CN103926253A - Linear frequency modulation ultrasonic excitation-based infrared thermal wave nondestructive testing method and system - Google Patents
Linear frequency modulation ultrasonic excitation-based infrared thermal wave nondestructive testing method and system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a linear frequency modulation ultrasonic excitation-based infrared thermal wave nondestructive testing method and system. The method comprises the following steps: S1, adjusting spatial positions of an ultrasonic excitation head and a tested sample, and switching on a switch of a cylinder pressing device to ensure that the ultrasonic excitation head is in close contact with the surface of the tested sample, controlling a signal generator to generate a linear frequency modulation pulse signal through a computer, and driving an ultrasonic generator and power amplifier unit to ensure that the ultrasonic power regularly changes according to the linear frequency modulation pulse signal; S2, starting an ultrasonic generator, and acquiring a surface thermal wave signal of the tested sample; and S3, processing the acquired surface thermal wave signal, extracting time-frequency domain characteristic information of the surface thermal wave signal, and integrating the time-frequency domain characteristic information to obtain a characteristic image for characterizing internal defects of the material. The system comprises an ultrasonic excitation device, the ultrasonic generator and power amplifier unit, the signal generator, a focal plane thermal infrared imager and the computer. The internal defects of the material can be rapidly and accurately detected by the method and the system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method and system that utilizes the infrared thermal wave detection means of ultrasonic red excitation to realize fault in material Non-Destructive Testing, related in particular to a kind of infrared thermal wave NDT method and system of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting.
Background technology
Ultrasonic infrared thermal wave NDT technology is a kind of active infra-red thermal wave imaging Dynamic Non-Destruction Measurement taking ultrasound wave as driving source, this technology can effectively detect contact interface type flaw, as metal fatigue crackle, compound substance layering, debonding defect and hard brittle material crackle and impact injury etc.The velocity of propagation of ultrasound wave in solid is fast, decays little, in the time occurring to interact with material internal defect, to produce heat at defect area, utilize thermal infrared imager to record the temperature signal on tested exemplar surface, by the characteristic information of analysis temperature signal, determine the defect of material internal.Ultrasonic infrared phase-locked thermal imagery technology is one of current most widely used ultrasonic infrared thermal wave NDT technology, and this technology can overcome the shortcomings such as heating is uneven, detection speed is slow, but the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of the method temperature signal is lower.
Summary of the invention
In order further to improve the investigation depth of ultrasonic infrared thermal wave NDT technology, the impact of Background suppression noise, the invention provides a kind of infrared thermal wave NDT method and system of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, adopt chirp pulse signal to modulate hyperacoustic intensity, significantly improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of testing result, improve the defects detection degree of depth, can realize the detection accurately and reliably to material internal defect.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
An infrared thermal wave NDT method for linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, comprises the following steps:
The locus of S1, adjustment ultrasonic exciting head and tested exemplar, open the switch of air-cylinder compressing device, make ultrasonic exciting head and tested exemplar surface close contact, utilize BNC data line that the signal output channels port of signal generator is connected with the modulated-analog signal input port of ultrasonic generator power amplifier, produce chirp pulse signal by computer control signal generator, drive ultrasonic generator power amplifier, hyperacoustic power is changed according to chirp pulse signal rule;
S2, utilize Ethernet data line that computing machine is connected with focal plane thermal infrared imager, open ultrasonic generator, by computing machine, focal plane thermal infrared imager is triggered, gather tested exemplar surface heat ripple signal, record at least 2 ~ 3 cycles, in order intactly to obtain the time and frequency domain characteristics information of surperficial heat wave signal, focal plane thermal infrared imager sample frequency should be set to 5 ~ 10 times of linear FM signal highest frequency, and the view data collecting is stored under computing machine respective directories;
S3, to gather surperficial heat wave signal process, extract the time and frequency domain characteristics information of surperficial heat wave signal, integrate the characteristic image of exosyndrome material inherent vice by time and frequency domain characteristics information, realize to exemplar inherent vice and damage fast, accurately detect.
More specifically, the infrared thermal wave NDT method of above-described a kind of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, in described step S1, ultrasonic exciting head is adjusted locus by adjusting gear, makes ultrasonic exciting head and tested exemplar treat excitation area surface close contact.
More specifically, the infrared thermal wave NDT method of above-described a kind of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, in described step S2, can realize integral time and sample frequency setting by the triggering control of focal plane thermal infrared imager.
More specifically, the infrared thermal wave NDT method of above-described a kind of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, in described step S3, adopt related algorithm (algorithms most in use that signal procesing in time domain is analyzed) with Hilbert transform algorithm, the surperficial heat wave signal gathering to be processed, extract the time and frequency domain characteristics information of surperficial heat wave signal, with the form indicating characteristic frame of gray-scale map.
An infrared thermal wave NDT system for linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, comprises ultrasonic exciting device, ultrasonic generator and power amplifier, signal generator, focal plane thermal infrared imager and computing machine, wherein:
Described ultrasonic exciting device is in order to realize the adjustment of ultrasonic exciting head position, it comprises ultrasound wave adjustment platform, tracheae, rain glass, air-cylinder compressing device, ultrasonic exciting head frame and ultrasonic exciting head, air-cylinder compressing device is connected with ultrasonic exciting head, and be together fixed on ultrasonic exciting head frame, ultrasonic exciting head frame is placed on ultrasound wave and adjusts on the horizontal support bar of platform, can realize 3 rotations and 2 moving movements, by rain glass control air pressure, and be connected to air-cylinder compressing device by tracheae, make ultrasonic exciting head and detect exemplar close contact by air-cylinder compressing device.Described ultrasound wave is adjusted platform and is comprised worktable, exemplar clamp device, vertical pillars, down-feed screw, vertical direction locking device, horizontal column, horizontal screw lead and horizontal direction locking device, exemplar clamp device and vertical pillars are fixed on worktable, horizontal column is connected with vertical pillars, down-feed screw and vertical direction locking device level of control column along the movement of vertical pillars with around the rotation of vertical pillars, horizontal screw lead and horizontal direction locking device control ultrasonic exciting head are along the movement of horizontal column and around the rotation of horizontal column.
Described ultrasonic generator and power amplifier are in order to drive ultrasonic exciting head to produce ultrasonic vibration;
Described signal generator is in order to produce linear FM signal;
Described focal plane thermal infrared imager is in order to gather the surface heat graphic sequence of tested sample;
Described computing machine gathers tested sample surface heat wave signal in order to control focal plane thermal infrared imager, the infrared image sequence collecting is processed accordingly, extract the time and frequency domain characteristics information of heat wave signal, and form characteristic image and determine the information such as the shape of defect, size and position;
The signal output channels port of described signal generator is connected with the modulated-analog signal input port of ultrasonic generator power amplifier, computing machine is connected with focal plane thermal infrared imager and signal generator respectively, and ultrasonic generator power amplifier is connected with ultrasonic probe.
In the present invention, adopt focal plane thermal infrared imager pixel 320 × 256, heat sensitivity 20mK, the maximum sample frequency of full width is 170Hz.
In the present invention, adopt ultrasound wave as driving source, ultrasonic frequency 17-68kHz, peak power 1500W, maximum modulating frequency is 10Hz.
In the present invention, adopt air-cylinder compressing device ensure ultrasonic exciting head and detect exemplar close contact.
In the present invention, adopt ultrasound wave adjustment platform to adjust the locus of ultrasonic exciting head.
In the present invention, realize integral time and sample frequency setting by the triggering control of focal plane thermal infrared imager, complete heat wave signals collecting.
The present invention adopts linear frequency modulation ultrasound wave as driving source, adopts related algorithm and Hilbert transform algorithm extract surperficial heat wave signal time and frequency domain characteristics information and analyze.For material internal defect, the infrared thermal wave NDT method of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, the multiple characteristic informations of the exemplar that can simultaneously obtain surface heat wave signal, significantly improve characteristic image signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and contrast.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the infrared thermal wave NDT system schematic of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting;
Fig. 2 is that ultrasound wave is adjusted platform schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is air-cylinder compressing device schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is further described; but be not limited to this; every technical solution of the present invention is modified or is equal to replacement, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the infrared thermal wave imaging nondestructive inspection method of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting is to utilize software processing infrared image sequence to realize the lossless detection method of exemplar inherent vice.In figure, focal plane thermal infrared imager 24 is connected with the Ethernet interface of computing machine 2, utilizes initialization and the image demonstration of computing machine 21 to focal plane thermal infrared imager 24 to arrange.Ultrasound wave is injected into tested exemplar 28 surfaces by ultrasonic probe 27, signal generator 20 is connected with ultrasonic power amplifier 16 by signal wire 19, controlling ultrasonic power intensity changes according to linear frequency modulation rule, ultrasound wave is entered to be injected in tested exemplar 28, record the surperficial heat wave signal that tested exemplar 28 surfaces produce, and extract heat wave signal characteristic information and form characteristic image, characteristic image is processed and analyzed, extract tested exemplar 28 inherent vice features, realize to tested exemplar 28 inherent vices and damage fast, accurately detect.
Specific embodiment of the invention comprises three parts: the ultrasonic exciting of linear frequency modulation rule modulation, focal plane thermal infrared imager gather image sequence and heat wave signal is processed and characteristic image analysis.
One, the ultrasonic exciting step of linear frequency modulation rule modulation
step 1: by worktable 1, vertical pillars 2, vertical locking device 3, vertical rotary handle 4, down-feed screw 5, horizontal column 6, horizontal screw lead 7, horizontal locking device 8 and horizontally rotate handle 16 and be assembled into ultrasonic probe and adjust platform, assembling result is as shown in Figure 2;
step 2: tested exemplar 28 is fixed on exemplar clamp device 26, cylinder 15 is connected with air-cylinder compressing device 12 by tracheae 13, ultrasonic exciting head 28 is assembled on ultrasonic exciting head frame 9, open switching cylinder, adjustable pressure table 14, make air pressure reach 0.2MPa, open air-cylinder compressing device switch 10, ultrasonic exciting head 27 is pressed in tested sample 28;
step 3: the signal output part of signal generator 20 is connected with the modulated-analog signal input end of power amplifier 18 with ultrasonic generator by signal wire 19, signal generator 20 is connected with computing machine 21 by usb data line 22;
step 4: ultrasonic transducer 11 is connected with power amplifier 18 with ultrasonic generator by power lead 17, open the power switch of ultrasonic power amplifier 18, chirp pulse signal parameter is set, and the power of realizing the ultrasonic vibration that ultrasonic exciting head 27 produces changes according to chirp rule.
Two, focal plane thermal infrared imager gathers image sequence step
step 1: focal plane thermal infrared imager 24 is fixed on adjustment rack 25, is connected with the Ethernet interface on computing machine 21 by data line 23;
step 2: utilize computing machine 21 to complete initialization setting and the Real-time image display of focal plane thermal infrared imager 24, the focusing lens of adjusting focal plane thermal infrared imager 24, ensure that the region to be detected of tested exemplar 28 is high-visible on the screen of computing machine 21;
step 3:open the output switch of ultrasonic power amplifier 18, make the ultrasonic vibration power that ultrasonic exciting head 27 produces encourage tested exemplar 28 by chirp rule;
step 4:the heat wave signal that tested exemplar 28 region surface to be checked is produced carries out record, record 2 ~ 3 cycles, in order intactly to collect the time and frequency domain characteristics information of heat wave signal, thermal infrared imager 24 sample frequency in focal plane should be set to 5 ~ 10 times of linear FM signal highest frequency, and the view data collecting is stored under computing machine 21 respective directories.
Three, heat wave Radar Signal Processing and characteristic image analytical procedure
step 1:to the infrared image sequence gathering being processed and being analyzed, adopt related algorithm and Hilbert transform algorithm to extract the time and frequency domain characteristics information of heat wave signal by computer programming, form characteristic information image;
step 2:characteristic image is processed and is analyzed, extract the characteristic parameter of tested exemplar 28 inherent vices, realize to tested exemplar 28 surveyed area inherent vices and damage fast, accurately detect.
Four, Non-Destructive Testing example
For the actual detection effect of the method is described, carry out the experiment for non-destructive testing experiment of metal exemplar.
The experiment for non-destructive testing experiment of metal exemplar: make modeling interface contact deficiency sample, depth of defect is 2mm, and defects with diameters is 10mm.Linear frequency modulation excitation parameters: power 1500W, the original frequency 0.1Hz of linear FM signal, stops frequency 1Hz, and the recurrence interval is 10s; The recording parameters of focal plane thermal infrared imager: sample frequency 50Hz, sampling time 40s.
Actual testing result is: the defect shape of the actual detection of metal exemplar can be identified accurately, and compared with ultrasonic infrared phase-locked testing result, the characteristic image of the method has higher signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio).Adopt method of the present invention realized to exemplar inherent vice and damage relatively fast, accurately detect.
Claims (8)
1. an infrared thermal wave NDT method for linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, is characterized in that described method step is as follows:
The locus of S1, adjustment ultrasonic exciting head and tested exemplar, open the switch of air-cylinder compressing device, make ultrasonic exciting head and tested exemplar surface close contact, utilize BNC data line that the signal output channels port of signal generator is connected with the modulated-analog signal input port of ultrasonic generator power amplifier, produce chirp pulse signal by computer control signal generator, drive ultrasonic generator power amplifier, hyperacoustic power is changed according to chirp pulse signal rule;
S2, utilize Ethernet data line that computing machine is connected with focal plane thermal infrared imager, open ultrasonic generator, by computing machine, focal plane thermal infrared imager is triggered, gather tested exemplar surface heat ripple signal, the view data collecting is stored under computing machine respective directories;
S3, to gather surperficial heat wave signal process, extract the time and frequency domain characteristics information of surperficial heat wave signal, integrate the characteristic image of exosyndrome material inherent vice by time and frequency domain characteristics information, realize to exemplar inherent vice and damage fast, accurately detect.
2. the infrared thermal wave NDT method of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting according to claim 1, is characterized in that described focal plane thermal infrared imager sample frequency is set to 5 ~ 10 times of linear FM signal highest frequency.
3. the infrared thermal wave NDT method of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting according to claim 1, while it is characterized in that described focal plane thermal infrared imager gathers tested exemplar surface heat ripple signal, the heat wave signal at least 2 ~ 3 cycles of record.
4. according to the infrared thermal wave NDT method of the linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting described in claim 1,2 or 3, the pixel that it is characterized in that described focal plane thermal infrared imager is 320 × 256, and heat sensitivity is 20mK, and the maximum sample frequency of full width is 170Hz.
5. the infrared thermal wave NDT method of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting according to claim 1, is characterized in that described ultrasonic frequency is 17-68kHz, and peak power is 1500W, and maximum modulating frequency is 10Hz.
6. an infrared thermal wave NDT system for linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting, is characterized in that described system comprises ultrasonic exciting device, ultrasonic generator and power amplifier, signal generator, focal plane thermal infrared imager and computing machine, wherein:
Described ultrasonic exciting device is in order to realize the adjustment of ultrasonic exciting head position;
Described ultrasonic generator and power amplifier are in order to drive ultrasonic exciting head to produce ultrasonic vibration;
Described signal generator is in order to produce linear FM signal;
Described focal plane thermal infrared imager is in order to gather the surface heat graphic sequence of tested sample;
Described computing machine gathers tested sample surface heat wave signal in order to control focal plane thermal infrared imager, and the infrared image sequence collecting is processed, and extracts the time and frequency domain characteristics information of heat wave signal, and forms characteristic image and determine defect information.
7. the infrared thermal wave NDT system of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting according to claim 6, it is characterized in that described ultrasonic exciting device comprises ultrasound wave adjustment platform, tracheae, rain glass, air-cylinder compressing device, ultrasonic exciting head frame and ultrasonic exciting head, air-cylinder compressing device is connected with ultrasonic exciting head, and be together fixed on ultrasonic exciting head frame, ultrasonic exciting head frame is placed on ultrasound wave and adjusts on the horizontal support bar of platform, and rain glass is connected to air-cylinder compressing device by tracheae.
8. the infrared thermal wave NDT system of linear frequency modulation ultrasonic exciting according to claim 7, is characterized in that described ultrasound wave adjustment platform comprises worktable, exemplar clamp device, vertical pillars, down-feed screw, vertical direction locking device, horizontal column, horizontal screw lead and horizontal direction locking device.
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