CN1038986C - 旋流器 - Google Patents
旋流器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1038986C CN1038986C CN88101590A CN88101590A CN1038986C CN 1038986 C CN1038986 C CN 1038986C CN 88101590 A CN88101590 A CN 88101590A CN 88101590 A CN88101590 A CN 88101590A CN 1038986 C CN1038986 C CN 1038986C
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- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
- F27B7/20—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to rotary-drum furnaces
- F27B7/2016—Arrangements of preheating devices for the charge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04C—APPARATUS USING FREE VORTEX FLOW, e.g. CYCLONES
- B04C5/00—Apparatus in which the axial direction of the vortex is reversed
- B04C5/02—Construction of inlets by which the vortex flow is generated, e.g. tangential admission, the fluid flow being forced to follow a downward path by spirally wound bulkheads, or with slightly downwardly-directed tangential admission
- B04C5/04—Tangential inlets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
一种用于处理热气流中悬浮着的粉末状原材料的旋流器,其用途如,在悬浮体预热器装置中,处理水泥原材料等。该旋流器由具有垂直轴的筒腔(1、12)、锥形底部(2)和用于沉积材料的中央出料口(3)、用于筒腔(1、12)上部热气流的中央排气孔(4)和切向的热气入口(5)组成。在进气口的上部设有一个截面为三角形的斜挡板,所述斜挡板在所述筒腔的径向上向上向外倾斜,所述斜挡板的阻挡面积不超过进气口本身横截面积的20%。
Description
本发明涉及一种处理气流中悬浮粉状物质的沉积旋流器。此类旋流器数十年来一般作为回旋窑或锻烧炉前的预热器的组成部分,将水泥或其它类似原料在回旋窑或锻烧炉里燃烧和烧结成水泥熟料。在预热时,旋流器是沉积热空气或热气流中悬浮的原料的非常合适的装置。
悬浮体预热器,可能用一组或多组旋流器,每组又有几级,比如由4-5级旋流器组成。这些可以从一些专利说明书中了解到,比如GB-A-1434091和GB-A-1453215。至今为止,预热器一般用逆流式旋流器,它有一根垂直轴和切线向热空气入口,这可以从一些资料中找到,比如JP-A-84162/80(图1-4)或“水泥资料手册”第二版,第24.6.2节(494-496页),Macdonald and Evans,London,1977。
在一个预热窑系统中,气体通过这个系统时的压力降和系统的最经济运转方式之间有密切关系。因此,由采用悬浮体预热器和固定式预锻烧窑而实现的窑体积的减小都同时增大了压力降。在这种系统中,目前认为压力降为700-1000mmWG(28-40in.WG)是可允许的,而大部分压力降产生在预热器中。相应的窑中排气的具体能耗为10-15kwh/mt(0-14kwh/st)水泥熟料。因此,希望能采用较低压力降的预热器以减少能耗。
然而,目前已知的旋流器结构都有缺陷,即通入旋流器内的悬浮物,有相当大的部分直接从中央排气管排出去,即使中央排气管包括有一节伸入旋流器体中的延长部分以增加其停留时间,但这部分悬浮体在旋流器中停留的时间仍非常短。再者,这样做还可能加快插入筒腔中溢流管的磨损。所有这一切都妨碍了在预热器中为取得较低压力降所作的努力。
这种缺陷可以通过使用沉积旋流器来克服,和前述旋流器比较,它有较高的分离效率。尤其是在预热器的下端,由于上述理由,采用不要插入中央排气管的旋流器也是很理想的,这是因为插入的管子即使用耐热钢材做的,在一般情况下,它的使用寿命也非常有限。因此,本发明的目的是提供一种沉积旋流器,它可以处理预热器中热气流悬浮着的粉末原料,具有相当高的分离效率却不需要一根插入的中央管道。上述这些特点已在一个用于分离气流中悬浮粉末材料的旋流器上得到了实现。这种旋流器包括一个具体有纵轴的筒腔,一个位于筒腔底部用作收集沉积材料的向下收敛的截锥口,一个用于筒腔顶部气体的中央出气口和一个用于将气流导入筒腔边墙上部的切向进料导管,其特征是:在进气口的上部设有一个截面为三角形的斜档板,所述斜档板在所述筒腔的径向上向上向外倾斜,所述斜档板的阻挡面积不超过进气口本身横截面积的20%。
这种结构的旋流器,当悬浮气流通过给料管进入旋流器后,将受到偏转力,迫使它对着筒腔内壁,产生放射状的向外并且向下的运动,因此,气流在旋流器内可以达到预想的较长停留时间,从而得到更高程度的分离效果。
在给料管进入旋流器的部位,其下部最好是向下倾斜且在筒腔的径向上向内收缩,这样就可避免在旋流器内产生不希望有的水平平台而使沉积物可能在其上聚集。
装在进气导管口上部的斜挡板,其阻挡面积可能达到入口横切面积的20%。沿着进气导管向筒腔方向看斜挡板的形状,当入口为最常用的长方形截面时,可以是三角形;而当入口断面是圆形时,则可以是截弧形。斜挡板沿着气流方向上的长度最好达到其底边长度的两倍。
如果阻挡面积超过进气管入口横切面积的20%,可能造成旋流器的压力降,其数值将抵消这种结构取得的好处。
按照本发明所作的试验性生产表明,虽然它的直径比所知其它类型旋流器减小25%,但压力损失减少20-25%,同时仍可保持92%的分离效率。
本发明可参阅附图进一步说明,其中:
图1a为老式典型沉积旋流器的侧面图;
图1b为图1a旋流器的平面图;
图2a为本发明沉积旋流器的样机侧面图;
图2b为图2a旋流器的平面图。
图1和图2所用的数字,尽可能表示相同的部分。
如图1所示的原有的逆流型旋流器包括具有垂直轴的筒腔1,锥形底部2,用于排出沉积于旋流器中材料的出口3。伸入到筒腔1中的旋流器排气管4,悬浮于热气流中的原材料之矩形入口5,入口5的形状即为进气导管6的终端形状。悬浮物通过进气导管6进入旋流器,尽管是以切线方向进入,但仍有相当一部分经入口5直接从中央排气管4排出,这样,上述部分热气流在旋流器容体内停留时间过短,结果是悬浮于热气流中的粉末原料随其一起排出而未能被沉积分离出来。如果由于其它原因而未将中央排气管4插入旋转器,则上述不期望影响将更大。
本发明的旋流器如图2a和2b所示,同样由具有垂直轴的筒腔1,带有出料口3的锥形底部2,中央排气管4,悬浮物入口5和进料导管6所组成,但中央排气管4不插入筒腔。入口5构成热空气导管6的端部形状,此处,入口5是矩形类型的,但改进为类似梯形的形状,在横截面上仍可看到,其上部最靠近旋流器轴线处,管6上壁的斜挡板9成为入口本身的一个三角形的阻挡面7,斜挡板在其接合筒腔边壁12处构成边壁12的径向向外倾斜的延伸部分,其底边8的标号为8,底边8可如图所示与水平线成约45°角。
为了避免在筒腔内部形成一个不期望的类似的搁板式结构,参看图1a,入口5的下部10做成内表面为倒截圆锥的形状,同如图所示此锥体最好与水平线成50°角。
此旋流器还有一个特点即它可使旋流器的总体积得到期望的减小,因为其筒腔可分为两部分,而作为筒腔主要部分的直径要小于筒腔上部12的直径,入口5连通于上部12。
入口5及进气导管6的阻挡面7从进气导管6中斜挡板9的上游开端处至入口5的最大处逐渐增大,其后向着斜挡板的下游端逐渐减小,如图2b的阴影部分所示。斜挡板9的长度大约为底边8长度的两倍。斜切面及其边缘对进入旋流器的悬浮物气流平滑作用使其产生偏转力,在该力的作用下,悬浮物气流向外对着筒腔的内壁和向下运动,部分如图2b中虚线11所示,于是,悬浮物气流在旋流器中得到所期望的较长停留时间,同时使旋流器的整个内部空间得到了充分的利用,从而减少了压力损失和提高了分离效率。
Claims (3)
1.一种用于分离气流中粉末状悬浮物的旋流器,包括一个具有纵轴的筒腔,一个位于筒腔底部用作收集沉积材料的向下收敛的锥口,一个位于筒腔顶部的中央排气口和一个用于将气流导入筒腔侧壁上部的切向进气导管,其特征是:在进气口的上部设有一个截面为三角形的斜挡板,所述斜挡板在所述筒腔的径向上向上向外倾斜,所述斜挡板的阻挡面积不超过进气口本身横截面积的20%。
2.按照权利要求1的旋流器,其特征在于:在进气导管连通筒腔处,进气导管的底部向下且在筒腔的径向上向内倾斜。
3.按照上述任一项权利要求的旋流器,其特征在于:进气导管的斜挡板在气流流动方向上的长度达到斜挡板在入口处斜边长度的两倍。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB08707143A GB2202468A (en) | 1987-03-25 | 1987-03-25 | Cyclone |
GB8707143 | 1987-03-25 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN88101590A CN88101590A (zh) | 1988-10-26 |
CN1038986C true CN1038986C (zh) | 1998-07-08 |
Family
ID=10614624
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN88101590A Expired - Fee Related CN1038986C (zh) | 1987-03-25 | 1988-03-24 | 旋流器 |
Country Status (14)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4848993A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0284184B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2690319B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1038986C (zh) |
AU (1) | AU593977B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR8801363A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA1289913C (zh) |
DE (1) | DE3863210D1 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2022985B3 (zh) |
GB (1) | GB2202468A (zh) |
IN (2) | IN170663B (zh) |
MX (1) | MX169552B (zh) |
SU (1) | SU1671150A3 (zh) |
TR (1) | TR24016A (zh) |
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GB2210556B (en) * | 1987-10-02 | 1991-07-17 | Ueno Seiyaku Oyo Kenkyujo Kk | The use of 15-keto-16-halo-prostaglandins in cathartic compositions |
US5801195A (en) | 1994-12-30 | 1998-09-01 | Celgene Corporation | Immunotherapeutic aryl amides |
US5738712A (en) * | 1995-03-13 | 1998-04-14 | Foster Wheeler Energia Oy | Centrifugal separator assembly and method for separating particles from hot gas |
CN1066929C (zh) * | 1996-03-14 | 2001-06-13 | 赵吉发 | 一种保健饮料及其制造方法 |
FR2788453B1 (fr) | 1999-01-18 | 2001-02-23 | Alstom | Gaine d'entree de fumees dans un separateur cyclone |
GB0221512D0 (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2002-10-23 | North John H | Improved separation apparatus |
US6926749B1 (en) | 2003-06-27 | 2005-08-09 | Fisher-Klosterman | Cyclone separator with compact inlet |
JP4848136B2 (ja) * | 2005-04-28 | 2011-12-28 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | オイルセパレータ |
JP5260034B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-30 | 2013-08-14 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | 粉体分離装置及び固体燃料用バーナ |
DE102008038776B4 (de) | 2008-08-12 | 2016-07-07 | Loesche Gmbh | Verfahren zur Sichtung eines Mahlgut-Fluid-Gemisches und Mühlensichter |
FR2941389B1 (fr) | 2009-01-29 | 2011-10-14 | Fives Fcb | Dispositif de separation granulometrique selective de matieres pulverulentes solides, a action centrifuge, et procede d'utilisation d'un tel dispositif |
DE102009042013B4 (de) * | 2009-09-21 | 2015-05-07 | Outotec Oyj | Zyklon für die Abscheidung klebriger Partikel aus Gasströmen |
US9616401B2 (en) * | 2012-03-14 | 2017-04-11 | Mitsubishi Materials Corporation | Cement production apparatus |
US9642508B1 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2017-05-09 | Billy Goat Indutries, Inc. | Debris-collecting apparatus and method of collecting debris |
JP6416517B2 (ja) * | 2014-07-02 | 2018-10-31 | 日立アプライアンス株式会社 | 電気掃除機 |
CN104525392B (zh) * | 2014-12-10 | 2017-02-08 | 华北电力大学 | 带渐扩型入口、导流板和防尘网的旋风分离器和实验系统 |
DE202016102924U1 (de) * | 2016-06-01 | 2017-09-04 | Outotec (Finland) Oy | Zyklon zur Separation von Partikeln aus einem Fluid |
CN109107787A (zh) * | 2017-06-22 | 2019-01-01 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | U型双斗旋风除尘器 |
US10905998B2 (en) | 2017-07-20 | 2021-02-02 | Brett Evan Patrick | Process and apparatus to remove carbon-14 from carbon-dioxide in atmospheric gases and agricultural products grown in controlled environments |
JP6597744B2 (ja) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-10-30 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 油分離器 |
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US11547257B2 (en) | 2020-02-04 | 2023-01-10 | Dustless Depot, Llc | Vacuum bag with inlet gasket and closure seal |
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1987
- 1987-03-25 GB GB08707143A patent/GB2202468A/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1987-11-12 US US07/119,552 patent/US4848993A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-12-14 CA CA000554237A patent/CA1289913C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1988
- 1988-02-08 EP EP88301038A patent/EP0284184B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-02-08 DE DE8888301038T patent/DE3863210D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-02-08 ES ES88301038T patent/ES2022985B3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-02-10 AU AU11600/88A patent/AU593977B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1988-02-10 IN IN83/MAS/88A patent/IN170663B/en unknown
- 1988-02-10 IN IN83/MAS/88A patent/IN170430B/en unknown
- 1988-03-04 TR TR88/0166A patent/TR24016A/xx unknown
- 1988-03-23 MX MX010860A patent/MX169552B/es unknown
- 1988-03-24 JP JP63070858A patent/JP2690319B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-03-24 BR BR8801363A patent/BR8801363A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-24 CN CN88101590A patent/CN1038986C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-03-24 SU SU884355396A patent/SU1671150A3/ru active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3199269A (en) * | 1958-08-22 | 1965-08-10 | Siemens Ag | Particle-from-gas separators |
US3745752A (en) * | 1970-12-30 | 1973-07-17 | Envirotech Corp | Fluid inlet structure for cyclone collectors |
US4134752A (en) * | 1972-05-15 | 1979-01-16 | Shell Oil Company | Plant growth regulators |
US4344538A (en) * | 1980-06-11 | 1982-08-17 | Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho | Cyclone separator with influent guide blade |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TR24016A (tr) | 1991-02-01 |
GB8707143D0 (en) | 1987-04-29 |
DE3863210D1 (de) | 1991-07-18 |
MX169552B (es) | 1993-07-12 |
EP0284184A1 (en) | 1988-09-28 |
AU593977B2 (en) | 1990-02-22 |
EP0284184B1 (en) | 1991-06-12 |
JP2690319B2 (ja) | 1997-12-10 |
CN88101590A (zh) | 1988-10-26 |
US4848993A (en) | 1989-07-18 |
SU1671150A3 (ru) | 1991-08-15 |
IN170663B (zh) | 1992-05-02 |
GB2202468A (en) | 1988-09-28 |
JPH01242161A (ja) | 1989-09-27 |
IN170430B (zh) | 1992-03-21 |
ES2022985B3 (es) | 1991-12-16 |
CA1289913C (en) | 1991-10-01 |
AU1160088A (en) | 1988-09-29 |
BR8801363A (pt) | 1988-11-01 |
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