CN103907421A - Treatment method for intensive rocky desertification in karst mountainous area - Google Patents
Treatment method for intensive rocky desertification in karst mountainous area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a treatment method for intensive rocky desertification in a karst mountainous area. The method includes: protecting actual vegetation, cleaning forest land, and establishing a strict enclosure management system; promoting vegetation recovery through artificial complementary planting for complementary afforestation and appropriate bunch planting of cypress, privet, paper mulberry and triadica sebifera; developing economic tree species and Sichuan pepper planting; developing economic fruit tree construction, adopting low and short crop and economic forest interplanting mode to develop forest and grass interplanting, and selecting ryegrass, pennisetum hydridum and honeysuckle as artificial planting grass to solve the problem of shortage of livestock feed; developing rural tourism, constructing a biogas energy system, comprehensively utilizing biogas residue, establishing a forest-bird mode, and modifying original water conservancy facilities, utilizing the roof water collection technology and connecting a roof water collection level ground with a cistern so as to solve the problem about drinking water for human and livestock. By the treatment method, the intensive rocky desertification in the karst mountainous area is treated effectively, water and soil loss is reduced, the trend of rock coverage is restrained, and social and economic coordinated development is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the improvement method of a kind of Karst Mountain Areas intensity stony desertification.
Background technology
China is exposed, half exposed karst distribution area reaches more than 1,300,000 square kilometres, accounts for 13.54% of territory total area.550,000 square kilometres of Karst Area In South Chinas centered by Guizhou Plateau, be China and even the torrid zone, the world, subtropics karst distribution area maximum, grow the strongest area, environment of karst and ecological problem all have very strong typicalness and representativeness in the whole nation and the world.Special environment and ecology has all produced many-sided effect to natural conditions, human survival and socio-economic development: on the one hand; the earth history differentiation that act as power with corrosion, erosion and avalanche has formed the colourful torrid zone, subtropics karst landscape; in world's karst, occupy the status highlighting; high-grade world natural heritage, in the urgent need to protection.On the other hand, with population overloading, deforestation is opened up wasteland, and the human history that water and soil loss and stony desert turn to core develops the degeneration that has aggravated fragile ecological environment, and socio-economic development lags behind, and has very strong representativeness in world's karst, in the urgent need to administering.
Karst is a huge Man Land relationship system, and the ecosystem fragile in system under moving obstacle, has formed and had the exclusive environmental degradation phenomenon in karst, i.e. stony desertification in strong people.Stony desertification is under Vulnerable kast ecologicalenvironmenin, the irrational socio-economic activity of the mankind, cause that people ground is particularly thorny, vegetation deterioration, water and soil loss, rock gradually exposed, productivity of land decline lose, earth's surface visually presents the evolution process that is similar to desertification view.The generation of stony desertification, is the result that a multifactor interaction forms, and is not simple natural process, but a nature and society economy is tightly relevant, takes factor as the leading factor and the process of the environmental deterioration, land deterioration and the stony desertification that cause with human activity.
Stony desertification intensity in Karst Mountain Areas can be divided into six grades according to the exposed rate of rock and vegetation and the capped rate of soil, be respectively without stony desertification, potential stony desertification, slight stony desertification, moderate stony desertification, intensity stony desertification and extremely strong stony desertification, intensity stony desertification refers to the exposed rate of rock between 71-90%, the Karst Mountain Areas of the capped rate of vegetation or soil between 29-10%.In intensity stony desertification region, land desertification is strong, substantially can flow without soil, mostly is the difficulty utilization ground that is about to lose agricultural value.
In prior art, also there is not the comprehensive processing method for Karst Mountain Areas intensity stony desertification specially, the habitat conditions of different brackets stony desertification, the origin cause of formation is different, its recovery process, mechanism, administration way, engineering configuration also need variant.But in Rocky Desertification Control engineering, often do not carry out engineering design and measure configuration for different brackets stony desertification now, and administration way is single, for example, be only afforestation, causes regulation effect not obvious.The present invention is the Rocky Desertification Control method for this kind of region.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides the improvement method in intensity stony desertification region, a kind of Karst Mountain Areas, the method is the special comprehensive processing method for intensity stony desertification region, Karst Mountain Areas, administer by the method, the water and soil loss of Karst Mountain Areas obviously reduces, rock is exposed is contained, human society and the economy in this region are developed in harmony.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
1, an improvement method for Karst Mountain Areas intensity stony desertification, comprises the steps:
1) protect existing vegetation, clear up by forest land, seedling fosters, and removes harmful exotic plant, protects local species growing environment; Forbid hillside to prevent herding, the behavior of setting the mountain on fire, sets up strict fencing management system;
2) for the existing ecosystem, mend by artificial after-culture make, suitably program request cypress, glossy privet, paper mulberry and Chinese tallow tree, promote revegetation, strengthen later stage nursery stock and manage and protect work;
3) develop the economy type seeds Chinese prickly ash plantation, strengthens the training of peasant's correlation technique, cultivates villager's Ecological environment construction consciousness;
4) Non-timber Forest fruit is built, and selects heat-resisting drought resisting seeds sugarcane, cherry, oranges and tangerines, the plantation of five-pointed star Chinese lute, adopts short crop and economic forest intercropping mode, and plantation soybean, capsicum and ginger, make full use of land resources;
5) development woods grass intercropping, select perennial ryegrass, hybrid giant napier and honeysuckle as artificial planting grass, through " land reclamation-whole ground-soil treatment-fertilising-sowing-compacting-field management-grassland utilizes and management " flow process, realize meadow plantation, manage and protect and store; Set up efficent rotation system, adopt field in winter slack, mountain area soil species grass technology, utilize part nonirrigated farmland planting forage grass, solve animal feeding-stuff shortage problem;
6) adopt " model household+peasant household " pattern, development Peasants Joy, builds the energetic system of methane, and natural pond slag for comprehensive utilizes, and improves peasant household's production and operation level, promotes community development;
7) by setting up woods fowl pattern, promote sylvan life kind grass and support fowl, the poultry of development sylvan life science, goose, utilize idle plot and roof development growing vegetables, promote the biological cycle of " pig-biogas-fertilizer ", the fancy fruits such as plantation loquat, navel orange, set up " pig-natural pond-economic forest " Garden economy pattern;
8) by the original water conservancy projects of transformation, increase and retain engineering, utilize intercepting drain, block gully and form domatic interception network, fully tackle rainwash, develop natural precipitation or spring, set up head-tank, field cistern is carried out serial or parallel connection by recycling pipeline, alleviates the imbalance between supply and demand of water, utilizes roofing technology of water catchment, roof amatsubo is connected with water cellar, solves human livestock drinking water.
Outstanding feature of the present invention is:
1, in prior art, also there is not the comprehensive processing method for Karst Mountain Areas intensity stony desertification specially, the habitat conditions of different brackets stony desertification, the origin cause of formation is different, its recovery process, mechanism, administration way, engineering configuration also need variant.But in Rocky Desertification Control engineering, often do not carry out engineering design and measure configuration for different brackets stony desertification now, and administration way is single, for example, be only afforestation, causes regulation effect not obvious.The present invention is separately for intensity stony desertification region, adopts comprehensive, specific technological means to administer, and regulation effect is obvious.
2, improvement method of the present invention is a comprehensive governance process, and all independent measures must be joined together, and just can play the effect of the comprehensive regulation.
3, from environment, humanity, economy, social development is comprehensively taken measures, and is not only from the environment change of getting on.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Hua Jiang demonstration area, Guanling of Guizhou-Zhenfeng belongs to typical intensity stony desertification region, Karst Mountain Areas, soil, demonstration area gross area 5162.11hm2, and wherein karst area 4538.64hm2, accounts for 87.92% of the soil gross area.Demonstration area intensity stony desert turns to master, and stony desertification area and 1351.99hm2 account for 29.79% of the karst gross area, and applicant has carried out the pilot of Rocky Desertification Control in this region, has adopted following improvement method:
1) protect existing vegetation, clear up by forest land, seedling fosters, and removes harmful exotic plant, protects local species growing environment; Forbid hillside to prevent herding, the behavior of setting the mountain on fire, sets up strict fencing management system;
2) for the existing ecosystem, mend by artificial after-culture make, suitably program request cypress, glossy privet, paper mulberry and Chinese tallow tree, promote revegetation, strengthen later stage nursery stock and manage and protect work;
3) develop the economy type seeds Chinese prickly ash plantation, strengthens the training of peasant's correlation technique, cultivates villager's Ecological environment construction consciousness;
4) Non-timber Forest fruit is built, and selects heat-resisting drought resisting seeds sugarcane, cherry, oranges and tangerines, the plantation of five-pointed star Chinese lute, adopts short crop and economic forest intercropping mode, and plantation soybean, capsicum and ginger, make full use of land resources;
5) development woods grass intercropping, select perennial ryegrass, hybrid giant napier and honeysuckle as artificial planting grass, through " land reclamation-whole ground-soil treatment-fertilising-sowing-compacting-field management-grassland utilizes and management " flow process, realize meadow plantation, manage and protect and store; Set up efficent rotation system, adopt field in winter slack, mountain area soil species grass technology, utilize part nonirrigated farmland planting forage grass, solve animal feeding-stuff shortage problem;
6) adopt " model household+peasant household " pattern, development Peasants Joy, builds the energetic system of methane, and natural pond slag for comprehensive utilizes, and improves peasant household's production and operation level, promotes community development;
7) by setting up woods fowl pattern, promote sylvan life kind grass and support fowl, the poultry of development sylvan life science, goose, utilize idle plot and roof development growing vegetables, promote the biological cycle of " pig-biogas-fertilizer ", the fancy fruits such as plantation loquat, navel orange, set up " pig-natural pond-economic forest " Garden economy pattern;
8) by the original water conservancy projects of transformation, increase and retain engineering, utilize intercepting drain, block gully and form domatic interception network, fully tackle rainwash, develop natural precipitation or spring, set up head-tank, field cistern is carried out serial or parallel connection by recycling pipeline, alleviates the imbalance between supply and demand of water, utilizes roofing technology of water catchment, roof amatsubo is connected with water cellar, solves human livestock drinking water.
The method that adopts remote sensing interpretation to combine with ground validation based on " 3S " technology, by small towns, demonstration area, village's group and typical peasant household socio-economic Surveys, improvement effect to 2005 and 2010 is carried out Comprehensive Comparison, find on the basis of 2005, demonstration area vegetation coverage improves 19.6%, soil erosion modulus reduces by 63.2%, and stony desertification area ratio in demonstration area reduces by 12.3%, and demonstration area per capita net income for farmers has improved 83.6%.
Claims (1)
1. an improvement method for Karst Mountain Areas intensity stony desertification, comprises the steps:
1) protect existing vegetation, clear up by forest land, seedling fosters, and removes harmful exotic plant, protects local species growing environment; Forbid hillside to prevent herding, the behavior of setting the mountain on fire, sets up strict fencing management system;
2) for the existing ecosystem, mend by artificial after-culture make, suitably program request cypress, glossy privet, paper mulberry and Chinese tallow tree, promote revegetation, strengthen later stage nursery stock and manage and protect work;
3) develop the economy type seeds Chinese prickly ash plantation, strengthens the training of peasant's correlation technique, cultivates villager's Ecological environment construction consciousness;
4) Non-timber Forest fruit is built, and selects heat-resisting drought resisting seeds sugarcane, cherry, oranges and tangerines, the plantation of five-pointed star Chinese lute, adopts short crop and economic forest intercropping mode, and plantation soybean, capsicum and ginger, make full use of land resources;
5) development woods grass intercropping, select perennial ryegrass, hybrid giant napier and honeysuckle as artificial planting grass, through " land reclamation-whole ground-soil treatment-fertilising-sowing-compacting-field management-grassland utilizes and management " flow process, realize meadow plantation, manage and protect and store; Set up efficent rotation system, adopt field in winter slack, mountain area soil species grass technology, utilize part nonirrigated farmland planting forage grass, solve animal feeding-stuff shortage problem;
6) adopt " model household+peasant household " pattern, development Peasants Joy, builds the energetic system of methane, and natural pond slag for comprehensive utilizes, and improves peasant household's production and operation level, promotes community development;
7) by setting up woods fowl pattern, promote sylvan life kind grass and support fowl, the poultry of development sylvan life science, goose, utilize idle plot and roof development growing vegetables, promote the biological cycle of " pig-biogas-fertilizer ", the fancy fruits such as plantation loquat, navel orange, set up " pig-natural pond-economic forest " Garden economy pattern;
8) by the original water conservancy projects of transformation, increase and retain engineering, utilize intercepting drain, block gully and form domatic interception network, fully tackle rainwash, develop natural precipitation or spring, set up head-tank, field cistern is carried out serial or parallel connection by recycling pipeline, alleviates the imbalance between supply and demand of water, utilizes roofing technology of water catchment, roof amatsubo is connected with water cellar, solves human livestock drinking water.
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104160847A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-11-26 | 普定县远山林下养鸡场 | Three-dimensional planting and cultivating method for rock desert mountain land |
| CN104938273A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-30 | 钟延华 | Method for interplanting gingers in orange garden |
| CN106385853A (en) * | 2016-09-04 | 2017-02-15 | 云南省能源研究院有限公司 | Method for improving plateau stony desertification |
| CN107318493A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-07 | 贵州省旱粮研究所 | A kind of screening technique of Job's tears drought resistant index |
| CN107409930A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-01 | 界首市家丰家庭农场 | The cultural method of interplanting Hangzhou chili in a kind of cherry orchard |
| CN109315117A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-12 | 贵州师范大学 | One kind spreading fertilizer over the fields method for Karst region bloompepper forest organic fertilizer |
| CN113079977A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-09 | 宁夏大学 | Method for interplanting Russian fodder vegetable under forest in mountain area |
| CN113767806A (en) * | 2021-08-28 | 2021-12-10 | 叶光志 | Karst region stony desertification land comprehensive treatment method |
| CN116267391A (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-06-23 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Karst macadimia nut forest grass three-dimensional cultivation method |
Families Citing this family (1)
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| CN107836266A (en) * | 2017-11-06 | 2018-03-27 | 广西壮族自治区环境保护对外合作交流中心 | The method that eastern ape with long arms and a black comb karst habitat is recovered |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104160847A (en) * | 2014-07-16 | 2014-11-26 | 普定县远山林下养鸡场 | Three-dimensional planting and cultivating method for rock desert mountain land |
| CN104938273A (en) * | 2015-06-15 | 2015-09-30 | 钟延华 | Method for interplanting gingers in orange garden |
| CN106385853A (en) * | 2016-09-04 | 2017-02-15 | 云南省能源研究院有限公司 | Method for improving plateau stony desertification |
| CN107318493A (en) * | 2017-07-04 | 2017-11-07 | 贵州省旱粮研究所 | A kind of screening technique of Job's tears drought resistant index |
| CN107409930A (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2017-12-01 | 界首市家丰家庭农场 | The cultural method of interplanting Hangzhou chili in a kind of cherry orchard |
| CN109315117A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2019-02-12 | 贵州师范大学 | One kind spreading fertilizer over the fields method for Karst region bloompepper forest organic fertilizer |
| CN109315117B (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2020-10-09 | 贵州师范大学 | Organic fertilizer broadcasting method for zanthoxylum bungeanum forest in karst region |
| CN113079977A (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2021-07-09 | 宁夏大学 | Method for interplanting Russian fodder vegetable under forest in mountain area |
| CN113767806A (en) * | 2021-08-28 | 2021-12-10 | 叶光志 | Karst region stony desertification land comprehensive treatment method |
| CN116267391A (en) * | 2023-03-23 | 2023-06-23 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Karst macadimia nut forest grass three-dimensional cultivation method |
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