CN1039620A - Method with coal dust and the direct smelting molten iron of powdered iron ore - Google Patents
Method with coal dust and the direct smelting molten iron of powdered iron ore Download PDFInfo
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- CN1039620A CN1039620A CN 88104282 CN88104282A CN1039620A CN 1039620 A CN1039620 A CN 1039620A CN 88104282 CN88104282 CN 88104282 CN 88104282 A CN88104282 A CN 88104282A CN 1039620 A CN1039620 A CN 1039620A
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Abstract
The present invention is a kind of method of utilizing coal dust and the direct smelting molten iron of powdered iron ore.The device that it adopts mainly by stove after horizontal or vertical forehearth, the shaft furnace formula, with forehearth after stove back stove furnace bottom dolly, preheater and the heat exchanger etc. that join form.Raw materials used for containing briquet, form by powdered iron ore, coal dust, binding agent and flux.Pelletizing enters the back stove and carries out prereduction after the preheater preheating, then in further reduction and the fusing of back stove dolly, and, eventually reduction overheated at forehearth, and carry out slag-molten iron and separate.This method less investment, the productivity height, adaptability to raw material is wide, and cost is low, applicable to middle-size and small-size Iron industry.
Description
The invention belongs to the smelting of iron.
Without coke, directly the Technology with non-coking coal production molten iron is the problem that at present domestic and international steel industry is competitively studied.Need adopt the high-quality reducing gas in the prior art, and with reducing gas pre-reduced iron ore on another shaft furnace that separates or fluidized-bed, or use a part of coke or moulded coal, maybe must use a large amount of pure oxygens or electric power to smelt iron its complex process, cost height.
In Chinese patent application, CN85100843A and CN85101937A provide similar iron-smelting process.Their main drawback is: preceding a kind of iron smelting method is not completely free of the dependence to coke or moulded coal as yet; What then a kind of method obtained is granulated iron, rather than molten iron, when producing foundry goods or making steelmaking feed with this granulated iron, also will consume more electric energy or fuel, makes it fusing.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of is raw material with powdered iron ore or the higher material of iron scale, iron filings or other iron content, is fuel and reductive agent with the non-coking coal powder, directly the Technology and the device thereof of smelting molten iron.
The present invention adopts the cold bonded coal-containing iron ore pellets to make iron-smelting raw material, is fuel and the direct smelting molten iron of reductive agent with the non-coking coal powder.
(weight %) is as follows for the chemical constitution of cold bonded coal-containing iron ore pellets: powdered iron ore (or iron scale, iron filings or the higher material of other iron-holder) 60～70%, coal dust 20～30%, binding agent 5～10%, flux 2～5%.The coal dust metabituminous coal accounts for 15～20%, and all the other are hard coal or coke powder or wooden carbon dust.Binding agent be in cement, spent pulp liquors, lime, water glass, bentonite or the sodium humate etc. any two or two or more.Flux is lime powder or limestone powder, and fluorite etc.
The cold bonded coal-containing iron ore pellets can be made ball, also available punching block or pair roller pressure ball with the garden dish.Green pellets can be gone into stove and be smelted after cryodrying or seasoning.
By the pelletizing smelting molten iron is to carry out in the coal dust iron-smelting furnace.This stove is made up of forehearth and back stove etc.Part coal dust sprays into the forehearth burning by primary air nozzle heat is provided, and is used for reduction and fusing pelletizing; Simultaneously, the high temperature low-quality reducing gas of generation enters the back stove from quirk, and contains coal iron ore pellets countercurrent flow, realizes preheating prereduction, and subsequently, pellets will enters overheated, the reduction eventually of forehearth, realizes that slag-iron separates.Technology of the present invention is continuous production, and material loading taps a blast furnace in batches and slags tap in batches.
This technology has following distinguishing feature:
1. because powdered iron ore and coal dust specific surface area are big, uniform distribution in pelletizing, contact closely, to contain briquet faster than iron ore or ferric oxide pellet mass transfer velocity so adopt, and the speed of response height can utilize the high temperature low-quality coal gas realization prereduction of coal-fired generation.
2. fuel makes full use of, and containing briquet has certain resistance of oxidation.Coal can be realized very high perfect combustion rate at forehearth in this technology, and promptly the CO post-combustion rate reaches more than 80%, and the gas excess amount is very low, and the fuel utilization is abundant like this, has improved the energy density in the input stove greatly.In addition, the coal-fired high-temperature flue gas that produces the back stove with contain coal iron ore pellets countercurrent flow, thermo-efficiency height, pelletizing reach more than 1000 ℃ after going into stove very soon, can reach 0.45～0.90 at the degree of metalization of stove bottom, back pelletizing.
3. less investment, equipment is simpler, movement-less part in the stove, the productivity height, productive expense is low, can be suitable for wide geographic area and develop middle-size and small-size Iron industry with suiting measures to local conditions.
Description of drawings:
Accompanying drawing 1 is the process flow sheet with coal dust and the direct smelting molten iron of powdered iron ore.
Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representation of coal dust iron-smelting furnace device.
In the accompanying drawing 1,1,2,3,4 are respectively coal dust, the storage tank of powdered iron ore, flux and binding agent, and 5 are batching and blender, and 6 are spreading, kneading process, and 7 are moulding, and 8 is drying and consolidating, and 9 for sieving, and 10 is coal dust iron-smelting furnace smelting molten iron
In the accompanying drawing 2,11 is gas blower, and 12 is the coal dust storage tank, 13 is an airduct road, and 14 is the hot blast conveying pipe road, and 15 is forehearth, 16 is back stove furnace bottom dolly, 17 is back stove (shaft furnace), and 18 is preheater, and 19 is chimney heat exchanger, 20 is feeder, 21 is primary air nozzle, and 22 is overfiren air port, and 23,24 are respectively the tap a blast furnace mouth of a river and the slag notch of forehearth.
Forehearth 15 is a horizontal or vertical garden column construction, and its length-to-diameter is (3～4): 1; Back stove is that section is the shaft furnace of garden shape, and its height is (5～10) with diameter ratio: 1.
Forehearth 15 is both as coal dust air cyclone combustion chamber, produces the required heat of ironmaking, and again as the molten bath, slag-molten iron is in this separation, overheated, the molten iron of slagging tap respectively.17 pairs of pelletizings of back stove carry out preheating and fusing.Back stove furnace bottom dolly 16 is connected with back stove 17 with forehearth 15 respectively, and this dolly is an active, is plug in construction, and lays in orbit, can pull out, and separates with forehearth 15 and back stove 17, is convenient to change and the maintenance furnace bottom.In order to improve the thermo-efficiency of forehearth 15, the coal powder burner of whirlwind floated or scroll casing type or sidewall tangent line powder feeding formula can be installed at primary air nozzle 21 places.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 1, contain coal iron ore pellets desired raw material powdered iron ore, coal dust, binding agent and flux by the proportion ingredient of determining after, mix, carry out spreading or kneading and compacting,, make and contain coal iron ore green pellets thereupon at low temperature (100～200 ℃) drying and consolidating down or under the natural condition.Green pellets can enter the coal dust iron-smelting furnace and smelt after sieving.
This contains the coal iron ore pellets after seasoning, and mean compressive strength is greater than 60kgf/cm
2Or 〉=a 30kgf/ ball, 1.8 meters dropping strength 〉=0.8; Pelletizing after 200 ℃ of oven dry, even ultimate compression strength 〉=70kgf/cm
2Or 〉=a 35kgf/ ball, 1.8 meters dropping strength 〉=0.95.
With reference to the accompanying drawings 2, as follows with the process that contains coal iron ore pellets smelting molten iron:
The wind that gas blower 11 is supplied with is sent the coal dust in the coal dust storage tank mouth into forehearth 15 through pipeline 13 and is burnt, and it is combustion-supporting that the hot blast after chimney heat exchanger 19 and stack gases heat exchange enters forehearth 15 through pipeline 14, and hot blast temperature can reach 100～500 ℃; The cold bonded coal-containing iron ore pellets is furnace roof portion pelletizing preheater 18 after feeder 20 enters, and the hot waste gas that utilizes back stove 17 to discharge carries out preheating; Pelletizing after the preheating enters back stove 17; High temperature low-quality reducing gas stove 17 through dolly 16 enters after that forehearth burning produces, with descend gradually from back stove top contain the briquet countercurrent flow, carry out prereduction; Back furnace temperature can reach 1000～1400 ℃; Through the pelletizing after the prereduction fusing and further reduction in the stove furnace bottom dolly 16 of back; Furnace charge after the fusing flows into forehearth 15 and realizes overheated and whole reduction, and carries out slag-molten iron and separate.Every certain interval of time is respectively by slag notch 24 and iron notch 23 deslagginves with go out molten iron.The molten iron temperature of producing reaches 1350～1500 ℃.In forehearth 15, spray into certain pulvis, can adjust the composition of molten iron and slag to molten iron, slag.
Product molten iron carbon content of the present invention can reach 1.0～4.5%, and other composition can be adjusted.
Also available gaseous state of fuel or liquid fuel that the present invention uses at forehearth, as natural gas or oil fuel, but combustion unit need be done corresponding change.A wind is the carrier gas of fuel coal powder, and secondary air is combustion-supporting hot blast or oxygen.Acting as a fuel must be more than 6000 kilocalorie/kilogram with the calorific value of coal dust.By the ratio of change total blast volume with contained coal dust amount, can regulate the coefficient of excess air of coal dust firings in the forehearth 15, so that regulate temperature and high-temperature flue gas composition in the stove according to arts demand, this coefficient is more suitable between being controlled at 0.6～1.05.
In the present invention, if adopt the outer primary heater unit of stove (as using coal powder burner) that pelletizing is heated to 1200 ℃, and be incubated half an hour, then the pelletizing degree of metalization can reach more than 80%, and the productivity of this device will double.
Embodiment
According to technical process of the present invention and processing parameter, contain coal iron ore pellets and the direct smelt iron water test of coal dust for carrying out twice usefulness in 1 ton the coal dust iron-smelting furnace per hour in productivity.
Contain the composition proportion of coal iron ore pellets and the composition of fuel used coal dust and list table 1 and table 2 respectively in.
Table 1, contain the chemical constitution (weight %) of coal iron ore pellets
Table 2, bunker coal meal component (weight %)
| Heat (batch) number | Coal | Fixed carbon | Ash content | Volatile matter | Calorific value kilocalorie/kilogram |
| 1 | Hard coal | 80 | 11 | 6 | 7400 |
| Bituminous coal | 48 | 18 | 33 | 6400 | |
| 2 | Hard coal | 72 | 18 | 7 | 6900 |
| Bituminous coal | 44 | 21 | 33 | 6070 |
The smelting process of twice test is as follows:
During blow-on, after forehearth 15 igniting, use bituminous coal and freezing air burning baker 100 minutes and 80 minutes respectively, after the stove bottom temperature all reaches about 1500 ℃ before and after making, begin from back stove furnace roof feeding in continuous material, every batch of material weighs 100 kilograms, and a small amount of lime block and fluorite etc.Feed intake and put slag for the first time back half an hour.Put primary slag every 10 minutes later on, go out molten iron one time after whenever going out twice slag.
The used coal iron ore pellets amount that contains in twice test, go out iron water amount, molten iron consumption of coal per ton (comprise and contain coal amount and forehearth burning coal in the pelletizing), molten iron per ton consumes ore deposit amount, basicity of slag etc. and all lists table 3 in.
Pelletizing consumption, coal consumption amount in table 3, twice test, go out indexs such as iron water amount
| Heat (batch) number | Pelletizing amount kilogram | The iron water amount kilogram | Molten iron consumption of coal kilogram per ton | Molten iron consumption per ton ore deposit amount kilogram | Basicity of slag | Molten iron temperature ℃ | Iron yield % |
| 1 | 2300 | 900 | 825 | 1790 | 0.5 | 1350～1430 | 84.5 |
| 2 | 2100 | 800 | 810 | 1810 | 0.6 | 1350～1430 | 92 |
In twice test, molten iron carbon content difference 2.4% and 2.5%, sulfur content of hot metal is respectively 0.32% and 0.14%.
Claims (13)
1, a kind of device that utilizes coal dust and the direct smelting molten iron of powdered iron ore is characterized in that this device is by forehearth, back stove (shaft furnace), back stove furnace bottom dolly, preheater, compositions such as chimney heat exchanger, feeder, gas blower and coal dust storage tank.
2, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that forehearth is a horizontal or vertical garden column construction, and its length-to-diameter is (3～4): 1; Back stove is that section is the shaft furnace of garden shape, and its height is (5～10) with diameter ratio: 1.
3, device according to claim 1 is characterized in that back stove furnace bottom dolly is an active, is plug in construction, joins with forehearth and back stove respectively; Dolly is laid in orbit, can pull out.
4, device according to claim 2 is characterized in that forehearth has slag notch and iron notch.
5, a kind of described device of claim 1 that utilizes is a raw material to contain the coal iron ore pellets, is the technology of the direct smelting molten iron of fuel with the coal dust, it is characterized in that containing the coal iron ore pellets at first through after after the preheater preheating of stove (shaft furnace) furnace roof, enter back stove prereduction; The forehearth coal heating is that the coal dust that carries with wind is a fuel, and carry out combustion-supporting with the hot blast after the chimney heat exchanger heat exchange (secondary air), the high temperature low-quality reducing gas that forehearth burning produces enters the back stove through back stove furnace bottom dolly, with descend gradually from back stove top contain coal iron ore pellets countercurrent flow; Through the pelletizing of prereduction after fusing and reduction eventually in the stove furnace bottom dolly; Fusing back furnace charge enters forehearth and realizes overheated and whole reduction, and realizes that slag-molten iron separates.
6, technology according to claim 5, the chemical constitution (weight %) that it is characterized in that containing the coal iron ore pellets is as follows: powdered iron ore 60～70%; Coal dust 20～30%; Binding agent 5～10%; Flux 2～5%.
7, technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that binding agent is by any two or two or more composition the in cement, spent pulp liquors, lime, water glass, bentonite and the sodium humate etc.
8, technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that flux is lime powder, limestone powder and fluorite etc.
9, technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that the coal dust metabituminous coal accounts for 15～20%, and all the other are hard coal or coke powder or wooden carbon dust.
10, technology according to claim 6 is characterized in that powdered iron ore can be by iron scale or iron filings or the high raw material replacement part of other iron content.
11, technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that and can spray into certain pulvis in molten iron, slag molten bath at forehearth, adjusts the composition of molten iron and slag.
12, technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that also available gaseous state of fuel or liquid fuel (as Sweet natural gas, fuel wet goods) that forehearth uses, and secondary air is available oxygen also.
13, technology according to claim 5 is characterized in that the coefficient of excess air of forehearth coal dust firing should be controlled between 0.6～1.05.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88104282 CN1017628B (en) | 1988-07-19 | 1988-07-19 | Method for smelting molten iron directly from powdered coal and iron ore |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88104282 CN1017628B (en) | 1988-07-19 | 1988-07-19 | Method for smelting molten iron directly from powdered coal and iron ore |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1039620A true CN1039620A (en) | 1990-02-14 |
| CN1017628B CN1017628B (en) | 1992-07-29 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 88104282 Expired CN1017628B (en) | 1988-07-19 | 1988-07-19 | Method for smelting molten iron directly from powdered coal and iron ore |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1017628B (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102168159A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-08-31 | 北京科技大学 | Reducing agent for carrying out direct reduction roasting on limonite and hematite to produce reduced iron |
| CN102758046A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-10-31 | 沈阳博联特熔融还原科技有限公司 | Shortened production equipment and method of coal-based direct reduced iron |
| CN102851418A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2013-01-02 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Method for cold consolidation briquetting and briquette blast furnace coking-free smelting |
| CN103320562A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-25 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting molten iron from dedusting ash |
| CN104561534A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-29 | 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 | Magnesium containing fluxed oxide pellets and preparation method thereof |
| CN108411126A (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2018-08-17 | 昆明有色冶金设计研究院股份公司 | A kind of titanium slag smelting system and method based on prereduction |
| CN112143911A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2020-12-29 | 新兴铸管股份有限公司 | Zinc-containing blast furnace gas ash smelting device and smelting method |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1059706C (en) * | 1996-09-28 | 2000-12-20 | 北京科技大学 | Gas circulative reduction smelting process for carbon containing pellets |
-
1988
- 1988-07-19 CN CN 88104282 patent/CN1017628B/en not_active Expired
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102168159A (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2011-08-31 | 北京科技大学 | Reducing agent for carrying out direct reduction roasting on limonite and hematite to produce reduced iron |
| CN102168159B (en) * | 2011-04-15 | 2013-05-01 | 北京科技大学 | Reducing agent for carrying out direct reduction roasting on limonite and hematite to produce reduced iron |
| CN102758046A (en) * | 2012-03-20 | 2012-10-31 | 沈阳博联特熔融还原科技有限公司 | Shortened production equipment and method of coal-based direct reduced iron |
| CN102851418A (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2013-01-02 | 中冶南方工程技术有限公司 | Method for cold consolidation briquetting and briquette blast furnace coking-free smelting |
| CN103320562A (en) * | 2013-06-21 | 2013-09-25 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Method for smelting molten iron from dedusting ash |
| CN104561534A (en) * | 2015-01-26 | 2015-04-29 | 内蒙古包钢钢联股份有限公司 | Magnesium containing fluxed oxide pellets and preparation method thereof |
| CN108411126A (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2018-08-17 | 昆明有色冶金设计研究院股份公司 | A kind of titanium slag smelting system and method based on prereduction |
| CN108411126B (en) * | 2018-05-01 | 2023-10-17 | 昆明有色冶金设计研究院股份公司 | Titanium slag smelting system and method based on pre-reduction |
| CN112143911A (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2020-12-29 | 新兴铸管股份有限公司 | Zinc-containing blast furnace gas ash smelting device and smelting method |
| CN112143911B (en) * | 2020-10-09 | 2023-12-26 | 新兴铸管股份有限公司 | Zinc-containing blast furnace gas ash smelting device and smelting method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1017628B (en) | 1992-07-29 |
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