CN1039431A - 用连续长丝纤维增强的含氟聚合物结构复合材料 - Google Patents

用连续长丝纤维增强的含氟聚合物结构复合材料 Download PDF

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CN1039431A
CN1039431A CN89106400A CN89106400A CN1039431A CN 1039431 A CN1039431 A CN 1039431A CN 89106400 A CN89106400 A CN 89106400A CN 89106400 A CN89106400 A CN 89106400A CN 1039431 A CN1039431 A CN 1039431A
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fluoropolymer
composite material
matrix material
continuous filament
structural composite
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CN1031585C (zh
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韦恩·弗朗西斯·金泰尔
哈维路易·克里曼
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EIDP Inc
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EI Du Pont de Nemours and Co
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/0405—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres
    • C08J5/042—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material with inorganic fibres with carbon fibres
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms

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Abstract

一种复合材料，其中包括一种含氟聚合物树脂基体以及用来增强的连续的排列好的长丝纤维，该复合材料可用于腐蚀性的高温环境中。

Description

本发明涉及一种用连续长丝纤维增强的含氟聚合物树脂基体，尤其是涉及由此树脂基体形成的可用于腐蚀性高温环境中的结构复合材料。
尽管大家都知道，含氟聚合物树脂在苛刻的化学环境中是耐腐蚀的，但是以这些树脂为基的增强纤维复合材料由于其强度低且弯曲模量低，因此实际上不能作为结构物最终应用，也得不到与一般复合材料等同的机械性能。因此，人们非常希望提供一种具有高刚度，高强度和耐腐蚀的复合材料结构，它可在极苛刻的化学环境中适用于高温操作条件。
本发明的复合材料包括：含氟聚合物或碳氟树脂的基体以及作为增强用的连续长纤维，连续的长纤维最好是沿轴向排列好的碳纤维，含氟聚合物最好是乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物，纤维对树脂的比率范围从10%至70%。此外，本发明还包括由此成型的非平面及平面结构。
图1至3图示了用于本发明成型非平面形状的复合材料结构的设备。
一种较为理想的成型由连续长纤维增强的树脂基体的前体纤维束的加工方法已在美国专利4640861中公开。其中制取增强的纤维材料的方法是将一排预热的拉伸纤维通过一个弧形挤出头，在挤出头内，聚合物流过经纱排，用聚合物将其涂覆。此处将美国专利4640861引作参考。当用含氟聚合物成型这样一束碳纤维时，我们发现在预热纤维之前先对碳纤维进行润滑涂层处理是很有用的。
施加基体聚合物的其它技术包括将粉状树脂喷晒在纤维上接着加热熔融或者将树脂纤维与连续的长经纱混合，然后加热熔化树脂纤维从而形成基体树脂和薄膜的叠层。
可以用各种方法制取复合材料结构。因此上面所述的纤维束形成可排成长丝绕制结构或将许多这类纤维束部分堆叠起来在压力下加热形成不同种类的复合材料结构。
为了形成长丝缠绕结构，使用了如图所示的设备，该设备已在1987年9月11日提交的美国专利申请095，235（共同未决定申请）中描述，由多股连续长纤维增强的含氟树脂使用此设备，可制成上述的长丝绕制结构。特别是参见图1至3，本发明所用的纱线叠铺头由数字10表示，如图所示它包括一台梭架12，梭架上装有一可靠近和远离旋转卷芯16的喂料杆14。梭架、喂料杆和卷芯属于型号为W60-16由McClean        Anderson        of        Milwaukee，Wis制作的三轴长绕缠绕机并带有一台N-210型计算机。安装在喂料杆上的是红外加热器28，加热的导向板和一个明火焰加热器22（图1）。
当梭架12纵向移动到卷芯16时，多股热塑性树脂浸渍的纱线24就从许多供线纱筒26上拉出，纱筒26安装在引出辊筒子架25上，筒子架25还配有一台能施加所希望水平后张力的机械（图中未示），用它可以控制纱筒26的放卷张力，这种机械例如是由West        Caldwell，New        Jersey的Compensating        Tensions        Controls，Inc制造的型号为800        CO12型张力补偿器。
当纱线铺叠头相对于被绕制在卷芯16上的结构移动时，多股热塑性树脂浸渍的纱线24就曝置于辐射加热器（型号5535，由Minneapolis，Minnesota的Research        Inc制造）中，在这些加热器中，热塑性树脂被加热至其熔融温度的10℃范围内。纱线股然后穿过加热的导向板20。在优选的实施例中，此板是用强阳极化抛光的、并用聚四氟乙烯涂复的铝制园眼。用电加热板20a（如型号为MBIEIJNI的MI加热板）环绕导向板，加热板将热塑性塑料加热至其熔融点以上，降解温度以下，此温度应当理解为低于增强纤维的熔点。安装在喂料杆14顶端的是一个明火焰加热器22（一种带有3号喷咀的Vulcan        Universal丙烷喷灯），带材24通过加热器上方至卷芯16上的铺设位置28，加热器对已绕制在卷芯上的部分带材表面加热并由此导致加热卷芯，同时在长纱从导向板20移动至位置28时对其直接进行加热，确保铺设位置28上的熔融吻合表面。
图2中，明火焰加热器22用红外加热器22′（由Research        Inc制造的5535型）取代，图3中火焰加热器22用热空气喷枪加热器22″（由Sylvania制造的Serpentine        VICHE        128767型）取代。
例1
将一束具有大约3000长丝的Hercules        As4连续石墨长丝用熔融注射方法将乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物涂复至40-60%（体积）的水平。
将2至4个已涂复的这些石墨长丝绕线管安装到引出辊筒子架上，它具有可控放卷张力的机械（由Compensating        Tension        Controls        Inc制造的800CO12型张力补偿器）。纤维束借助于下游的椭园形旋转卷芯前进，并且张力机械对每根运动的纤维束施加大约2000gm的张力。运动的纤维束然后穿过下游纤维缠绕机的“头”部分。此缠绕机包括：（1）预热部分（用红外加热器加热），它可将纤维束加热至320℃，接下去是（2）用板式加热器预热至320℃的导向眼，（3）热空气加热源，它紧挨着旋转卷芯（相隔3厘米）并使纱线的温度保持在320℃，（4）纤维束最终铺设在电加热卷芯上（大约为280℃）。
由计算机控制的缠绕机由预编程序生产带有±45°/90°/±45°/90°/±45°/90°缠绕角的6呎长管子。
完成绕制后，将卷芯和管子冷却大约1小时，直至温度降至100℃左右。这些预成型结构在腐蚀性的高温度环境中是令人满意的。
例2
将例1所制备的涂复石墨纤维通过框架缠绕制成1/8″厚的单向复合材料板。然后将这些板用每个ASTM测试方法中的D790进行测试。挠曲强度为55，000PSI，挠曲模量为1.16×107PSI。

Claims (4)

1、一种复合材料，它包括：含氟聚合物树脂基体以及用于增强的连续的长丝纤维。
2、如权利要求1的复合材料，其中所述的连续纤维是排列好的碳纤维。
3、如权利要求2的复合材料，其中所述的含氟聚合物是乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物。
4、如权利要求3的复合材料，其中复合材料的挠曲模量大于二百万PSI。
CN89106400A 1988-06-20 1989-06-20 用连续长丝纤维增强的含氟聚合物结构复合材料 Expired - Lifetime CN1031585C (zh)

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DE (1) DE68909688T2 (zh)
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CN1514738B (zh) * 2001-06-13 2011-10-19 盖廷格谢尔港股份公司 用于高压灭菌器上的装置

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FR2918082B1 (fr) * 2007-06-27 2011-07-01 Arkema France Procede d'impregnation de fibres continues par une matrice polymerique composite renfermant un polymere fluore greffe.
US11260637B2 (en) * 2017-05-10 2022-03-01 Daikin Industries, Ltd. Sheet, laminate, pipe, riser tube, and flowline
KR20210029868A (ko) 2019-09-06 2021-03-17 함영국 기구 비행체를 이용한 농작물 관리 시스템
KR20220084346A (ko) * 2019-11-27 2022-06-21 다이킨 고교 가부시키가이샤 복합 재료의 제조 방법

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US3023129A (en) * 1957-11-08 1962-02-27 Union Carbide Corp Crease proofing of cellulosic textile materials
US3023120A (en) * 1958-08-25 1962-02-27 Gen Dispersions Inc Plastic coated, fluorocarbon resin-impregnated glass fiber cloth tape and method of making the same
EP0107793A1 (en) * 1982-09-29 1984-05-09 Daikin Kogyo Co., Ltd. Carbon fiber-containing fluoroelastomer composition
DE3236447C2 (de) * 1982-10-01 1985-12-12 Dornier System Gmbh, 7990 Friedrichshafen Verfahren zur Herstellung von mit Endlosfasern verstärkten Formkörpern
FR2548084B1 (fr) * 1983-06-28 1985-12-13 Ato Chimie Procede de fabrication d'objets composites et objets composites obtenus
US4640861A (en) * 1984-06-07 1987-02-03 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Fiber reinforced thermoplastic material
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1514738B (zh) * 2001-06-13 2011-10-19 盖廷格谢尔港股份公司 用于高压灭菌器上的装置

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AU3659989A (en) 1989-12-21
EP0347826B1 (en) 1993-10-06
KR910000328A (ko) 1991-01-29
DK305689D0 (da) 1989-06-20
DE68909688D1 (de) 1993-11-11
ATE95532T1 (de) 1993-10-15
JPH0258545A (ja) 1990-02-27
BR8902980A (pt) 1990-02-06
EP0347826A2 (en) 1989-12-27
RU1825334C (ru) 1993-06-30
KR0134630B1 (ko) 1998-04-20
EP0347826A3 (en) 1990-05-09
IL90656A0 (en) 1990-01-18
ES2046377T3 (es) 1994-02-01
CN1031585C (zh) 1996-04-17
AU615754B2 (en) 1991-10-10
MX169665B (es) 1993-07-16
IL90656A (en) 1992-07-15
DK305689A (da) 1989-12-21

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