CN109948866A - A kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning method based on SWWM simulation - Google Patents
A kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning method based on SWWM simulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning methods based on SWWM simulation, including computing module and service module, the computing module simulates the runoff of rainwater with the path regulated and stored, Runoff Simulation is carried out to research area to the research area basic data of SWMM input, dynamic Runoff Simulation is carried out to different pipe ducts, the transition process of pollutant is analyzed.The present invention is using big drainage system as " the big sponge skeleton " in city, it is combined by top drainage system and subdrainage system, it is aided with related sponge facility simultaneously and controls rainwash from source, emphatically from grey and green drainage system be coupled, inquire into the feasibility and Optimized Measures of the building design of sponge city, explore reliable sponge urban planning drawing-up system data and operable planning path, for improving sponge urban planning, design and Construction Practice, push sponge urban construction that there is very strong realistic meaning in the applicability of Special section.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sponge urban planning technical field, specially a kind of northern coastal region sea based on SWWM simulation
Continuous urban planning method.
Background technique
Sponge urban construction should follow the principles such as Ecology Precedence, and natural way is combined with artificial measures, is ensuring city
Under the premise of city's drainage waterlogging prevention safety, realize that rainwater in the accumulation, infiltration and purification of urban area, promotes rainwater to the maximum extent
The utilization and ecological environmental protection of resource, construction " sponge city " is not to make a new start, and replaces traditional drainage system, but
One kind " Reduction of Students' Study Load " and supplement to conventional drainage systems, farthest play the effect in city itself.
For the elastic counter-measure of the larger proposition of northern sponge urban precipitation seasonal variety, northern rainy season is solved
Variation is big, and summer rainwater is concentrated, spring and autumn arid, the low problem of rainwater utilization；It is difficult to solve north of china in winter snow removing, begins to learn agent appearance
The problem of secondary pollution is easily caused, and emphasis solves following technical problem:
Northern coastal region, earth's surface elevation is lower, since by seawater scouring, level of ground water is high, and soil water content is full for a long time
With degree height, the features such as salinization of soil state is serious, belongs to the region of the easily waterlogging in city；
Ecology problem: since sea area is divided into block, originally broad sea, is obstructed by cofferdam.Rainwater is difficult to infiltrate,
Sea is flowed rapidly into, freshwater resources waste significantly.Lack blizzard space after Winter Snow, be easy to cause secondary pollution；
In terms of water security: by seawater tidal level water level jacking, drainage pipeline ponding causes rainwater discharge unsmooth.Base north is high
South is low, therefore in flood season, storm sewer can not be discharged rapidly by seawater jacking, lead to urban district internal water accumulation；
In terms of water resource: being influenced by landform, landforms, rainfall, base water resource spatial and temporal distributions are uneven；
Water environmental problems: status pollution of area source is directly entered water body without any control risk reducing measures, makes to water environment
At tremendous influence.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning method based on SWWM simulation, can effectively solve
The problems mentioned above in the background art.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of northern coastal region based on SWWM simulation
Sponge urban planning method, including computing module and service module；
The computing module simulates the runoff of rainwater with the path regulated and stored, and provides to the research area basis of SWMM input
Material carries out Runoff Simulation to research area, carries out dynamic water flow simulation to different pipe ducts, simulates to the transition process of pollutant；
The service module assists computing module, and the service module includes statistical module, graphics module, joint
Module and rainfall module；
The graphics module exports each node, pipeline section, the runoff of water catchment area and pollutant concentration change curve；
The statistical module mitigates the burden that later data arranges；
The combinatorial module realizes mutually converting for each file, can be using the calculated result of back as subsequent processing
Input file；
The rainfall module reads the precipitation of input and avenges data, used in the simulation as computing module.
According to the above technical scheme, the fundamental of model includes rainfall gauge, sub- water catchment area, convergence point, discharge outlet and pipe
Canal.
According to the above technical scheme, the rainfall is calculated as the addition point of rainfall data, passes through associated precipitation time series
Precipitation is provided in planned time to each sub- water catchment area, and result is influenced by setting record time interval and rainfall data type
Output；
The sub- water catchment area be model by generally changing to the plan for land figure in survey region after, draw relatively independent
Sub- water catchment area is connect by the rainfall gauge title of imparting with rainfall timing, and by providing the position of its discharge outlet or convergence point
Be connected with sewerage system, need the attribute factor that assigns have land use value and it is corresponding wash away and increasing value, table
Area, impermeability, the gradient and according to local meteorology and climate, geology and geomorphology determine opposite infiltration model, permeability N value join
Number；
The convergence point is the node for connecting Storm Sewer Network, is the bridge of the water catchment area frame Lian Zi and Storm Sewer Network, setting ginseng
Number mainly has interior bottom absolute altitude, initial point water level, inflow and the depth capacity index of each convergence point, and wherein current divider is convergence point
Another form, flow into two pipe duct time-divisions for convergence point and determine the allocation proportions of two pipe ducts；
The discharge outlet is the terminal of drainage system, needs to mark interior bottom absolute altitude and boundary condition type；
The pipe duct is the generalization form of Urban Rainwater Pipe Networks, states its section configuration by adjusting pipe duct form, also needs
Pipe duct length and pipe duct gradient index are set.
According to the above technical scheme, it when precipitation is predicted in the rainfall module, first has to predict rainfall,
Planning rainwater flow is calculated as follows:
In formula:
Q-planning rainwater flow (L/s)；
Q-storm intensity (L/s.ha)；
F-catchment area (ha)；
- runoff coefficient；
Storm intensity q is calculated by Rain Intensity Formula Based, and the design of rainwater system return period uses 20 years one chance standards:
In formula:
Q-rainfall intensity (l/s.ha)；
P-return period (year)；
T-rainfall duration (minute), wherein t=t1+mt2；
The disconnected ground inlet time of t1-starting takes 10 minutes, and m- reduction coefficient takes 2；
Rainwater fashionable colors in t2-pipeline；
Rainwater discharge takes flow by gravity to discharge principle in planning one's respective area, and planning is dry along plot main roads laying rainwater
It manages, the storm sewer of small diameter tube is all made of plastics riffled tube in planning, and caliber is greater than 400, using concrete reinforced pipe；
In precipitation forecast period, due to it is above-mentioned to weather and precipitation status the characteristics of analysis after, according to rainfall and snowfall
Two kinds of precipitation form form and are predicted respectively.
According to the above technical scheme, steps are as follows for model construction:
S1, object properties are determined, sub- charge for remittance subregion is carried out to research area and is divided, determine that the son of the research each charge for remittance subregion in area converges
It is water area, characteristic width, the gradient, impermeable percentage, the impermeable area coefficient of roughness, the infiltrating area coefficient of roughness, impermeable
The water storage of area depression, the impermeable area percentage of non-depression water storage, penetrates into model at the water storage of infiltrating area depression；
The determination of S2, position of articulating point and assignment；
S3, precipitation selection；
S4, the network for drawing survey region physical assemblies, carry out visualization processing to survey region in SWMM software,
Including rainfall gauge, sub- catchment area, node, pipeline section and map tag, addition rainfall gauge, sub- catchment area, node, pipeline section,
Icon label and non-visualized objects；
S5, editing system constitute the attribute of object；
S6, one group analysis option of selection；
S7, simulation is executed；
S8, display analog result；
S9, simulation result analysis determine specific transformation region.
According to the above technical scheme, simulated to obtain in the step S8 objective function y (x)=y (x1, x2,
X3 ... ..., xn) value, judge Parameters variation to the influence degree of output valve with influence value ei, such as following formula calculates:
ei=(y*-y)/△i；
In formula: Y*For the output valve after Parameters variation；
Y is the output valve before Parameters variation；
△iFor the luffing of parameter i；
By selected variable with fixed step size percentage change, multiple average values of Morris coefficient are then calculated, are acquired quick
Perceptual Assessing parameters S, such as following formula:
In formula: S is sensibility Assessing parameters；
YiOutput valve is run for model i-th；
Yi+1For model i+1 time operation output valve；
Y is calculated result preliminary examination value after parameter adjustment；
PiPercentage change for i-th model running parameter value relative to parameter value after calibration；
Pi+1For percentage change of the i+1 time model running parameter value relative to parameter value after calibration；
N is model running number.
According to the above technical scheme, planning includes the following steps:
A1, the diameter flow path on soil is simulated by GIS-Geographic Information System: in the analysis of early period, by GIS to the north
City coastal region carries out the charge for remittance path simulation of runoff, restores these due ecoscape rivers and canals, reinforces north city shore
The flood control in Haiti area, which is prevented waterlogging, builds, and carries out next spatial framework optimization based on this；
A2, optimization surface drainage spatial framework；According to potential Runoff Analysis, after forming new urban water system circulation, root
According to subregion control and the spatial model of storm water man- agement system, spatial framework optimization is carried out to urban water system.
According to the above technical scheme, charge for remittance path simulation is seasonal to the sponge city north in the step S1 copes with: answering
The characteristic of city big to north city coastal region north seasonal variety, the connection and circulation of urban water system, thus the city winter
The discharge of snow-broth has promotion after Ji Jiangxue melts.
According to the above technical scheme, flood control prevention waterlogging construction reasonable arrangement water storage space copes with strand storm in the step S1
Damp disaster, it is water-based to be communicated with conducive to the planning and designing of city water storage space, hierarchical planning city water reserve, concentrating large area
The enough water storage spaces of Planning practice in seaside area are given in water reserve, as the main water reserve in city, water catchment area, cope with strand storm tide
Generation.
According to the above technical scheme, the optimization of water system spatial framework will consider several city status base strips in the step S2
Part is divided between the water catchment area and each disposal precinct that determine each disposal precinct according to disposal precinct according to topography variation and water system
Distribution, also has the circulation of intercoursing of water resource, and the water system connection of coastal region has the rainwater waterlogging for preventing coastal region
Valuable help, determines the water catchment area in coastal region in each rank disposal precinct, and whole be convenient for is collectively formed in grading
Storm water man- agement, the urban water system for preventing urban waterlogging.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention: using big drainage system as " the big sponge skeleton " in city, pass through
Top drainage system and subdrainage system combine, while being aided with related sponge facility and controlling rainwash from source, emphatically
From industrial base three-dimensional system, the feasible measure selection of sponge city building design is inquired into, reliable planning is explored and compiles
Data processed and operable planning path, the technology for improving sponge city, design and practice are extended, and sponge city is pushed to build
The applicability for being located at Special section has very strong realistic meaning, and more than sponge urban construction for northern coastal city, which provides, borrows
Mirror probes into the technical system for being suitable for northern area, can more be applied to other northern coastal cities by examining；
Simulative calculation is carried out by SWMM computer software, one analysis is transformed the main problem of preceding survey region and is changed
Emphasis is made, obtains corresponding drainage system construction with analogue data reckoning, second, simulation Re-construction planning scheme, analytical plan
Coping mechanism and analog result in different precipitation verify the feasibility of program evaluation, and to it in northern strand
Regional sponge city applicability is studied, and the sponge urban construction for related region provides new direction and thinking.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, and constitutes part of specification, with reality of the invention
It applies example to be used to explain the present invention together, not be construed as limiting the invention.
In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is SWMM drainage system of the invention generally change figure；
Fig. 2 is model construction step schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 is planning step schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 4 is survey region underlying surface Permeable stratum area rate table figure of the invention；
Fig. 5 is sub- water catchment area parameter setting table figure of the invention；
Fig. 6 is urban land Impervious surface coverage table figure of the invention；
Fig. 7 is hinge of the invention, pipe duct parameter setting table figure；
Fig. 8 is hinge pipe duct parameter list figure of the invention；
Fig. 9 is survey region SWMM simulation generalization figure of the invention；
Figure 10 is sensitive model parameters analysis list figure of the invention；
Figure 11 is that hydrologic parameter of the invention simulates clever sensitivity analysis radar map；
Figure 12 is SWMM rainfall runoff simulation schematic diagram of the invention；
Figure 13 is that sponge urban planning of the invention need to solve discharge oral thermometer figure；
Figure 14 is analog result demand analysis figure of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that preferred reality described herein
Apply example only for the purpose of illustrating and explaining the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment: as shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides technical solution, a kind of northern coastal region sea based on SWWM simulation
Continuous urban planning method, including computing module and service module；
Computing module simulates the runoff of rainwater with the path regulated and stored, to the research area basic data pair of SWMM input
It studies area and carries out Runoff Simulation, dynamic water flow simulation is carried out to different pipe ducts, the transition process of pollutant is simulated；
Service module assists computing module, and service module includes statistical module, graphics module, combinatorial module and drop
Rain module；
Graphics module exports each node, pipeline section, the runoff of water catchment area and pollutant concentration change curve；
Statistical module mitigates the burden that later data arranges；
Combinatorial module realizes mutually converting for each file, can be using the calculated result of back as the input of subsequent processing
File；
Rainfall module reads the precipitation of input and avenges data, used in the simulation as computing module.
According to the above technical scheme, the fundamental of model includes rainfall gauge, sub- water catchment area, convergence point, discharge outlet and pipe
Canal.
According to the above technical scheme, rainfall is calculated as the addition point of rainfall data, by associated precipitation time series to each
Sub- water catchment area provides precipitation in planned time, influences the defeated of result by setting record time interval and rainfall data type
Out；
Sub- water catchment area be model by generally changing to the plan for land figure in survey region after, draw relatively independent son and converge
Pool is connect by the rainfall gauge title of imparting with rainfall timing, and by providing the position and city of its discharge outlet or convergence point
City's drainage system is connected, need the attribute factor that assigns have land use value and it is corresponding wash away and increasing value, surface area,
Impermeability, the gradient and opposite infiltration model, permeability N value parameter are determined according to local meteorology and climate, geology and geomorphology；
Convergence point is the node for connecting Storm Sewer Network, is the bridge of the water catchment area frame Lian Zi and Storm Sewer Network, and parameter master is arranged
There are interior bottom absolute altitude, initial point water level, inflow and the depth capacity index of each convergence point, wherein current divider is the another of convergence point
A kind of form determines the allocation proportion of two pipe ducts for convergence point two pipe duct time-divisions of inflow；
Discharge outlet is the terminal of drainage system, needs to mark interior bottom absolute altitude and boundary condition type；
Pipe duct is the generalization form of Urban Rainwater Pipe Networks, states its section configuration by adjusting pipe duct form, also needs to be arranged
Pipe duct length and pipe duct gradient index.
According to the above technical scheme, it when precipitation is predicted in rainfall module, first has to predict rainfall, plan
Rainwater flow is calculated as follows:
In formula:
Q-planning rainwater flow (L/s)；
Q-storm intensity (L/s.ha)；
F-catchment area (ha)；
- runoff coefficient；
Storm intensity q is calculated by Rain Intensity Formula Based, and the design of rainwater system return period uses 20 years one chance standards:
In formula:
Q-rainfall intensity (l/s.ha)；
P-return period (year)；
T-rainfall duration (minute), wherein t=t1+mt2；
The disconnected ground inlet time of t1-starting takes 10 minutes, and m- reduction coefficient takes 2；
Rainwater fashionable colors in t2-pipeline；
Rainwater discharge takes flow by gravity to discharge principle in planning one's respective area, and planning is dry along plot main roads laying rainwater
It manages, the storm sewer of small diameter tube is all made of plastics riffled tube in planning, and caliber is greater than 400, using concrete reinforced pipe；
In precipitation forecast period, due to it is above-mentioned to weather and precipitation status the characteristics of analysis after, according to rainfall and snowfall
Two kinds of precipitation form form and are predicted respectively.
As shown in Fig. 2, according to the above technical scheme, steps are as follows for model construction:
S1, object properties are determined, sub- charge for remittance subregion is carried out to research area and is divided, determine that the son of the research each charge for remittance subregion in area converges
It is water area, characteristic width, the gradient, impermeable percentage, the impermeable area coefficient of roughness, the infiltrating area coefficient of roughness, impermeable
The water storage of area depression, the impermeable area percentage of non-depression water storage, penetrates into model at the water storage of infiltrating area depression；
The determination of S2, position of articulating point and assignment；
S3, precipitation selection；
S4, the network for drawing survey region physical assemblies, carry out visualization processing to survey region in SWMM software,
Including rainfall gauge, sub- catchment area, node, pipeline section and map tag, addition rainfall gauge, sub- catchment area, node, pipeline section,
Icon label and non-visualized objects；
S5, editing system constitute the attribute of object；
S6, one group analysis option of selection；
S7, simulation is executed；
S8, display analog result；
S9, simulation result analysis determine specific transformation region.
According to the above technical scheme, watershed division is carried out to research area, is the basis for carrying out SWMM simulation to it, converged
Moisture area, which carries out classifying rationally, has a significant impact to SWMM analog result correctness, the method that study SWMM divides charge for remittance subregion,
It is divided in this simulation according to following principle for research Division water catchment area:
1, sub- charge for remittance subregion is carried out to research area according to geomorphologic characteristics, planning road and the sewerage pipeline network in research area to draw
Point；
2, Urban Rain is unbalanced under normal circumstances, and rainwater is not to be evenly distributed in city space, every time
The rainwater distribution situation of rainfall is all not quite similar, and technical conditions are limited, in order to more easily simulate research area, needs to assume
It is evenly distributed on when Urban Rain on each sub- charge for remittance subregion in research area, the rainfall intensity of every part is all identical, at this
Rainfall simulation is carried out under the conditions of it is assumed that；
3, under natural conditions, rainwater will not carry out runoff discharge, a sub- charge for remittance point fully according to the path of manual specification
Area may have multiple water inlets, to guarantee going on smoothly for simulation, choose nearest one of ion charge for remittance subregion and be used as the region
The water inlet of simulation；
4, urban drainage pipe network is intricate, this simulation is only chosen main line drainage pipeline networks and is divided into Storm Sewer Network, not right
Branch pipe network carries out simulation calculating.
The selection gist of analog parameter is mainly relied in SWMM model and is obtained, by sub- water catchment area, pipe duct and hinge
Three parts composition；
As illustrated in figures 4-5, according to the above technical scheme, pass through water percolating capacity caused by the gradient, earth's surface elevation, land character
Difference needs all kinds of parameters of each charge for remittance subregion to research area to be determined, including face in each plot, progress assignment
Product, mean inclination and Permeable stratum area rate, sub- watershed area and the gradient are obtained by CAD model and Slope Analysis, sub
Watershed Permeable stratum area rate is by combining " sponge urban construction guide " to the analysis of underlying surface urban land property above
Run-off related content setting.
In SWMM computer model simulation, in terms of being directed to sub- water catchment area, space required, the gradient, impermeability and soil
Ground is using motor-driven data and stablizes infiltration rate, initially lower infiltration ability, lower infiltration ability attenuation coefficient, waterproof low lying ground storage capacity
It is formed with pervious surface roughness parameter value, wherein area can be calculated by CAD computer software to be obtained；The slope of sub- gathering ground
Degree is determined by self-building inside survey region, but overall situation is still consistent with road grade, and therefore, the gradient refers to surrounding
Road grade；Impermeability, that is, Permeable stratum area rate, land use with reference to survey region overall planning programme plus the
One section show that the difference of studies have shown that urban land property, Impervious surface coverage is also had nothing in common with each other to the classification of underlay surface layer, occupies
Firmly the Impervious surface coverage of the higher land used of class mining inetesity is higher, and culture and education amusement and industry greening accounting height, mining inetesity
Low land used Impervious surface coverage is lower.
As shown in fig. 6, providing to the Impervious surface coverage of all kinds of lands used in research area: the Impervious surface coverage of residential estate is
50%, the Impervious surface coverage of greenery patches land used is 15%, and commercial, commercial land Impervious surface coverage is 65%, and quotient lives the waterproof of land used
Rate is 55%, and the Impervious surface coverage of land for squares is 70%, and the Impervious surface coverage of municipal land used is 85%, medical treatment, culture, physical site
Impervious surface coverage be 50%.
As Figure 7-8, according to the above technical scheme, hinge and pipe duct collectively constitute Storm Sewer Network in overall planning and advise
It draws, wherein hinge is exclusive in SWMM, and for the tie point of connexon water catchment area and pipe duct, while Storm Sewer Network follows two o'clock
The principle of shape being aligned is drawn, and therefore, in SWMM software, pipe duct should be drawn after survey region hinge is cooked up.
It needing to be illustrated its position and assignment two parts in hinge, in terms of setting, it then follows sub- water catchment area is closer,
It can connect, and at the node in pipeline in pipe network planning；In assignment, interior bottom absolute altitude and depth capacity two fingers need to be set
Mark, wherein in bottom absolute altitude setting principle attach most importance to solenoid net because of Storm Sewer Network, therefore land direction according to pipe duct, row from high to low
It falls, that is, drops out a little lower than falling into a little, and depth capacity is then closely related with rain pipe diameter in overall planning.
Depth capacity is the buried depth of pipeline of rainwater pipeline, and the rain pipe buried depth of Ordinary Rd is 0.9m, car lane road test
Consider road weighing problem, buried depth 1.2m, buried depth, that is, depth capacity.
As shown in figure 9, model construction based on the earth's surface subregion of Primary Construction, is planned and structure according to Urban Rainwater Pipe Networks
The following models built, model are divided into 83 sub- watersheds altogether, 20 sections of storm sewers, caliber change range 300mm~
2000mm, the numerical value of 5 outlet water at tail end mouths, each sub- watershed determines.
It can determine the caliber of rain pipe under each road, the calculation of interior bottom absolute altitude is that buried depth of pipeline subtracts thickness of pipe wall
Degree subtracts pipe thickness by the data of maximum buried depth above, the interior bottom absolute altitude of hinge everywhere can be obtained.
As shown in figs. 10-11, according to the above technical scheme, it is simulated to obtain objective function y (x)=y in step S8
The value of (x1, x2, x3 ... ..., xn) judges that Parameters variation calculates the influence degree of output valve, such as following formula with influence value ei:
ei=(y*-y)/△i；
In formula: Y*For the output valve after Parameters variation；
Y is the output valve before Parameters variation；
△iFor the luffing of parameter i；
By selected variable with fixed step size percentage change, multiple average values of Morris coefficient are then calculated, are acquired quick
Perceptual Assessing parameters S, such as following formula:
In formula: S is sensibility Assessing parameters；
YiOutput valve is run for model i-th；
Yi+1For model i+1 time operation output valve；
Y is calculated result preliminary examination value after parameter adjustment；
PiPercentage change for i-th model running parameter value relative to parameter value after calibration；
Pi+1For percentage change of the i+1 time model running parameter value relative to parameter value after calibration；
N is model running number；
It chooses 10% to be changed parameters as fixed step size, in the case where other parameters are constant, changes certain
One parameter to be analyzed, value are respectively -30%, -20%, -10%, 10%, 20%, the 30% of each initial value, then are simulated point
Hydrologic parameter is analysed to the sensibility of crest discharge, relative error and related coefficient, SWMM model hydrologic parameter is to crest discharge, phase
It is as shown in the table for susceptibility calculated result and sequence to error and related coefficient: for different output variables, each parameter sensitivity
Property sequence it is also different.
Therefrom, it can be seen that impervious surface Manning coefficient (the i.e. waterproof coefficient of roughness) and maximum infiltration influence relatively
Larger, when rainfall is smaller, the impervious surface coefficient of roughness is affected to crest discharge value, and when rainfall is larger, most
Big infiltration rate is relatively high, and generally speaking, the susceptibility highest of the impervious surface coefficient of roughness is affected to analog result.
As shown in figure 3, according to the above technical scheme, planning includes the following steps:
A1, the diameter flow path on soil is simulated by GIS-Geographic Information System: in the analysis of early period, by GIS to the north
City coastal region carries out the charge for remittance path simulation of runoff, restores these due ecoscape rivers and canals, reinforces north city shore
The flood control in Haiti area, which is prevented waterlogging, builds, and carries out next spatial framework optimization based on this；
A2, optimization surface drainage spatial framework；According to potential Runoff Analysis, after forming new urban water system circulation, root
According to subregion control and the spatial model of storm water man- agement system, spatial framework optimization is carried out to urban water system.
According to the above technical scheme, charge for remittance path simulation is seasonal to the sponge city north in step S1 copes with: reply north
The big characteristic of city of mahjong city coastal region north seasonal variety, the connection and circulation of urban water system, so that city winter drops
The discharge of snow-broth has promotion after snow melts.
According to the above technical scheme, flood control prevention waterlogging construction reasonable arrangement water storage space copes with strand Disaster of Storm Surges in step S1
Evil, it is water-based to be communicated with conducive to the planning and designing of city water storage space, hierarchical planning city water reserve, concentrating large area water storage
Area gives the enough water storage spaces of Planning practice in seaside area, as the main water reserve in city, water catchment area, copes with the hair of strand storm tide
It is raw.
According to the above technical scheme, the optimization of water system spatial framework will consider several city status basic conditions in step S2,
It is divided according to disposal precinct between the water catchment area and each disposal precinct that determine each disposal precinct according to topography variation and water system point
Cloth, also has a circulation of intercoursing of water resource, and the water system connection of coastal region has weight to preventing the rainwater waterlogging of coastal region
It helps, determines the water catchment area in coastal region in each rank disposal precinct, grading is collectively formed whole convenient for rain
Flood management, the urban water system for preventing urban waterlogging.
As shown in figs. 12-14, distinguish by simulation, five sections of rainwash and to the run-off that base periphery intercepts
For 45.7,53.99,78.54,25.25,118.12,122.46mm, these are the target built sponge city and need to solve
Value.
Finally, it should be noted that being not intended to restrict the invention the foregoing is merely preferred embodiment of the invention, to the greatest extent
Present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments for pipe, for those skilled in the art, still can be with
It modifies the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features.It is all
Within the spirit and principles in the present invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in guarantor of the invention
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning method based on SWWM simulation, it is characterised in that: including computing module
And service module；
The computing module simulates the runoff of rainwater with the path regulated and stored, to the research area basic data pair of SWMM input
It studies area and carries out Runoff Simulation, dynamic water flow simulation is carried out to different pipe ducts, the transition process of pollutant is simulated；
The service module assists computing module, and the service module includes statistical module, graphics module, combinatorial module
With rainfall module；
The graphics module exports each node, pipeline section, the runoff of water catchment area and pollutant concentration change curve；
The statistical module mitigates the burden that later data arranges；
The combinatorial module realizes mutually converting for each file, can be using the calculated result of back as the input of subsequent processing
File；
The rainfall module reads the precipitation of input and avenges data, used in the simulation as computing module.
2. a kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning method based on SWWM simulation according to claim 1, special
Sign is that the fundamental of model includes rainfall gauge, sub- water catchment area, convergence point, discharge outlet and pipe duct.
3. a kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning method based on SWWM simulation according to claim 2, special
Sign is that the rainfall is calculated as the addition point of rainfall data, is being planned by associated precipitation time series to each sub- water catchment area
Precipitation is provided in the time, the output of result is influenced by setting record time interval and rainfall data type；
The sub- water catchment area be model by generally changing to the plan for land figure in survey region after, draw relatively independent son and converge
Pool is connect by the rainfall gauge title of imparting with rainfall timing, and by providing the position and city of its discharge outlet or convergence point
City's drainage system is connected, need the attribute factor that assigns have land use value and it is corresponding wash away and increasing value, surface area,
Impermeability, the gradient and opposite infiltration model, permeability N value parameter are determined according to local meteorology and climate, geology and geomorphology；
The convergence point is the node for connecting Storm Sewer Network, is the bridge of the water catchment area frame Lian Zi and Storm Sewer Network, and parameter master is arranged
There are interior bottom absolute altitude, initial point water level, inflow and the depth capacity index of each convergence point, wherein current divider is the another of convergence point
A kind of form determines the allocation proportion of two pipe ducts for convergence point two pipe duct time-divisions of inflow；
The discharge outlet is the terminal of drainage system, needs to mark interior bottom absolute altitude and boundary condition type；
The pipe duct is the generalization form of Urban Rainwater Pipe Networks, states its section configuration by adjusting pipe duct form, also needs to be arranged
Pipe duct length and pipe duct gradient index.
4. a kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning method based on SWWM simulation according to claim 1, special
Sign is, when precipitation is predicted in the rainfall module, first has to predict rainfall, and planning rainwater flow is as the following formula
It calculates:
In formula:
Q-planning rainwater flow (L/s)；
Q-storm intensity (L/s.ha)；
F-catchment area (ha)；
- runoff coefficient；
Storm intensity q is calculated by Rain Intensity Formula Based, and the design of rainwater system return period uses 20 years one chance standards:
In formula:
Q-rainfall intensity (l/s.ha)；
P-return period (year)；
T-rainfall duration (minute), wherein t=t1+mt2；
The disconnected ground inlet time of t1-starting takes 10 minutes, and m- reduction coefficient takes 2；
Rainwater fashionable colors in t2-pipeline；
Rainwater discharge takes flow by gravity to discharge principle in planning one's respective area, and planning is laid with Storm-water sewer along plot main roads,
The storm sewer of small diameter tube is all made of plastics riffled tube in planning, and caliber is greater than 400, using concrete reinforced pipe；
In precipitation forecast period, due to it is above-mentioned to weather and precipitation status the characteristics of analysis after, according to rainfall and two kinds of snowfall
Precipitation forms form and is predicted respectively.
5. a kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning method based on SWWM simulation according to claim 1, special
Sign is that steps are as follows for model construction:
S1, object properties are determined, sub- charge for remittance subregion is carried out to research area and is divided, determines the sub- gathering ground of the research each charge for remittance subregion in area
Product, characteristic width, the gradient, impermeable percentage, the impermeable area coefficient of roughness, the infiltrating area coefficient of roughness, impermeable area
Depression water storage, the impermeable area percentage of non-depression water storage, penetrates into model at the water storage of infiltrating area depression；
The determination of S2, position of articulating point and assignment；
S3, precipitation selection；
S4, the network for drawing survey region physical assemblies carry out visualization processing to survey region in SWMM software, including
Rainfall gauge, sub- catchment area, node, pipeline section and map tag, addition rainfall gauge, sub- catchment area, node, pipeline section, icon
Label and non-visualized objects；
S5, editing system constitute the attribute of object；
S6, one group analysis option of selection；
S7, simulation is executed；
S8, display analog result；
S9, simulation result analysis determine specific transformation region.
6. a kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning method based on SWWM simulation according to claim 5, special
Sign is, is simulated to obtain the value of objective function y (x)=y (x1, x2, x3 ... ..., xn) in the step S8, uses influence value
Ei judges that Parameters variation calculates the influence degree of output valve, such as following formula:
ei=(y*-y)/△i；
In formula: Y*For the output valve after Parameters variation；
Y is the output valve before Parameters variation；
△iFor the luffing of parameter i；
By selected variable with fixed step size percentage change, multiple average values of Morris coefficient are then calculated, sensibility is acquired
Assessing parameters S, such as following formula:
In formula: S is sensibility Assessing parameters；
YiOutput valve is run for model i-th；
Yi+1For model i+1 time operation output valve；
Y is calculated result preliminary examination value after parameter adjustment；
PiPercentage change for i-th model running parameter value relative to parameter value after calibration；
Pi+1For percentage change of the i+1 time model running parameter value relative to parameter value after calibration；
N is model running number.
7. a kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning method based on SWWM simulation according to claim 1, special
Sign is that planning includes the following steps:
A1, the diameter flow path on soil is simulated by GIS-Geographic Information System: in the analysis of early period, by GIS to north city
Coastal region carries out the charge for remittance path simulation of runoff, restores these due ecoscape rivers and canals, with reinforcing north city strand
The flood control in area, which is prevented waterlogging, builds, and carries out next spatial framework optimization based on this；
A2, optimization surface drainage spatial framework；According to potential Runoff Analysis, after forming new urban water system circulation, according to point
The spatial model of area's control and storm water man- agement system carries out spatial framework optimization to urban water system.
8. a kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning method based on SWWM simulation according to claim 1, special
Sign is that charge for remittance path simulation is to the seasonal reply in the sponge city north in the step S1: reply north city coastal region
The big characteristic of city of northern seasonal variety, the connection and circulation of urban water system, thus snow-broth after the thawing of city Winter Snow
Discharge has promotion.
9. a kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning method based on SWWM simulation according to claim 7, special
Sign is that flood control prevention waterlogging construction reasonable arrangement water storage space copes with strand storm surge disaster, water-based connection in the step S1
Be conducive to the planning and designing of city water storage space, hierarchical planning city water reserve is concentrating large area water reserve, giving coastal region
It plans enough water storage spaces, as the main water reserve in city, water catchment area, copes with the generation of strand storm tide.
10. a kind of northern coastal region sponge urban planning method based on SWWM simulation according to claim 7, special
Sign is that the optimization of water system spatial framework will consider several city status basic conditions in the step S2, is drawn according to disposal precinct
Divide between the water catchment area and each disposal precinct that determine each disposal precinct according to topography variation and water system sediments, also has water resource
Intercourse circulation, the water system connection of coastal region has valuable help to the rainwater waterlogging for preventing coastal region, determines strand
Water catchment area in area in each rank disposal precinct, grading, be collectively formed it is whole convenient for storm water man- agement, prevent city
The urban water system of waterlogging.
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