CN106248482A - A kind of Triaxial tester being applicable to soft rock and method - Google Patents
A kind of Triaxial tester being applicable to soft rock and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106248482A CN106248482A CN201610540961.0A CN201610540961A CN106248482A CN 106248482 A CN106248482 A CN 106248482A CN 201610540961 A CN201610540961 A CN 201610540961A CN 106248482 A CN106248482 A CN 106248482A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014121 butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009533 lab test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010721 machine oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011089 mechanical engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000518 rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000974 shear rheometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/005—Electromagnetic means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Triaxial tester being applicable to soft rock and method.Device part mainly includes base, and base is fixedly connected with support;Cradle top is fixing with Z axis stress loading mechanism to be connected;Support bottom is by X-axis stress loading mechanism and Y-axis stress loading mechanism supports;Described X-axis stress loading mechanism is positioned at above Y-axis stress loading mechanism, and X-axis stress loading mechanism has locating piece;Wherein, described X-axis stress loading mechanism and Y-axis stress loading mechanism are respectively provided with the increased pressure board driven by lead screw pair.This device is by designing brand-new structure, and uses single-shaft oil cylinder to carry out three axle pressurizations with the form of other two axle non-oil cylinder load maintainer combination so that it is controlled loading power that can be exactly accurate, to realize the mechanical attribute research to soft rock.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to mechanical engineering and Geotechnical Engineering correlative technology field, specifically, relate to one and be applicable to soft
The Triaxial tester of weak property rock and method.
Background technology
Along with the development and utilization of the underground space, Large Underground in buried overlength large span tunnel, hydroelectric project,
The excavation of steep high rock matter Artificial Side-slope etc. gets more and more, and under three-dimensional stress state, the failure mechanism research of rock mass has become as rock
Mechanics and the focus of engineering circles.
By rock triaxial test machine, rock sample is carried out three axial pressure during laboratory experiment, observed and recorded rock
Mechanical behavior.Conventional rock triaxial test machine, expensive cost is high, and the big need of relevant device floor space take bigger
Laboratory, the quality that simultaneously tests a machine is the most not easily shifted.
Rock triaxial test machine can load the mechanical attribute obtaining most rock materials by three axles, and in weakness
During the rock stone applied voltage test of broken material, due to the limpness of part rock material, under minimum pressure, rock stone is just
Can be crushed, three therefore conventional shafting oil cylinder adding pressure type testing machines are difficult to gather the mechanics parameter of weak broken rock test specimen.And
Shop test equipment again limit specimen size, so, need to solve to carry out the triaxial test plant issue of various sample size,
And reduce current specimen size span.
In sum, how to design a kind of device that can be applicable to weak character rock three axle load test, be ability
The problem that field technique personnel need solution badly.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to as overcoming above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, it is provided that a kind of three axles being applicable to soft rock
Assay device.This device is by designing brand-new structure, and uses single-shaft oil cylinder to combine with other two axle non-oil cylinder load maintainer
Form carry out three axle pressurizations so that it is controlled loading power that can be exactly accurate, to realize the mechanical attribute to soft rock
Research.
In order to reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of Triaxial tester being applicable to soft rock, including:
Base, base is fixedly connected with support;
Cradle top is fixing with Z axis stress loading mechanism to be connected;
Support bottom is by X-axis stress loading mechanism and Y-axis stress loading mechanism supports;
Described X-axis stress loading mechanism is positioned at above Y-axis stress loading mechanism, and X-axis stress loading mechanism has location
Block;
Wherein, described X-axis stress loading mechanism and Y-axis stress loading mechanism are respectively provided with the pressurization driven by lead screw pair
Plate.Drive increased pressure board to move by lead screw pair, can make increased pressure board that soft rock is applied suitable pressure follow-up to be easy to
Research.
Preferably, described Y-axis stress loading mechanism is the oil cylinder being vertically arranged.
Preferably, described X-axis stress loading mechanism includes the shell being connected with described support;
There is in shell driving motor, drive motor to drive two increased pressure boards relatively or reverse motions by lead screw pair;
Increased pressure board is guided by slide rail pair;
Wherein, the leading screw in described lead screw pair is positive and negative silk leading screw.Motion by positive and negative silk leading screw, it is possible to achieve same
Two increased pressure boards on one leading screw are synchronized with the movement.
Preferably, described Y-axis stress loading mechanism includes the shell being connected with described support;
There is in shell driving motor, drive motor to drive two increased pressure boards relatively or reverse motions by lead screw pair;
Increased pressure board is guided by slide rail pair;
Wherein, the leading screw in described lead screw pair is positive and negative silk leading screw.
Preferably, described driving motor is servomotor or motor.
Preferably, described X-axis stress loading mechanism has sample holder, there is in sample holder place kick;
Sample holder forms multi-directional ball fit structure with place kick;
One end of support bar is fixing with place kick to be connected, and the other end of support bar is fixing with locating piece to be connected.This structure can
So that after sample is positioned on locating piece, move freely until centering center when receiving external force.
Preferably, within the orthographic projection of described locating piece is positioned at the orthographic projection of sample holder.
Preferably, the piston rod of described oil cylinder is provided with pressure transducer, pressure transducer and information acquisition system phase
Connect.
Preferably, described increased pressure board being provided with pressure transducer, pressure transducer is connected with information acquisition system.
Thering is provided while said structure scheme, present invention also offers and a kind of apply said apparatus to carry out the side tested
Method, mainly comprises the steps:
A, sample is positioned on locating piece;
B, LingZZhou stress loading mechanism and sample contacts, leveling sample;
C, X-axis and Y-axis stress loading mechanism is made to be synchronized with the movement, until increased pressure board is fitted with sample;
D, making Z axis, X-axis and Y-axis stress loading mechanism pressurize to sample, record increased pressure board displacement simultaneously becomes with sample stress
Change.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) information acquisition system can gather displacement and the stress information of rock sample automatically.
(2) assay device is applicable to multi-scale rock sample, it is achieved the loading of rock sample, unloading under different specification size
And rheological experiment.
(3) lateral stress load ensure that the synchronicity of pressurization by leading screw pressurization, and screw mechanism controls offer simultaneously
Low stress can be used for the loading of weak broken rock test specimen, unloading, rheological experiment.
(4) device structure is simple, with low cost, convenient use.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cooperation figure of sample holder in the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of X-axis and Y-axis stress loading mechanism in the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the free state schematic diagram of sample holder in the present invention;
In figure: 1, support, 2, Z axis stress loading mechanism, 3, Y-axis stress loading mechanism, 4, X-axis stress loading mechanism, 5,
Connecting plate, 6, locating piece, 7, increased pressure board, 8, shell, 9, sample, 10, support bar, 11, sample holder, 12, place kick, 13, bearing
Seat, the 14, first slide block, 15, slide rail, 16, positive and negative silk leading screw, the 17, second slide block, 18, base plate, 19, drive motor, 20, pressure
Sensor, 21, information acquisition system, 22, base.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment: a kind of Triaxial tester being applicable to soft rock, its structure as Figure 1-3, including:
Base 22, base 22 is fixedly connected with support 1;Described support 1 is hollow structure, support 1 have side plate and with
Side plate fixes the cross top board of connection, the mid portion of cross top board lower surface and fixing company of Z axis stress loading mechanism 2
Connect.
Side plate is divided into upper and lower two parts, and lower part is fixing with base 22 to be connected, and upper part is fixing with cross top board to be connected,
Fix with stress loading mechanism between upper part with lower part and be connected.
Stress loading mechanism includes two, respectively ShiXZhou stress loading mechanism 4 and Y-axis stress loading mechanism 3, described X-axis
Stress loading mechanism 4 is positioned at above Y-axis stress loading mechanism 3.
The structure of two stress loading mechanisms is identical, and it is mutually perpendicular to.Arbitrary stress loading mechanism all includes shell 8,
Shell 8 is internal has base plate 18, base plate 18 is provided with two bearing blocks 13, is provided with positive and negative silk leading screw between two bearings seat 13
16, this positive and negative silk leading screw 16 is driven motor 19 to drive, and the both sides of positive and negative silk leading screw 16 are slide rail 15.
Positive silk and anti-silk part on positive and negative silk leading screw 16, be separately installed with the first slide block 14 and the second slide block 17, and two is sliding
Being respectively provided with the screw suitable with described positive silk or anti-silk inside block, two slide blocks are all guided by slide rail 15.By driving motor 19
Driving, then two slide blocks can be carried out relatively close or are located remotely from each other motion.
Meanwhile, each slide block is all connected with a connecting plate 5, and the top of connecting plate 5 is fixing with increased pressure board 7 to be connected.Difference
Being, connecting plate 5 length in Y-axis stress loading mechanism 3 is relatively big, and the upper and lower surface that the most just can make four increased pressure boards 7 is equal
It is in same level.
The structure of four increased pressure boards 7, size are the most identical with material, this makes it possible to further improve load on sample
The evenness of stress.Meanwhile, each increased pressure board 7 is internal is mounted on pressure transducer 20, in order to by sample 9 pressure experienced
Signal is transferred to information acquisition system 21.
Selecting as one, described can be oil cylinder in Z axis stress loading mechanism 2, or other have planar structure
The mechanism of loading surface, simultaneously, it is also desirable to a pressure transducer 20 is installed in Z axis stress loading mechanism 2.
From the point of view of being easy to control, described driving motor 19 can be chosen as motor or servomotor, so
Just can further improve measuring accuracy, it is simple to control the stroke of increased pressure board 7, come the change by increased pressure board 7 displacement, sample
9 subjected to stress change and crush the mechanical characteristic of information summary research sample 9.
For the sample of unlike material, the flatness on its surface is not quite similar.Feel relieved for the ease of sample, this device
In also in X-axis stress loading mechanism 4, be fixedly connected with a sample holder 11, there is ball-type groove, in groove in sample holder 11
Being provided with place kick 12, place kick 12 and sample holder 11 form universal ball structure.Place kick simultaneously 12 is connected with support bar 10,
Strut 10 is fixing with locating piece 6 to be connected, and locating piece 6 is used for placing sample.
After have employed above-mentioned location structure, sample 9 just can be placed on locating piece 6, and locating piece 6 can freely turn
Dynamic, it becomes possible to during pressure-loaded, to make sample 9 automatic capturing center, improve the accuracy of sample precision.
With reference to shown in Fig. 5, as more preferably selecting, the orthographic projection of described locating piece 6 be positioned at sample holder 11 orthographic projection it
In.So can make sample that certain deflection occurs in the case of being not affected by external force, but be affected by action of gravity will not be from fixed
Landing on the block 6 of position.
It is important to note that during testing, it is necessary to assure the orthographic projection of sample is than sample holder 11
Orthographic projection is bigger, so can ensure that increased pressure board 7 can add to be pressed on sample 9 rather than add and be pressed on sample holder 11.
Simultaneously in order to ensure the precision of triaxial test, can carry out friction-reducing measures with increased pressure board 7, its effect is to reduce sample
And the friction between increased pressure board.I.e. sticking the thin film of folder lubricant between increased pressure board 7 and sample face, lubricant can use butter
Mixture with machine oil.
The process utilizing this device to carry out testing is as follows:
A, sample 9 is positioned on locating piece 6;
B, the piston rod of oil cylinder is made to extend, until contacting with sample end face, it is ensured that sample upper and lower surface is close to level;
C, make the driving motor 19 of X-axis and Y-axis stress loading mechanism rotate, then four increased pressure boards 7 synchronize to lean on to sample 9
Closely, until increased pressure board 7 is fitted with sample 9;
D, continue to make two to drive electric machine rotations, and make the piston rod of oil cylinder persistently extend, it is achieved three axles of sample 9 are added
Pressure;During pressurization, record increased pressure board 7 displacement and sample 9 STRESS VARIATION.
Information acquisition system 21 gathers the force value in 3 directions, the multiple side of sample and the deformation values of end face simultaneously, and remembers
The record time.And the figure formed between each data and each data can be browsed on software interface at any time.It is attached on increased pressure board
Pressure transducer by the displacement of rock and pressure changing information as electronic signals, is transferred to computer, passes through corresponding software
Display rock pressure experienced value size in real time.
Because driving motor can be chosen as servomotor, and servomotor and computer can forming closed loop control, because of
This can calculate the displacement of increased pressure board by the rotation number of turns of servomotor, and the displacement synchronous of increased pressure board is recorded in software
In, and then consider the mechanical characteristic of soft rock.
After have employed said structure, this device can carry out multi-scale rock and the single shaft of concrete, twin shaft test and
Rock mass and the medium-sized direct shear test of structural plane, it is also possible to carry out the tests such as the long-term rheology of true triaxial of middle size rock, shear rheology.
Described above to the disclosed embodiments, makes professional and technical personnel in the field be capable of or uses the present invention.
Multiple amendment to embodiment will be apparent from for those skilled in the art, as defined herein typically
Principle can realize without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention in other embodiments, is not described in detail
The part presented with partial enlargement, for prior art, does not repeats at this.Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to herein
These shown embodiments, and it is to fit to the widest scope consistent with principles disclosed herein and feature.
Claims (10)
1. the Triaxial tester being applicable to soft rock, it is characterised in that including:
Base, base is fixedly connected with support;
Cradle top is fixing with Z axis stress loading mechanism to be connected;
Support bottom is by X-axis stress loading mechanism and Y-axis stress loading mechanism supports;
Described X-axis stress loading mechanism is positioned at above Y-axis stress loading mechanism, and X-axis stress loading mechanism has locating piece;
Wherein, described X-axis stress loading mechanism and Y-axis stress loading mechanism are respectively provided with the increased pressure board driven by lead screw pair.
Triaxial tester the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Y-axis stress loading mechanism is for vertically to set
The oil cylinder put.
Triaxial tester the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described X-axis stress loading mechanism includes and institute
State the shell that support connects;
There is in shell driving motor, drive motor to drive two increased pressure boards relatively or reverse motions by lead screw pair;
Increased pressure board is guided by slide rail pair;
Wherein, the leading screw in described lead screw pair is positive and negative silk leading screw.
Triaxial tester the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described Y-axis stress loading mechanism includes and institute
State the shell that support connects;
There is in shell driving motor, drive motor to drive two increased pressure boards relatively or reverse motions by lead screw pair;
Increased pressure board is guided by slide rail pair;
Wherein, the leading screw in described lead screw pair is positive and negative silk leading screw.
5. according to the Triaxial tester described in claim 3 or 4, it is characterised in that described driving motor be servomotor or
Motor.
Triaxial tester the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in described X-axis stress loading mechanism, there is examination
Sample seat, has place kick in sample holder;
Sample holder forms multi-directional ball fit structure with place kick;
One end of support bar is fixing with place kick to be connected, and the other end of support bar is fixing with locating piece to be connected.
Triaxial tester the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the orthographic projection of described locating piece is positioned at sample holder
Orthographic projection within.
Triaxial tester the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that be provided with pressure on the piston rod of described oil cylinder
Sensor, pressure transducer is connected with information acquisition system.
Triaxial tester the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that be provided with pressure sensing on described increased pressure board
Device, pressure transducer is connected with information acquisition system.
10. the method that the Triaxial tester applied described in any one of claim 1-9 carries out testing, it is characterised in that
Step is as follows:
A, sample is positioned on locating piece;
B, LingZZhou stress loading mechanism and sample contacts, leveling sample;
C, X-axis and Y-axis stress loading mechanism is made to be synchronized with the movement, until increased pressure board is fitted with sample;
D, Z axis, X-axis and Y-axis stress loading mechanism is made to pressurize to sample, record increased pressure board displacement simultaneously and sample STRESS VARIATION.
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CN201610540961.0A CN106248482B (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2016-07-08 | Triaxial test device and method suitable for weak rock |
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CN201610540961.0A CN106248482B (en) | 2016-07-08 | 2016-07-08 | Triaxial test device and method suitable for weak rock |
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CN106248482B CN106248482B (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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Cited By (6)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN107764636A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-03-06 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of deformation measuring device and method of cuboid rock sample conventional triaxial compression test |
CN109001037A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-12-14 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | A kind of mud stone drying and watering cycle slaking test equipment that true stress condition is provided |
CN109187206A (en) * | 2018-08-18 | 2019-01-11 | 中山大学 | A kind of true triaxial pressure chamber that engineering soft rock catastrophe overall process is visual |
CN109668753A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-23 | 杭州邦威机电控制工程有限公司 | A kind of large space node and typical structure multipurpose load host |
CN115683800A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-02-03 | 中南大学 | Multifunctional multi-module rock mechanical test system |
CN118225553A (en) * | 2024-05-23 | 2024-06-21 | 南通研创石油科技有限公司 | Triaxial pressurization test device for rock sample |
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Cited By (11)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN107764636A (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2018-03-06 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of deformation measuring device and method of cuboid rock sample conventional triaxial compression test |
CN107764636B (en) * | 2017-10-23 | 2019-04-19 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of deformation measuring device and method of cuboid rock sample conventional triaxial compression test |
CN109001037A (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2018-12-14 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | A kind of mud stone drying and watering cycle slaking test equipment that true stress condition is provided |
CN109001037B (en) * | 2018-06-12 | 2021-01-15 | 中国地质大学(武汉) | Mud rock dry-wet cycle disintegration test equipment providing real stress condition |
CN109187206A (en) * | 2018-08-18 | 2019-01-11 | 中山大学 | A kind of true triaxial pressure chamber that engineering soft rock catastrophe overall process is visual |
CN109668753A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-23 | 杭州邦威机电控制工程有限公司 | A kind of large space node and typical structure multipurpose load host |
CN109668753B (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2024-03-15 | 杭州邦威机电控制工程有限公司 | Large-scale space node and typical structure multipurpose loading host |
CN115683800A (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2023-02-03 | 中南大学 | Multifunctional multi-module rock mechanical test system |
CN115683800B (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2024-05-17 | 中南大学 | Multi-functional multi-module rock mechanics test system |
CN118225553A (en) * | 2024-05-23 | 2024-06-21 | 南通研创石油科技有限公司 | Triaxial pressurization test device for rock sample |
CN118225553B (en) * | 2024-05-23 | 2024-09-06 | 南通研创石油科技有限公司 | Triaxial pressurization test device for rock sample |
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CN106248482B (en) | 2019-12-24 |
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