CN103910589A - Macromolecule polymer-active mineral soil comixed agricultural drought-resistant water-retaining soil improver - Google Patents
Macromolecule polymer-active mineral soil comixed agricultural drought-resistant water-retaining soil improver Download PDFInfo
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- CN103910589A CN103910589A CN201310000436.6A CN201310000436A CN103910589A CN 103910589 A CN103910589 A CN 103910589A CN 201310000436 A CN201310000436 A CN 201310000436A CN 103910589 A CN103910589 A CN 103910589A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a macromolecule polymer-active mineral soil comixed agricultural drought-resistant water-retaining soil improver, and belongs to the fields of macromolecule material, agriculture and agricultural water-retaining agent. Raw materials and a synthetic technology of a macromolecule polymer superabsorbent resin as an agricultural drought-resistant water-retaining agent are improved, and the macromolecule polymer superabsorbent resin is comixed with active mineral soil, so that a soil aggregate structure can be improved, the soil air and water permeability can be increased, the salt tolerance, breathing property and water-retaining and fertilizer-retaining performance of the macromolecule polymer superabsorbent resin can be enhanced and improved, and crop increase production is promoted.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of high molecular polymer and active mineral soil blend coping with agriculture drought retaining soil moisture modifying agent, belong to macromolecular material, agriculture and agriculture water-holding agent field.
Background technology
China's arid and semi-arid area total area is 4,550,000 hm2, accounts for 47% of territory total area, and along with China's strategic emphasis progressively shifts to western part, water resources more and more becomes one of important restriction factor of the national economic development.And the agricultural of China is water rich and influential family, agricultural water accounts for 73.4% of total water amount, production efficiency deficiency 1.0k/m3.Annual lack of water approximately 30,000,000,000 m3 of China agricultural, agricultural water crisis constantly aggravates, and agriculture production will be to stable high yield future development, must develop to make full use of water saving irrigation and the dry farmland water conservation and moisture-holding technology centered by limited precipitation; Utilize water-loss reducer of soil to reach a kind of new way and the novel method that water-saving and yield-increasing object is current experimental study.Water-holding agent claims again water-loss reducer of soil, high water absorbent, wetting Agent for Printing Inks, super absorbent resin, polymer water-absorbent, is the high molecular polymer that utilizes a kind of superelevation water-absorbing-retaining ability that strong absorptive resin makes.It rapidly hundred times of specific absorption self tuples even the deionized water, decades of times of thousands of times to saliferous moisture nearly a hundred times, and there is absorbent function repeatedly, after water suction, be expanded to hydrogel, can slowly discharge moisture absorbs for crop, thereby enhancing water retention, improvement Soil structure, deep percolation and the loss of soil nutrient of minimizing water, improve efficiency of water application.Water-holding agent is to regulate the soil water, heat, vaporous condition, improves Soil structure, the effective means of increasing soil fertility.In the applied research of water-holding agent, following problem waits further research: 1. water-holding agent and water, fertilizer, soil, plant, the interaction relationship of gas, the effect of salinity in water-holding agent and water, soil, fertilizer, mineral substance etc., and how to realize the research of water-holding agent " water conservation, fertilizer conservation, soil conservation, growth encourage, safety " five functional.2. use the Water Saving Irrigation System of various crops under water-holding agent condition, the research of Irrigation.3. be applicable to the research of water-holding agent optimum spraying amount, method of application and the fertilization mode of Different climate, area, soil.4. use the different growing stage of crop under water-holding agent condition, depletion distributes moisture evaporation, photosynthesis and product and transforms and impact on crop kernel quality, output in various degree.5. be integrated as the comprehensive water conservation technical study of feature with water-holding agent and other drought-resistant agriculture measure.6. the impact of long-term application water-holding agent on crop, soil, environment and degradation property thereof, long-lasting research.
At present mainly exist some to be difficult to avoid shortcoming as the High hydrophilous resin of coping with agriculture drought water-holding agent, as high in ionic water-absorbing resin water-retaining capacity, but salt tolerance is poor, and absorption speed is slower.Non-ionic type water-absorbing resin absorption speed is fast, and salt tolerance is relatively better, but water-retaining capacity is lower.The rear physical strength of water-absorbing resin water suction that water regain is large is low, and the water-absorbing resin water regain that after water suction, intensity is high is low.Can introduce multiple functional group by composite, improve the salt resistance of water-absorbing resin and improve the gel-strength after water suction; Main employing superpolymer and superpolymer blend at present, superpolymer and inorganic hydrogel blend, superpolymer and organic low molecular blend, superpolymer and inorganic powder blend or compound, to improve the defect existing as the High hydrophilous resin of coping with agriculture drought water-holding agent; The High hydrophilous resin ubiquity salt tolerance poor (generally the water absorbent rate of saline solns only absorbs 10% left and right of distilled water multiplying power for it) of coping with agriculture drought water-holding agent, and coping with agriculture drought water-holding agent generally uses edatope to have salt to exist, improve salt resistance to its effect performance important in inhibiting.Except adopting blend physically modified, also should improve at High hydrophilous resin synthetic materials and technique; Should possess and can have the breathing that root system of plant can not be provided according to crop needs " water suction, waterproof " most coping with agriculture drought water-holding agent as the High hydrophilous resin of coping with agriculture drought water-holding agent, cause plant to produce rotten.In addition, after most coping with agriculture drought water-holding agent is manured into soil, water retention property and the fertilizer conservation performance to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium nutrition sharply decline.
Summary of the invention
For the problem of above existence, provide a kind of high molecular polymer and active mineral soil blend coping with agriculture drought retaining soil moisture modifying agent.By improving starting material and the synthesis technique as the high molecular polymer High hydrophilous resin of coping with agriculture drought water-holding agent, improve and improve the salt tolerance of high molecular polymer High hydrophilous resin, " breathing " property and preserve moisture and fertility performance.Adopt coupling agent, " bridging " has the active inorganic mineral soil of high-hydroscopicity.(1), utilize the adsorptivity of active mineral soil strong, there is the characteristic of ion-exchange, improve the salt tolerance of high molecular polymer High hydrophilous resin.(2), utilize the wet pressure of agglutinating value(of coal), heat resistanceheat resistant of active mineral soil, improve gel after the water suction of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer High hydrophilous resin intensity (3), utilize self water-absorbent of active mineral soil, and effectively adjust water suction and the release function of water according to soil humidity, collaborative cooperation high molecular polymer High hydrophilous resin preserve moisture and fertility work (1) utilizes the effect of the fertilizer carrier of active mineral soil, provide water conservation, fertilizer supply and preservation, as soil improvement agent.
High molecular polymer of the present invention and active mineral soil blend coping with agriculture drought retaining soil moisture modifying agent, prepared by following methods: the anti-salt high-molecular polymkeric substance of modification water-absorbing resin 75-80%wt, coupling agent 2-3%wt, active mineral soil 20-25%wt.By anti-modification salt high-molecular polymkeric substance water-absorbing resin, coupling agent material, adds active mineral soil to stir and emits, and adopts Special grinder for disintegrating to be crushed to certain fineness.Become high molecular polymer and active mineral soil blend coping with agriculture drought water conservation, soil improvement agent; Wherein: 1, the anti-salt high-molecular polymkeric substance of modification water-absorbing resin: by improving starting material and the synthesis technique as the high molecular polymer High hydrophilous resin of coping with agriculture drought water-holding agent, improve and improve the salt tolerance of high molecular polymer High hydrophilous resin, " breathing " property and preserve moisture and fertility performance.Main method has (1), by copolyreaction; introduce other hydrophilic monomers; as cationic, anionic, non-ionic type and zwitterionic monomer; make resin have multiple hydrophilic radical, synergy improves salt resistance (2) and adopts tensio-active agent and ion exchange resin to modify the salt concn that reduces High hydrophilous resin particle environment in solution with mineral ion carrier method.(3), select the band hydrophilic radical linking agent with certain molecular weight, can improve resin water-retaining capacity and salt tolerance.(4), utilize ipn technology, incompatible or part compatible polymeric can be merged together, make the good performance of their physical and chemical performance performance synergy.Adopt the anti-salt high-molecular polymkeric substance of via Inverse-Phase Suspension Polymerization synthesis modification water-absorbing resin; Prepared by following methods: Acrylic Acid Monomer 100, water 133, sodium hydroxide 44.7, initiator 0.067, linking agent 0.01, emulsifying agent 8, dispersion agent 470.Preparation technology: vinylformic acid, water, sodium hydroxide, initiator, linking agent, emulsifying agent, dispersion medium are added in reactor, stir and fully mix, heat up 60 DEG C, continue to stir 1h, more than processing 1h with initiator solution again, polyase 13 h at 80 DEG C again, the anti-salt high-molecular polymkeric substance of the modification water-absorbing resin of filtration drying; The preferred Potassium Persulphate of above-mentioned initiator, ammonium persulphate, hydrogen peroxide, bisulfite amine; Preferred N-N ' the methylene-bisacrylamide of above-mentioned linking agent, Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, alkyl phosphate salt, Inverse suspension; The preferred sorbitan list of above-mentioned emulsifying agent hard soap, Span-20, this dish 60, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; The preferred hexanaphthene of above-mentioned dispersion agent, Inverse suspension; Wherein: 2, active mineral soil: active mineral soil is non-type grogs, active mineral soil can store 150%-300% water, after active mineral soil is manured into soil, energy water-swelling, change the ratio of solid, liquid, gas in soil, make Soil structure loose, play the effect that improves soil physical property, make soil water-retaining, fertilizer conservation contaminated soil environment not again, thereby improve the drought-resistant ability of soil.It is very effective soil improvement agent in arid area.Active mineral soil has higher cation exchange capacity, stronger water retention capacity and good agglutinating value(of coal).Cation exchange capacity is an important indicator of soil fertilizer fertilizer.The cation exchange capacity of general sandy soil and sandy loam is all less than 0. 7mmol/g, and most of soil is 0.7～2.Ommol/g, and active mineral soil cation exchange capacity is generally 8.0～12.0 mmol/g.In addition, the water-intake rate of property mineral soil is up to 150%-300%, and dry-pressing intensity can reach 6kg/cm2.Bentonitic these performances have good effect to building up fertility, can make soil improvement agent.To be more obvious to the sandy soil improved effect that quality is lighter, because this soil often lacks cementing material, Soil structure be poor, and when dry, grogs easily scatters, soaked rear easily heavy plate.Meanwhile, fertilizer conservation, poor water retention property, can not meet the needs of crop growth.Usability mineral soil is made modifying agent, can contribute to the formation of Soil structure, improves preserve moisture and fertility ability, improves the hydrothermal condition of soil, meets the needs to the condition such as nutrient and moisture in crop each vegetative period, reaches the object of high grade and yield of crops; Active mineral soil is used for improveing soil, and except having stronger fertilizer conservation water retention property, it can also increase the surge capability of soil, the harmful element in absorption soil.Mercury in soil is the mercury source on the uncooked food chain of land, larger on the impact of leaf vegetables crop.Nearly 17% mercury is in leaf, and the mercury of carrying to human body by vegetables can reach the more than 25% of Mercury in Plants total content, and vegetable crop has made multiple leaf vegetables mercury content exceed food hygienic standard to the enrichment of mercury.And active mineral soil can promote Hg2+ to transform to indissoluble state, suppress the activity of mercury, it is remained in soil, alleviate the pollution of soil harmful element to crop.In addition, active mineral soil is the carrier of the required fertilizer of plant, moisture, active mineral soil also has fixed nitrogen, solid potassium and fixing organic effect, it can reduce the loss of fertilizer in soil, control the release of nutrient in fertilizer, improve the utilization ratio of fertilizer, reach the effect that promotes increasing crop yield, above-mentioned preferably wilkinite, zeolite, glaukonine, potassium bearing rock, sepiolite, vermiculite, carbon phosphate rock stone, diatomite, perlite of active mineral soil; Wherein, 3, coupling agent: coupling agent can improve bonding strength between resin and solid surface and an one type of silane of weather resistance.The normally organic radical of connecting band functional group on Siliciumatom, simultaneously again with an one type of silane of hydrolysable group phase bonding.Silane coupling agent as action principle be that itself has two kinds of groups; A kind of group can with the framework material combination of being glued; Another kind of group can be combined with macromolecular material or caking agent, thereby forms powerful higher chemical bond at bonding interface, has greatly improved bonding strength.The application of silane coupling agent generally has three kinds of methods: the one, as the surface treatment agent of framework material; The 2nd, join in caking agent, the 3rd, directly join in macromolecular material, above-mentioned coupling agent is silane coupling agent.
High molecular polymer of the present invention and active mineral soil blend coping with agriculture drought retaining soil moisture modifying agent, water-intake rate 1400g/g, inhales 0.9% sodium chloride aqueous solution 400g/g, and the N,P,K fertilizers in soil is had to sorption and desorption ability.Be applicable to drought-resistant water-preserving and the soil improvement of agricultural, forestry, gardening.In soil, add 0.2% high molecular polymer and active mineral soil blend coping with agriculture drought water conservation, soil improvement agent, can improve soil aggregate, increase soil ventilative water permeability, absorb moisture 95% by plant utilization.In soil, adding 0.2% high molecular polymer and active mineral soil blend coping with agriculture drought water conservation, soil improvement agent, wheat can increase production 10-15%, tobacco volume increase 35%, and trees surviving rate increases by 3 times.
Claims (2)
1. a high molecular polymer and active mineral soil blend coping with agriculture drought retaining soil moisture modifying agent, it is characterized in that, high molecular polymer of the present invention and active mineral soil blend coping with agriculture drought water conservation, soil improvement agent, prepared by following methods: the anti-salt high-molecular polymkeric substance of modification water-absorbing resin 75-80%wt, coupling agent 2-3%wt, active mineral soil 20-25%wt, by anti-modification salt high-molecular polymkeric substance water-absorbing resin, coupling agent material, adding active mineral soil to stir emits, adopt Special grinder for disintegrating to be crushed to certain fineness, become high molecular polymer and active mineral soil blend coping with agriculture drought water conservation, soil improvement agent.
2. a high molecular polymer and active mineral soil blend coping with agriculture drought retaining soil moisture modifying agent, it is characterized in that, wherein: (1), the anti-salt high-molecular polymkeric substance of modification water-absorbing resin: prepared by following methods: Acrylic Acid Monomer 100, water 133, sodium hydroxide 44.7, initiator 0.067, linking agent 0.01, emulsifying agent 8, dispersion agent 470; Preparation technology: vinylformic acid, water, sodium hydroxide, initiator, linking agent, emulsifying agent, dispersion medium are added in reactor, stir and fully mix, heat up 60 DEG C, continue to stir 1h, more than processing 1h with initiator solution again, polyase 13 h at 80 DEG C again, the anti-salt high-molecular polymkeric substance of the modification water-absorbing resin of filtration drying; The preferred Potassium Persulphate of above-mentioned initiator, ammonium persulphate, hydrogen peroxide, bisulfite amine; , the above-mentioned preferred N-N ' methylene-bisacrylamide of linking agent, Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, alkyl phosphate salt, Inverse suspension; The preferred sorbitan list of above-mentioned emulsifying agent hard soap, Span-20, this dish 60, Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate; The preferred hexanaphthene of above-mentioned dispersion agent, Inverse suspension; Wherein: (2), active mineral soil: preferably wilkinite, zeolite, glaukonine, potassium bearing rock, sepiolite, vermiculite, carbon phosphate rock stone, diatomite, perlite; Wherein, 3, coupling agent: silane coupling agent.
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| CN104542216A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-29 | 安徽霍山鹏泽生物科技有限公司 | Cloth bag planting method of dendrobium huoshanense |
| CN106220789A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2016-12-14 | 丁玉琴 | A kind of preparation method of anti salt super absorbent resin |
| CN106905977A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2017-06-30 | 青岛川硅藻土有限公司 | A kind of coping with agriculture drought retaining soil moisture modifying agent |
| CN107473808A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2017-12-15 | 安徽强农牧业有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of potted plant succulent moisturizing culture medium |
| CN108401771A (en) * | 2018-04-17 | 2018-08-17 | 绩溪县徽安生态农业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of high-quality yellow peach |
| CN108892452A (en) * | 2018-08-21 | 2018-11-27 | 龚良军 | A kind of novel water-keeping material and its preparation method and application |
| CN108948293A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-12-07 | 陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司 | A kind of humic acid base compound water retaining agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN115504825A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2022-12-23 | 南京蓝景生物科技有限公司 | Soil improvement biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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| CN104542216A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-29 | 安徽霍山鹏泽生物科技有限公司 | Cloth bag planting method of dendrobium huoshanense |
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| CN115504825A (en) * | 2021-06-03 | 2022-12-23 | 南京蓝景生物科技有限公司 | Soil improvement biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140709 |