CN103894888A

CN103894888A - Grinding method

Info

Publication number: CN103894888A
Application number: CN201310459662.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 市原浩一; 石田浩修
Original assignee: Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd
Current assignee: Sumitomo Heavy Industries Ltd
Priority date: 2012-12-25
Filing date: 2013-09-30
Publication date: 2014-07-02
Anticipated expiration: 2033-09-30
Also published as: US9481071B2; DE102013020955A1; JP5877783B2; TWI558498B; KR101536411B1; KR20140082916A; JP2014124691A; US20140179202A1; TW201424929A; CN103894888B

Abstract

The invention provides a grinding method. A work surface is ground by moving a grinding wheel, on an outer periphery of which a helical dressed groove having no intersection is formed, in a first direction being tilted with respect to a forward direction. Then, the work surface is ground by moving the grinding wheel in a second direction which is tilted with respect to a backward direction. When the grinding wheel is virtually moved for grinding in the forward direction, an extending direction of a virtual grinding trace formed by the dressed groove transcribed and the first direction are tilted in mutually opposite directions with respect to the forward direction. An absolute value of a tilt angle of the first direction is smaller than that of the extending direction of the virtual grinding trace. Rotation directions from the forward direction to the first direction and from the backward direction to the second direction are opposite.

Description

Method for grinding

Technical field

The application advocates the priority of No. 2012-280838th, Japanese patent application based on December 25th, 2012 application.The full content of this application is by reference to being applied in this description.

The present invention relates to a kind of method for grinding that makes the emery wheel that is trimmed processing simultaneously carry out rotatably grinding.

Background technology

For forming cutting edge, the outer peripheral face at emery wheel carries out the finishing (dressing) of emery wheel.In making emery wheel rotation by adamantine finishing machine incision to the state of the degree of depth of the tens of μ m of outer peripheral face (acting surface) apart from emery wheel, repair by transmitting finishing machine with constant speed to the direction of rotating shaft.By this finishing, form the groove of helical form (helical shape) at the outer peripheral face of emery wheel.

When rotation by the emery wheel that makes to be trimmed, make to be ground part moves back and forth and carries out grinding in the peripheral speed direction of emery wheel.Carry out grinding under the state of surperficial number μ m～ten number μ m that outer peripheral face incision to the distance of emery wheel is ground to part time, the spiral helicine groove that is formed at the outer peripheral face of emery wheel is transferred to the surface that is ground part, thereby forms the grinding trace of linearity.The spine that grinding trace comprises alternative arrangement and paddy portion.

The grinding trace that when being ground part and advancing, (when the grinding of outlet) forms and (when the grinding of loop) forms while retreating grinding trace are with respect to the moving direction that is ground part inclined in opposite directions intersecting each other.The spine forming while advancing is cut off in the crossover sites of the paddy portion forming when retreating.And the spine forming while retreating is also cut off in the crossover sites of the paddy portion forming when advancing.The region that spine is truncated and the region of Ridge hangover periodically occur in grinding direction.Grind surperficial after grinding on the flat board of coating lead orthoplumbate time, the region that remains higher spine is colored, and the region that spine is truncated is not colored, and therefore can observe deep or light decorative pattern.This deep or light decorative pattern periodically occurs, is referred to as chatter mark in grinding direction.

In patent documentation 1, disclose the method for grinding of the generation that can prevent chatter mark.In this method for grinding, use the emery wheel that is trimmed processing along a direction.In the time being ground part and advancing and while retreating, reverse by the direction of rotation of emery wheel is made as, can suppress the generation of chatter mark.

Patent documentation 1: TOHKEMY 2010-69564 communique

Summary of the invention

If do not make the direction of rotation reversion of emery wheel just can carry out grinding, can boost productivity.The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for grinding that does not make the direction of rotation reversion of emery wheel just can suppress the generation of chatter mark.

According to a viewpoint of the present invention, following method for grinding is provided, it has:

Operation (a), by making the emery wheel that forms the spiral helicine trim slots without cross section at outer peripheral face taking the axle center of this emery wheel as pivot is rotated, simultaneously under the state that described outer peripheral face is contacted with the surface to be machined that is ground part, make described emery wheel with respect to the described part that is ground to the 1st grinding direction surface to be machined described in grinding that relatively moves, wherein said the 1st grinding direction tilts with respect to the outlet reference direction perpendicular to described axle center; And

Operation (b), in described operation (a) afterwards, by described emery wheel is relatively moved to the 2nd grinding direction with respect to the described part that is ground, thus described surface to be machined is carried out to grinding, wherein said the 2nd grinding direction is that loop reference direction tilts with respect to the direction contrary with described outlet reference direction

While supposing to make described emery wheel move and carry out grinding to described outlet reference direction, the direction that the imaginary grinding trace being ground described in described trim slots is transferred on part and form extends and described the 1st grinding direction are taking described outlet reference direction as benchmark inclined in opposite directions each other, the absolute value at the inclination angle of described the 1st grinding direction is less than the absolute value at the inclination angle of the direction that described imaginary grinding trace extends

The direction of rotation tilting to described the 1st grinding direction from described outlet reference direction is opposite each other with the direction of rotation tilting to described the 2nd grinding direction from described loop reference direction.

The grinding trace that can make transfer printing trim slots and form with outlet reference direction close to parallel.Thus, can suppress the generation of chatter mark.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the summary stereogram of the grinding attachment that uses in the method for grinding based on embodiment.

Fig. 2 is the top view of grinding attachment.

Fig. 3 A is the expanded view of the outer peripheral face of emery wheel, and Fig. 3 B is by the cutaway view in the axle center of emery wheel.

Fig. 4 A is the method for grinding of example based on the comparison, the schematic diagram of the grinding trace forming by outlet grinding, Fig. 4 B is the schematic diagram of the grinding trace that forms by loop grinding, and Fig. 4 C is by overlapping the grinding trace forming by outlet and the loop grinding schematic diagram representing.

Fig. 5 A is method for grinding based on embodiment, the top view that is ground part in the moment that outlet grinding finishes, and Fig. 5 B is the top view that is ground part in moment of finishing of loop grinding, Fig. 5 C is the top view that is ground part in moment of finishing of next outlet grinding.

Fig. 6 A is method for grinding based on embodiment, the surperficial schematic diagram that is ground part in the moment that outlet grinding finishes, and Fig. 6 B is the surperficial schematic diagram that is ground part in moment of finishing of loop grinding.

Fig. 7 A represents the translational speed of emery wheel and the figure of rotating speed, and Fig. 7 B is the figure that represents the relation of reference direction (y direction), grinding trace and the 1st grinding direction.

In figure: 10-workbench, 11-movable workbench mechanism, 15-is ground part, 16,17,18,19-grinding trace, 20-emery wheel, 21-trim slots, 25-rotating mechanism, 26-emery wheel feed mechanism, 30-the 1st grinding direction, the belt-like zone that 31-is ground, 32-the 2nd grinding direction, the belt-like zone that 33-is ground, 34-the 3rd grinding direction, the belt-like zone that 35-is ground.

Detailed description of the invention

The summary stereogram of the grinding attachment using in the method for grinding based on embodiment shown in Fig. 1.On workbench 10, keep being ground part 15.Above workbench 10, be supported with emery wheel 20.Emery wheel 20 rotates taking its axle center as pivot.Implement finishing processing by the outer peripheral face at emery wheel 20 (acting surface) and form spiral helicine trim slots 21.Definition is made as the direction in axle center that is parallel to emery wheel 20 x direction, the normal direction of the upper surface of workbench 10 is made as to the xyz rectangular coordinate system of z direction.The peripheral speed direction of the outer peripheral face of emery wheel 20 is defined as to c direction.

The top view of grinding attachment shown in Fig. 2.On workbench 10, keep being ground part 15.Movable workbench mechanism 11 moves back and forth workbench 10 in y direction.Rotating mechanism 25 makes emery wheel 20 taking the axle center that is parallel to x direction as pivot is rotated.Emery wheel feed mechanism 26 moves the translation in x direction of emery wheel 20 and rotating mechanism 25.

The expanded view of the outer peripheral face of emery wheel 20 shown in Fig. 3 A, the cutaway view in the axle center by emery wheel 20 shown in Fig. 3 B.In Fig. 3 A, longitudinally corresponding with the peripheral speed direction c of outer peripheral face.Form spiral helicine trim slots 21 by the outer peripheral face of trimming wheel 20.Transmit finishing machine with constant speed to the direction that is parallel to axle center by making emery wheel 20 with the rotation of constant rotating speed when, form thus the trim slots 21 with constant pitch Pd.The direction of feed of finishing machine is made as unidirectional and carries out the finishing of emery wheel 20.Therefore, trim slots 21 can not be intersected, and in expanded view, tilts with respect to c direction, and is the lines of uniformly-spaced arranging.Accomplishing the shape of the spiral-shaped thread groove that can be a screw thread of groove 21, can be also the shape of the thread groove of many screw threads.

Before embodiment is described, the method for grinding of the comparative example based on using the emery wheel 20 shown in Fig. 3 A and Fig. 3 B is described.In comparative example, make workbench 10(Fig. 2 by emery wheel 20 is rotated when) in y direction, move back and forth and carry out grinding.

The schematic diagram of the grinding trace producing by outlet grinding shown in Fig. 4 A.In the grinding of outlet, make to be ground part 15 and in the time that the negative direction of y axle moves, carry out grinding.Now, emery wheel 20 relatively moves with respect to being ground the positive direction (hereinafter referred to as " outlet reference direction ") of part 15 to y axle.As an example, the peripheral speed of emery wheel 20 is 30m/ second, and the translational speed that is ground part 15 is 30m/ minute.The trim slots 21 of the outer peripheral face by the surface transfer emery wheel 20 to being ground part 15 forms grinding trace 16.Grinding trace 16 is made up of multiple straight-line patterns parallel to each other, and each straight-line pattern tilts to counter clockwise direction with respect to outlet reference direction.In this description, be " just " by the direction from becoming benchmark to the viewpoint definition counterclockwise tilting.Represent with θ d the angle that grinding trace 16 tilts from outlet reference direction.In example shown in Fig. 4 A, angle θ d is for just.The lead angle of the trim slots that this angle θ d occurs by the outer peripheral face at emery wheel (acting surface) is transferred to surface to be machined and produces.Below, this angle θ d is called to " dressing lead transfer printing angle ".In Fig. 4 A, represent the spine of grinding trace 16 with solid line.

The schematic diagram of the grinding trace producing by loop grinding shown in Fig. 4 B.In outlet and loop, the direction of rotation of emery wheel 20 is identical.In the grinding of loop, emery wheel 20 relatively moves with respect to being ground the negative direction (hereinafter referred to as " loop reference direction ") of part 15 to y axle.In the time of the grinding of loop, trim slots 21(Fig. 3 A of the outer peripheral face of emery wheel 20) be also transferred to the surface that is ground part 15, thus form grinding trace 17.Grinding trace 17 is also same with grinding trace 16 to be made up of multiple straight-line patterns parallel to each other.

The direction of rotation of the direction of rotation of emery wheel 20 during with outlet grinding is identical, and the moving direction of emery wheel 20 is the contrary direction of moving direction during with outlet grinding, and therefore grinding trace 17 is from loop reference direction to tilting clockwise.The absolute value at this angle of inclination equates with the absolute value of the dressing lead transfer printing angle θ d shown in Fig. 4 A, and symbol is contrary with angle θ d.Therefore the grinding trace 17 that the grinding trace 16, forming when the grinding of outlet forms during with loop grinding is intersected with each other.In Fig. 4 B, represent the spine of grinding trace 17 with solid line.

Shown in Fig. 4 C, the overlapping schematic diagram of grinding trace of outlet and loop grinding generation will be passed through.A part for the spine of the grinding trace 16 forming in the time that emery wheel 20 advances is pruned in the time that emery wheel 20 retreats, and the spine of grinding trace 16 is truncated thus.And the slot part of the grinding trace 16 that the spine of the grinding trace 17 forming when the grinding of loop forms during by outlet grinding blocks.Region and region that spine the is truncated cycle property in y direction that remains the spine of grinding

trace

16,17 alternately occurs.This cycle decorative pattern is sighted chatter mark.

Then, with reference to figure 5A～Fig. 7 B, the method for grinding based on embodiment is described.

As shown in Figure 5A, make emery wheel 20 by emery wheel 20 is rotated when and 15 relatively move (advancing) to the 1st grinding direction 30 with respect to being ground part, carry out thus outlet grinding.The 1st grinding direction 30 is from outlet reference direction (positive direction of y axle) to tilting clockwise.Therefore the belt-like zone 31 tilting with respect to y direction when, emery wheel 20 advances is ground.

The 1st grinding direction 30 tilts to the direction of the opposite direction tilting with the grinding trace 16 shown in Fig. 4 A with respect to outlet reference direction., in the time of the reference direction grinding of outlet, the imaginary grinding trace 16(Fig. 4 A forming being ground transfer printing trim slots 21 on part 15) direction of extending and the 1st grinding direction 30 tilt each other in the opposite direction from outlet reference direction.Below, the tiltangleθ t from outlet reference direction of the 1st grinding direction 30 is called to " the emery wheel feeding angle of the 1st grinding direction 30 ".In embodiment, the dressing lead transfer printing angle θ d(Fig. 4 A shown in Fig. 4 A) absolute value equate with the absolute value of the emery wheel feeding angle θ t of the 1st grinding direction 30, both symbols are contrary.

For emery wheel 20 is moved to the 1st grinding direction 30, make workbench 10(Fig. 2) mobile to the rightabout (negative direction of y axle) of outlet reference direction, and make emery wheel 20(Fig. 2) move to x direction.Can be by adjusting the emery wheel feeding angle θ t that recently adjusts the 1st grinding direction 30 of the translational speed of workbench 10 and the translational speed of emery wheel 20.

The schematic diagram of the grinding trace 18 forming when emery wheel 20 advances shown in Fig. 6 A.The absolute value of dressing lead transfer printing angle θ d shown in Fig. 4 A equates with the absolute value of the emery wheel feeding angle θ t of the 1st grinding direction 30, and both symbols are contrary, and the grinding trace 18 forming when therefore emery wheel 20 advances is parallel with y direction.

As shown in Figure 5 B, after outlet grinding finishes, make emery wheel 20 by emery wheel 20 is rotated when and 15 relatively move (retreating) to the 2nd grinding direction 32 with respect to being ground part, carry out thus loop grinding.The direction of rotation of the direction of rotation of emery wheel 20 during with outlet grinding is identical.The 2nd grinding direction 32 is that loop reference direction (negative direction of y axle) is to counterclockwise tilting from the rightabout of outlet reference direction.The inclination angle of the self-loop reference direction of the 2nd grinding direction 32 is called to " the emery wheel feeding angle of the 2nd grinding direction 32 ".The symbol at the emery wheel feeding angle of the 2nd grinding direction 32 is contrary with the symbol of the emery wheel feeding angle θ t of the 1st grinding direction 30.In other words,, in outlet and loop, emery wheel 20 is identical with respect to the moving direction of relevant x direction that is ground part 15.When emery wheel 20 retreats, the belt-like zone 33 tilting with respect to y direction is ground.

The region 33 that the region 31 that emery wheel 20 is ground while advancing and emery wheel 20 are ground while retreating is local overlapping.As an example, in the end of the positive side of y axle, belt-like zone 31 is consistent in x direction with belt-like zone 33.In the end of y axle minus side, the belt-like zone 31 that the belt-like zone 33 being ground while retreating is ground when advancing is offset in x direction.The sandstone feeding angle θ t of the 1st grinding direction 30 is for example 1mrad(1 milliradian) left and right, very little, therefore belt-like zone 31 and belt-like zone 33 are overlapping in the part, end of y axle minus side.

Emery wheel feeding angle θ t(Fig. 5 A of the absolute value at the emery wheel feeding angle of the 2nd grinding direction 32 and the 1st grinding direction 30) absolute value equate.

The schematic diagram of the grinding trace 19 forming when emery wheel 20 retreats shown in Fig. 6 B and the grinding trace 18 that forms while advancing.Emery wheel feeding angle θ t(Fig. 5 A of the absolute value of the emery wheel feeding angle θ t of the 2nd grinding direction 32 and the 1st grinding direction 30) absolute value equate, symbol is contrary, the grinding trace 19 forming when therefore emery wheel 20 retreats is also parallel with y direction.Therefore the grinding trace 19 forming when the grinding trace 18 forming when, emery wheel 20 advances and emery wheel 20 retreat can not intersect.Therefore, can prevent the generation of chatter mark.

As shown in Figure 5 C, if loop grinding finishes, make

emery wheel

20 and 15 move to x direction with respect to being ground part.Afterwards, 15 relatively move to the 3rd grinding direction 34 with respect to being ground part by making emery wheel 20, carry out thus the grinding of next outlet.By this grinding, belt-like zone 35 is ground.The 3rd grinding direction 34 is parallel with the 1st grinding direction 30.The distance that the emery wheel 20 carrying out between loop grinding and next outlet grinding moves to x direction is set as not forming gap between belt-like zone 35 and belt-like zone 31.For example, belt-like zone 35 is local overlapping with belt-like zone 31.After carrying out the outlet grinding shown in Fig. 5 C, carry out loop grinding.

So, by alternately carrying out outlet grinding and loop grinding, can carry out grinding to the whole region that is ground region to be ground in the surface of part 15.

With reference to figure 7A and Fig. 7 B, to dressing lead transfer printing angle θ d(Fig. 4 A) and emery wheel feeding angle θ t(Fig. 6 A of the 1st grinding direction 30) size describe.

As shown in Figure 7 A, y composition and the x composition of the speed of the emery wheel 20 of (Fig. 5 A) while representing outlet grinding with Vy and Vx respectively.Represent the rotating speed of emery wheel 20 with Ng.

The relation of outlet reference direction shown in Fig. 7 B (positive direction of y axle), grinding trace 16 and the 1st grinding direction 30.The absolute value representation of the emery wheel feeding angle θ t of the 1st grinding direction 30 is | θ t|=tan-1(|Vx/Vy|).

Rotate during 1 time at emery wheel 20, progressive distance L y is expressed as Ly=Vy/Ng to y side to be ground part 15.During emery wheel 20 displacement Ly, spiral helicine trim slots 21(Fig. 1 of 1 week of emery wheel 20 amount) be transferred to the surface that is ground part as grinding trace 16.Pitch Pd(Fig. 3 B of the pitch of the x direction of grinding trace 16 and trim slots 21) equate.Therefore, the absolute value representation of dressing lead transfer printing angle θ d is | θ d|=tan ^-1(| Pd/Ly|).

Absolute value at the emery wheel feeding angle of the 1st grinding direction 30 θ t equates with the absolute value of dressing lead transfer printing angle θ d, and carries out grinding under the contrary such condition of symbol, can prevent thus the generation of chatter mark.

The absolute value of the emery wheel feeding angle θ t of the 1st grinding direction 30 may not equate with the absolute value of dressing lead transfer printing angle θ d.If emery wheel feeding angle θ t is contrary with the symbol of dressing lead transfer printing angle θ d, the absolute value of emery wheel feeding angle θ t is less than the absolute value of dressing lead transfer printing angle θ d, grinding trace 18(Fig. 6 A) become and be less than dressing lead transfer printing angle θ d with respect to the angle of inclination of outlet reference direction.Equally, grinding trace 19(Fig. 6 B) become the absolute value of the dressing lead transfer printing angle θ d being less than shown in Fig. 4 B with respect to the absolute value at the angle of inclination of loop reference direction.Therefore, the pitch of the y direction in the region that grinding trace 18 and grinding trace 19 intersect is elongated, alleviates the harmful effect that chatter mark brings outward appearance.

In grinding, the surface to be machined of pruning is finish-machined to target size until be ground part.The processing that grinding is carried out to identical penetraction depth in the whole region in region to be ground in surface to be machined is called " unit grinding processing ".In the time carrying out repeatedly unit grinding processing, the grinding trace forming in the grinding of a certain unit is processed disappears in the grinding of upper once unit is processed.Therefore,, carrying out final at least 1 time, preferably in the time of unit grinding processing (fine ginding processing) repeatedly, be suitable for the method for grinding based on above-described embodiment.In other unit grinding is processed, make in the same manner emery wheel 20 move to the direction parallel with y direction with previous methods.

Describe the present invention according to embodiment above, but the present invention is not limited to these.Those skilled in the art obviously for example can carry out various changes, improvement, combination etc.

Claims

1. a method for grinding, wherein, has:

Operation (a), by making the emery wheel that forms the spiral helicine trim slots without cross section at outer peripheral face taking the axle center of this emery wheel as pivot is rotated, simultaneously under the state that described outer peripheral face is contacted with the surface to be machined that is ground part, make described emery wheel relatively move described surface to be machined is carried out to grinding to the 1st grinding direction with respect to the described part that is ground, wherein said the 1st grinding direction tilts with respect to the outlet reference direction perpendicular to described axle center; And

2. method for grinding according to claim 1, wherein,

Described the 1st grinding direction and described the 2nd grinding direction are set to the trim slots of emery wheel described in transfer printing and the grinding trace that forms is parallel with described outlet reference direction.

3. method for grinding according to claim 1 and 2, wherein,

In described operation (a), move to the direction contrary with described outlet reference direction by being ground part described in making, and make described emery wheel to moving with respect to the described outlet orthogonal direction of reference direction, make thus described emery wheel relatively move to described the 1st grinding direction with respect to the described part that is ground

In described operation (b), move to the direction contrary with described loop reference direction by being ground part described in making, and described emery wheel is moved to the direction identical with the moving direction of the described emery wheel in described operation (a), make thus described emery wheel relatively move to described the 2nd grinding direction with respect to the described part that is ground.

4. according to the method for grinding described in any one in claims 1 to 3, wherein,

In described operation (a) before, also have:

Operation (c), by making described emery wheel taking the axle center of this emery wheel as pivot is rotated, simultaneously make described outer peripheral face with described in be ground under the state that the surface to be machined of part contacts, described emery wheel is relatively moved to described outlet reference direction or described loop reference direction with respect to the described part that is ground, thus grinding is carried out in the whole region of answering grinding area in described surface to be machined

Described operation (c) afterwards, by alternately repeating described operation (a) and operation (b), is carried out grinding to the whole region in the region of answering grinding in described surface to be machined thus.