CN103891602B - Cross pollination method for dendrobium officinale - Google Patents
Cross pollination method for dendrobium officinale Download PDFInfo
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- CN103891602B CN103891602B CN201410126179.5A CN201410126179A CN103891602B CN 103891602 B CN103891602 B CN 103891602B CN 201410126179 A CN201410126179 A CN 201410126179A CN 103891602 B CN103891602 B CN 103891602B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a simple and efficient cross pollination method for dendrobium officinale. The method comprises the following steps: (1) collecting pollen; (2) preparing dendrobium officinale flower juice; (3) preparing a pollen suspension; (4) pollinating; and (5) performing management at the later stage of fruit setting. A dendrobium officinale pollen load suspension is obtained by performing ultrasonic homogenization on pollen grains and the dendrobium officinale flower juice, and dendrobium officinale flowers are pollinated by the dendrobium officinale pollen load suspension by using a rubber-head burette, so that damages to stigmas of female parents are avoided, the fruit setting rate is high (over 98.2 percent), inane fruits are prevented, mature dendrobium officinale capsules can be obtained by sitting for 120 days, and fruits are uniform and plump. The method has the characteristics of easiness, convenience, high efficiency and high operability, the pollinating efficiency is 5-10 times that of a conventional pollinating method, the pollinating efficiency of dendrobium officinale is increased greatly, the application value is extremely high, and a novel high-speed and effective way is provided for hand pollination of dendrobium officinale.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hybridizing propagation process of rare medicinal plant, specifically a kind of hybridization pollination method of dendrobium candidum.
Background technology
Dendrobium candidum (Dendrobium officinale) is the orchid family Dendrobium herbaceos perennial, is the famous and precious rare traditional Chinese medicine of China's tradition, have nourishing the stomach to improve the production of body fluid, nourishing Yin and clearing heat, improve the effect such as body immunity.At present, dendrobium candidum has been listed in special-protection-by-the-State medicinal plant, the world two class protective plant.
Produce dendrobium flowers makes the fruiting rate of dendrobium candidum under natural conditions extremely low because of its special physiological structure, dendrobium candidum general May is full-bloom stage, florescence 10 ~ 15d, its fruit is capsule, easily split time ripe, seed ballooning is scattered, and the kind intracutaneous of these tiny seeds is only containing immature embryo, not containing endosperm, natural propagation is very difficult.Along with the development of modern plants tissue culture technology, the quite maturation become is bred in the sprouting that people carry out stem of noble dendrobium embryo by tissue culture technology.The acquisition of stem of noble dendrobium embryo has become one of factor of dendrobium candidum industrialized development, the acquisition of current stem of noble dendrobium embryo obtains mainly through Traditional Man pollination, Traditional Man pollinating method have operating technology require high, place property require harsh, labour intensity is large, production efficiency is low, fruit-setting rate is low and the shortcoming such as empty really rate height.Disclosed in 23 days September in 2009, application number is the Chinese invention patent application " hybridization pollination method of dendrobium officinale " of 200910010107.3, provide a kind of stem of noble dendrobium hybridization technique, but it needs artificial tweezers to be delivered to by the pollen grain of male parent in maternal column cap nest in pollinating process, easily physical damnification is caused to column cap during operation, and adopt this method fruit-setting rate is the highest and be no more than 80.6%.Therefore simple hybridization pollination method of dendrobium officinale efficiently need further research and development.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of hybridization pollination method of simple and direct efficient, workable dendrobium candidum, greatly can improve the efficiency of dendrobium candidum pollination.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: a kind of hybridization pollination method of dendrobium candidum, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) collection of pollen: the clip florescence, at the produce dendrobium flowers of 4 ~ 7d, collects pollen grain and produce dendrobium flowers respectively;
2) preparation of produce dendrobium flowers juice: produce produce dendrobium flowers juice after the cleaning of the produce dendrobium flowers of above-mentioned collection being dried;
3) preparation of pollen suspension: by step 1) pollen grain collected joins step 2) in the produce dendrobium flowers juice produced after, utilize ultrasonic homogeneous to obtain dendrobium candidum pollen grain group suspension;
4) pollinate: use glue head dropper to be pollinated by the dendrobium candidum pollen grain group produce dendrobium flowers of suspension to 4 ~ 7d in full bloom, every dendrobium candidum chapiter guarantees instillation 2 ~ 4 dendrobium candidum pollen grain groups;
5) to bear fruit final-period management.
As improvement, the detailed process of the collection of the pollen of described step 1) is: the clip florescence is at the produce dendrobium flowers of 4 ~ 7d, dispersed to clean ceramic whiteware dish, in 25 ~ 28 DEG C, after 180 ~ 230r/min processes 30 ~ 60min in shaking table, collect the pollen grain in ceramic whiteware dish and produce dendrobium flowers respectively.
As improvement, described step 2) the detailed process of preparation of produce dendrobium flowers juice be: the produce dendrobium flowers after cleaning being dried is put into Ice-making machine and is stirred 2 ~ 3min, then, after obtaining filtrate by 120 ~ 160 object screen clothes, the deionized water adding filtrate volume 0.5 ~ 1.5 times in filtrate obtains produce dendrobium flowers juice.
Improve, the final-period management of bearing fruit of described step 5) is: add up fruit-setting rate after the 10 ~ 15d that bears fruit again, and the 15 ~ 20d that bears fruit carries out fruit thinning to guarantee the normal nutrient needed for capsule growth, and final-period management manages by normal mode.120d can obtain ripe stem of noble dendrobium capsule.
Preferably, in described step 3), in ultrasonic homogeneous, ultrasonic frequency is 10 ~ 40KHz, and ultrasonic power is 100 ~ 400W, and sonication treatment time is 30 ~ 45 seconds, with 1L material for benchmark.
Finally, in described step 3), ultrasonic homogeneous adopts ultrasonic homogeneous instrument, supersonic oscillations instrument or ultrasonic washing instrument.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the present invention rolls into a ball suspension by obtaining dendrobium candidum pollen grain after pollen grain and the ultrasonic homogeneous of produce dendrobium flowers juice, glue head dropper is used to be pollinated to produce dendrobium flowers by dendrobium candidum pollen grain group suspension, avoid the damage of the column cap to female parent, and the empty fruit of fruit-setting rate high (more than 98.2%), nothing exists, the 120d that bears fruit can obtain ripe stem of noble dendrobium capsule, and fruit is evenly full.The present invention has simple and direct efficient, workable feature, and pollination efficiency is 5 ~ 10 times of traditional pollinating method, and substantially increase the efficiency of dendrobium candidum pollination, using value is high, and the artificial pollination for dendrobium candidum opens an effective new way of high speed.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment one: the clip florescence, at the produce dendrobium flowers of 4d, in dispersed extremely clean ceramic whiteware dish, is placed in 25 DEG C, after processing 30min, collects the pollen grain in ceramic whiteware dish and produce dendrobium flowers in the shaking table of 180r/min; After the produce dendrobium flowers collected cleaning being dried, put into Ice-making machine and stir 3min, after then obtaining filtrate by 160 object screen clothes, the deionized water adding filtrate volume 1.5 times in filtrate makes produce dendrobium flowers juice; Then the pollen grain of acquisition is joined in produce dendrobium flowers juice, be placed in ultrasonic washing instrument ultrasonic process 30s, ultrasonic frequency 20KHz, ultrasonic power 200W, with 1L material for benchmark, utilize ultrasonic homogeneous to obtain dendrobium candidum pollen grain group suspension; Use glue head dropper to utilize dendrobium candidum pollen grain to roll into a ball the produce dendrobium flowers of suspension to 7d in full bloom afterwards to pollinate, every dendrobium candidum chapiter guarantees instillation 4 dendrobium candidum pollen grain groups, average 2000 flower left and right of can pollinating for each person every day are 5 ~ 7 times of traditional pollination efficiency; Bear fruit after 10d and add up fruit-setting rate, fruit-setting rate is carry out fruit thinning after 98.2%, 15d, and the later stage carries out managing according to normal maintenance method.Obtain ripe fruit pod after 120d, its empty fruit rate is 0%.
Embodiment two: the clip florescence, at the produce dendrobium flowers of 7d, in dispersed extremely clean ceramic whiteware dish, is placed in 27 DEG C, after processing 60min, collects the pollen grain in ceramic whiteware dish and produce dendrobium flowers in the shaking table of 230r/min; After the produce dendrobium flowers collected cleaning being dried, put into Ice-making machine and stir 3min, after then obtaining filtrate by 120 object screen clothes, the deionized water adding filtrate volume 0.5 times in filtrate makes produce dendrobium flowers juice; Then the pollen grain of acquisition is joined in produce dendrobium flowers juice, be placed in ultrasonic homogeneous instrument ultrasonic process 45s, ultrasonic frequency 30KHz, ultrasonic power 300W, with 1L material for benchmark, obtained dendrobium candidum pollen grain group suspension; Use glue head dropper to utilize dendrobium candidum pollen grain to roll into a ball the produce dendrobium flowers of suspension to 5d in full bloom afterwards to pollinate, every dendrobium candidum chapiter guarantees instillation 3 dendrobium candidum pollen grain groups, average 2000 flower left and right of can pollinating for each person every day are 5 ~ 7 times of traditional pollination efficiency; Bear fruit after 15d and add up fruit-setting rate, fruit-setting rate is carry out fruit thinning after 99.7%, 20d, and the later stage carries out managing according to normal maintenance method.Obtain ripe fruit pod after 120d, its empty fruit rate is 0%.
Embodiment three: get the produce dendrobium flowers of florescence at 5d, in dispersed extremely clean ceramic whiteware dish, is placed in 26 DEG C, after processing 45min, collects the pollen grain in ceramic whiteware dish and produce dendrobium flowers in the shaking table of 200r/min; After the produce dendrobium flowers collected cleaning being dried, put into Ice-making machine and stir 2.5min, after then obtaining filtrate by 140 object screen clothes, the deionized water adding filtrate volume 1 times in filtrate makes produce dendrobium flowers juice; Then the pollen grain of acquisition is joined in produce dendrobium flowers juice, be placed in ultrasonic washing instrument ultrasonic process 40s, ultrasonic frequency 40KHz, ultrasonic power 400W, with 1L material for benchmark, obtained dendrobium candidum pollen grain group suspension; Use glue head dropper to utilize dendrobium candidum pollen grain to roll into a ball suspension afterwards to pollinate, every dendrobium candidum chapiter guarantees instillation 2 dendrobium candidum pollen grain groups, and 3000 flower left and right of on average can pollinating for each person every day are 7 ~ 10 times of traditional pollination efficiency; Bear fruit after 12d and add up fruit-setting rate, fruit-setting rate is carry out fruit thinning after 99.5%, 18d, and the later stage carries out managing according to normal maintenance method.Obtain ripe fruit pod after 120d, its empty fruit rate is 0%.
Claims (5)
1. a hybridization pollination method for dendrobium candidum, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) collection of pollen: the clip florescence, at the produce dendrobium flowers of 4 ~ 7d, collects pollen grain and produce dendrobium flowers respectively;
2) preparation of produce dendrobium flowers juice: produce produce dendrobium flowers juice after the cleaning of the produce dendrobium flowers of above-mentioned collection being dried, the detailed process of the preparation of produce dendrobium flowers juice is: the produce dendrobium flowers after cleaning being dried is put into Ice-making machine and stirred 2 ~ 3min, then, after obtaining filtrate by 120 ~ 160 object screen clothes, the deionized water adding filtrate volume 0.5 ~ 1.5 times in filtrate obtains produce dendrobium flowers juice;
3) preparation of pollen suspension: by step 1) pollen grain collected joins step 2) in the produce dendrobium flowers juice produced after, utilize ultrasonic homogeneous to obtain dendrobium candidum pollen grain group suspension;
4) pollinate: use glue head dropper to be pollinated by the dendrobium candidum pollen grain group produce dendrobium flowers of suspension to 4 ~ 7d in full bloom, every dendrobium candidum chapiter guarantees instillation 2 ~ 4 dendrobium candidum pollen grain groups;
5) to bear fruit final-period management.
2. hybridization pollination method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 1) the detailed process of collection of pollen be: the clip florescence is at the produce dendrobium flowers of 4 ~ 7d, dispersed to clean ceramic whiteware dish, in 25 ~ 28 DEG C, after 180 ~ 230r/min processes 30 ~ 60min in shaking table, collect the pollen grain in ceramic whiteware dish and produce dendrobium flowers respectively.
3. hybridization pollination method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described step 5) final-period management of bearing fruit be: add up fruit-setting rate after the 10 ~ 15d that bears fruit, 15 ~ the 20d that bears fruit carries out fruit thinning to guarantee the normal nutrient needed for capsule growth, and final-period management manages by normal mode.
4. hybridization pollination method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 3) in ultrasonic homogeneous ultrasonic frequency be 10 ~ 40KHz, ultrasonic power is 100 ~ 400W, and sonication treatment time is 30 ~ 45 seconds, with 1L material for benchmark.
5. hybridization pollination method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described step 3) in ultrasonic homogeneous adopt ultrasonic homogeneous instrument, supersonic oscillations instrument or ultrasonic washing instrument.
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Citations (5)
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| JP2008072902A (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-04-03 | Akita Prefecture | Liquid pollination method and preparation using the same |
| CN102318549A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-01-18 | 南京农业大学 | Method with effects of saving cost and improving efficiency for liquid pollination of pear tree |
| CN102657078A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-12 | 苏州神元生物科技有限公司 | Method of artificial pollination for Dendrobium candidum |
| CN103109737A (en) * | 2013-03-10 | 2013-05-22 | 通化师范学院 | Pollen liquid for high yield of hazelnut fruit and cultivation and pollination of hybrid hazel variety, and preparation method thereof |
| CN103408355A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-27 | 南京师范大学 | Method and special treatment agent for increasing pollination seed setting rate of dendrobium officinale and dendrobium moniliforme |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2008072902A (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-04-03 | Akita Prefecture | Liquid pollination method and preparation using the same |
| CN102318549A (en) * | 2011-08-16 | 2012-01-18 | 南京农业大学 | Method with effects of saving cost and improving efficiency for liquid pollination of pear tree |
| CN102657078A (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2012-09-12 | 苏州神元生物科技有限公司 | Method of artificial pollination for Dendrobium candidum |
| CN103109737A (en) * | 2013-03-10 | 2013-05-22 | 通化师范学院 | Pollen liquid for high yield of hazelnut fruit and cultivation and pollination of hybrid hazel variety, and preparation method thereof |
| CN103408355A (en) * | 2013-07-16 | 2013-11-27 | 南京师范大学 | Method and special treatment agent for increasing pollination seed setting rate of dendrobium officinale and dendrobium moniliforme |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| Sharmistha Naik, et al..spray pollination : an efficient and labour saving method for kiwifruit(Actinidia deliciosa A. Chev.) production.《Journal of Applied Horticulture》.2013,第15卷(第3期),第202-206页. * |
| 金银兵.铁皮石斛的生物学特性与开花授粉技术研究.《安徽农业科学》.2009,第37卷(第11期),第5280-5282页. * |
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