CN114676299A - 3D visualization display method and system for classical garden knowledge graph - Google Patents
3D visualization display method and system for classical garden knowledge graph Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3D visual display method and a system for a classical garden knowledge graph, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the construction of a classical garden knowledge system comprises the following steps: acquiring data required by constructing a classical garden knowledge system, and processing the acquired data according to elements constituting the classical garden to form a data resource catalog; step two: building a classical garden knowledge graph based on the classical garden knowledge system built in the step one; the invention solves the problem of multidimensional display of 3D scenes and models associated with the classical garden knowledge map through classical garden knowledge data classification, knowledge system construction, classical garden three-dimensional modeling, a 3D visual display system and the like, provides a new way and a new method for visually displaying the knowledge map, and enables the social public to learn and understand the history, culture and art of classical gardens more directly, more vividly and more vividly by displaying knowledge entities of the classical garden knowledge map in a 3D form.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a display method and a display system of a classical garden knowledge graph, in particular to a 3D visual display method and a 3D visual display system of the classical garden knowledge graph.
Background
Knowledge-graph is essentially a knowledge engineering method based on graph methods. A so-called knowledge graph is a heterogeneous directed graph composed of entities and relationships, and is a semantic network that characterizes semantic associations between entities. In the representation method, nodes represent entities, edges represent relations (heterogeneous) of different types, and edges between two nodes are connected to indicate that corresponding relations exist between the two nodes. The method for representing the continuous semantic network uses the triple/triple to represent the fact (fact), which is the most basic knowledge storage mode and represents the fact in the form of (subject, predicate, object/entity, relation, entity). A schema (schema) is used to represent advanced knowledge forms other than triples. The knowledge graph is so emphasized that the world has entered into the era of semantic big data, and as the data scale is larger and larger, the demand of people for cognition and understanding of data is larger and larger, and a feasible data organization mode is urgently needed to be found so as to more effectively improve the ability of human beings to acquire knowledge from data.
At present, the knowledge graph visualization technology mainly uses a force-guided layout method to generate a relatively beautiful network layout and fully display the overall structure and self-isomorphic characteristics of the network. The method was originally proposed by ages in 1984, and the basic idea is to consider the network as a physical system with steel ring at the top and springs at the sides, and after the system is given a certain initial state, the action of the spring force (attraction and repulsion) will cause the steel ring to move, and the movement will stop until the total energy of the system is reduced to the minimum value. Kamada and Kawai improved the spring model of Eades, proposing the KK algorithm.
The basic structure of the engineering implementation of the common force guidance layout is mainly implemented by four parts, namely hierarchical structure design, node and connecting line generation, html page data import generation, and force guidance layout node optimization, which is shown in fig. 1.
The Chinese computer society of science and technology, 15 th volume, 9 th volume, of "construction and application of cultural relic knowledge graph" published by Zhang Jiawan, Tianjin university, et al. The knowledge graph visualization utilizes a data visualization and visual analysis method to realize the knowledge graph visualization. The visualization design can show a complex knowledge network space, meanwhile, a certain interaction capacity is provided based on the visualization design to help a user to learn, retrieve or analyze the knowledge graph, and finally, a visual perception method can be provided for the user to know the structure and the content of the knowledge graph. An example of a knowledge graph visualization interface is shown in FIG. 2.
Military equipment knowledge map construction and application based on encyclopedic knowledge, published by the university of army engineering, Shijiazhuang school district vehicle, Jinli, et al, war equipment engineering project journal 40, No. 1. The Neo4j graphic database is used for storing and visualizing the military equipment knowledge graph, so that the military equipment field knowledge has stronger readability, a user can conveniently and rapidly acquire and understand the military equipment field knowledge and knowledge structure, and the graph is a partial example of the military equipment knowledge graph. The nodes of different colors in the diagram represent different types of entities, and the edges between the nodes describe the relationships that the entities have. An example of a knowledge-graph visualization is shown in fig. 3.
Multiple data sources-based knowledge-graph construction method research, volume 45, phase 3, of the university of Fuzhou, university institute of mathematics and computer science, Wu soldier, et al: the knowledge graph is a relational network graph between knowledge, which is constructed by utilizing an information visualization technology, and the knowledge graph application service platform is developed in order to better display and use the knowledge graph with the integration of multiple data sources. The platform adopts Neo4j as a graph storage database, is designed and laid out in a Bootstrap front-end webpage frame, and uses a D3.js data-driven visualization suite to realize dynamic display effect of entities and relationships. The platform can manage and use data fusing multiple data sources from a global layer. The main functions are as follows: 1) basic information of a plurality of data sources is fused, and services such as advanced data search statistics analysis and the like are provided for a user; 2) Entity link prediction, namely linking the relation between entities which are possibly lost in the knowledge graph to enrich and expand the knowledge graph; 3) the visualization of the knowledge graph entity relationship network realizes the display of the knowledge graph with multiple dimensions such as concept 'attribute' examples and the like, and displays the relationship between the entities in the knowledge graph in a visualization mode. An example is shown in figure 4.
At present, the knowledge graph visualization technology mainly uses a force-guided layout method to generate a relatively beautiful network layout and fully display the overall structure and self-isomorphic characteristics of the network. Although the mutual relation among the knowledge architecture, the ontology and the ontology can be intuitively displayed through the visualized presentation of the knowledge graph, the display is only in a node and line state diagram mode, the content related to the ontology cannot be displayed, and the display mode is only suitable for professional application. The classical garden knowledge graph belongs to the West and travel Wen Bo industry, the main application service object is the public in the society, the knowledge graph visual display based on the force guidance layout is too professional for the public in the society, and the contents of garden scenes, scenic spots and the like related to a knowledge body are lacked. Therefore, the 3D-based visual display system of the classical garden knowledge map is constructed, knowledge entities of the knowledge map are displayed in a 3D form, so that social public can learn and understand the history, culture and art of the classical garden more directly, more vividly and more vividly, and meanwhile, the garden beauty is drawn.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a 3D visual display method and a system for a classical garden knowledge graph, which are used for realizing the generation of the same-screen multi-window 3D visual display of a classical garden knowledge graph associated scene, a classical scenery spot and garden elements based on theme retrieval.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides a 3D visualization display method for a classical garden knowledge graph, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the construction of a classical garden knowledge system comprises the following steps: acquiring data required by constructing a classical garden knowledge system, and processing the acquired data according to elements constituting the classical garden to form a data resource catalog;
step two: building a classical garden knowledge graph based on the classical garden knowledge system built in the step one, wherein the building process comprises the following steps: data management, knowledge system construction, knowledge entity construction and knowledge map construction;
step three: performing classical garden three-dimensional modeling, comprising: data collection and arrangement, data analysis and identification, generation of a model element library and primitive data, and production of a three-dimensional model product;
step four: and displaying the classical garden knowledge graph by using a 3D visual display system.
As a further scheme of the invention: the classical garden knowledge system adopts a three-dimensional structure frame model and comprises an X layer, a Y layer and a Z layer.
As a further scheme of the invention: the X layer is a knowledge classification structure and mainly comprises: classical gardens, garden elements, garden history, garden culture, garden art, spatial information and related knowledge;
The Y aspect is gardens knowledge content meta attribute structure, and classical gardens mainly include: royal gardens, private gardens, temple gardens and other gardens; the garden elements are picking up mountains, arranging water, placing stones, building, plants and furnishing; the garden history mainly includes: historical continents, historical sites and historical figures; the garden culture mainly comprises: horizontal inscribed board couplets, poetry, vocation, talent introduction and the like; the garden art mainly comprises: garden artistic conception, garden landscaping and garden sculptures; the spatial information mainly includes: geographic information, spatial layout and garden perimeter;
and the Z layer is the knowledge attribute, the inter-knowledge relation, the association rule, the constraint condition and the visual display and application of the knowledge system.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the first step, the step of processing the acquired data to form a data resource directory is as follows: the method comprises the steps of cleaning various acquired data from different sources according to a unified data standard, checking data quality, classifying the data constructed according to a classical garden knowledge graph, defining and describing data element attributes, analyzing and formulating association rules and association relations among the data, and forming a data resource catalog.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the first step, the construction of the classical garden knowledge system further comprises:
Defining a metadata set: defining a metadata specification of a classical garden knowledge system;
a classification system is formulated: formulating a classical garden data classification system based on a classical garden metadata set;
classifying the knowledge entities: classifying knowledge entities of the classical gardens based on a classical garden data classification system;
and (3) rule and constraint establishment: knowledge association rules and relationships of the classical garden knowledge system;
defining attributes and relationships: the knowledge element attribute of the classical garden is defined according to data classification.
As a further scheme of the invention: in the third step:
data collection and sorting: collecting and sorting the collected building CAD drawing, the measurement data, the photo, the unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography data and the panoramic collected data, classifying and sorting according to types, and establishing a collected database;
data analysis and identification: through the arrangement of geometric data, texture data and attribute data, technical analysis and identification are carried out on the basis of project application, and detailed reference data of a target model are obtained;
generating a model element library and primitive data: generating basic model data as a three-dimensional model element library, correspondingly taking a picture on site, finely processing the basic model data as texture material data, and generating primitive information of scenes and articles as an interaction basis by taking application analysis as a leading factor;
Production of three-dimensional model products: the production process of the three-dimensional model product is divided into five specific implementation stages of engineering design, data acquisition, manufacturing, importing synthesis and publishing application according to a standardized assembly line production mode, and the production of large-scale three-dimensional models and related products is completed according to the operation of each stage.
On the other hand, the invention also provides a 3D visual display system of the classical garden knowledge graph, which is used for the 3D visual display method of the classical garden knowledge graph, and comprises a data resource layer, an application supporting layer and a service terminal layer, wherein,
data resource layer: for storage, integration and management of all data resources; .
Applying a support layer: the system is used for carrying out unified organization and management on various resources through a service model and an engine;
an application service layer: displaying the contents of classical gardens, garden history, garden culture, garden art and garden elements in a time map, virtual guide and knowledge map mode;
and a service terminal layer: comprises a common PC, a mobile phone, an LED large screen, a holographic projection and a VR/AR wearable device
As a still further scheme of the invention: the data stored, integrated and managed by the data resource layer comprises a classical garden knowledge map, related data contents, a knowledge index base, various character resources, picture resources, video resources and three-dimensional model resources.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention solves the problem of multi-dimensional display of 3D scenes and models associated with the classical garden knowledge graph through classical garden knowledge data classification, knowledge system construction, classical garden three-dimensional modeling, a 3D visual display system and the like, and provides a new approach and a new method for visual display of the knowledge graph.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of knowledge-graph visualization 1 in the background art.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of knowledge-graph visualization 2 in the background art.
Fig. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of knowledge-graph visualization 3 in the background art.
Fig. 4 is a diagram of an example of knowledge-graph visualization 4 in the background art.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an application architecture for automatically acquiring data according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is an exemplary application page of the method of automatically obtaining data according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a construction method of a classical garden knowledge system according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a construction case of the classical garden knowledge system in the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of a classical garden knowledge graph construction method according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a flow chart of three-dimensional modeling of classical garden in the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an overall frame diagram of the 3D display system of the classical garden knowledge map in the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a timing diagram of a two-dimensional and three-dimensional display switching process according to the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a time map visualization display interface according to the present invention.
Fig. 14 is a virtual navigation visual display interface according to the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a relational graph visualization display interface in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a 3D visualization display interface of a relationship graph in the present invention.
Fig. 17 is a three-dimensional knowledge-graph visualization display interface in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or be indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element.
It will be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships that are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are used merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have the particular orientations, configurations and operations described in the specification, and therefore are not to be considered limiting.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
(I) construction of data classification for classical garden knowledge graph
1. Classical landscape data analysis
The classical garden comprises the elements of picking up mountains, clearing water, placing stones, building, furnishing, plants and the like, and the data types comprise structured, unstructured and semi-structured data. The data format includes various formats such as document data, picture data, video data, point cloud data, and the like.
2. Classical garden data classification
The classical garden composition element classifies the data resource of the classical garden knowledge map according to the classical garden, garden element and historical culture, and the data classification is shown in table 1:
table 1: data classification and code established by classical garden knowledge graph
(II) construction of classical garden knowledge system
1. Data acquisition
The data acquisition for constructing the classical garden knowledge graph adopts two modes of manual operation and automatic operation: manually acquiring data classification which is mainly constructed according to a classical garden knowledge graph, and collecting, extracting and sorting relevant data of the classical garden based on various literature data of the classical garden; the data acquisition system based on autonomous development is automatically acquired, and data acquisition is carried out by selecting keywords and attributes of the custom acquired data of a specific Internet page. And after the acquired data is subjected to data treatment, gathering and sorting to form classical garden data element attributes, and constructing a classical garden knowledge map knowledge system framework.
The automatic data acquisition method adopts a background data processing mode to acquire data, can acquire data through an internet page without installing specific software, has high data acquisition freedom and allows a user to set custom element attributes. The obtained data result can be stored in common file formats such as csv, excel, text and the like, and can also be directly stored in a data server through an interface. The application architecture of the method is shown in fig. 5, in which:
And (3) extracting page display: the CSS selector is used for analyzing the interactive use of the website response display and the CSS selector and is based on the display in the iframe page;
a CSS selector: returning the CSS element attribute in the extracted page display by using the HTMLDOM, wherein the selection mode is mouse clicking, and the CSS element attribute of the content can be selected after clicking;
a general data extractor: aiming at the selected CSS element attribute in the CSS selector, generating a variable value of an extractor, and generating the extractor aiming at the target website;
and (3) task sequencing: the system is mainly responsible for queuing requests received by the engine and returning engine request information according to a queuing sequence;
a data extraction engine: the data extraction engine based on the Python architecture is used for processing the codes of the data extractor and can perform user-defined extraction work;
data arrangement: processing, cleaning, verifying and persisting (storing a database or exporting file types) the extracted information;
a data output interface: the universal data interface can generate methods such as a local storage format, remote storage (downloading to a local computer of a user), database storage and the like;
an example application: by inputting the key link address, the content of the key webpage can be displayed in the content area by clicking and skipping. And clicking the attribute adding button of the lower left corner element to select the cs element attribute in the page content range. After the selection is finished, the data can be clicked and extracted, and the background data server returns the data which is extracted by the user in a user-defined way for a short time. An example application page for the method of automatically acquiring data is shown in FIG. 6.
2. Knowledge classification
The classical garden knowledge graph is a professional field knowledge graph, and the knowledge classification is classified according to the data classification established by the classical garden knowledge graph provided by the invention, and the specific classification is as follows: classical gardens, garden element, gardens history, gardens culture, garden art, spatial information and types such as relevant knowledge, the ontology of knowledge classification is: first class knowledge, second class knowledge, third class knowledge, primary entity, secondary entity, and associated entity, etc., as shown in table 2:
table 2: classical garden knowledge classification example
3. Knowledge system framework model
The classical garden knowledge system is constructed for the purpose of constructing a classical garden knowledge map, visually displaying garden related knowledge and the relation between the knowledge and the knowledge, and displaying garden knowledge in multiple latitudes, multiple levels and multiple angles.
The classical garden knowledge system framework model is of a three-dimensional structure, and the X layer is of a knowledge classification structure and mainly comprises: classical gardens, garden elements, garden history, garden culture, garden art, spatial information and related knowledge etc. The Y aspect is gardens knowledge content meta attribute structure, and classical garden mainly includes: royal gardens, private gardens, temple gardens and other gardens. The garden elements are picking up mountains, arranging water, placing stones, building, plants, furnishing and the like. The garden history mainly includes: historical continents, historical sites, historical figures, and the like. The garden culture mainly comprises: horizontal inscribed board couplet, poetry, singeing, classical story, and the like. The garden art mainly comprises: garden artistic conception, garden landscaping, garden sculpture and the like. The spatial information mainly includes: geographic information, spatial layout, garden perimeter, etc. Additionally including knowledge about classical gardens. The Z layer is knowledge attributes, knowledge relationships, association rules, constraint conditions, visual display and application of a knowledge system and the like.
4. Knowledge system construction method
The construction method of the classical garden knowledge system mainly comprises the following steps: data acquisition, data governance and fusion, metadata set definition, classification system establishment, knowledge entity classification, rule and constraint establishment, attribute and relationship definition and the like, as shown in fig. 8:
data acquisition: the data is acquired in two modes of manual and automatic.
Data management and fusion: the data management is to clean various acquired data from different sources according to a unified data standard, check the data quality, classify the data constructed according to the classical garden knowledge graph, define and describe the metadata attributes of the data, analyze and formulate the association rules and the association relations among the data, form a data resource catalog, and lay a data foundation for constructing a knowledge graph knowledge system and a knowledge body.
Defining a set of metadata: defining a metadata specification of a classical garden knowledge system, which mainly comprises the following steps: and metadata classes such as data resource information, garden elements, garden historical culture and the like.
And (3) establishing a classification system: and formulating a classical garden data classification system based on the classical garden metadata set.
Classifying the knowledge entities: and classifying the knowledge entities of the classical gardens based on a classical garden data classification system.
And (3) rule and constraint establishment: knowledge association rules and relationships of the classical garden knowledge system, such as: membership, inclusion, subclass, strong correlation, weak correlation, unique, mandatory, optional, non-repetitive, repeatable, etc.
Defining attributes and relationships: the knowledge element attributes of the classical garden are defined according to data classification, such as: the Yihe garden attributes are: royal, royal house, palace, etc.
The construction method of the classical garden knowledge system is shown in fig. 7.
5. Knowledge system construction case
The classical garden knowledge system is based on the existing classical garden, and forms point-line surfaces with single-point knowledge or knowledge sets such as the garden overview, the garden history, garden elements, garden culture, garden art, spatial information and related knowledge of the classical garden in a point-edge mode, so that a knowledge network is formed. Each knowledge point has its own definition, composition, condition, background, function, extension knowledge, etc., forming an infinite, variable, complex landscape knowledge system. The classical garden knowledge system construction is shown in fig. 8, for example.
6. Classical garden knowledge map construction
Based on the classical garden knowledge system, a classical garden knowledge map is built, and the construction process comprises the following steps: the method comprises four processes of data management, knowledge system construction, knowledge entity construction, knowledge map construction and the like, wherein each updating iteration comprises the four stages. The classical garden knowledge graph construction method is shown in fig. 9.
(III) three-dimensional modeling based on classical garden data classification
The method is characterized in that a multi-resolution three-dimensional modeling technology and a multi-resolution three-dimensional modeling method are applied to three-dimensional modeling of the classical garden, a tree structure of a real object attribute data model of the classical garden scene is formed based on establishment and analysis of a classical garden scene and the real object attribute data model, and a real object attribute data model tree is obtained. And according to the object attribute data model tree, establishing three-dimensional sub models of the whole topological structure of the object, establishing 2n + 1-level discrete approximation models with different detail levels, and reconstructing and combining the 2n + 1-level discrete approximation models with different detail levels to generate a whole three-dimensional model of the object. The method can effectively solve the problems of cost and efficiency of multi-resolution three-dimensional modeling, can ensure the proportion and the precision of large-scale three-dimensional models of large scenes, and has the characteristics of high quality of three-dimensional modeling of classical gardens and short manufacturing period.
The three-dimensional modeling of the classical garden mainly comprises the implementation processes of data collection and sorting, data analysis and identification, model element library and primitive data generation, three-dimensional model product production and the like based on the classical garden data classification.
Data collection and sorting: and collecting and arranging the collected building CAD drawing, the measurement data, the photo, the unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography data and the panoramic collected data, classifying and arranging according to types, and establishing a collection database.
Data analysis and identification: and performing technical analysis and identification on the basis of project application by arranging the geometric data, the texture data and the attribute data to obtain detailed reference data of the target model.
Generating a model element library and primitive data: and generating basic model data of ground and indoor structure components and the like as a three-dimensional model element library. And correspondingly taking a picture on site, finely processing the picture to be used as texture material data, and taking application analysis as a main factor to generate primitive information of scenes, articles and the like to be used as an interaction basis.
Production of three-dimensional model products: the production process of the three-dimensional model product is divided into 5 specific implementation stages of engineering design, data acquisition, manufacturing, import synthesis, release application and the like according to a standardized assembly line production mode, and the production of large-scale three-dimensional models and related products is completed according to the operation of each stage.
1. Classical garden panoramic modeling
The application three-dimensional instrument of rendering up uses classical garden model collocation other gardens key element synthetic complete classical garden model, renders up 720 panoramic image of garden model through the instrument of rendering up.
The method comprises the steps of performing reverse modeling on a classical garden panoramic scene space by adopting everpano 3D and generating a depth map, drawing vertical profiles of the space and objects in the classical garden in a line and geometric body adding mode, constructing a model according to information such as the size and relative position of the profiles, and judging the direction, so that the classical garden panoramic scene picture is three-dimensional.
And drawing the three-dimensional structure light models of all spaces and objects in the scene by using a point-line-surface mode to generate the three-dimensional effect of the elements forming the panoramic image. And rendering and outputting the constructed classical garden scene structure light model, and integrating the classical garden scene structure light model into an everpano engineering file for practical application.
2. Classic scenery modeling
The method is characterized in that a high-precision model part construction standard is adopted for classical scenic spot building model construction, the structural components of a target are split according to data analysis and identification, and the building model is subjected to component numbering and model construction according to the sequence of steps such as a table foundation, a cylinder, a bay, a girder, a bracket arch, a roof, colored drawing, textures and the like.
Extracting CAD drawing data and actual image data of the building model as reference, setting unit standard of modeling software, and building an integral frame model of the building appearance according to real proportion by using a polygon modeling method. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of refining on the basis of frame model achievement, building detail models such as steps, fences, doors and windows, tiles and wall bricks, and adjusting proportion and precision of the frame model. The model construction of the building repeated components such as bracket arches, doors and windows, cylinders, tiles, wall bricks and the like is normalized according to a unified standard, model information and coordinate values are reset, a model element library is input, and later-stage modeling, splicing and calling are carried out. And (3) making mapping texture on the basis of a refined model result, wherein the scenic spot model mapping is made by adopting real texture, and building texture details are highly restored.
3. Garden factor modeling
The garden element modeling is mainly composed of landscape flowers and trees, halls, buildings, halls, elys, pavilions, boats, pavilions, galleries, bridges, walls and other elements, and is divided into a fine model, a frame model and a facet model according to different requirements.
4. The three-dimensional modeling flow is shown in fig. 10.
(IV) 3D visualization display system for classical garden knowledge graph
1. Overall framework
The system adopts a B/S framework, consists of naked eye 3D display, ultrahigh fidelity three-dimensional display, AR and holographic projection experience and the like, and has the functions of virtual classical garden display, panoramic roaming, manual roaming, interactive interaction, knowledge-based retrieval, visual display application of a classical garden knowledge map and the like.
The system supports embedded three-dimensional scenes, videos, pictures and web pages, and can randomly designate the content form called after the interface elements are clicked. Various client accesses are as follows: PC, touch control all-in-one machine, Windows, Andriod and iOS. The overall system framework is shown in fig. 11.
The system comprises a data resource layer, an application supporting layer and a service terminal layer.
Data resource layer: and the storage, integration and management of all data resources are realized. The content comprises a knowledge map, related data content, a knowledge index base, various character resources, picture resources, video resources and three-dimensional model resources.
Applying a support layer: the system is responsible for carrying out unified organization and management on various resources through a service model and an engine and is a core support layer for system operation. The clustering association engine is responsible for classifying and associating various resources according to the design of the knowledge graph; the special simulation engine is responsible for providing corresponding algorithm support for the display layer; the knowledge retrieval engine is used for comprehensively retrieving various data resources of the resource layer; the knowledge display engine organizes and converts the content according to the retrieval query requirement and the retrieval result of the visitor and the current interface style; the knowledge meta-model is an organization mode of the knowledge graph, and comprises various attributes such as format, medium, action, sequence, condition, association and the like, so that the consistency, the definition and the integrity of related information of the knowledge graph are ensured; the knowledge map is used for maintaining the structural organization of knowledge resources, managing the distribution of the whole knowledge resource system and quickly providing required contents for different users and query forms; the workflow engine is responsible for providing support for the organization and the operation flow of the business; the interface management, storage management and application middleware is responsible for the logical support of the system operation.
An application service layer: and displaying the contents of classical gardens, garden history, garden culture, garden art, garden elements and the like in a time map, virtual guide and knowledge map mode.
And a service terminal layer: the system comprises various forms available at present, including common PCs, mobile phones, LED large screens, holographic projection, VR/AR wearable equipment and the like. The adaptation of the content to different terminal modalities is handled by the adaptation layer.
2. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional display switching process design
The 3D visual display core of the classical garden knowledge graph is to realize the quick loading of a three-dimensional model, and the system applies an intelligent terminal large-scale three-dimensional model quick loading technology (applied patent, acceptance number: 2018022400473910) which is designed autonomously to realize the 3D visual display of the knowledge graph. The technology mainly comprises the following steps:
and compressing, encoding and normalizing the three-dimensional model data at the server side. The three-dimensional model comprises geometric body information, connection information and attribute information, an algorithm for progressively compressing the geometric body and the connection information is constructed by extracting the characteristics of the geometric body and the connection of the three-dimensional model, and the three-dimensional model data stored at the server side is effectively compressed by combining the attribute compression algorithms of textures, precision, coordinates and the like. And establishing a three-dimensional scene and a model attribute identification code on the basis of geometry, connection and attribute extraction, and realizing rapid model retrieval and encrypted transmission. In order to ensure the correctness of data transmission of each client and prevent the repeated transmission of data, the data is normalized at the server side, an independent transmission control thread is constructed for each client, the transmission state of each object split tree of the three-dimensional scene is recorded, and the rapid and effective loading of the three-dimensional scene and the model is ensured.
And (4) multi-thread transmission processing based on the view point. The method comprises the steps that a client side uses the following 4 server threads in the process of loading a three-dimensional model, wherein one server thread is used for downloading three-dimensional data, the other server thread is used for analyzing the downloaded data, the other server thread is used for calculating the viewpoint and rendering and drawing the model, in the process of loading the three-dimensional model, the client side needs to be responsible for sending the current state of the client side to the server and receiving optimization information from the server and selectively downloading the three-dimensional model data, the viewpoint calculation thread of the server side is used for calculating viewpoint object information to determine the current state, analyzing the downloaded data, and transmitting a three-dimensional model data file obtained through analysis to the client side to render and draw the three-dimensional model.
The method comprises the steps that a mobile intelligent terminal decodes three-dimensional data, three-dimensional rendering drawing of interactive application is carried out by adopting a 3D drawing standard of WebGL, a client decodes downloaded three-dimensional data, a mapping relation between attribute identification codes of a three-dimensional model and interactive perception information is established according to the 3D drawing standard of WebGL, the corresponding relation between the interactive perception information and three-dimensional scene space information is accurately expressed, an interactive three-dimensional intelligent control effect is achieved, and loading application of a large-scale three-dimensional model is completed.
And performing two-dimensional and three-dimensional switching of 3D visual display of the classical garden knowledge graph, clicking knowledge points of two-dimensional display of the knowledge graph by a user, requesting three-dimensional display and feeding back to a display three-dimensional program and an engine, acquiring corresponding three-dimensional model data, and displaying through rapid loading and terminal rendering. Second, the three-dimensional display switching process sequence is shown in fig. 12.
3. Visual display design
The visual display of the classical garden knowledge graph is designed into three display modules of a time map, a virtual guide map and a relation graph.
"time map" uses the history of chinese gardens to follow the leather as main venation, carries out classification show to relevant gardens from four aspects such as "royal gardens", "private garden", "temple gardens" and "other gardens", makes the visitor pass through the development evolution process of on-line audio-visual understanding classical gardens, gardens brief introduction and spatial distribution etc.. The time map visualization interface is shown in fig. 13.
The virtual navigation is based on a garden three-dimensional model with the reduction degree of more than 99.99 percent, realizes automatic roaming and autonomous roaming of a user in the system, and ensures that the user can not feel the charm of the Chinese classical garden by matching with the functions of voice explanation, word description, historical allusion, route recommendation, classical scenic spots and the like. The off-line reservation function ingeniously links the on-line and the off-line, and an 'on-line + off-line' double-channel tour is created to meet the requirements of different users. The virtual navigation visualization presentation interface is shown in fig. 14.
The relation map module displays the relation between a garden body and other gardens in two expression forms of 2D and 3D, maps independent attributes of 2D and 3D data into a coordinate axis, determines the position of each data point in a coordinate system, represents other attributes of a target through visual channels such as colors, sizes, shapes and the like, has the functions of zooming, rotating, moving, hiding, displaying and the like, and visually displays the structural relation between knowledge and the development process of the knowledge. The relational graph visualization display interface is shown in fig. 15.
The relation graph 3D shows that the multi-dimensional characteristics of the knowledge system are solved, based on a three-dimensional visual angle, under the condition that the value of a single node is clear, a visual angle capable of clearly observing the relation link is sought for the single node, under the visual angle, spreading of all sub-nodes needs to follow a certain direction, the clear relation link can be presented, data arrangement is more flexible, and tourists can more comprehensively acquire garden related knowledge. The 3D display interface is different from the flattening processing of the 2D interface, the overall relationship is placed in a vast universe, numerous data are just like an intricate galaxy network, and the kernel of the data is snooped by exploring the universe. The relationship map 3D display interface is shown in fig. 16.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A3D visualization display method for a classical garden knowledge graph is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the construction of a classical garden knowledge system comprises the following steps: acquiring data required by constructing a classical garden knowledge system, and processing the acquired data according to elements constituting the classical garden to form a data resource catalog;
step two: building a classical garden knowledge graph based on the classical garden knowledge system built in the step one, wherein the building process comprises the following steps: data management, knowledge system construction, knowledge entity construction and knowledge map construction;
step three: performing classical garden three-dimensional modeling, comprising: data collection and arrangement, data analysis and identification, generation of a model element library and primitive data, and production of a three-dimensional model product;
Step four: and displaying the classical garden knowledge graph by using a 3D visual display system.
2. The 3D visualization display method of the classical garden knowledge graph according to claim 1, wherein: the classical garden knowledge system adopts a three-dimensional structure frame model and comprises an X layer, a Y layer and a Z layer.
3. The 3D visualization display method of the classical garden knowledge graph according to claim 2, wherein: the X layer is a knowledge classification structure and mainly comprises: classical gardens, garden elements, garden history, garden culture, garden art, spatial information and related knowledge;
the Y aspect is gardens knowledge content meta attribute structure, and classical garden mainly includes: royal gardens, private gardens, temple gardens and other gardens; the garden elements are picking up mountains, arranging water, placing stones, building, plants and furnishing; the garden history mainly includes: historical continents, historical sites and historical figures; the garden culture mainly comprises: horizontal inscribed board couplets, poetry, vocation, talent introduction and the like; the garden art mainly comprises: garden artistic conception, garden landscaping and garden sculptures; the spatial information mainly includes: geographic information, spatial layout and garden perimeter;
And the Z layer is the knowledge attribute, the inter-knowledge relation, the association rule, the constraint condition and the visual display and application of the knowledge system.
4. The 3D visualization display method of the classical garden knowledge-graph according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the first step, the step of processing the acquired data to form a data resource directory is as follows: the method comprises the steps of cleaning various acquired data from different sources according to a unified data standard, checking data quality, classifying the data constructed according to a classical garden knowledge graph, defining and describing data element attributes, analyzing and formulating association rules and association relations among the data, and forming a data resource catalog.
5. The 3D visualization display method of the classical garden knowledge graph according to claim 4, wherein: in the first step, the construction of the classical garden knowledge system further comprises:
defining a metadata set: defining a metadata specification of a classical garden knowledge system;
and (3) establishing a classification system: formulating a classical garden data classification system based on the classical garden metadata set;
classifying the knowledge entities: classifying knowledge entities of the classical gardens based on a classical garden data classification system;
and (3) rule and constraint establishment: knowledge association rules and relationships of the classical garden knowledge system;
Defining attributes and relationships: the knowledge element attribute of the classical garden is defined according to data classification.
6. The 3D visualization display method of the classical garden knowledge graph according to claim 1, wherein: in the third step:
data collection and sorting: collecting and sorting the collected building CAD drawing, the measurement data, the photo, the unmanned aerial vehicle oblique photography data and the panoramic collected data, classifying and sorting according to types, and establishing a collected database;
data analysis and identification: through the arrangement of geometric data, texture data and attribute data, technical analysis and identification are carried out on the basis of project application, and detailed reference data of a target model are obtained;
generating a model element library and primitive data: generating basic model data as a three-dimensional model element library, correspondingly taking a picture on site, finely processing the basic model data as texture material data, and generating primitive information of scenes and articles as an interaction basis by taking application analysis as a leading factor;
production of three-dimensional model products: the production process of the three-dimensional model product is divided into five specific implementation stages of engineering design, data acquisition, manufacturing, importing synthesis and publishing application according to a standardized assembly line production mode, and the production of large-scale three-dimensional models and related products is completed according to the operation of each stage.
7. A3D visual display system of a classical garden knowledge graph, which is used in the 3D visual display method of the classical garden knowledge graph according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and is characterized in that: comprises a data resource layer, an application support layer and a service terminal layer, wherein,
data resource layer: for storage, integration and management of all data resources; .
Applying a support layer: the system is used for carrying out unified organization and management on various resources through a service model and an engine;
an application service layer: displaying the contents of classical gardens, garden history, garden culture, garden art and garden elements in a time map, virtual guide and knowledge map mode;
and a service terminal layer: including ordinary PC, cell-phone, LED large-size screen, holographic projection, and VR/AR wearable equipment.
8. The classical garden knowledge-graph 3D visual presentation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: the data stored, integrated and managed by the data resource layer comprises a classical garden knowledge map, related data contents, a knowledge index base, various character resources, picture resources, video resources and three-dimensional model resources.
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