CN103910819A - Preparation method of high-molecular water-absorbent resin(ammonium phosphate )water retention fertilizer - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-molecular water-absorbent resin(ammonium phosphate )water retention fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a high-molecular water-absorbent resin(ammonium phosphate )water retention fertilizer, which comprises five steps: preparing a NaOH aqueous solution, performing a neutral reaction, performing a graft copolymerization reaction, solidifying and drying, and crushing. The technology flow is shortened, production time is reduced, production cost is reduced, so that the technical problems of long production period and high cost can be solved, and simultaneously, the trace element content of nitrogen and phosphor in the water retention fertilizer can be increased. During the production process, no three wastes (waste material, waste gas and waste water) is generated, and the water retention fertilizer has the advantages of no pollution to environment, safety and environmental protection, and stable product quality.
Description
technical field
The present invention relates to (ammonium phosphate) water-retention fertilizer that a kind of hydroscopic high-molecular resin is manufactured, specifically belong to the production technique of hydroscopic high-molecular resin (SAP).
background technology
SAP water-retention fertilizer is the SAP water-retention fertilizer novel material forming taking chemical fertilizer and organic monomer (vinylformic acid, acrylamide) etc. as polymerizable raw material.SAP water-retention fertilizer is mainly used in the cultivation of farm-forestry crop, plant development, and water-retention fertilizer self is containing a large amount of various trace elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus.There is water suction, water conservation, fertilizer conservation, insulation and drought resisting, anti-Desertification simultaneously, activate the functions such as woody plant growth.It can absorb own wt 100-700 moisture doubly, can be by the liquid manure of rainwater and pouring, absorb and store fast, supply with uniformly nutrition according to demand of plant growth, and guarantee that plant-growth resists arid ability.Exploitation and the application of SAP water-retention fertilizer product, representing the direction of development in the future.Having exploitation and the application of the chemistry such as water-retention fertilizer, drought resistance agent, physics and the biological technology products of special drought resisting, water saving, water conservation and fertilizer effect, is over nearly 30 years, to study in the world to improve regime of soil water and fertility and improve one of key content of plant water sources fertilizer efficiency rate.Both at home and abroad the research of SAP water-retention fertilizer be have not been reported.SAP water-retention fertilizer is a kind of novel Controlled Release Fertilizer, and the water-retention fertilizer novel material being polymerized with hydroscopic high-molecular resin production technique and chemical fertilizer integrates water suction, water conservation, fertilizer nutrient supply, controlled release, improves water and fertilizer utilization.To promoting high-efficiency water-saving, saving fertile agricultural and there is important effect.China is a large agricultural country, and the nutrient deficiency of farm crop and water deficient are the important factors of restriction China grain-production.Especially in arid, semiarid zone, moisture condition is the bottom line of grain-production, improving the utilization ratio of precipitation is the key of volume increase, and moisture limited the effective utilization of crop to fertilizer from many aspects, so the agricultural development of arid, semiarid zone " crucial in water, outlet at fertilizer ".At present, the research of water-retention fertilizer is more and more subject to the attention of agriculture field, and the performance that research center of gravity also starts from how improving water-retention fertilizer shifts to its practical application in agroforestry.The agricultural SAP that now research and development are produced both at home and abroad, the one, cost is high, the 2nd, only have absorbent function not have fertilizer function, therefore the development trend of following SAP product is: (1) this project is innovated by technical research, adopt first the water-retention fertilizer of chemical fertilizer and vinylformic acid and sodium hydroxide polymerization at home and abroad, can prepare excellent property, with low cost, practical SAP water-retention fertilizer novel material, there is the dual-use function of water conservation, fertilizer, claim can water-absorbing-retaining chemical fertilizer.Owing to directly using in large quantities for a long time chemical fertilizer particularly to use in a large number ammonium fertilizer, ammonium ion discharged hydrogen ion after entering soil in the process of its nitrification, made soil acidifying gradually in the past.Ammonium ion can displace the calcium ion that plays connection effect on soil colloid particulate, causes soil particle to disperse, thereby has destroyed soil aggregate, makes the physics-chem characteristic of soil that variation occur, and causes soil compaction, and fertility declines.Meanwhile, a large amount of applied nitrogens, have introduced a large amount of non-main nutrient composition or toxic substance to soil, and as chlorion in the sulfate ion in sulphur ammonium and oronain, they have and suppress or toxic action the normal activity of soil microorganisms.Soil acidification is spoiled soil character not only, and can promote the release migration of some hazardous contaminants in soil or make it toxicity to strengthen, and the soil organismss such as biological and earthworm are reduced, and has also accelerated the loss of some nutritive elements of soil.Peasant has generally felt soil compaction now, and crops difficulty has been planted; People generally feel that fruit is not fragrant, melon is sweetless, dish is tasteless.Crops quality degradation, what reason? the function organic substance of the stalk in agriculture production is burned, the material cycle of agroecosystem is artificially interrupted, the carrier of agriculture production---the organic content in soil is minimum, excessive chemical fertilizer causes the ecological key element quality of agriculture production to decline, the very crux that Here it is.The appearance of SAP water-retention fertilizer can change the unfavorable phenomenon of above chemical fertilizer to soil, because SAP water-retention fertilizer has water suction, water conservation, fertilizer conservation, Controlled Release Fertilizer performance, alleviates greatly the harm of chemical fertilizer to soil.Can play improvement soil, make soil become crumb structure, keep soil from packing together and salinization, make the liquid manure of soil be difficult for running off, improve the utilization ratio of soil liquid manure.SAP water-retention fertilizer in soil absorption moisture repeatedly, form gel convergent-divergent, cause a large amount of micro-interstices to soil, improve the ventilation property of soil, improvement root system environment impels the growth of rhizosphere microbial, prevents hardening and salinification of soil.(2) water-retention fertilizer of chemical fertilizer and stalk, vinylformic acid and acrylamide polymerization, self contain the trace element such as a large amount of nitrogen, phosphorus that plant-growth is permitted, can substitute traditional fertilizer, meet the demand of Promoting plant growth, can be widely used in plantation and the cultivation seedling-cultivating etc. of farm-forestry crop, the utilization ratio that greatly improves liquid manure can reach more than 85%.(3) super absorbent resin that chemical fertilizer is polymerized: in water-absorbing-retaining function, there is special strong water suction group, can produce high infiltration association in resin inside and pass through its mesh-structured water suction.Its maximum water absorption is tall and big 13 kilograms every square centimeter-14 kilograms, can absorb the pure water of hundreds of times to thousands of times of own wt, and these absorbed moisture can not squeeze out with general physical method, so it has again very strong water-retentivity.Because the suction force of tree root is mostly 17 kilograms every square centimeter-18 kilograms, generally there will not be the refluence of root tissue water status, and fine-root can directly absorb the moisture in the water-retention fertilizer of storage, this characteristic has determined the widespread use of water-retention fertilizer in agroforestry resisting drought saving water, joint fertilizer.
The appearance of water-retention fertilizer is hopeful the fertilizer of large-scale application in agricultural most after traditional fertilizer, agricultural chemicals, mulch film in the world.The growth of agroforestry plant be unable to do without sunlight, water, fertile three large key elements, and the appearance of water-retention fertilizer has solved two large key elements of plant-growth.Be that future development water saving, the fertile agricultural of joint reduce agroforestry production cost, reach the direction of agroforestry high yield good harvest.Along with China's drought and water shortage, the aggravation of fertilizer deficiency problem and the enforcement of strategy to develop western regions, development water saving, the fertile agricultural of joint, recover and to build the needs of ecotope day by day urgent.The appearance of water-retention fertilizer, the production development marketization, by becoming agricultural high-effiency water saving, the important chemical water-saving that saves the fields such as fertile forestation planting grass greening, vegetables cultivation of fruit tree saves fertilizer technology.Believe in the near future, with the forerunner of technology and take as the leading factor with enterprise, water-retention fertilizer will play an important role in agroforestry field.
Summary of the invention
The deficiency existing for prior art, technical problem to be solved by this invention is, the preparation method of a kind of hydroscopic high-molecular resin (ammonium phosphate) water-retention fertilizer is provided, shortened process, reduce the production time, reduce production costs, solved the injury difficult problem of a large amount of use traditional fertilizer to soil, increase the content of SAP water-retention fertilizer nitrogen, phosphorus, supply with demand of plant growth.Improvement soil, prevents hardening of soil.Constant product quality.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is that the preparation method of a kind of hydroscopic high-molecular resin manufacture (ammonium phosphate) water-retention fertilizer, comprises following content:
the preparation method who manufactures hydroscopic high-molecular resin water-retention fertilizer, comprises following content:
(1) the preparation NaOH aqueous solution: the NaOH 800g that concentration is 30%;
(2) neutralization reaction: the NaOH aqueous solution preparing is joined to 1500g purity continuously and be greater than in 99.5% vinylformic acid, carry out neutralization reaction, the reaction times is 20 minutes; Then cool to 60-70 DEG C;
(3) graft copolymerization: in the solution after neutralization reaction, the disposable 1200g of adding phosphoric acid, 500g urea stir, rotating speed is that 110-120 turns, add again 8g ethylene glycol linking agent, then add 4g Potassium Persulphate initiator, carry out graft copolymerization, the temperature in reaction process is controlled at 100 DEG C-115 DEG C, and the reaction times is 15-20 minute;
(4) solidify dry: reaction mixture is diverted in polymerization digestor; React mixed solution after 10-20 minute and aggregate into solid, in polymerization process, heat of polymerization makes material seasoning;
(5) pulverize: solid phase prod is ground into particle, gets product.
Water absorbent rate 300g/g; Phosphorus content >=45%; Nitrogen content >=9%
The preparation method of above-mentioned hydroscopic high-molecular resin, the vinylformic acid using: 1.051 gram per centimeters when proportion is 20 DEG C
Boiling point is 141.3 DEG C, and flash-point is 54.5 DEG C.
The preparation method of above-mentioned hydroscopic high-molecular resin, comprises following content:
(1) the preparation NaOH aqueous solution: the NaOH 800g that concentration is 30%;
(2) neutralization reaction: the NaOH aqueous solution preparing is joined to 1500g purity continuously and be greater than in 99.5% vinylformic acid, carry out neutralization reaction, the reaction times is 20 minutes; Then cool to 60-70 DEG C;
(3) graft copolymerization: in the solution after neutralization reaction, the disposable 1260g of adding phosphoric acid, 550g urea stir, rotating speed is that 100-120 turns, add again 9g ethylene glycol linking agent, then add 5g Potassium Persulphate initiator, carry out graft copolymerization, the temperature in reaction process is controlled at 100 DEG C-115 DEG C, and the reaction times is 15-20 minute;
(4) solidify dry: reaction mixture is diverted in polymerization digestor; React mixed solution after 10-20 minute and aggregate into solid, in polymerization process, heat of polymerization makes material seasoning;
(5) pulverize: solid phase prod is ground into particle, gets product.
Water absorbent rate 315g/g; Phosphorus content >=45%; Nitrogen content >=9%
The preparation method of above-mentioned hydroscopic high-molecular resin, the vinylformic acid using: 1.051 gram per centimeters when proportion is 20 DEG C
, boiling point is 141.3 DEG C, flash-point is 54.5 DEG C.
The preparation method of a kind of hydroscopic high-molecular resin manufacture of the present invention (ammonium phosphate) water-retention fertilizer, tool has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
1, on production technology process, once aggregate into product, dry without baking, the process of polymerization exotherm is exactly dry process, without gelatinization, without processes such as washing, saponification, make the technological process of production shorten 5 times, can in 1 hour, produce finished product, reduce production costs.Solve the injury difficult problem of a large amount of use traditional fertilizer to soil.Meanwhile, in production process, produce environmentally safe, safety and environmental protection without the three wastes (waste material, waste gas, waste water).
2, constant product quality, can be placed directly in plant root, to the growth of root system of plant without injury, after evenly mixing with soil, the liquid manure in storage soil that can be a large amount of, does not evaporate and does not run off for a long time, improve preserving soil moisture, water conservation, fertilizer-preserving ability, supply with uniformly nutrition according to demand of plant growth, effectively promote the surviving of plant, g and D, guarantee that plant-growth resists arid ability.Meanwhile, improved soil nodule structure, keeps soil from packing together and salinization, makes the liquid manure of soil be difficult for running off, and improves soil liquid manure utilization ratio.The censorship of water-retention fertilizer product, checks the requirement (NO:QIQ-12360556) that meets NY886-2004 agricultural industry standard through Qingdao City's quality supervision and test;
embodiment
embodiment 1
The preparation method of above-mentioned hydroscopic high-molecular resin, comprises following content (1) the preparation NaOH aqueous solution: the NaOH 800g that concentration is 30%;
(2) neutralization reaction: the NaOH aqueous solution preparing is joined to 1500g purity continuously and be greater than in 99.5% vinylformic acid, carry out neutralization reaction, the reaction times is 20 minutes; Then cool to 60-70 DEG C;
(3) graft copolymerization: in the solution after neutralization reaction, the disposable 1260g of adding phosphoric acid, 550g urea stir, rotating speed is that 100-110 turns, add again 8g ethylene glycol linking agent, then add 5g Potassium Persulphate initiator, carry out graft copolymerization, the temperature in reaction process is controlled at 100 DEG C-115 DEG C, and the reaction times is 15-20 minute;
(4) solidify dry: reaction mixture is diverted in polymerization digestor; React mixed solution after 10-20 minute and aggregate into solid, in polymerization process, heat of polymerization makes material seasoning;
(5) pulverize: solid phase prod is ground into particle, gets product.
Water absorbent rate 290g/g; Phosphorus content >=45%; Nitrogen content >=9%
embodiment 2
The preparation method of above-mentioned hydroscopic high-molecular resin, comprises following content
(1) the preparation NaOH aqueous solution: the NaOH 800g that concentration is 30%;
(2) neutralization reaction: the NaOH aqueous solution preparing is joined to 1500g purity continuously and be greater than in 99.5% vinylformic acid, carry out neutralization reaction, the reaction times is 20 minutes; Then cool to 70-80 DEG C;
(3) graft copolymerization: in the solution after neutralization reaction, the disposable 1270g of adding phosphoric acid, 530g urea stir, rotating speed is that 110-120 turns, add again 6g ethylene glycol linking agent, then add 4g Potassium Persulphate initiator, carry out graft copolymerization, the temperature in reaction process is controlled at 100 DEG C-115 DEG C, and the reaction times is 15-20 minute;
(4) solidify dry: reaction mixture is diverted in polymerization digestor; React mixed solution after 10-20 minute and aggregate into solid, in polymerization process, heat of polymerization makes material seasoning;
(5) pulverize: solid phase prod is ground into particle, gets product.
Water absorbent rate 310g/g; Phosphorus content >=45%; Nitrogen content >=9%
embodiment 3
The preparation method of above-mentioned hydroscopic high-molecular resin, comprises following content
(1) the preparation NaOH aqueous solution: the NaOH 800g that concentration is 30%;
(2) neutralization reaction: the NaOH aqueous solution preparing is joined to 1500g purity continuously and be greater than in 99.5% vinylformic acid, carry out neutralization reaction, the reaction times is 20 minutes; Then cool to 60-70 DEG C;
(3) graft copolymerization: in the solution after neutralization reaction, the disposable 1230g of adding phosphoric acid, 570g urea stir, rotating speed is that 110-120 turns, add again 8g ethylene glycol linking agent, then add 4g Potassium Persulphate initiator, carry out graft copolymerization, the temperature in reaction process is controlled at 100 DEG C-115 DEG C, and the reaction times is 15-20 minute;
(4) solidify dry: reaction mixture is diverted in polymerization digestor; React mixed solution after 10-20 minute and aggregate into solid, in polymerization process, heat of polymerization makes material seasoning;
(5) pulverize: solid phase prod is ground into particle, gets product.
Water absorbent rate 280g/g; Phosphorus content >=45%; Nitrogen content >=9%
embodiment 4
The preparation method of above-mentioned hydroscopic high-molecular resin, comprises following content
(1) the preparation NaOH aqueous solution: the NaOH 800g that concentration is 30%;
(2) neutralization reaction: the NaOH aqueous solution preparing is joined to 1500g purity continuously and be greater than in 99.5% vinylformic acid, carry out neutralization reaction, the reaction times is 20 minutes; Then cool to 65-75 DEG C;
(3) graft copolymerization: in the solution after neutralization reaction, the disposable 1220g of adding phosphoric acid, 520g urea stir, rotating speed is that 110-120 turns, add again 8g ethylene glycol linking agent, then add 5g Potassium Persulphate initiator, carry out graft copolymerization, the temperature in reaction process is controlled at 100 DEG C-115 DEG C, and the reaction times is 15-20 minute;
(4) solidify dry: reaction mixture is diverted in polymerization digestor; React mixed solution after 10-20 minute and aggregate into solid, in polymerization process, heat of polymerization makes material seasoning;
(5) pulverize: solid phase prod is ground into particle, gets product.
Water absorbent rate 330g/g; Phosphorus content >=45%; Nitrogen content >=9%
The above, be only preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the restriction of the present invention being made to other form, and any those skilled in the art may utilize the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement to be changed or be modified as the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations.But every technical solution of the present invention content that do not depart from, any simple modification, equivalent variations and the remodeling above embodiment done according to technical spirit of the present invention, still belong to the protection domain of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a preparation method for hydroscopic high-molecular resin (ammonium phosphate) water-retention fertilizer, comprises following content:
(1) the preparation NaOH aqueous solution: the NaOH 800g that concentration is 30%;
(2) neutralization reaction: the NaOH aqueous solution preparing is joined to 1500g purity continuously and be greater than in 99.5% vinylformic acid, carry out neutralization reaction, the reaction times is 20 minutes; Then cool to 60-70 DEG C;
(3) graft copolymerization: in the solution after neutralization reaction, the disposable 1200g of adding phosphoric acid, 500g urea stir, rotating speed is that 110-120 turns, add again 8g ethylene glycol linking agent, then add 4g Potassium Persulphate initiator, carry out graft copolymerization, the temperature in reaction process is controlled at 100 DEG C-115 DEG C, and the reaction times is 15-20 minute;
(4) solidify dry: reaction mixture is diverted in polymerization digestor; React mixed solution after 10-20 minute and aggregate into solid, in polymerization process, heat of polymerization makes material seasoning;
(5) pulverize: solid phase prod is ground into particle, gets product.
2. water absorbent rate 300g/g; Phosphorus content >=45%; Nitrogen content >=9%
The preparation method of above-mentioned hydroscopic high-molecular resin, the vinylformic acid using: 1.051 gram per centimeters when proportion is 20 DEG C
Boiling point is 141.3 DEG C, and flash-point is 54.5 DEG C.
3. the preparation method of above-mentioned hydroscopic high-molecular resin, comprises following content:
(1) the preparation NaOH aqueous solution: the NaOH 800g that concentration is 30%;
(2) neutralization reaction: the NaOH aqueous solution preparing is joined to 1500g purity continuously and be greater than in 99.5% vinylformic acid, carry out neutralization reaction, the reaction times is 20 minutes; Then cool to 60-70 DEG C;
(3) graft copolymerization: in the solution after neutralization reaction, the disposable 1260g of adding phosphoric acid, 550g urea stir, rotating speed is that 100-120 turns, add again 9g ethylene glycol linking agent, then add 5g Potassium Persulphate initiator, carry out graft copolymerization, the temperature in reaction process is controlled at 100 DEG C-115 DEG C, and the reaction times is 15-20 minute;
(4) solidify dry: reaction mixture is diverted in polymerization digestor; React mixed solution after 10-20 minute and aggregate into solid, in polymerization process, heat of polymerization makes material seasoning;
(5) pulverize: solid phase prod is ground into particle, gets product.
4. water absorbent rate 300g/g; Phosphorus content >=45%; Nitrogen content >=9%
The preparation method of above-mentioned hydroscopic high-molecular resin, the vinylformic acid using: 1.051 gram per centimeters when proportion is 20 DEG C
, boiling point is 141.3 DEG C, flash-point is 54.5 DEG C.
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| CN112042322B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2022-04-08 | 中国铁道科学研究院集团有限公司铁道建筑研究所 | Fiber granule for side slope spray seeding, preparation method and spray seeding method |
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