U _c2={ U _d6, U _c3={ U _d7, U _d8, U _c22={ U _d65}

Set up single factor fuzzy evaluation matrix R

To factor of evaluation U _cin each to factor of evaluation collection U _din each single factor do single factor evaluation, owing to having quantitative target and qualitative index two classes in this index system, therefore corresponding single factor evaluation method is also different, and quantitative target can be carried out quantitatively evaluating by measurement, so evaluation result is unique, accurately; And qualitative index is to give a mark by expert to provide rating, as 1,2,3,4,5 minute, then count the ratio that this index is rated as 1 grade, 2 grades, 3 grades, 4 grades, 5 grades, determine this index U for this reason _ito opinion rating V _jdegree of membership R _ij; Model U _cmiddle single factor U _d1evaluation matrix R ₁for:

$R_{\mathrm{ij}}=\left\{\begin{array}{ccccc}{R}_{D\mathrm{1,5}r}& R_{D\mathrm{1,4}r}& R_{D\mathrm{1,3}r}& R_{D\mathrm{1,2}r}& R_{D\mathrm{1,1}r}\\ R_{D\mathrm{2,5}r}& R_{D\mathrm{2,4}r}& R_{D\mathrm{2,3}r}& R_{D\mathrm{2,2}r}& R_{D\mathrm{2,1}r}\\ R_{D\mathrm{3,5}r}& R_{D\mathrm{3,4}r}& R_{D\mathrm{3,3}r}& R_{D\mathrm{3,2}r}& R_{D\mathrm{3,1}r}\\ R_{D\mathrm{4,5}r}& R_{D\mathrm{4,4}r}& R_{D\mathrm{4,3}r}& R_{D\mathrm{4,2}r}& R_{D\mathrm{4,1}r}\\ R_{D\mathrm{5,5}r}& R_{D\mathrm{5,4}r}& R_{D\mathrm{5,3}r}& R_{D\mathrm{5,2}r}& R_{D\mathrm{5,1}r}\end{array}\right\}$

This matrix representation U _c1fuzzy relation, wherein a R of comment collection V _d1,5rrepresent set of factors U _c1in two-level index D ₁to comment collection factor V ₁degree of membership.In like manner, can set up U _c2～U _c22judge battle array R _d1～R _d65;

Calculate three grades of evaluation index layer D layer fuzzy comprehensive evoluation collection

According to A _dr=B, asks for fuzzy overall evaluation collection, wherein A _d, all is single weighted value collection in set of factors U, and R is the Judgement Matrix that set of factors U is corresponding, and B is the fuzzy comprehensive evoluation collection of set of factors U.Can try to achieve thus the fuzzy comprehensive evoluation set B of C layer.

B _C＝{B _C1，B _C2，B _C3，B _C4，......B _C65}

Calculate secondary evaluation index layer C layer fuzzy comprehensive evoluation set pair in D layer fuzzy evaluation

Only need be by the evaluation conclusion B of C layer _cform a new blurring mapping battle array R with all the other judgment matrix element of B layer _c,

Ask for the A of C layer _cagain substitution B _c=A _c* R _c

With D layer computing method, can obtain:

B _B＝{B _B1，B _B2......B _B22}

First order calculation evaluation index layer B layer fuzzy comprehensive evoluation collection

B _B＝A _B*R _B

This passes judgment on collection and is the final fuzzy overall evaluation collection of this assessment indicator system.

The above, be only the specific embodiment of the present invention, is not limited to this, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses, and can expect easily changing or replacing, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. dummy emulation system is drilled in an earthquake emergency, it is characterized in that: comprise database, the Resource Manager Subsystem in connection data storehouse, the rehearsal of connection resource ADMINISTRATION SUBSYSTEM prefers generation subsystem, three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, modeling and simulation subsystem, rehearsal record and review subsystem, virtual rehearsal evaluation subsystem, and connect immersing demonstration and interactive subsystem and being connected three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem of three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, immerse the multi-point audio communication subsystem showing with interactive subsystem, described rehearsal prefers and generates subsystem to take unified conceptual description storehouse, field be background, in conjunction with physical environment data, carry out concept and prefer modeling, then concept scenario model is by earthquake disaster scenario editor, and binding entity model data, is mapped to the simulation scenario model that can move and carries out simulation run, described immerse show with interactive subsystem directly and trainee mutual, make trainee can access telepresenc on the spot in person, and Real-time Collection is from trainee's interactive action, and interactive action information passed to three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, described three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem real-time rendering goes out the buildings distribution range of different destructiveness, the various states of collapsed building, the generation evolution of seismic secondary disaster, different virtual role's action situation, and pass to immerse and show with interactive subsystem and present to trainee, reception is from trainee's interactive action information, and makes in real time response, the needed various models of modeling and simulation subsystem generating virtual rehearsal, and these models of real time execution, the result of model running is submitted to three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, and receive the Real-time Feedback information of three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, according to feedback information, set up new model running result, then submit in real time three-dimensional vision rendering subsystem, virtual rehearsal record and review subsystem records trainee's rehearsal process, and stores in database by Resource Manager Subsystem, or the trainee who proposes to store drills process playback, the information that described virtual rehearsal evaluation subsystem basis prefers, is assessed trainee's ability specific reacting of preferring with trainee, automatically appraises or assessment experts evaluation.

2. according to the earthquake emergency rehearsal dummy emulation system described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described Resource Manager Subsystem manages data with Relational Data Base Management and two kinds of modes of file data library management, described relational database is used for the info class data in management system, comprises earthquake situations information, ABC, deduction knowledge, personnel's account information, shake example, examination question data.

3. according to the earthquake emergency rehearsal dummy emulation system described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rehearsal prefers generation subsystem and is divided into three levels, various standards and the agreement of bottom; The Scenario method in middle layer; High level is the application preferring, and for different backgrounds, customizes different scenario editors; Described middle layer will meet standard and the agreement that bottom proposes, and the application of described high level will meet describing method and the interface in middle layer, so that information sharing.

4. according to the earthquake emergency rehearsal dummy emulation system described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described rehearsal prefers generation subsystem and is divided into concept scenario editor, simulation scenario editing machine, distributed simulation operations manager.

5. according to the earthquake emergency rehearsal dummy emulation system described in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described modeling and simulation subsystem, the three-dimensional modeling of virtual environment is the basis that whole three-dimensional vision generation system is set up, mainly comprise three dimensional vision modeling and three-dimensional sense of hearing modeling, the basis that is modeled as with 3D Studio MAX and Maya, import again in VR-Platform VR-Platform, thereby make the virtual scene of earthquake disaster.