CN103868691B - Angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test device - Google Patents
Angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103868691B CN103868691B CN201410081580.1A CN201410081580A CN103868691B CN 103868691 B CN103868691 B CN 103868691B CN 201410081580 A CN201410081580 A CN 201410081580A CN 103868691 B CN103868691 B CN 103868691B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision, comprise: leveling parallels, experiment porch, T-shaped substrate, displacement meter IPN type damping sheet, displacement meter support, setting circle pin, dive key, motor I PN type damping sheet, direct current generator, TS-B type spring coupling, exciter support, vibrator, reluctance head, axial load maintainer, bearing assembly, acceleration transducer, optical pen, CHB type digital display instrument, 24V direct supply, CCS type controller, CCS is installed? the computing machine of Manager software, signal condition instrument, data acquisition unit, the computing machine of CRAS software is installed, power amplifier and machine governor.Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is in the present invention: apparatus structure is simple, positioning precision and measuring accuracy higher, the dynamic parameter at different rotating speeds, axial load operating mode lower bearing can be tested; Highly versatile, can test the dynamic parameter of different size series bearing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of dynamic parametric test experimental provision, a kind of especially angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test device.
Background technology
Along with high-grade, digitally controlled machine tools are towards high precision, high rotating speed, high-level efficiency future development, as the key feature in lathe, main shaft and feed system must have good dynamic perfromance.Angular contact ball bearing is the conventional rotating bearing component of machine tool chief axis and feed system, and its dynamic parameter has important impact to the characteristic of machine tool chief axis and feed system and complete machine characteristic.
At present, in the experimental analysis of angular contact ball bearing dynamic parameter, many researchers to have carried out many-sided, multi-level research, but mostly rest on that research is dissimilar, the load-up condition of size on the impact of bearing dynamic parameter, still do not consider the impact of bearing rotating speed.And in actual applications, rotating speed is the very important working condition of bearing, and therefore the impact of experimental analysis different rotating speeds, load working condition condition diagonal angle contact ball bearing dynamic parameter has important researching value.
Document 1: Chinese patent: bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation, number of patent application: 201310024031.6.Devise a kind of bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation based on single-freedom vibration system, this apparatus structure is compact, and test philosophy is clear, can test the bearing dynamic characteristic parameter under axially different power, radial force and pretightning force loaded-up condition.But this device can not the dynamic parameter of test bearing under the working conditions such as different rotating speeds.
Document 2: Chinese patent: the dynamic and static characteristic parameter testing device of angular contact ball bearing, the patent No.: 201310281081.2.Devise a kind of dynamic and static characteristic parameter testing device of angular contact ball bearing that can have both test axis and the dynamic and static parameter of radial direction, this apparatus structure is simple, and measuring accuracy is high, highly versatile.But this device can not the dynamic parameter of test bearing under the working conditions such as different rotating speeds.
As from the foregoing, there is no experimental provision test different rotating speeds at present, the dynamic parameter of angular contact ball bearing under axial load working condition.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters solved by the invention is to provide a kind of and has that apparatus structure is simple, test philosophy correct, positioning precision and measuring accuracy is high, highly versatile and can test different rotating speeds, Axial Loads lower bearing axially with the angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision of the features such as radial dynamic parameter.
The technical solution realizing the object of the invention is: a kind of angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision, comprise leveling parallels, experiment porch, T-shaped substrate, displacement meter IPN type damping sheet, displacement meter support, bearing seat, setting circle pin, dive key, motor I PN type damping sheet, direct current generator, TS-B type spring coupling, exciter support, vibrator, reluctance head, axial load maintainer, bearing assembly, acceleration transducer, optical pen, CHB type digital display instrument, 24V direct supply, CCS type controller, the computing machine of CCSManager software is installed, signal condition instrument, data acquisition unit, the computing machine of CRAS software is installed, power amplifier and machine governor, wherein, a displacement meter support comprises displacement meter lower bolster, displacement meter sliding block, displacement meter lower feeding support, displacement meter lower feeding screw rod, displacement meter upper padding plate, displacement meter top shoe, optical pen retaining ring, displacement meter upper feeding support, displacement meter upper feeding screw rod, displacement meter lower feeding spring and displacement meter upper feeding spring, wherein, a bearing seat comprises step and top chock, wherein, axial load maintainer comprises resilient ring, resilient ring backing plate, right handed screw, loading nut, load bar, left-handed screw, force snesor backing plate and force snesor, wherein, bearing assembly comprises set nut, rotating shaft, bearing and bearing holder (housing, cover),
Experiment porch is placed on leveling parallels, and T-shaped substrate is fixed on experiment porch, T-shaped substrate arranges bearing seat, displacement meter support and direct current generator, the quantity of described bearing seat is two, one of them bearing seat is near direct current generator, the step of each bearing seat is all fixed on T-shaped substrate by anti-turn bolt, a dive key and four setting circle pins are set between step and T-shaped substrate, these four setting circle pins are fixed on four angles of step by interference fit is uniform, dive key is fixed in the keyway of T-shaped substrate by socket head cap screw, this dive key is positioned in the middle of the bottom surface of step, this bearing seat passes through dive key, the mobile accuracy that setting circle pin improves its axis respectively and the torsional error be reduced in T-shaped upper surface of base plate, top chock is connected on step, arranges two register pins between top chock and step, and two register pins are fixed on the diagonal angle of top chock by interference fit,
T-shaped substrate be arranged in parallel two identical displacement meter supports, these two displacement meter supports are between two bearing seats, the displacement meter lower bolster of each displacement meter support is all fixed on T-shaped substrate by socket head cap screw, displacement meter IPN type damping sheet is set between displacement meter lower bolster and T-shaped substrate, displacement meter sliding block is positioned at the top of displacement meter lower bolster, displacement meter lower feeding spring is set between displacement meter lower bolster and displacement meter sliding block, the direction of extension of displacement meter lower feeding spring is consistent with the direction of feed of displacement meter lower feeding screw rod, displacement meter lower feeding support is fixed on the side of displacement meter sliding block by socket head cap screw, displacement meter lower feeding screw rod is perpendicular with the side of lower feeding support in the displacement meter lower feeding support by thread connection, the concave ball surfaces of displacement meter lower feeding screw rod one end withstands on the convex spherical of displacement meter lower bolster side, displacement meter upper padding plate is fixed on displacement meter sliding block by socket head cap screw, displacement meter top shoe is positioned at the top of displacement meter upper padding plate, displacement meter upper feeding spring is set between displacement meter upper padding plate and displacement meter top shoe, the direction of extension of displacement meter upper feeding spring is consistent with the direction of feed of displacement meter upper feeding screw rod, displacement meter upper feeding support is fixed on displacement meter top shoe side by socket head cap screw, displacement meter upper feeding screw rod is with the side of displacement meter upper feeding support perpendicular in displacement meter upper feeding support by thread connection, described displacement meter upper feeding screw rod and displacement meter lower feeding screw rod perpendicular, the concave ball surfaces of displacement meter upper feeding screw rod one end withstands on the convex spherical of displacement meter upper padding plate side, optical pen retaining ring is fixed on displacement meter top shoe by plus screw,
Direct current generator is fixed on T-shaped substrate by conventional hexagonal screw, motor I PN type damping sheet is set between direct current generator and T-shaped substrate, the input end of direct current generator is connected in the output terminal of machine governor, and the output shaft of direct current generator is fixed by one end of pin and TS-B type spring coupling;
Bearing assembly is between top chock and step, bearing holder (housing, cover) in described bearing assembly is fixed on top chock and step by conventional hexagonal screw and tommy, the outer ring of bearing is fixed in bearing holder (housing, cover) by interference fit, inner ring is fixed in rotating shaft by interference fit, set nut by thread connection in rotating shaft, this set nut holds out against the inner ring of bearing, and one end of rotating shaft is fixed by the other end of pin and TS-B type spring coupling; Described rotating shaft is between two bearing seats;
Four identical and axial load maintainers be parallel to each other are set between the inner side end of two bearing holder (housing, cover)s, these four axial load maintainers all adopt the twin-screw form of different thread rotary orientation, resilient ring backing plate is enclosed within right handed screw by clearance fit, elastic ring cushion is in resilient ring backing plate one end and be enclosed within right handed screw, polished rod one end of right handed screw is inserted in the aperture of bearing holder (housing, cover) inner face, resilient ring is made to abut against on bearing holder (housing, cover) inner side end, the other end of right handed screw is connected in the one end loading nut by right-hand thread, load bar is inserted in the aperture around loading nut, one end of left-handed screw is connected in the other end loading nut by left-hand thread (LHT), the other end of left-handed screw is enclosed within force snesor backing plate by clearance fit, the end face of force snesor is fixed on force snesor backing plate by plus screw, the convex spherical of the force snesor other end withstands in the concave groove of bearing holder (housing, cover) inner face, the output terminal of force snesor is connected with the input end of CHB type digital display instrument,
Optical pen is fixed in optical pen retaining ring, the axis being parallel of optical pen is in the upper surface of experiment porch, bulge loop surface, the side 15 ~ 20mm of the end face distance rotating shaft of optical pen, the output terminal of optical pen is connected with the input end of CCS type controller, the output terminal of CCS type controller is connected with 24V direct supply, and CCS type controller is connected with the first computing machine;
Exciter support is positioned at above the side of experiment porch, exciter support is connected with vibrator by elastic threads, the front end of vibrator is connected on reluctance head by transmission lever, the axis being parallel of reluctance head is in the upper plane of experiment porch, the middle bulge loop surface 5 ± 1.5mm of the end face distance rotating shaft of reluctance head, acceleration transducer is placed on the horizontal radial rooved face of bearing holder (housing, cover) by magnetic chuck, the force signal output terminal of reluctance head is connected with signal condition instrument with the output terminal of acceleration transducer, the output terminal of signal condition instrument is connected with the input end of data acquisition unit, the A type USB interface of data acquisition unit is connected with the computing machine installing CRAS software by data line, the output terminal of data acquisition unit and the input end of power amplifier, the output terminal of power amplifier is connected with the input end of vibrator.
The spherical end face cylinder of displacement meter sliding block inner face and the U-type groove clearance fit of displacement meter lower bolster outer face, between the lower surface of displacement meter sliding block and the upper surface of displacement meter lower bolster, gap is 0.5 ~ 1mm; The spherical end face cylinder of displacement meter top shoe inner face and the U-type groove clearance fit of displacement meter lower bolster outer face, between the lower surface of displacement meter sliding block and the upper surface of displacement meter lower bolster, gap is 0.5 ~ 1mm.
The bottom key slot side of dive key and step is clearance fit, and fits kind is F6/h5.
The experiment porch upper surface of installation displacement meter IPN type damping sheet, motor I PN type damping sheet and displacement meter lower bolster lower surface roughness are within the scope of 0.63 ~ 1.25 μm.
The quantity of acceleration transducer is four, and the quantity of optical pen is two.
Also comprise leveling parallels, the quantity of leveling parallels is four, and these four leveling parallels are separately positioned on four angles below experiment porch.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is: in (1) displacement meter support, displacement meter upper feeding screw rod and displacement meter lower feeding screw flight part have the features such as multithreading, fine pitch, closely-pitched, the different feed screw of turn just can finely tune the position of optical pen in surface level, so displacement meter supporting structure is simple, easy to operate, positioning precision is very high; (2) displacement meter upper feeding spring and lower feeding spring is provided with in displacement meter support, the creeping phenomenon occurred when can weaken adjustment optical pen position well; (3) adopt four axial load maintainers, loading accuracy can be improved and increase maximum bearing test load; (4) displacement meter IPN damping sheet is set between displacement meter support and experiment porch, direct current generator and the impact of vibrator vibration on optical pen position can be weakened largely, improve the precision of test result; (5) motor I PN damping sheet is set between direct current generator and experiment porch, the impact of direct current generator vibration on other physical construction on experiment porch can be weakened well; (6) adopt TS-B type spring coupling between direct current generator and rotating shaft, the impact of the unbalance vibration countershaft of direct current generator output shaft can be weakened widely; (7) only need to change different bearing holder (housing, cover)s and rotating shaft, just can test the angular contact ball bearing of other sizes, improve the versatility of experiment, reduce experimental study cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision overall construction drawing of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is displacement meter rack assumption diagram in angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision of the present invention, and figure (a) is three-dimensional shaft mapping, and figure (b) is front sectional view, and figure (c) is side view cutaway drawing.
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision bottom bracket of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the structural drawing of axial load maintainer in angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision centre bearer assembly assumption diagram of the present invention: figure (a) is three-dimensional shaft mapping, and figure (b) is front sectional view.
Fig. 6 is the radial dynamic parametric test mechanical model of bearing assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the axial dynamic parametric test mechanical model of bearing assembly of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is that letter dispersion confocal displacement meter CCSManager dynamic displacement test macro line frame graph is thought in Shanghai of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is that positive CRAS model analysis test macro line frame graph is pacified in Nanjing of the present invention.
Embodiment
Composition graphs 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the invention discloses a kind of angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision, for testing the dynamic parameter of angular contact ball bearing under different rotating speeds and Axial Loads in internal diameter Φ 30 ~ Φ 60, external diameter Φ 55 ~ Φ 110 scope.This device comprises leveling parallels 1, experiment porch 2, T-shaped substrate 3, displacement meter IPN type damping sheet 4, displacement meter support 5, bearing seat 6, setting circle pin 7, dive key 8, motor I PN type damping sheet 9, direct current generator 10, TS-B type spring coupling 11, exciter support 12, vibrator 13, reluctance head 14, axial load maintainer 15, bearing assembly 16, acceleration transducer 17, optical pen 18, CHB type digital display instrument 19, 24V direct supply 20, CCS type controller 21, first computing machine 22, signal condition instrument 23, data acquisition unit 24, second computer 25, power amplifier 26, machine governor 27, wherein, the quantity of displacement meter support is two, and each displacement meter support 5 includes displacement meter lower bolster 5a, displacement meter sliding block 5b, displacement meter lower feeding support 5c, displacement meter lower feeding screw rod 5d, displacement meter upper padding plate 5e, displacement meter top shoe 5f, optical pen retaining ring 5g, displacement meter upper feeding support 5h, displacement meter upper feeding screw rod 5i, displacement meter lower feeding spring 5j and displacement meter upper feeding spring 5k, wherein, the quantity of bearing seat is two, and each bearing seat 6 includes step 6a and top chock 6b, wherein, axial load maintainer 15 comprises resilient ring 15a, resilient ring backing plate 15b, right handed screw 15c, loads nut 15d, load bar 15e, left-handed screw 15f, force snesor backing plate 15g and force snesor 15h, wherein, bearing assembly 16 comprises set nut 16a, rotating shaft 16b, bearing 16c and bearing holder (housing, cover) 16d,
Experiment porch 2 is placed on leveling parallels 1, and T-shaped substrate 3 is fixed on experiment porch 2, T-shaped substrate 3 arranges bearing seat 6, displacement meter support 5 and direct current generator 10, the quantity of described bearing seat is two, one of them bearing seat is near direct current generator, the step 6a of each bearing seat 6 is all fixed on T-shaped substrate 3 by anti-turn bolt, a dive key 8 and four setting circle pins 7 are set between step 6a and T-shaped substrate 3, these four setting circle pins 7 are fixed on four angles of step 6a by interference fit is uniform, dive key 8 is fixed in the keyway of T-shaped substrate 3 by socket head cap screw, be positioned in the middle of step 6a bottom surface, this bearing seat 6 is by dive key 8, the mobile accuracy that setting circle pin 7 improves its axis respectively and the torsional error be reduced in T-shaped substrate 3 upper surface, top chock 6b is connected on step 6a, arranges two register pins between top chock 6b and step 6a, and two register pins are fixed on by interference fit on the diagonal angle of top chock 6b,
T-shaped substrate be arranged in parallel two identical displacement meter supports 5, two displacement meter supports 5 are between two bearing seats 6, the displacement meter lower bolster 5a of each displacement meter support 5 is all fixed on T-shaped substrate 3 by socket head cap screw, displacement meter IPN type damping sheet 4 is set between displacement meter lower bolster 5a and T-shaped substrate 3, displacement meter sliding block 5b is positioned at the top of displacement meter lower bolster 5a, displacement meter lower feeding spring 5j is set between displacement meter lower bolster 5a and displacement meter sliding block 5b, displacement meter lower feeding support 5c is fixed on displacement meter sliding block 5b side by socket head cap screw, displacement meter lower feeding screw rod 5d by thread connection in displacement meter lower feeding support 5c, the concave ball surfaces of displacement meter lower feeding screw rod 5d side withstands on the convex spherical of displacement meter lower bolster 5a side, displacement meter upper padding plate 5e is fixed on displacement meter sliding block 5b by socket head cap screw, displacement meter top shoe 5f is positioned at the top of displacement meter upper padding plate 5e, displacement meter upper feeding spring 5k is set between displacement meter upper padding plate 5e and displacement meter top shoe 5f, displacement meter upper feeding support 5h is fixed on displacement meter top shoe 5f side by socket head cap screw, displacement meter upper feeding screw rod 5i by thread connection in displacement meter upper feeding support 5h, the concave ball surfaces of displacement meter upper feeding screw rod 5i side withstands on the convex spherical of displacement meter upper padding plate 5e side, optical pen retaining ring 5g is fixed on displacement meter top shoe 5f by plus screw,
Direct current generator 10 is fixed on T-shaped substrate 3 by conventional hexagonal screw, motor I PN type damping sheet 9 is set between direct current generator 10 and T-shaped substrate 3, the input end of direct current generator 10 is connected in the output terminal of machine governor 27, and the output shaft of direct current generator 11 is fixed by one end of pin and TS-B type spring coupling 11;
Bearing assembly 16 is between top chock 6b and step 6a, bearing holder (housing, cover) 16d in described bearing assembly 16 is fixed on top chock 6b and step 6a by conventional hexagonal screw and tommy, the outer ring of bearing 16c is fixed in bearing holder (housing, cover) 16d by interference fit, inner ring is fixed on rotating shaft 16b by interference fit, set nut 16a by thread connection on rotating shaft 16b, this set nut 16a holds out against the inner ring of bearing 16c, and one end of rotating shaft 16b is fixed by the other end of pin and TS-B type spring coupling 11;
Axial load maintainer 15 is set between the inner side end of bearing holder (housing, cover) 16d, this axial load maintainer 15 adopts the twin-screw form of different thread rotary orientation, resilient ring backing plate 15b is enclosed within right handed screw 15c by clearance fit, resilient ring 15a pad is in resilient ring backing plate 15b one end and be enclosed within right handed screw 15c, polished rod one end of right handed screw 15c is inserted in the aperture of bearing holder (housing, cover) 16d inner face, resilient ring 14a is made to abut against on bearing holder (housing, cover) 16d inner side end, the other end of right handed screw 14c is connected in the one end loading nut 15d by right-hand thread, load bar 15e is inserted in the aperture around loading nut 15d, one end of left-handed screw 15f is connected in the other end loading nut 15d by left-hand thread (LHT), the other end of left-handed screw 15f is enclosed within force snesor backing plate 15g by clearance fit, the end face of force snesor 15h is fixed on force snesor backing plate 15g by plus screw, the convex spherical of the force snesor 15h other end withstands in the concave groove of bearing holder (housing, cover) 16d inner face, the output terminal of force snesor 15h is connected with the input end of CHB type digital display instrument 19,
Optical pen 18 is fixed in optical pen retaining ring 5g, the axis being parallel of optical pen 18 is in the upper surface of experiment porch 2, bulge loop surface, the side 15 ~ 20mm of the end face distance rotating shaft 16b of optical pen 18, the output terminal of optical pen 18 is connected with the input end of CCS type controller 21, the output terminal of CCS type controller 21 is connected with 24V direct supply 20, and CCS type controller 21 is connected with the first computing machine 22;
Exciter support 12 is positioned at above the side of experiment porch 2, exciter support 12 is connected with vibrator 13 by elastic threads, the front end of vibrator 13 is connected on reluctance head 14 by transmission lever, the axis being parallel of reluctance head 14 is in the upper plane of experiment porch 2, the middle bulge loop surface 5 ± 1.5mm of the end face distance rotating shaft 16b of reluctance head 14, acceleration transducer 17 is placed on the horizontal radial rooved face of bearing holder (housing, cover) 16d by magnetic chuck, the force signal output terminal of reluctance head 14 is connected with signal condition instrument 23 with the output terminal of acceleration transducer 17, the output terminal of signal condition instrument 23 is connected with the input end of data acquisition unit 24, data acquisition unit 24 is connected with second computer 25, the output terminal of data acquisition unit 24 and the input end of power amplifier 26, the output terminal of power amplifier 26 is connected with the input end of vibrator 13.
Wherein the first computing machine 22 is equipped with CCSManager software, second computer 25 is equipped with CRAS software.
The described spherical end face cylinder of displacement meter sliding block 5b inner face and the U-type groove clearance fit of displacement meter lower bolster 5a outer face, between the lower surface of displacement meter sliding block 5b and the upper surface of displacement meter lower bolster 5a, gap is within the scope of 0.5 ~ 1mm; The spherical end face cylinder of displacement meter top shoe 5f inner face and the U-type groove clearance fit of displacement meter lower bolster 5e outer face, between the lower surface of displacement meter sliding block 5f and the upper surface of displacement meter lower bolster 5e, gap is within the scope of 0.5 ~ 1mm.
Dive key 8 is clearance fit with the bottom key slot side of step 6a, and fits kind is F6/h5.
Experiment porch 2 upper surface of installation displacement meter IPN type damping sheet 4, motor I PN type damping sheet 9 and displacement meter lower bolster 5a lower surface roughness are within the scope of 0.63 ~ 1.25 μm.
The quantity of acceleration transducer 17 is four, and the quantity of optical pen 18 is two.
Experimental provision of the present invention also comprises leveling parallels 1, and the quantity of leveling parallels 1 is four, and these four leveling parallels 1 are separately positioned on four angles below experiment porch 2.
Specifically, experiment porch 2 is placed on four leveling parallels 1, wants the T-shaped substrate 3 of leveling, to improve the installation accuracy of vibrator 13 and optical pen 18 before experiment; T-shaped substrate 3 is fixed on experiment porch 2 by 22 M20 conventional hexagonal screws, will screw all joint bolts before experiment, to improve the modal parameter of its fixed combinating surface, reduces the impact on bearing engagement surface modal parameter; Displacement meter support 5 is fixed on experiment porch 2 by six M6 socket head cap screws and displacement meter IPN type damping sheet 4, will screw all screws before experiment, to reduce the impact of basic components vibration on optical pen position in experimentation; Direct current generator 10 is fixed on experiment porch 2 by six M14 conventional hexagonal screws, to reduce the unbalance vibration of direct current generator 10, reduces the impact of countershaft vibratory response, improves measuring accuracy; The output shaft of direct current generator 10 is connected with rotating shaft by Φ 8 pin, to ensure that the transport of rotary motion is for 100%; Adopt four axial load maintainers 15, to improve loading accuracy and to increase maximum bearing test load; The axial load size applied can directly read from CHB type digital display instrument 19, and bearing rotating speed can directly read from the display panel of machine governor 27; After axial load loaded and bearing rotary are stablized, the computing machine 22 of opening installation CCSManager software and the computing machine 25 of installation CRAS software respectively, run CCSManager software and CRAS software, and open modal test excitation system and dynamic microdisplacement test macro, pick up the vibration acceleration signal of the force signal of reluctance head 14, the vibration displacement signal of rotating shaft 16b test point and bearing holder (housing, cover) 16d test point simultaneously.
Composition graphs 1, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, the test ultimate principle of angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision is for research object with bearing assembly 16, set up the single-degree-of-freedom dynamic parametric test mechanical model eliminating basis (bearing holder (housing, cover) 16d) vibratory response, identify axial, radial dynamic rate and the damping of bearing.In the process of this device to test with identification, rotating shaft 16b enough large for physical dimension is considered as mass M, the bearing holder (housing, cover) 16d of fixed constraint in bearing seat 6 is considered as mass of foundation block M
0, the dynamic contact characteristic of balls all in bearing 16c is equivalent to array spring-damping element, according to the character in parallel of spring, can be radial and axial single-freedom vibration system by this equivalent model simplification; Using the displacement signal of test point on rotating shaft 16b as mass vibratory response, by vibratory response based on the acceleration signal of test point on bearing holder (housing, cover) 16d.
Suppose that exciting force signal is f (t), mass vibration response signal is x
mt (), mass of foundation block vibration response signal is a
bt (), first apply the test figure x (t) that least square fitting obtains, then differentiate obtains corresponding acceleration information a
mt (), finally uses the LEVY method Modal Parameter Identification program of independently writing to obtain the radial direction of bearing, axial dynamic rate and damping.
Composition graphs 6, when mass M be subject to radial harmonic excitation power f (t) act on time, its oscillatory differential equation can be expressed as
In formula: M is rotating shaft, the inner ring of two bearings and the quality sum of all balls of single bearing, K
r, C
rbe respectively radial dynamic rate and the damping of bearing assembly, x
m(t), x
bt () is respectively the radial response displacement of rotating shaft, basis (bearing holder (housing, cover)).
Following Fourier transform is carried out to formula (1): x
m(t)=X
m(ω) e
j ω t, x
b(t)=X
b(ω) e
j ω twith f (t)=F (ω) e
j ω t, abbreviation can by mass M, stiffness K
r, damping C
rthe single-freedom vibration system displacement frequency response function H of composition
dR(ω) be
Wherein:
In formula: H
x-Y(ω) be rotating shaft and the frequency response function phasor difference on basis; H
y(ω) displacement frequency response function based on.
Therefore, through type (2), can identify corresponding to the model frequency ω under the radial translational mode shape of bearing assembly according to half-power bandwidth method
nRwith damping ratios ξ
r.
And then the radial dynamic rate of single bearing and damping can be obtained by following formula
C
R0=Mω
nRξ
R（4）
Composition graphs 7, when mass M be subject to axial harmonic excitation power f (t) act on time, its oscillatory differential equation can be expressed as
In formula: M is rotating shaft, the inner ring of two bearings and the quality sum of all balls of single bearing, K
a, C
abe respectively axial dynamic rate and the damping of bearing assembly, x
m(t), x
bt () is respectively the axial response displacement on rotating shaft, basis.
Following Fourier transform is carried out to formula (5): x
m(t)=X
m(ω) e
j ω t, x
b(t)=X
b(ω) e
j ω twith f (t)=F (ω) e
j ω t, abbreviation can by mass M, stiffness K
a, damping C
athe single-freedom vibration system displacement frequency response function H of composition
dA(ω) be
Wherein:
In formula: H
x-Y(ω) be rotating shaft and the frequency response function phasor difference on basis; H
y(ω) displacement frequency response function based on.
Therefore, through type (6), can identify corresponding to the model frequency ω under the axial translational mode shape of bearing assembly according to half-power bandwidth method
nAwith damping ratios ξ
a.
And then the axial dynamic rate of single bearing and damping can be obtained by following formula
C
A0=Mω
nAξ
A（8）
As from the foregoing, experimental provision structure of the present invention is simple, easy to operate, positioning precision and measuring accuracy higher, test philosophy is rigorous clear, highly versatile, can meet the requirement of angular contact ball bearing dynamic parameter of different size series under test different rotating speeds and axial load condition.
Claims (6)
1. an angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision, it is characterized in that, comprise experiment porch (2), T-shaped substrate (3), displacement meter IPN type damping sheet (4), two identical displacement meter supports (5), bearing seat (6), setting circle pin (7), dive key (8), motor I PN type damping sheet (9), direct current generator (10), TS-B type spring coupling (11), exciter support (12), vibrator (13), reluctance head (14), axial load maintainer (15), bearing assembly (16), acceleration transducer (17), optical pen (18), CHB type digital display instrument (19), 24V direct supply (20), CCS type controller (21), first computing machine (22), signal condition instrument (23), data acquisition unit (24), second computer (25), power amplifier (26), machine governor (27), wherein, each displacement meter support (5) includes displacement meter lower bolster (5a), displacement meter sliding block (5b), displacement meter lower feeding support (5c), displacement meter lower feeding screw rod (5d), displacement meter upper padding plate (5e), displacement meter top shoe (5f), optical pen retaining ring (5g), displacement meter upper feeding support (5h), displacement meter upper feeding screw rod (5i), displacement meter lower feeding spring (5j) and displacement meter upper feeding spring (5k), bearing seat (6) comprises step (6a) and top chock (6b), axial load maintainer (15) comprises resilient ring (15a), resilient ring backing plate (15b), right handed screw (15c), loads nut (15d), load bar (15e), left-handed screw (15f), force snesor backing plate (15g) and force snesor (15h), bearing assembly (16) comprises set nut (16a), rotating shaft (16b), bearing (16c) and bearing holder (housing, cover) (16d),
T-shaped substrate (3) is fixed on experiment porch (2), T-shaped substrate (3) is arranged bearing seat (6), displacement meter support (5) and direct current generator (10), the quantity of described bearing seat (6) is two, one of them bearing seat is near direct current generator (10), the step (6a) of each bearing seat (6) is all fixed on T-shaped substrate (3) by anti-turn bolt, a dive key (8) and four setting circle pins (7) are set between step (6a) and T-shaped substrate (3), these four setting circle pins (7) are fixed on four angles of step (6a) by interference fit is uniform, dive key (8) is fixed on by socket head cap screw in the keyway of T-shaped substrate (3), this dive key (8) is positioned in the middle of the bottom surface of step (6a), this bearing seat (6) is by dive key (8), the mobile accuracy that setting circle pin (7) improves its axis respectively and the torsional error be reduced in T-shaped substrate (3) upper surface, top chock (6b) is connected on step (6a), between top chock (6b) and step (6a), arrange two register pins, two register pins are fixed on by interference fit on the diagonal angle of top chock (6b),
T-shaped substrate (3) be arranged in parallel two identical displacement meter supports (5), these two displacement meter supports (5) are between two bearing seats, the displacement meter lower bolster (5a) of each displacement meter support (5) is all fixed on T-shaped substrate (3) by socket head cap screw, displacement meter IPN type damping sheet (4) is set between displacement meter lower bolster (5a) and T-shaped substrate (3), displacement meter sliding block (5b) is positioned at the top of displacement meter lower bolster (5a), displacement meter lower feeding spring (5j) is set between displacement meter lower bolster (5a) and displacement meter sliding block (5b), the direction of extension of displacement meter lower feeding spring (5j) is consistent with the direction of feed of displacement meter lower feeding screw rod (5d), displacement meter lower feeding support (5c) is fixed on the side of displacement meter sliding block (5b) by socket head cap screw, displacement meter lower feeding screw rod (5d) is with the side of lower feeding support (5c) perpendicular in displacement meter lower feeding support (5c) by thread connection, the concave ball surfaces of displacement meter lower feeding screw rod (5d) one end withstands on the convex spherical of displacement meter lower bolster (5a) side, displacement meter upper padding plate (5e) is fixed on displacement meter sliding block (5b) by socket head cap screw, displacement meter top shoe (5f) is positioned at the top of displacement meter upper padding plate (5e), displacement meter upper feeding spring (5k) is set between displacement meter upper padding plate (5e) and displacement meter top shoe (5f), the direction of extension of displacement meter upper feeding spring (5k) is consistent with the direction of feed of displacement meter upper feeding screw rod (5i), displacement meter upper feeding support (5h) is fixed on displacement meter top shoe (5f) side by socket head cap screw, displacement meter upper feeding screw rod (5i) is with the side of displacement meter upper feeding support (5h) perpendicular in displacement meter upper feeding support (5h) by thread connection, described displacement meter upper feeding screw rod (5i) is perpendicular with displacement meter lower feeding screw rod (5d), the concave ball surfaces of displacement meter upper feeding screw rod (5i) one end withstands on the convex spherical of displacement meter upper padding plate (5e) side, optical pen retaining ring (5g) is fixed on displacement meter top shoe (5f) by plus screw,
Direct current generator (10) is fixed on T-shaped substrate (3) by conventional hexagonal screw, motor I PN type damping sheet (9) is set between direct current generator (10) and T-shaped substrate (3), direct current generator (10) is connected with machine governor (27), and the output shaft of direct current generator (10) is fixed by one end of pin and TS-B type spring coupling (11);
Bearing assembly (16) is set between top chock (6b) and step (6a), bearing holder (housing, cover) (16d) in described bearing assembly (16) is fixed on top chock (6b) and step (6a) by conventional hexagonal screw and tommy, the outer ring of bearing (16c) is fixed in bearing holder (housing, cover) (16d) by interference fit, the inner ring of bearing (16c) is fixed in rotating shaft (16b) by interference fit, set nut (16a) by thread connection in rotating shaft (16b), this set nut (16a) holds out against the inner ring of bearing (16c), one end of rotating shaft (16b) is fixed by the other end of pin and TS-B type spring coupling (11), described rotating shaft (16b) is between two bearing seats,
Four axial load maintainers (15) are set between the inner side end of bearing holder (housing, cover) (16d), these four axial load maintainers (15) are identical, all adopt the twin-screw form of different thread rotary orientation, resilient ring backing plate (15b) is enclosed within right handed screw (15c) by clearance fit, resilient ring (15a) pads in resilient ring backing plate (15b) one end and is enclosed within right handed screw (15c), polished rod one end of right handed screw (15c) is inserted in the aperture of bearing holder (housing, cover) (16d) inner face, resilient ring (14a) is made to abut against on bearing holder (housing, cover) (16d) inner side end, the other end of right handed screw (14c) is connected in the one end loading nut (15d) by right-hand thread, the middle part circumference loading nut (15d) arranges some apertures, load bar (15e) is inserted in the aperture at loading nut (15d) middle part, one end of left-handed screw (15f) is connected in the other end loading nut (15d) by left-hand thread (LHT), the other end of left-handed screw (15f) is enclosed within force snesor backing plate (15g) by clearance fit, the end face of force snesor (15h) is fixed on force snesor backing plate (15g) by plus screw, the convex spherical of force snesor (15h) other end withstands in the concave groove of bearing holder (housing, cover) (16d) inner face, the output terminal of force snesor (15h) is connected with the input end of CHB type digital display instrument (19),
Optical pen (18) is fixed in optical pen retaining ring (5g), the axis being parallel of optical pen (18) is in the upper surface of experiment porch (2), bulge loop surface, the side 15 ~ 20mm of the end face distance rotating shaft (16b) of optical pen (18), the output terminal of optical pen (18) is connected with the input end of CCS type controller (21), the output terminal of CCS type controller (21) is connected with 24V direct supply (20), and CCS type controller (21) is connected with the first computing machine (22);
Exciter support (12) is positioned at the side of experiment porch (2), vibrator (13) is connected on exciter support (12) by elastic threads, the front end of vibrator (13) is connected on reluctance head (14) by transmission lever, the axis being parallel of reluctance head (14) is in the upper plane of experiment porch (2), the middle bulge loop surface 5 ± 1.5mm of the end face distance rotating shaft (16b) of reluctance head (14), acceleration transducer (17) is placed on the horizontal radial rooved face of bearing holder (housing, cover) (16d) by magnetic chuck, the force signal output terminal of reluctance head (14) is all connected with signal condition instrument (23) with the output terminal of acceleration transducer (17), the output terminal of signal condition instrument (23) is connected with the input end of data acquisition unit (24), data acquisition unit (24) is connected with second computer (25), the output terminal of data acquisition unit (24) is connected with the input end of power amplifier (26), the output terminal of power amplifier (26) is connected with the input end of vibrator (13).
2. angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the spherical end face cylinder of displacement meter sliding block (5b) inner face and the U-type groove clearance fit of displacement meter lower bolster (5a) outer face, between the lower surface of displacement meter sliding block (5b) and the upper surface of displacement meter lower bolster (5a), gap is 0.5 ~ 1mm; The spherical end face cylinder of displacement meter top shoe (5f) inner face and the U-type groove clearance fit of displacement meter lower bolster (5e) outer face, between the lower surface of displacement meter sliding block (5f) and the upper surface of displacement meter lower bolster (5e), gap is 0.5 ~ 1mm.
3. angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision according to claim 1, is characterized in that, dive key (8) is clearance fit with the bottom key slot side of step (6a), and fits kind is F6/h5.
4. angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, experiment porch (2) upper surface of installation displacement meter IPN type damping sheet (4), motor I PN type damping sheet (9) and displacement meter lower bolster (5a) lower surface roughness are within the scope of 0.63 ~ 1.25 μm.
5. angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the quantity of acceleration transducer (17) is four, and the quantity of optical pen (18) is two.
6. angular contact ball bearing dynamic parametric test experimental provision according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise leveling parallels (1), the quantity of leveling parallels (1) is four, and these four leveling parallels (1) are separately positioned on four angles of experiment porch (2) below.
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| CN104251764B (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2017-02-15 | 清华大学 | Rolling bearing vibration detection device and analysis method |
| CN107330158B (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2020-11-06 | 南京航空航天大学 | Bearing equivalent radial stiffness recognition method based on local fine contact model |
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