CN103926160B - Stretch-reverse combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument - Google Patents

Stretch-reverse combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument Download PDF

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CN103926160B
CN103926160B CN201410155051.1A CN201410155051A CN103926160B CN 103926160 B CN103926160 B CN 103926160B CN 201410155051 A CN201410155051 A CN 201410155051A CN 103926160 B CN103926160 B CN 103926160B
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worm
torsion
screw
bearing
mechanical properties
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CN103926160A (en
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崔利娜
赵宏伟
吴博达
程宏丙
徐海龙
吴庆玲
李海莲
李建平
史成利
刘彦超
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument that stretches-reverse, belong to field of precision instruments.By pedestal, stretch, reverse loading unit, specimen holder unit, the compositions such as displacement and loading force Precision measurement unit.Torque load is applied to one end of action clips by moment of torsion loading unit by precision electric motor drive two-stage worm gear, worm gearing, and then is loaded into by torque load on test specimen sample, and stationary fixture end is arranged on precise guide rail slide block.In passive fixture one end, accurate tension-torsion sensor is installed, for detecting the pulling force and moment of torsion that test piece bears.Stretcher strain and windup-degree is detected by motor encoder.The present invention has compact conformation, exquisiteness, volume is small, lightweight feature, can realize the stretching-torsion combined load type material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test of micro-nano precision, for providing novel means of testing close to the analysis and research of material deformation damage mechanisms under service condition.

Description

Stretch-reverse combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of precision instruments, particularly one stretches-reverses combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument.Dynamic in-situ monitoring can be carried out to the deformation damage mechanism under the effect of material for test load and heterogeneous microstructure Changing Pattern under multiple material performance characterization instrument (scanning electron microscope, optical microscope, Raman spectrometer, X-ray diffractometer etc.) dynamic monitoring.The present invention has a good application prospect in fields such as Ferrous Metallurgy, non-ferrous metal, semiconductor material, advanced metal, defence and military and Aero-Space.
Background technology
Material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ testing technique is the cutting edge technology that development in recent years is got up, and is subject to showing great attention to of national governments and research institution.Micro-stretching is reversed mechanics measuring technology and is had and can under the observation of all kinds of Image-forming instrument, carry out original position stretching, torsion and composite test to test specimen and the microdeformation of material and damage process be carried out to the many advantages of home position observation.Compared to traditional mechanics measuring technology, micro-nano stretching reverse mechanics measuring technology at present only grasp by the researchist of minority and use, main cause is that this technology needs while meeting high measuring accuracy, ensures the miniaturization of testing tool and the compatibility with in-situ monitoring equipment.Current micro-nano torsion mechanical test mainly concentrates in transmission electron microscope (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) to be carried out, both there is very limited working cavity, and need the Electro Magnetic Compatibility and the vacuum compatibility that ensure proving installation and working cavity, these reasons limit the fast development that micro-nano stretching reverses mechanics measuring technology just.All in all, it is still challenging work that the micro-nano stretching of research high precision, large test specification, low cost reverses compound mechanics proving installation, is also a urgent job simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument that stretches-reverse, solve the problems referred to above that prior art exists, in order to realize, volume is little, the precise materials micro-nano stretching torsion device that is single and compound mechanics performance test that can be used for of delicate structure provides a kind of available solutions in the present invention.By proving installation provided by the invention, Electro Magnetic Compatibility and the vacuum compatibility of proving installation and Electronic Speculum working cavity can be realized, promote that original position micro-nano stretching reverses the development of mechanics measuring technology.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Stretch-reverse combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument, comprise torque loading mechanism, specimen holder mechanism, tensile loads mechanism, described torque loading mechanism is arranged on pedestal 1 and upper bracket 3, wherein upper bracket 3 is fixedly mounted on pedestal 1 by base seat support a, b, c2,39,40, slowed down by two-stage worm and gear, commutate, moment of torsion is carried in test piece; Specimen holder mechanism comprises two piece fixtures 18 and four adjustment blocks 20, and adjustment block 20 is arranged on inside piece fixture 18, the position that adjustment test specimen 19 clamps; Tensile loads mechanism is arranged on above pedestal 1 and upper bracket 3, slowed down by two-stage worm and gear and commutate, moment of torsion is applied on leading screw 26, convert rotational motion is rectilinear motion by leading screw (26), drive feed screw nut 25 rectilinear motion, then drive tension-torsion sensor 21 and piece fixture 18 to carry out extensional motion.
Described torque loading mechanism comprises precision actuation motor a4, motor flange a5, shaft coupling a6, worm screw a8, worm gear a10, worm screw b13, worm gear b14, described precision actuation motor a4 is arranged on motor flange a5, motor flange a5 screw is arranged on pedestal 1, and its output shaft is connected by shaft coupling 4 with worm shaft a11; Worm screw a8 is screwed and is arranged on worm shaft a11, is then arranged on pedestal 1 by two bearing spider a7 and two standard rolling bearings, and forms the first order with worm gear a10 and slow down and commutate; In like manner form the second level by worm screw b13 and worm gear b14 to slow down and commutation; Double reduction and commutation, the first order adopts less reduction gear ratio, and the second level adopts comparatively big retarding ratio, to improve the precision that moment of torsion loads, reduces torque loading mechanism physical dimension.Moment of torsion is transferred on piece fixture 18 by worm-wheel shaft a15; Worm-wheel shaft a15 is arranged on 3, bearing spider c17 inside on upper bracket by bearing spider c17 and is provided with bearing 41, is also provided with bearing (ball) cover 16 and the end ring 42 of solid bearing 41.
Described specimen holder mechanism comprises bearing (ball) cover 16, bearing spider c17, two piece fixtures 18 and adjustment block 20, the piece fixture 18 in left side is connected with second level reducing output shaft, i.e. worm-wheel shaft a15, both are arranged on upper bracket 3 by precision bearing, bearing spider c17 and bearing (ball) cover 16 and screw; The piece fixture 18 on right side is directly connected with the accurate tension-torsion sensor 21 of tensile loads mechanism.
Described tensile loads mechanism comprises accurate tension-torsion sensor 21, nut adapter sleeve 22, back up pad 23, precise guide rail slide block 24, feed screw nut 25, leading screw 26 and two-stage turbine and worm decelerator, the left end of described accurate tension-torsion sensor 21 is connected with the piece fixture 18 on right side by screw, the right-hand member of accurate tension-torsion sensor 21 is installed together by screw and nut adapter sleeve 22, nut adapter sleeve 22 is arranged on feed screw nut 25, the screw pair that feed screw nut 25 and leading screw 26 are formed is arranged on upper bracket 3 by leading screw supporting seat 27, back up pad 23 is attaching nut's adapter sleeve 22 and guide rail slide block 24 respectively, back up pad 23 is driven to realize rectilinear motion by feed screw nut 25, guide rail slide block 24 is fixedly mounted on back-up block 43, screw pair is by the two-stage worm and gear deceleration on right side, it is the same that its kind of drive and the torsion in left side load transmission.
Described precision actuation motor a4 installs scrambler and measure the angle reversed, obtain the actual angle turned over by the conversion of reduction gear ratio; Be arranged on the precision actuation motor b37 on pedestal 1 and the displacement that stretching measured by scrambler is installed, after conversion, namely obtain the displacement stretched.
Described stretching-torsion combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument can be placed in scanning electron microscope cavity, have good compatibility with Electronic Speculum.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: small volume structure is compact, and torsion loading force and stretching travel greatly, can be placed in scanning electron microscope cavity, have good compatibility with Electronic Speculum.Under the observation of all kinds of Image-forming instrument, original position stretching can be carried out to test specimen and reverse single and compound mechanics test, home position observation is carried out to the microdeformation of material and damage process, and can load/displacement signal be gathered, thus disclose the mechanical characteristic of material under micro-nano-scale and micromechanism of damage, promote the development of the technology such as new material new process, material science, Ultra-precision Turning, solid mechanics.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms a application's part, and illustrative example of the present invention and explanation thereof, for explaining the present invention, do not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is perspective view of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is main TV structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is plan structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is right TV structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is sectional structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
In figure: 1. pedestal, 2. base seat support a, 3. upper bracket, 4. precision actuation motor a, 5. motor flange a, 6. shaft coupling a, 7. bearing spider a, 8. worm screw a, 9. worm shaft b, 10. worm gear a, 11. worm shaft a, 12. bearing spider b, 13. worm screw b, 14. worm gear b, 15. worm-wheel shaft a, 16. bearing (ball) covers, 17. bearing spider c, 18. piece fixtures, 19. test specimens, 20. adjustment blocks, 21. accurate tension-torsion sensors, 22. nut adapter sleeves, 23. back up pads, 24. precise guide rail slide blocks, 25. feed screw nuts, 26. leading screws, 27. leading screw supporting seats, 28. worm gear c, 29. worm screw c, 30. bearing spider d, 31. worm gear d, 32. worm shaft c, 33. bearing spider e, 34. worm screw d, 35. shaft coupling b, 36. motor flange b, 37. precision actuation motor b, 38. worm shaft d, 39. base seat support b, 40. base seat support c, 41. bearings, 42. end rings, 43. back-up blocks, 44. nuts.
Embodiment
Detailed content of the present invention and embodiment thereof is further illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
See shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 5, stretching of the present invention-torsion combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument, comprise torque loading mechanism, specimen holder mechanism, tensile loads mechanism, described torque loading mechanism is arranged on pedestal 1 and upper bracket 3, wherein upper bracket 3 is fixedly mounted on pedestal 1 by base seat support a, b, c2,39,40, slowed down by two-stage worm and gear, commutate, moment of torsion is carried in test piece; Specimen holder mechanism comprises two piece fixtures 18 and four adjustment blocks 20, and adjustment block 20 is arranged on inside piece fixture 18, the position that adjustment test specimen 19 clamps; Tensile loads mechanism is arranged on above pedestal 1 and upper bracket 3, slowed down by two-stage worm and gear and commutate, moment of torsion is applied on leading screw 26, convert rotational motion is rectilinear motion by leading screw (26), drive feed screw nut 25 rectilinear motion, then drive tension-torsion sensor 21 and piece fixture 18 to carry out extensional motion.
Described torque loading mechanism comprises precision actuation motor a4, motor flange a5, shaft coupling a6, worm screw a8, worm gear a10, worm screw b13, worm gear b14, described precision actuation motor a4 is arranged on motor flange a5, motor flange a5 screw is arranged on pedestal 1, and its output shaft is connected by shaft coupling 4 with worm shaft a11; Worm screw a8 is screwed and is arranged on worm shaft a11, is then arranged on pedestal 1 by two bearing spider a7 and two standard rolling bearings, and forms the first order with worm gear a10 and slow down and commutate; In like manner form the second level by worm screw b13 and worm gear b14 to slow down and commutation; Double reduction and commutation, the first order adopts less reduction gear ratio, and the second level adopts comparatively big retarding ratio, to improve the precision that moment of torsion loads, reduces torque loading mechanism physical dimension.Moment of torsion is transferred on piece fixture 18 by worm-wheel shaft a15; Worm-wheel shaft a15 is arranged on 3, bearing spider c17 inside on upper bracket by bearing spider c17 and is provided with bearing 41, is also provided with bearing (ball) cover 16 and the end ring 42 of solid bearing 41.
Described specimen holder mechanism comprises bearing (ball) cover 16, bearing spider c17, two piece fixtures 18 and adjustment block 20, the piece fixture 18 in left side is connected with second level reducing output shaft, i.e. worm-wheel shaft a15, both are arranged on upper bracket 3 by precision bearing, bearing spider c17 and bearing (ball) cover 16 and screw; The piece fixture 18 on right side is directly connected with the accurate tension-torsion sensor 21 of tensile loads mechanism.
Described tensile loads mechanism comprises accurate tension-torsion sensor 21, nut adapter sleeve 22, back up pad 23, precise guide rail slide block 24, feed screw nut 25, leading screw 26 and two-stage turbine and worm decelerator, the left end of described accurate tension-torsion sensor 21 is connected with the piece fixture 18 on right side by screw, the right-hand member of accurate tension-torsion sensor 21 is installed together by screw and nut adapter sleeve 22, nut adapter sleeve 22 is arranged on feed screw nut 25, the screw pair that feed screw nut 25 and leading screw 26 are formed is arranged on upper bracket 3 by leading screw supporting seat 27, back up pad 23 is attaching nut's adapter sleeve 22 and guide rail slide block 24 respectively, back up pad 23 is driven to realize rectilinear motion by feed screw nut 25, guide rail slide block 24 is fixedly mounted on back-up block 43, screw pair is by the two-stage worm and gear deceleration on right side, it is the same that its kind of drive and the torsion in left side load transmission.
Described precision actuation motor a4 installs scrambler and measure the angle reversed, obtain the actual angle turned over by the conversion of reduction gear ratio; Precision actuation motor b37 installs scrambler and measure the displacement stretched, namely obtain the displacement stretched after conversion, precision actuation motor b37 is arranged on pedestal 1 by motor flange b36.
Described stretching-torsion combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument can be placed in scanning electron microscope cavity, have good compatibility with Electronic Speculum.
In the present invention, the loading of moment of torsion is realized by precision actuation motor a4 and Worm Wheel System chain, concrete embodiment is, connect shaft coupling a6 by the precision actuation motor a4 be fixedly mounted on by motor flange a5 on pedestal 1 and drive worm screw a8 and worm gear a10 and worm screw b13 and worm gear b14, through the commutation of worm and gear, slow down and increase moment of torsion, wherein worm shaft a11 is arranged on pedestal 1 by two bearing spider a7, worm shaft b9 is arranged on pedestal 1 by two bearing spider b12, moment of torsion is passed to piece fixture 18 by worm gear b14, worm-wheel shaft a15 to be arranged on upper bracket 3 by bearing spider c17, bearing spider c17 inside is provided with bearing 41, bearing (ball) cover 16 and the end ring 42 of solid bearing 41 are also installed, wherein upper bracket 3 is fitted through base seat support a2, base seat support b39, base seat support c40 is fixedly mounted on pedestal 1, in implementation process, by the driving of precision actuation motor a4, test specimen 19 is carried out to the loading of stable precision.In implementation process, by the scrambler on precision actuation motor a4, windup-degree is detected.
The motion of specimen holder mechanism is divided into two kinds: a kind of be left side piece fixture 18 active torque load motion, be piece fixture 18 and the rotation of accurate tension-torsion sensor 21 and the rectilinear motion along test specimen axis direction on right side, driven by the tensile loads mechanism on right side.Embodiment is, moment of torsion is passed to the piece fixture 18 in left side and loads on test specimen one end by left side adjustment block 20 by worm gear b14, and the active torque realizing the piece fixture 18 in left side loads motion.Moment of torsion passes to piece fixture 18 and the adjustment block 20 on right side by test specimen 19, makes the piece fixture 18 on right side produce small distortion and rotates.Test specimen 19 axial property under torsional load effect can change, and cause the change of axial dimension, thus drive the piece fixture 18 on right side to produce rectilinear motion on precise guide rail slide block 24, wherein precise guide rail slide block 24 is arranged on upper bracket 3 by back-up block 43.
Piece fixture 18 on the right side of tensile loads mechanism can initiatively make realizes the rectilinear motion along guide rail slide block 24, realize the loading of stretching displacement, its embodiment is: drive worm screw d34 and worm gear d31 and worm screw c29 and worm gear c28 by the precision actuation motor b37 be arranged on pedestal 1 by shaft coupling b35, wherein worm shaft c32 and worm shaft d38 is arranged on pedestal 1 respectively by two bearing spider d30 and bearing spider e33, through the commutation of worm and gear, slow down and increase moment of torsion, moment of torsion is passed to leading screw 26 by worm gear c28, leading screw 26 is changed to the rectilinear motion along guide rail slide block 24 by feed screw nut adjutant rotation motion, feed screw nut 25 is with the nut adapter sleeve 22 be automatically connected in above it, back up pad 23, the piece fixture 18 on accurate tension-torsion sensor 21 and right side realizes the loading stretched, wherein screw pair is fixedly mounted on upper bracket 3 by leading screw supporting seat 27 and nut 44.In implementation process, by the scrambler on motor b37, stretching displacement is detected.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.All any amendments made for the present invention, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. stretching-torsion combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument, it is characterized in that: comprise torque loading mechanism, specimen holder mechanism, tensile loads mechanism, described torque loading mechanism is arranged on pedestal (1) and upper bracket (3), wherein upper bracket (3) is by base seat support a, b, c(2,39,40) be fixedly mounted on pedestal (1), slowed down by two-stage worm and gear, commutate, moment of torsion is carried in test piece; Specimen holder mechanism comprises two piece fixtures (18) and four adjustment blocks (20), and adjustment block (20) is arranged on piece fixture (18) the inside, the position that adjustment test specimen (19) clamps; Tensile loads mechanism is arranged on above pedestal (1) and upper bracket (3), slowed down by two-stage worm and gear and commutate, moment of torsion is applied on leading screw (26), convert rotational motion is rectilinear motion by leading screw (26), drive feed screw nut (25) rectilinear motion, then drive tension-torsion sensor (21) and piece fixture (18) to carry out extensional motion;
Described torque loading mechanism comprises precision actuation motor a(4), motor flange a(5), shaft coupling a(6), worm screw a(8), worm gear a(10), worm screw b(13), worm gear b(14), described precision actuation motor a(4) be arranged on motor flange a(5) on, motor flange a(5) be arranged on pedestal (1), its output shaft and worm shaft a(11) be connected by shaft coupling (4); Worm screw a(8) be fixedly mounted on worm shaft a(11), then by two bearing spider a(7) and two standard rolling bearings be arranged on pedestal (1), and with worm gear a(10) form the first order and slow down and commutate; In like manner by worm screw b(13) and worm gear b(14) form second level deceleration and commutation; The reduction gear ratio that the first order is slowed down and commutation adopts is less than the reduction gear ratio that slow down in the second level and commutation adopts; Moment of torsion is by worm-wheel shaft a(15) be transferred on piece fixture (18); Worm-wheel shaft a(15) by bearing spider c(17) be arranged on (3) on upper bracket, bearing spider c(17) inside is provided with bearing (41), is also provided with bearing (ball) cover (16) and the end ring (42) of solid bearing (41).
2. stretching according to claim 1-torsion combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument, it is characterized in that: described specimen holder mechanism comprises bearing (ball) cover (16), bearing spider c(17), two piece fixtures (18) and adjustment block (20), the piece fixture (18) in left side is connected with second level reducing output shaft, i.e. worm-wheel shaft a(15), both are by precision bearing, bearing spider c(17) and bearing (ball) cover (16) and screw be arranged on upper bracket (3); The piece fixture (18) on right side is directly connected with the accurate tension-torsion sensor (21) of tensile loads mechanism.
3. stretching according to claim 1-torsion combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument, it is characterized in that: described tensile loads mechanism comprises accurate tension-torsion sensor (21), nut adapter sleeve (22), back up pad (23), precise guide rail slide block (24), feed screw nut (25), leading screw (26) and two-stage turbine and worm decelerator, the left end of described accurate tension-torsion sensor (21) is connected with the piece fixture (18) on right side by screw, the right-hand member of accurate tension-torsion sensor (21) is installed together by screw and nut adapter sleeve (22), nut adapter sleeve (22) is arranged on feed screw nut (25), the screw pair that feed screw nut (25) and leading screw (26) are formed is arranged on upper bracket (3) by leading screw supporting seat (27), back up pad (23) is attaching nut's adapter sleeve (22) and guide rail slide block (24) respectively, back up pad (23) is driven to realize rectilinear motion by feed screw nut (25), guide rail slide block (24) is fixedly mounted on back-up block (43), screw pair is by the two-stage worm and gear deceleration on right side, it is the same that its kind of drive and the torsion in left side load transmission.
4. stretching according to claim 1-torsion combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument, it is characterized in that: described precision actuation motor a(4) the upper angle of installing scrambler measurement and reversing, obtain the actual angle turned over by the conversion of reduction gear ratio; Be arranged on the precision actuation motor b(37 on pedestal (1)) the upper displacement of installing scrambler measurement and stretching, namely obtain the displacement stretched after conversion.
5. stretching as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4-torsion combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument, it is characterized in that: described stretching-torsion combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument is placed in scanning electron microscope cavity, has good compatibility with Electronic Speculum.
CN201410155051.1A 2014-04-18 2014-04-18 Stretch-reverse combined load material Micro Mechanical Properties in-situ test instrument Active CN103926160B (en)

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