CN103926253B - Linear frequency modulation ultrasonic excitation-based infrared thermal wave nondestructive testing method and system - Google Patents
Linear frequency modulation ultrasonic excitation-based infrared thermal wave nondestructive testing method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103926253B CN103926253B CN201410162687.9A CN201410162687A CN103926253B CN 103926253 B CN103926253 B CN 103926253B CN 201410162687 A CN201410162687 A CN 201410162687A CN 103926253 B CN103926253 B CN 103926253B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a linear frequency modulation ultrasonic excitation-based infrared thermal wave nondestructive testing method and system. The method comprises the following steps: S1, adjusting spatial positions of an ultrasonic excitation head and a tested sample, and switching on a switch of a cylinder pressing device to ensure that the ultrasonic excitation head is in close contact with the surface of the tested sample, controlling a signal generator to generate a linear frequency modulation pulse signal through a computer, and driving an ultrasonic generator and power amplifier unit to ensure that the ultrasonic power regularly changes according to the linear frequency modulation pulse signal; S2, starting an ultrasonic generator, and acquiring a surface thermal wave signal of the tested sample; and S3, processing the acquired surface thermal wave signal, extracting time-frequency domain characteristic information of the surface thermal wave signal, and integrating the time-frequency domain characteristic information to obtain a characteristic image for characterizing internal defects of the material. The system comprises an ultrasonic excitation device, the ultrasonic generator and power amplifier unit, the signal generator, a focal plane thermal infrared imager and the computer. The internal defects of the material can be rapidly and accurately detected by the method and the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of infrared thermal wave detection meanss using ultrasonic red excitation are realizing fault in material Non-Destructive Testing
Method and system, a kind of more particularly to infrared thermal wave NDT method and system of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting.
Background technology
Ultrasonic infrared thermal wave NDT technology be a kind of active infra-red thermal wave imaging with ultrasound wave as driving source without
Detection technique is damaged, the technology can effectively detect contact interface type flaw, such as metal fatigue crackle, and composite is layered, takes off
Viscous defect and hard brittle material crackle and impact injury etc..Ultrasound wave spread speed in solids is fast, decays little, when with material in
When portion's defect interacts, heat will be produced in defect area, using thermal infrared imager the temperature of tested sample surface will be recorded
Degree signal, by the characteristic information of analysis temperature signal, determines the defect of material internal.The infrared lock-in thermography technology of ultrasound is mesh
One of front most widely used ultrasonic infrared thermal wave NDT technology, the technology can overcome heating inequality, detection speed slow
The shortcomings of, but the signal to noise ratio of the method temperature signal is relatively low.
The content of the invention
In order to further improve the investigation depth of ultrasonic infrared thermal wave NDT technology, suppress the impact of background noise,
The invention provides a kind of infrared thermal wave NDT method and system of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, using linear frequency modulation arteries and veins
Rush signal to be modulated the intensity of ultrasound wave, significantly improve the signal to noise ratio of testing result, improve defects detection depth, energy
Enough realize the accurately and reliably detection to material internal defect.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solution：
A kind of infrared thermal wave NDT method of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, comprises the following steps：
S1, adjustment ultrasonic exciting head and the locus of tested exemplar, open the switch of air-cylinder compressing device, make ultrasound
Wave excitation head and tested exemplar intimate surface contact, using BNC data wires by the signal output channels port of signal generator with
The modulated-analog signal input port of supersonic generator power amplifier is connected, and by computer control signal generator line is produced
Property chirp signal, drive supersonic generator power amplifier, make the power of ultrasound wave according to chirp pulse signal
Rule changes；
S2, computer is connected with focal plane thermal infrared imager using Ethernet data line, opens supersonic generator, led to
Cross computer focal plane thermal infrared imager to be triggered, gather tested exemplar surface heat ripple signal, record at least 2 ~ 3 week
Phase, in order to intactly obtain the time and frequency domain characteristics information of surface heat wave signal, focal plane thermal infrared imager sample frequency should be arranged
For 5 ~ 10 times of linear FM signal highest frequency, by the view data for collecting storage under computer respective directories；
S3, the surface heat wave signal to gathering are processed, and extract the time and frequency domain characteristics information of surface heat wave signal, are passed through
Time and frequency domain characteristics information integration obtains characterizing the characteristic image of material internal defect, realizes to the fast of exemplar internal flaw and damage
Speed, accurately detection.
More specifically, a kind of infrared thermal wave NDT method of above-described linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, described
The step of S1 in, ultrasonic exciting head makes ultrasonic exciting head wait to swash with tested exemplar by adjusting apparatus adjustment space position
Encourage region surface close contact.
More specifically, a kind of infrared thermal wave NDT method of above-described linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, described
The step of S2 in, the time of integration is capable of achieving by the triggering of focal plane thermal infrared imager control and sample frequency is arranged.
More specifically, a kind of infrared thermal wave NDT method of above-described linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, described
The step of S3 in, using related algorithm（The algorithms most in use of signal procesing in time domain analysis）With Hilbert transform algorithm to collection
Surface heat wave signal is processed, and extracts the time and frequency domain characteristics information of surface heat wave signal, and feature is shown in the form of gray-scale maps
Frame.
A kind of infrared thermal wave NDT system of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, including ultrasonic exciting device, ultrasound
Wave producer and power amplifier, signal generator, focal plane thermal infrared imager and computer, wherein：
The ultrasonic exciting device to realize the adjustment of ultrasonic exciting head position, it include ultrasound wave adjustment platform,
Trachea, air gauge, air-cylinder compressing device, ultrasonic exciting head frame and ultrasonic exciting head, air-cylinder compressing device and ultrasound
Wave excitation head is connected, and is together fixed on ultrasonic exciting head frame, and ultrasonic exciting head frame is placed on ultrasound
On the horizontal support bar of ripple adjustment platform, it is capable of achieving 3 and rotates and 2 moving movements, air pressure is controlled by air gauge, and by trachea
Air-cylinder compressing device is connected to, ultrasonic exciting head is in close contact with detection exemplar by air-cylinder compressing device.The ultrasound
Ripple adjustment platform include workbench, exemplar clamping device, vertical pillars, down-feed screw, vertical direction locking device, horizontal column,
Horizontal screw lead and horizontal direction locking device, exemplar clamping device and vertical pillars are fixed on the table, horizontal column with hang down
Right cylinder is connected, and down-feed screw controls horizontal column along the movement of vertical pillars and around vertical pillars with vertical direction locking device
Rotation, horizontal screw lead and horizontal direction locking device control ultrasonic exciting head along horizontal column movement with around horizontal column
Rotation.
The supersonic generator is with power amplifier to drive ultrasonic exciting head to produce ultrasonic activation；
The signal generator is to produce linear FM signal；
The focal plane thermal infrared imager is to gather the surface heat graphic sequence of tested sample；
The computer gathers tested sample surface heat wave signal to control focal plane thermal infrared imager, to collecting
Infrared image sequence processed accordingly, extract heat wave signal time and frequency domain characteristics information, and formed characteristic image determination
The information such as the shape of defect, size and position；
Believe with the analog-modulated of supersonic generator power amplifier the signal output channels port of the signal generator
Number input port is connected, and computer is connected respectively with focal plane thermal infrared imager and signal generator, supersonic generator power
Amplifier is connected with ultrasound probe.
In the present invention, using focal plane thermal infrared imager pixel 320 × 256, heat sensitivity 20mK, the maximum sampling frequency of full width
Rate is 170Hz.
In the present invention, using ultrasound wave as driving source, ultrasonic frequency 17-68kHz, most peak power 1500W, lofty tone
Frequency processed is 10Hz.
In the present invention, ensure that ultrasonic exciting head is in close contact with detection exemplar using air-cylinder compressing device.
In the present invention, the locus that platform is adjusted ultrasonic exciting head are adjusted using ultrasound wave.
In the present invention, arranged by the triggering control realization time of integration and sample frequency of focal plane thermal infrared imager, it is complete
Into heat wave signals collecting.
The present invention, as driving source, is extracted using linear frequency modulation ultrasound wave using related algorithm and Hilbert transform algorithm
Surface heat wave signal time and frequency domain characteristics information is simultaneously analyzed.For material internal defect, linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting it is red
Outer heat wave lossless detection method, the multiple characteristic informations of sample surface heat wave signal that can be obtained simultaneously, significantly improves characteristic image
Signal to noise ratio and contrast.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the infrared thermal wave NDT system schematic of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting；
Fig. 2 is that ultrasound wave adjusts platform schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is air-cylinder compressing device schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but is not limited thereto, it is every to this
Inventive technique scheme is modified or equivalent, without deviating from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be covered
In protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the infrared thermal wave imaging nondestructive inspection method of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting is soft using computer
Part processes the lossless detection method that infrared image sequence realizes exemplar internal flaw.Focal plane thermal infrared imager 24 and calculating in figure
The Ethernet interface connection of machine 2, is shown and is set using the initialization and image of the focal plane thermal infrared imager 24 of computer 21
Put.Ultrasound wave is injected into the surface of tested exemplar 28 by ultrasound probe 27, and signal generator 20 is by holding wire 19 and ultrasound wave
Power amplifier 16 is connected, and control ultrasonic power intensity changes according to linear frequency modulation rule, ultrasound wave is entered to be injected into tested
In exemplar 28, the surface heat wave signal of the surface of tested exemplar 28 generation is recorded, and extract heat wave signal characteristic information and form special
Image is levied, characteristic image is processed and is analyzed, extract the tested internal flaw feature of exemplar 28, realized in tested exemplar 28
Portion's defect and quick, the accurate detection of damage.
The present invention be embodied as include three parts：The ultrasonic exciting of linear frequency modulation rule modulation, focal plane are infrared
Thermal imaging system gathers image sequence and heat wave signal processing and analyzes with characteristic image.
First, the ultrasonic exciting step of linear frequency modulation rule modulation
Step 1：By workbench 1, vertical pillars 2, vertical locking device 3, vertical rotary handle 4, down-feed screw 5, level
Column 6, horizontal screw lead 7, horizontal locking device 8 are assembled into ultrasound probe adjustment platform with horizontal rotation handle 16, assemble result
As shown in Figure 2；
Step 2：Tested exemplar 28 is fixed on exemplar clamping device 26, by cylinder 15 by trachea 13 and cylinder-pressing
Device 12 connects, and ultrasonic exciting head 28 is assembled on ultrasonic exciting head frame 9, opens switching cylinder, adjusts air pressure
Table 14, makes air pressure reach 0.2MPa, opens air-cylinder compressing device switch 10, makes ultrasonic exciting head 27 be pressed to tested sample 28
On；
Step 3：By the signal output part of signal generator 20 by holding wire 19 and supersonic generator and power amplification
The modulated-analog signal input of device 18 is connected, and signal generator 20 is connected by USB data line 22 with computer 21；
Step 4：Ultrasonic transducer 11 is connected by power line 17 with supersonic generator with power amplifier 18, is beaten
The on and off switch of ultrasonic power amplifier 18 is opened, chirp pulse signal parameter is set, realize that ultrasonic exciting head 27 is produced
The power of raw ultrasonic activation changes according to chirp rule.
2nd, focal plane thermal infrared imager collection image sequence step
Step 1：Focal plane thermal infrared imager 24 is fixed in adjustment frame 25, by data wire 23 and computer 21
Ethernet interface connects；
Step 2：The Initialize installation and Real-time image display of focal plane thermal infrared imager 24 are completed using computer 21, is adjusted
The focusing lens of section focal plane thermal infrared imager 24, it is ensured that screen supernatant of the region to be detected of tested exemplar 28 in computer 21
It is clear visible；
Step 3：The output switch of ultrasonic power amplifier 18 is opened, makes the ultrasound wave that ultrasonic exciting head 27 is produced shake
Dynamic power presses chirp rule and encourages tested exemplar 28；
Step 4：The heat wave signal that the region surface to be checked of tested exemplar 28 is produced is recorded, 2 ~ 3 cycles are recorded, is
The time and frequency domain characteristics information of heat wave signal is intactly collected, focal plane thermal infrared imager 24 sample frequency should be set to linearly
5 ~ 10 times of FM signal highest frequency, by the view data for collecting storage under the respective directories of computer 21.
3rd, heat wave Radar Signal Processing and characteristic image analytical procedure
Step 1：By computer programming the infrared image sequence to gathering is processed and analyzed, using related algorithm
Time and frequency domain characteristics information with Hilbert transform algorithm extracts heat wave signal, forms characteristic information image；
Step 2：Characteristic image is processed and is analyzed, extracted the characteristic parameter of the tested internal flaw of exemplar 28, realized
To the detection zone internal flaw of tested exemplar 28 and quick, the accurate detection of damage.
4th, Non-Destructive Testing example
In order to illustrate the actually detected effect of the method, the experiment for non-destructive testing experiment of metal exemplar has been carried out.
The experiment for non-destructive testing experiment of metal exemplar：Modeling interface contact deficiency sample is made, depth of defect is 2mm, and defect is straight
Footpath is 10mm.Linear frequency modulation excitation parameters：Power 1500W, the original frequency 0.1Hz of linear FM signal, terminate frequency 1Hz,
Pulse period is 10s；The recording parameterses of focal plane thermal infrared imager：Sample frequency 50Hz, sampling time 40s.
Actually detected result is：The actually detected defect shape of metal exemplar can be recognized accurately, with ultrasonic infrared lock phase
Testing result is compared, and the characteristic image of the method has higher signal to noise ratio.Using The inventive method achieves in exemplar
Portion's defect and relatively rapid, the accurate detection of damage.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of infrared thermal wave NDT method of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, it is characterised in that methods described step is such as
Under：
S1, adjustment ultrasonic exciting head and the locus of tested exemplar, open the switch of air-cylinder compressing device, swash ultrasound wave
Encourage head and tested exemplar intimate surface contact, using BNC data wires by the signal output channels port of signal generator with ultrasound
The modulated-analog signal input port of wave producer power amplifier is connected, and by computer control signal generator linear tune is produced
Frequency pulse signal, drives supersonic generator power amplifier, makes the power of ultrasound wave according to chirp pulse signal rule
Change；
S2, computer is connected with focal plane thermal infrared imager using Ethernet data line, opens supersonic generator, by meter
Calculation machine focal plane thermal infrared imager is triggered, by the triggering of focal plane thermal infrared imager control be capable of achieving the time of integration and
Sample frequency is arranged, and records at least 2 ~ 3 cycles, burnt in order to intactly obtain the time and frequency domain characteristics information of surface heat wave signal
Plane thermal infrared imager sample frequency should be set to 5 ~ 10 times of linear FM signal highest frequency, by the view data for collecting
Under storing computer respective directories, tested exemplar surface heat ripple signal is gathered, by the view data for collecting storage to calculating
Under machine respective directories；
S3, the surface heat wave signal to gathering are processed, using the table of related algorithm and Hilbert transform algorithm to collection
Fever sensation of the face ripple signal is processed, and extracts the time and frequency domain characteristics information of surface heat wave signal, is obtained by time and frequency domain characteristics information integration
To the characteristic image for characterizing material internal defect, shows characteristic information in the form of gray-scale maps, realization to exemplar internal flaw and
Quick, the accurate detection for damaging.
2. the infrared thermal wave NDT method of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The pixel of the focal plane thermal infrared imager is 320 × 256, and heat sensitivity is 20mK, and full width maximum sample frequency is 170Hz.
3. the infrared thermal wave NDT method of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
The ultrasonic frequency is 17-68kHz, and peak power is 1500W, and maximum modulating frequency is 10Hz.
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| EP3108205B1 (en) * | 2014-02-18 | 2022-08-10 | Novelis, Inc. | Photo-acoustic device and method for non-contact measurement of thin layers |
| CN105738414A (en) * | 2016-02-27 | 2016-07-06 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Heat wave imaging detection device and method based on non-refrigeration type infrared camera |
| CN105784771B (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2018-06-08 | 首都师范大学 | Metal beehive brazing member pulse infrared thermal wave detection method |
| CN105943183B (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2017-09-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Infrared thermal wave imaging detection device based on heterodyne method |
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| CN107782748B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2023-12-19 | 福建技术师范学院 | Microwave thermal imaging nondestructive detection system and detection method based on matrix decomposition |
| CN108709938B (en) * | 2018-05-18 | 2020-05-05 | 武汉理工大学 | Outdoor portable ultrasonic infrared excitation device |
| CN110161129A (en) * | 2019-05-27 | 2019-08-23 | 神华铁路货车运输有限责任公司 | Thermal wave imaging system and ultrasonic action thermal wave detection device is motivated by ultrasound |
| CN111678948B (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2022-07-19 | 四川大学 | High-speed nondestructive detection method for surface defects of steel rail and implementation device thereof |
| CN113358697B (en) * | 2021-04-27 | 2022-03-29 | 东南大学 | High-resolution photo-thermal pulse compression thermal imaging detection method based on nonlinear frequency modulation |
| WO2023184153A1 (en) * | 2022-03-29 | 2023-10-05 | 中山大学 | Interconnect line defect detection system and method based on phase lock synchronous image processing |
| CN114858285A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-08-05 | 电子科技大学 | Linear frequency modulation infrared nondestructive testing system |
| CN114894843A (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2022-08-12 | 金陵海关技术中心 | Metal spot welding thermal wave imaging nondestructive testing method |
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| CN103235039A (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2013-08-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Ultrasonic TOFD (Time of Flight Diffraction) detection method for weld defects based on linear frequency modulation technology |
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