CN105426346B - City length based on water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value lasts design storm pattern preparation method - Google Patents
City length based on water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value lasts design storm pattern preparation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of city length based on water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value lasts heavy rain rainfall pattern preparation method, belongs to the crossing domains such as Municipal drainage system, municipal drainage prevention waterlogging system.This patent lasts the demand of heavy rain rainfall pattern from municipal drainage prevention waterlogging system length, by the urban meteorological characteristics of rainfall data (.dat files) of standard, using mathematical statistics method, count and sort out the actual typical rainfall under same frequency, then the rainfall pattern peak value provided according to local hydraulic department, peak positioning is moved so as to carry out the same frequency of typical rainfall, city length is finally made and lasts heavy rain rainfall pattern.Main operational steps are quickly realized by computer program.The same frequency that the present invention only needs to last rainfall progress water conservancy peak value by the typical case counted moves peak positioning, has greatly refined the rough property of traditional rainfall pattern preparation method, and the city length for making newly to push away lasts design storm pattern and more meets local really rainfall statistical law；It need to can only be completed by the ease of Use under the platforms such as computer Excel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of city length based on water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value to last heavy rain rainfall pattern preparation method, belongs to city city
Political affairs drainage system, municipal drainage prevention waterlogging system and flood control drainage system technology crossing domain.
Background technology
Municipal drainage prevention waterlogging programming and planning premise be have to the rain fall and rule in city clearly understanding and
Research, there is the Rainfall Pattern of Urban Design Storm for being suitable for this area rainfall rule.And city length lasts heavy rain rainfall pattern and is to determine city
Facilities design of preventing waterlogging flow, municipal drainage prevention waterlogging systems organization and the basic foundation of design.With adding for Process of Urbanization Construction process
It hurry up, extreme catchment frequently occurs, and rainfall flood peak shifts to an earlier date, and magnanimity increase, urban waterlogging takes place frequently.Brought by urban waterlogging
Loss is more serious, and the planning and designing to municipal drainage prevention waterlogging engineering bring huge pressure.
At present, the planning and designing constantly improve of the water drainage of China's flood control and Municipal draining two systems, two sets
System is respectively used to defend rivers water system Flood and excluded sudden and violent within the Municipal Water drainage system design return period
Rain runoff, Each performs its own functions.But the planning and designing of the municipal drainage prevention waterlogging system to fall between remain the defects of certain.City
The planning and designing of city's drainage waterlogging prevention engineering and municipal drainage and flood control water drainage facility are closely bound up, and both are respectively work of preventing waterlogging
Cheng Jianshe upstream and downstream border.The sampling duration of municipal drainage system is up to 180min, and urban flood defence drainage system is adopted
Sample lasts minimum 1h, due to lasting the difference of selection, it is impossible to mechanical that existing rainfall pattern in two systems is applied in city
In drainage waterlogging prevention system.
The correlation experience prevented and treated according to domestic and international urban waterlogging, it is sudden and violent that the length applied to municipal drainage prevention waterlogging engineering lasts design
Rain rainfall pattern, which should try one's best, meets following three conditions：First, the design storm pattern of municipal drainage prevention waterlogging engineering must be that length is lasted
Raindrop type, according to the size of urban waterlogging Engineering Zone scope and concentration time, it is considered that 1440min, most long to 2 days
Design storm pattern can meet project planning design requirement of preventing waterlogging.Secondly, it is true should to embody basin as far as possible for design storm pattern
Rainfall statistical law.Finally, design storm pattern should also be taken into account arranges with the flood control of the municipal drainage facility in city and water conservancy
Flooded facility uses effective linking of design rainfall.
In consideration of it, this patent lasts the demand of heavy rain rainfall pattern from municipal drainage prevention waterlogging system length, by the city of standard
Meteorological characteristics of rainfall data (.dat files), using mathematical statistics method, count and sort out actual typical rainfall, then
The water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value provided according to local hydraulic department, so as to carry out the positioning of the shifting peak of typical rainfall, it is finally made city length
Last heavy rain rainfall pattern.Main operational steps are quickly realized by computer program.The method have the characteristics that only need to pass through system
The typical case counted out lasts rainfall and carries out same frequency shifting peak positioning, has greatly refined the rough property of traditional rainfall pattern preparation method, has made new
The city length pushed away lasts design storm pattern and more meets local real rainfall statistical law, better authenticity.
The content of the invention
The present invention predominantly solution current city tradition rainfall pattern preparation method is numerous and diverse, does not also consider from Practical Project angle
Whether it has the problem in science such as local representativeness, it is proposed that a kind of city length based on water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value lasts heavy rain rainfall pattern
Preparation method.
Technical scheme is as follows：
City length based on water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value lasts heavy rain rainfall pattern preparation method, and methods described includes following step successively
Suddenly：
(1) division of catchment；
Under Access database platforms, the meteorological department after being handled by digital processing system provides original
Rainfall data, divide rainfall.Rainfall refers to continuous duration of raining, when persistently stopping rain (rainfall between front and rear rainfall
Measure as 0mm) time more than 12 hours when, then rainfall is two separate " catchments " before and after defining.With Nian Weitong
Unit is counted, counts catchment annual in the data time limit respectively.
(2) 10 typical heavy rains it is selected；
Catchment statistics needs to analyze all catchments counted after completing, because of rainfall and drop
Raininess degree, which changes over time, to differ greatly, and rainfall, raininess are not of uniform size, for gross rainfall is small, raininess also less catchment
It is nonsensical that rainfall pattern is actually lasted to research city length, is ignored.So-called typical heavy rain generally refers to selected sudden and violent
The total rainfall of rain is big, and rainfall intensity is also big, therefore can really reflect the rain fall designed under regional the most unfavorable processing condition.
To current, in the general city in China from remembering that rainfall record can reach more than 20 years, from city from the institute remembered in the Rainfall data time limit
There are 10 representative rainfalls that maximum is picked out in catchment.
(3) it is long to last the selected of the main rain peak position of design rainfall pattern；
First, according to the main rain peak-to-peak value for recommending rainfall pattern to determine water conservancy rainfall pattern in local hydrologic manual, due to Ministry of Water Resources
Door generally use is 24 hours design storm patterns using hour as the unit period, so the rain peak position determined by water conservancy rainfall pattern
Put and may be only accurate to the maximum small period；The rain peak position in design storm pattern in maximum period hour is lasted for city length
It is determined that then according to the determination method of municipal drainage short duration rainfall pattern rain peak position, i.e., in the 10 typical heavy rains picked out with
5min is that the rain peak position of the maximum hour rainfall of unit period determines, final both combine the rain peak position determined and are
Grow the main rain peak position for lasting design storm pattern in city.
(4) the shifting peak positioning of typical rainfall is carried out under excel system platforms；
Catchment combinatorial compound Heavy Rainfall Process is picked out the typical heavy rain of 10 maximums by actual rainfall and carried out
Analysis, the same frequency design rainfall under different last is controlled, the method for using for reference flood risk analysis, carries out same frequency time-division transfer contracting
Put.Specific steps：The principle alignd according to main rain peak, the rain peak position of 10 selected typical heavy rains is moved in (3) respectively
The city length determined is lasted at the main rain peak of design rainfall pattern, the rainfall of 1440min typical case's rain after interception rain peak position is consistent
Process, using 5min as statistical unit, 288 5min of 10 typical heavy rains rainfall series can be drawn.
(5) under excel system platforms, carry out growing according to the following steps and last design storm pattern distribution：
(5.1) for every intercepted out typical heavy rain, every 5 minutes rainfall institute in its whole rainfall is counted respectively
The ratio accounted for, you can obtain the allocation proportion of every typical heavy rain.No matter then play, being averaged for allocation proportion in each position is taken
Value, can obtain 288 averages altogether.
(5.2) sum of 144 numbers of continuous maximum, the series for 144 numbers now picked out are found in 288 averages
Period as corresponding to maximum 720min rainfall, the series of remaining 144 numbers is re-started respectively as unit 1
Section pro rate, so as to obtain the final pro rate of H1440-H720 sections in rainfall pattern.Similarly the like, it can obtain respectively
H720–H240、H240–H180、H180–H120、H120–H90、H90–H60、H60–H45、H45–H30、H30–H15、H15–
H5, H5 final pro rate.
(6) the long generation for lasting design storm pattern
City length is lasted into the rainfall value that Rain Intensity Formula Based tries to achieve corresponded to respectively and bring final allocation proportion into, can obtain city
The mayor lasts design storm time distribution i.e. length and lasts rainfall pattern.
Beneficial effect is mainly reflected in：
1. using the preparation method of the present invention, it is only necessary to carry out water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value by lasting rainfall to the typical case counted
Shifting peak positioning, just can simply, accurately realize meet municipal drainage prevention waterlogging system length last design storm pattern.
2. this patent using Drainage Design specification as constraints, carries out growing point for lasting rainfall pattern from the angle of engineering connecting
Match somebody with somebody.By real typical rainfall data combination water conservancy rainfall pattern peak, the city for making newly to push away is grown and lasts design storm pattern
Not only more meet local real rainfall statistical law, better authenticity, and the length based on water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value lasts design
Heavy rain rainfall pattern can also be taken into account uses having for design rainfall with the facility of controlling flood and draining flooded fields of the municipal drainage facility in city and water conservancy
Effect linking.
3. this patent considers the operability of each step, it is only necessary to by the simple behaviour under the platforms such as computer Excel
Work can be completed, and without the programming software of complexity, ensure that the exploitativeness of this patent.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the stream of the present invention " the city length based on water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value lasts design storm pattern preparation method " work
Journey schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is typical heavy rain rainfall process schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is with the design storm graph under 50 year return period that 1 hour is the unit period.
Fig. 4 is the principle alignd according to main rain peak, and the rain peak position of 10 selected typical heavy rains is moved into what is determined
Grow the schematic diagram after lasting at the main rain peak d=566min for designing rainfall pattern in city.
Fig. 5 schemes to calculate the period corresponding to rainfall.
Fig. 6 embodiment result figures.
Embodiment
Further had to the detailed production method of the present invention below by L cities concrete application example, and with reference to accompanying drawing 1
Body explanation.
The specific implementation flow of the present invention is as shown in figure 1, comprise the following steps：
(1) the original rainfall data after city locality meteorological department is handled by digital processing system are obtained,
Under Access database platforms, according to the rainfall standard when the duration for stopping rain is small more than 12, field rainfall thing is carried out
The division of part, and count the annual field catchment in the pluviograph record data time limit of city.
(2) according to the above-mentioned annual field catchment counted, the choosing of 10 representative heavy rains of maximum is carried out
Take, the typical heavy rain of selection, which possesses, lasts that the total rainfall of (1440min) interior heavy rain is big, and rainfall intensity is also big in regulation length.According to L
The 1961-2012 cities pluviograph record that city provides, is split continuous precipitation time series using rainfall intensity method
Into 7833 catchments.The wherein raininess and 10 representativenesses of rainfall maximum selected from 7833 actual measurement catchments
Typical heavy rain is respectively：The 3-4 days of in September, 2010, the 4-6 days of in September, 1964, the 22-24 days of in August, 1999, on May 7th, 2010,
25-26 days in June, 2008,16-17 days in May, 1989,16-19 days June nineteen eighty-three, 14-15 days in May, 2010, in May, 1975
26-27 days, the 25-27 days of in September, 1993, typical heavy rain rainfall process schematic diagram are as shown in Figure 2.
(3) the city length based on water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value lasts the determination of design storm pattern peak value：
(3.1) in water conservancy design storm pattern peak value determination, design storm rain in the hydrologic manual of city locality can be inquired about
Type, peak is obtained according to list in hydrologic manual or rainstorm duration figure, determine main rain peak in which hour period
It is interior.The storm runoff that certain hydrology master station of province of example provides looks into nomogram table service manual subordinate list 3~1 and checks in L cities location maximum 24
The hydraulic engineering design rainfall pattern of hour.The 24 hours rainfall line rainfall patterns used with reference to province's hydraulic department, rain peak position is the 10th
Individual slot position, that is, 9:01 to 10:00 period, it was the design storm under 50 year return period of unit period with 1 hour
Graph is as shown in Figure 3.
(3.2) determination of maximum hour rain peak position, according in the 10 typical rainfalls picked out in units of 5min
Maximum 60min lasts lower rainfall peak value statistical result, obtains the rain peak position in maximum hour, so that it is determined that the maximum in the period
Peak.L cities by the 5min periods in the maximum 1 hour of 10 typical heavy rains rain peak to average r=0.42.
(3.3) both above-mentioned rain peak position determined of combining is the main rain peak position that city length lasts design storm pattern
Put.Because the original rainfall data of note certainly is that the rainfall carried out in units of minute counts, therefore main rain peak-to-peak value position calculation formula
For：D=9*60min+0.42*60min=566min, therefore, it is sudden and violent that city length of the city based on water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value lasts design
The main rain peak position of rain rainfall pattern is scheduled on the basis that 566min distributes as following rainfall pattern.
(4) the shifting peak positioning of typical rainfall, the method for using for reference flood risk analysis, the same frequency time-division transfer of typical rain is carried out
Scaling.In Execl table procedures, scatter chart (such as Fig. 2 is claimed when making rainfall according to the data of 10 typical rainfalls respectively
It is shown), the principle alignd according to main rain peak, the rain peak position of 10 selected typical heavy rains is moved in (3) to the city determined
The mayor is lasted at the main rain peak d=566min of design rainfall pattern, as shown in Fig. 4 schematic diagrames.Intercept every rain peak position it is consistent after
The rainfall of 1440min typical case's rain is lasted, using 5min as statistical unit, 10 can be drawn respectively in Excel table procedures
5min rainfall under 288 periods of typical heavy rain.
(5) under Excel system platforms, for 10 (288 sections that are lasted for 1440min) the typical heavy rains intercepted out,
Every 5 minutes rainfall ratio shared in its corresponding whole rainfall is counted respectively, you can obtains point of every typical heavy rain
With ratio.No matter then play, the average value of allocation proportion in 10 each position is taken, it is equal can finally to obtain serial 288
Value.
(6) as shown in figure 5, finding the sum of 144 numbers of continuous maximum, 144 now picked out in 288 averages
Several series is the period (720min positioning) corresponding to maximum 720min rainfall, and what it is by remaining 144 numbers is
Row re-start each section of pro rate as unit 1, so as to obtain the final pro rate of H1440-H720 sections in rainfall pattern.
(7) similarly the like, according to the rainfall for maximum 144 section (720min positioning) picked out, can distinguish
Obtain H720-H240, H240-H180, H180-H120, H120-H90, H90-H60, H60-H45, H45-H30, H30-H15,
H15-H5, H5 final pro rate.
(8) the long generation for lasting design storm pattern, mayor L last Rain Intensity Formula Based and are：
Wherein P is Designed recurrence period, and t is rainfall duration.
Rain Intensity Formula Based (various regions provincial standard can check in) is lasted by city length, you can try to achieve under the specified return period lasts
Rainfall value (q=i*t), and the final apportioning cost of rainfall=rainfall value * allocation proportions, according to the Partition of rain value ultimately generated,
It can obtain city length of the L cities based on water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value and last design storm pattern, example results are as shown in Figure 6.
Claims (1)
1. the city length based on water conservancy rainfall pattern peak value lasts heavy rain rainfall pattern preparation method, it is characterised in that comprises the steps of：
(1) division of catchment；
Under Access database platforms, the original rainfall of meteorological department's offer after being handled by digital processing system
Data, divide rainfall；Rainfall refers to continuous duration of raining, exceedes when the time for persistently stopping rain between front and rear rainfall
At 12 hours, then rainfall is two separate " catchments " before and after defining；Using year as statistical unit, statistics is provided funds respectively
Expect catchment annual in the time limit；
(2) 10 typical heavy rains it is selected；
10 representative rainfalls of maximum are picked out in all catchments in from city from the note Rainfall data time limit；
(3) it is long to last the selected of the main rain peak position of design rainfall pattern；
First, according to the main rain peak-to-peak value for recommending rainfall pattern to determine water conservancy rainfall pattern in local hydrologic manual, because hydraulic department leads to
Frequently be 24 hours design storm patterns using hour as the unit period, so the rain peak position determined by water conservancy rainfall pattern is only
Maximum period hour can be accurate to；Rain peak position in design storm pattern in maximum period hour is lasted for city length really
It is fixed, then according to the determination method of municipal drainage short duration rainfall pattern rain peak position, i.e., in the 10 typical heavy rains picked out with
5min is that the rain peak position of the maximum hour rainfall of unit period determines, final both combine the rain peak position determined and are
Grow the main rain peak position for lasting design storm pattern in city；
(4) the shifting peak positioning of typical rainfall is carried out under excel system platforms；
The principle alignd according to main rain peak, the rain peak position of 10 selected typical heavy rains is moved in (3) what is determined respectively
City length is lasted at the main rain peak of design rainfall pattern, the rainfall of 1440min typical case's rain after interception rain peak position is consistent, with
5min is statistical unit, draws 288 5min of 10 typical heavy rains rainfall series；
(5) under excel system platforms, carry out growing according to the following steps and last design storm pattern distribution：
(5.1) for every intercepted out typical heavy rain, it is shared in its whole rainfall that every 5 minutes rainfall are counted respectively
Ratio, obtain the allocation proportion of every typical heavy rain；No matter then play, the average value of allocation proportion in each position is taken, altogether
Obtain 288 averages；
(5.2) sum of 144 numbers of continuous maximum is found in 288 averages, the series for 144 numbers now picked out is
Period corresponding to maximum 720min rainfall, each section of ratio is re-started using the series of remaining 144 numbers as unit 1
Example distribution, so as to obtain the final pro rate of H1440-H720 sections in rainfall pattern；Similarly, respectively obtain H720-
H240, H240-H180, H180-H120, H120-H90, H90-H60, H60-H45, H45-H30, H30-H15, H15-H5, H5
Final pro rate；
(6) the long generation for lasting design storm pattern
City length is lasted into the rainfall value that Rain Intensity Formula Based tries to achieve corresponded to respectively and bring final allocation proportion into, obtain city length and go through
When design storm time distribution length last rainfall pattern.
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| TWI592890B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2017-07-21 | 安研科技股份有限公司 | Method for generating two-dimensional flood potential map |
| CN107016178B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2018-05-22 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of calculation method of Rainfall Pattern of Urban Design Storm |
| CN107423496B (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2020-06-23 | 浙江大学 | Novel random rainfall event generation method |
| CN107797968B (en) * | 2017-09-14 | 2022-06-03 | 邵丹娜 | Urban design rainstorm type statistical method |
| CN111709108B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2024-01-23 | 广州市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司 | Pollution emission reduction analysis method and system based on big data |
| CN113688503A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-11-23 | 北京师范大学珠海校区 | Single-site rainfall time sequence simulation method based on Markov chain and rainfall event |
| CN113626999A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-11-09 | 北京师范大学珠海校区 | Multi-site rainfall random generation method |
| CN115034506B (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2023-02-07 | 珠江水利委员会珠江水利科学研究院 | Rainfall data-based flood control scheme generation method, device, equipment and medium |
| CN115293293A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2022-11-04 | 广州市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司 | Rain type fuzzy recognition evaluation method, system and terminal equipment |
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