Background technology
China's current city waterlogging disaster takes place frequently, and especially city up concave type viaduct district, serious ponding occurs in heavy showers and cause traffic jam even to be paralysed.Due to the importance in up concave type viaduct geographic position of living in, city with and the singularity of pumping equipment, must in planning and design aspect, consider the design proposal of formulation science, comprehensively solve city waterlogging problem.Research discovery city up concave type viaduct watershed is generally that the storm runoff of low watershed enters drainage pumping plant under low reoccurrence period Rainfall Condition, and under high reoccurrence period Rainfall Condition, be generally that low watershed adds that the storm runoff in the high district of part enters drainage pumping plant, so structure up concave type viaduct district, city waterlogging model has certain complicacy.Produce the reason of waterlogging disaster in order to analyse up concave type viaduct district, city scientifically, need by building up concave type viaduct district, city waterlogging model under different heavy rain sights, to analyze the waterlogging disaster risk in up concave type viaduct district, city and propose resolution policy.Building up concave type viaduct district, city waterlogging model under different heavy rain sights needs earth's surface elevation digital model (DEM) of the different charge for remittance scopes in He Gao water catchment area, low water catchment area in up concave type viaduct geographic position of living in, city as input message.Generally in modeling process, low water catchment area, bridge district 1:500 terrain map of survey and drawing can provide, but while relating to high water catchment area, 1:500 terrain map of survey and drawing needs buying, this method adopts the method for tentative calculation to determine high water catchment area charge for remittance scope, reduce the quantity of blind purchase high district 1:500 terrain map of survey and drawing, saved cost.City up concave type viaduct belongs to the area of city particular importance, tradition Qiao district charge for remittance basin delimitation method cannot meet the Capability Requirement of city up concave type viaduct reply burst heavy rain, because under different heavy rain sights, up concave type viaduct district, city charge for remittance basin perimeter is the process of a dynamic change, only have up concave type viaduct district, city charge for remittance basin perimeter under the different heavy rain sights of accurate grasp, could build better urban interchange improvement project planning and design hydraulic model.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, in order accurately to grasp up concave type viaduct district, city charge for remittance basin perimeter under different heavy rain sights, the present invention relates to a kind of basin charge for remittance scope method for making based on up concave type viaduct district, city DEM, be used for instructing charge for remittance basin, up concave type viaduct district, city to divide.
Yi Qiao of the present invention district around high accuracy DEM is analytic target, purport active computer is realized the delimitation to up concave type viaduct district, city charge for remittance basin perimeter under different heavy rain sights, and can assess present situation bridge district design proposal, the dynamic change of real-time simulation up concave type viaduct district charge for remittance basin perimeter, for up concave type viaduct district, city charge for remittance basin perimeter definite provides more truly, method intuitively.The method is take initial up concave type viaduct district, city charge for remittance basin high accuracy DEM as initial input; Utilize two-dimentional St.Venant equation to carry out two-dimentional overland flow model calculation to viaduct district; Determine grid cell water (flow) direction according to the single flow direction algorithm D8 method having redefined based on grid cell flow; Constantly expand computer capacity, utilize the outer envelope curve of tentative calculation to look for up concave type viaduct district, city charge for remittance basin perimeter under different heavy rain sights; The computer simulation process of the real-time dynamic change of up concave type viaduct district charge for remittance basin perimeter, image, true, directly perceived and accurate are realized under different heavy rain sights.Because up concave type viaduct waterlogging ponding disaster takes place frequently, the method can provide data foundation for building the transformation of up concave type viaduct and planning and design model, and therefore, this method has good application prospect.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A basin charge for remittance scope method for making based on up concave type viaduct district, city DEM, is characterized in that: described method concrete steps are as follows:
A basin charge for remittance scope method for making based on up concave type viaduct district, city DEM, is characterized in that: described method concrete steps are as follows:
(1) according to 1:500 terrain map of survey and drawing, make bridge district high accuracy DEM, high accuracy DEM is digital ground elevation model: grid precision is not less than 5m × 5m, bridge district designs low district grid precision and is not less than 1m × 1m; Concrete steps are as follows:
According to " Code for design of outdoor sewerage engineering " and up concave type viaduct periphery basis terrain map of survey and drawing, with reference to original design file, can determine the charge for remittance basin in low district of up concave type viaduct district.
On this basis the charge for remittance basin periphery around low district of up concave type viaduct district is expanded to 1 mapping unit, that is: by 1: 500(50cm × 50cm square map sheet) digital topography map extends in original charge for remittance basin, is made into initial Qiao district high accuracy DEM.
(2) according to initial Qiao district high accuracy DEM, calculate two-dimentional overland flow, flow to analysis, realize computer intelligence and delimit charge for remittance basin.Carry out according to the following steps:
(2.1) make according to step (1) the landform raster data getting, utilize design rainfall to carry out two-dimentional overland flow and calculate each grid flow value and the depth of water, describe urban rainwater surface runoff process with two-dimentional St.Venant equation:
In formula: h is the grid type heart place depth of water, m; U is x direction flow velocity, m/s; V is y direction flow velocity, m/s; c
ffor resistance coefficient.
(2.2) with improving single flow direction algorithm D8 method, corresponding flow value and the water depth value of each grid calculating based on step (2.1), carries out earth's surface two dimensional model and flows to analysis.
Improving single flow direction algorithm D8 method defines flow that wherein heart grid and the power drop between each adjacent cells are this step-length t to weigh drop (is that grid central point adds grid depth of water drop apart from drop, divided by the distance between grid central point), the flow direction of getting the outflow grid of grid centered by the grid of flow power drop maximum and be current is to weigh drop by the maximum flow of computing center's graticule mesh and neighborhood graticule mesh to determine.
(2.3) look for algorithm according to outer envelope curve and delimit bridge district charge for remittance basin perimeter, concrete steps are as follows:
(2.3.1) base area graphic data is manually irised out bridge district recessed area.
(2.3.2), according to the flow direction analysis in step (2.2), then choose all grid cells that flow to step (2.3.1) delineation grid under this step-length.
(2.3.3) look for algorithm according to outer envelope curve, look for the outer envelope curve of all selected grid central points in step (2.3.2).(outer envelope curve is and finds Basin Boundary without the grid of grid outermost)
(3) if find basin perimeter border through step (2), this basin perimeter border is the charge for remittance basin perimeter border under this rainfall.If do not find Basin Boundary through step (2), survey and draw unit to not finding Basin Boundary unit outwards to postpone one, the like circulation, until find corresponding Qiao district charge for remittance basin perimeter under corresponding design rainfall situation.
(4) under different heavy rain sights, circulation step (2), step (3) are simulated up concave type viaduct district, city, obtain respectively its corresponding charge for remittance basin perimeter.
(5) according to the design reoccurrence period requirement of bridge district, choose and design corresponding charge for remittance basin perimeter of reoccurrence period.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) the automatic division in charge for remittance basin, up concave type viaduct district, computer realization city, has avoided the uncertainty of artificial experience method and complicated manual operation;
(2) can be under different designs reoccurrence period rainfall situation, obtain its corresponding bridge district charge for remittance basin perimeter, be convenient to reference and analysis;
(3) both can be used for checking present situation bridge district charge for remittance basin perimeter, and also can divide foundation is provided for planning and design bridge district charge for remittance basin perimeter, be conducive to build up concave type viaduct section planning design hydraulic model.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention is based on the high water catchment area charge for remittance scope method for making of up concave type viaduct water catchment area, city DEM, concrete steps are as follows:
(1), according to 1:500 terrain map of survey and drawing, make bridge district high accuracy DEM.Concrete steps are as follows:
According to " Code for design of outdoor sewerage engineering " and up concave type viaduct periphery basis terrain map of survey and drawing, with reference to original design file, can determine the charge for remittance basin in low district of up concave type viaduct district.
On this basis the charge for remittance basin periphery around low district of up concave type viaduct district is expanded to 1 mapping unit, that is: by 1: 500(50cm × 50cm square map sheet) digital topography map extends in original charge for remittance basin, is made into initial Qiao district high accuracy DEM.
(2) according to initial Qiao district high accuracy DEM, calculate two-dimentional overland flow, flow to analysis, realize computer intelligence and delimit charge for remittance basin.Carry out according to the following steps:
(2.1) make according to step (1) the landform raster data getting, utilize design rainfall to carry out two-dimentional overland flow and calculate each grid flow value and the depth of water, describe urban rainwater surface runoff process with two-dimentional St.Venant equation.
(2.2) with improving single flow direction algorithm D8 method, corresponding flow value and the water depth value of each grid calculating based on step (2.1), carries out earth's surface two dimensional model and flows to analysis.
(2.3) look for algorithm according to outer envelope curve and delimit bridge district charge for remittance basin perimeter, concrete steps are as follows:
(2.3.1) base area graphic data is manually irised out bridge district recessed area.
(2.3.2), according to the flow direction analysis in step (2.2), then choose all grid cells that flow to step (2.3.1) delineation grid under this step-length.
(2.3.3) look for algorithm according to outer envelope curve, look for the outer envelope curve of all selected grid central points in step (2.3.2).(outer envelope curve is and finds Basin Boundary without the grid of grid outermost)
(3) if find basin perimeter border through step (2), this basin perimeter border is the charge for remittance basin perimeter border under this rainfall.If do not find Basin Boundary through step (2), survey and draw unit to not finding Basin Boundary unit outwards to postpone one, the like circulation, until find corresponding Qiao district charge for remittance basin perimeter under corresponding design rainfall situation.
(4) under different heavy rain sights, circulation step (2), step (3) are simulated up concave type viaduct district, city, obtain respectively its corresponding charge for remittance basin perimeter.
(5) according to the design reoccurrence period requirement of bridge district, choose optimal charge for remittance basin perimeter.