CN203037461U - Bearing dynamic characteristic parameter testing apparatus - Google Patents
Bearing dynamic characteristic parameter testing apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN203037461U CN203037461U CN 201320034433 CN201320034433U CN203037461U CN 203037461 U CN203037461 U CN 203037461U CN 201320034433 CN201320034433 CN 201320034433 CN 201320034433 U CN201320034433 U CN 201320034433U CN 203037461 U CN203037461 U CN 203037461U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a bearing dynamic characteristic parameter testing apparatus, composed of an instrument and equipment system and testing apparatuses. The instrument and equipment system comprises a data collector, a signal conditioning instrument, a power amplifier, a digital display instrument, a vibration exciter, a reluctance head, piezoelectric type accelerometers and an electronic computer; the testing apparatuses comprise a cast iron flat, an installation substrate, a bearing pedestal, a bearing sleeve, bearings, a mandrel, a shaft end nut, a pre-tightening nut, a rubber spring, an axial loading apparatus, a radial loading apparatus, a pre-tightening apparatus, a support, elastic ropes, etc. The bearing dynamic characteristic parameter testing apparatus has the characteristics of compact structure and clear test principles; the loading apparatuses have no poles to adjust; the bearing dynamic characteristic parameter testing apparatus can measure bearing dynamic characteristic parameters at different axial force, radial force and pre-tightening force loading states; in measurement, exciting force effecting directions go through an axial lead of the mandrel, and meanwhile vibration signals of bearing internal and external circles can be measured and influence of bearing external circle signals can be eliminated in process of calculating system displacement frequency response functions, the efficiency, precision and stability being high.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation, particularly can the dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation of test angles contact ball bearing under different operating loading.
Background technology
In physical construction, there are all kinds of Machine Joint Surfaces in a large number, the contact stiffness of these faying faces and damping pointed out such as people such as Burdekin that the contact stiffness of faying face accounted for 60～80% of lathe global stiffness in the lathe to the performance important influence of physical construction in 1979 in research paper.
The bearing dynamic perfromance comes down to spindle and holds contact stiffness between the rolling surface of contact between Internal and external cycle and the rolling body, is a key factor that influences machine dynamic characteristics.Bearing is to use a kind of mechanical supporting device extremely widely, and at present the bearing that adopts of high-speed rotating machine mainly contains rolling bearing, sliding bearing, magnetic suspension bearing and air-bearing etc., wherein most widely used general, cost is minimum is rolling bearing.Angular contact ball bearing is compared with other types of bearings, have simple in structure, can bear characteristics such as radial and axial load, easy care simultaneously.High-speed along with what high-grade, digitally controlled machine tools were put forward, high precision, requirements such as high stability also become the emphasis that people pay close attention to day by day as the bearing dynamic perfromance of its main support unit.
Consult bearing parameter proving installation in the past, majority is partial to measure the parameter of single factors lower bearing, tested object is also usually only at single bearing, in order to obtain different operating mode lower bearing dynamic characteristic parameters supporting the modern mechanical structure Design, so a kind of test philosophy of utility model is correct, mechanism simple and it is significant to test different operating mode lower bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installations.
The utility model content
The technical matters that the utility model solves be (provide a kind of can the test angles contact ball bearing proving installation of dynamic characteristic parameter axially and radially, this device needs to satisfy following the requirement: test philosophy is correct, and structural design is simple, and measuring accuracy is high.) provide a kind of and have that test philosophy is correct, structural design is simple, measuring accuracy is high and can measure axially and the angular contact ball bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation of characteristics such as dynamic characteristic parameter radially.
The technical solution that realizes the utility model purpose is:
A kind of bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation comprises test unit and instrument and equipment system; Described test unit comprises cast iron platform, installation base plate, step, top chock, bearing holder (housing, cover), pre-load nut, pretension bolt platform, pretension screw rod, elastic threads, rubber spring, support, axle, loading screw rod, load bar, radial loaded frame, axial bolts platform, feather key, shaft end nut, bearing, transmission bar; Described instrument and equipment system comprises vibrator, reluctance head, piezoelectric acceleration transducer, static(al) sensor, signal condition instrument, data acquisition unit, power amplifier, robot calculator, digital displaying meter; Wherein, installation base plate is fixed on the cast iron platform, the installation base plate upper surface is milled with T type groove and keyway, two steps are assemblied on the installation base plate, wherein, a step is fixed on the installation base plate, another step is fixed by bolts on the installation base plate, and the step lower surface is equipped with feather key, and top chock and step assembly the split box seat, bearing holder (housing, cover) is installed between head bearing and the step, and fix with bolt and top chock and step, bearing to be measured is installed in the bearing holder (housing, cover), and bearing outer ring is fixed by pre-load nut, axle two ends and pair of bearings assembling, bearing inner race is fixed by shaft end nut; The pretension bolt platform is fixed on the installation base plate, the pretension screw rod is contained in the pretension bolt platform, pretension screw rod one end is equipped with load bar, the other end is equipped with the transmission bar, between pretension screw rod and transmission bar, rubber spring is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring and the transmission bar, the static(al) sensor is installed in and transmits the bar other end; The axial bolts platform is fixed on the installation base plate, loading screw rod is contained in the axial bolts platform, load screw rod one end load bar is housed, the other end is equipped with the transmission bar, between loading screw rod and transmission bar, rubber spring is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring and the transmission bar, the static(al) sensor is installed in and transmits the bar other end; Two radial loaded framves are fixed by bolts to installation base plate near the two axial ends place of axle, loading screw rod is contained in the radial loaded frame, the plane at the axis place of two loading screw rods is perpendicular to the installation base plate surface level, and the axis through axle, load screw rod one end load bar is housed, the other end is equipped with the transmission bar, between loading screw rod and transmission bar rubber spring is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring and the transmission bar, the static(al) sensor is installed in and transmits the bar other end; Vibrator hangs on the support by elastic threads, and reluctance head links to each other with vibrator by push rod, and the axle axial end is processed with axial connection threaded hole, axially connects the geometric center intersection point place that threaded hole is positioned at axis and the end face of axle; When measuring, reluctance head connects by the axial threaded hole that connects on double-screw bolt and the axle, piezoelectric acceleration transducer is installed in respectively on axle and the bearing holder (housing, cover) by the magnetic head sucker, piezoelectric acceleration transducer links to each other with signal condition instrument input end by data line with reluctance head, signal condition instrument output terminal links to each other with data acquisition unit, the power amplifier output terminal links to each other with vibrator, the power amplifier input end links to each other with data acquisition unit, data acquisition unit is connected on the robot calculator by the USB interface data line, and the digital displaying meter input end links to each other with the static(al) sensor.
The utility model compared with prior art, its advantage is:
(1) proving installation is reduced to the complexity that single-mode system greatly reduces test, simple to operate, obtain bearing dynamic characteristic test signal easily accurately.
When (2) proving installation being carried out axially (radially) excitation, can accurately obtain this bearing shaft to (radially) dynamic characteristic parameter.
(3) when axle axis and end face intersection point place encouraged, the exciting force direction will be passed through its barycenter.Like this when excitation, axle all can obtain the steady vibration shape on the exciting force direction, and the vibration shape occurs to have avoided rollover and reverse etc., has improved the accuracy of parameter identification.
When (4) testing, displacement is eliminated to basic components, makes the measurement model result more realistic, and test result is more accurate.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation overall construction drawing of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is bearing seat installation diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 is bearing assembly installation diagram of the present utility model.
Fig. 4 is the local scheme of installation of charger of the present utility model.
Fig. 5 is that bearing shaft of the present utility model is to the rigidity test synoptic diagram.
Fig. 6 is test system structure figure of the present utility model.
Fig. 7 is simple harmonic quantity excitation of the present utility model single-degree-of-freedom vibration principle figure down, and wherein (a) does the simple harmonic oscillation illustraton of model for the basis, (b) is mass force analysis figure.
Fig. 8 is the bending vibation mode picture of test case of the present utility model.
Fig. 9 is test signal amplitude-frequency of the present utility model, phase frequency figure.
Embodiment
A kind of bearing dynamic characteristic parameter of the utility model proving installation comprises test unit and instrument and equipment system; Described test unit comprises cast iron platform 1, installation base plate 2, step 3, top chock 4, bearing holder (housing, cover) 5, pre-load nut 6, pretension bolt platform 7, pretension screw rod 8, elastic threads 10, rubber spring 22, support 12, axle 13, loads screw rod 15, load bar 16, radial loaded frame 17, axial bolts platform 18, feather key 19, shaft end nut 20, bearing 21, transmits bar 23; Described instrument and equipment system comprises vibrator 9, reluctance head 11, piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14, static(al) sensor 24, signal condition instrument 25, data acquisition unit 26, power amplifier 27, robot calculator 28, digital displaying meter 29; Wherein, installation base plate 2 is fixed on the cast iron platform 1, installation base plate 2 upper surfaces are milled with T type groove and keyway, two steps 3 are assemblied on the installation base plate 2, wherein, a step 3 is fixed on the installation base plate 2, another step 3 is fixed by bolts on the installation base plate 2, step 3 lower surfaces are equipped with feather key 19, top chock 4 and step 3 assembly the split box seat, bearing holder (housing, cover) 5 is installed between head bearing 4 and the step 3, and fixing with bolt and top chock 4 and step 3, bearing 21 to be measured is installed in the bearing holder (housing, cover) 5, and bearing 21 outer rings are fixed by pre-load nut 6, axle 13 two ends and pair of bearings 21 assemblings, bearing 21 inner rings are fixed by shaft end nut 20; Pretension bolt platform 7 is fixed on the installation base plate 2, pretension screw rod 8 is contained in the pretension bolt platform 7, pretension screw rod 8 one ends are equipped with load bar 16, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar 23, between pretension screw rod 8 and transmission bar 23, rubber spring 22 is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring 22 and the transmission bar 23, static(al) sensor 24 is installed in and transmits bar 23 other ends; Axial bolts platform 18 is fixed on the installation base plate 2, loading screw rod 15 is contained in the axial bolts platform 18, load screw rod 15 1 ends load bar 16 is housed, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar 23, between loading screw rod 15 and transmission bar 23, rubber spring 22 is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring 22 and the transmission bar 23, static(al) sensor 24 is installed in and transmits bar 23 other ends; Two radial loaded framves 17 are fixed by bolts to installation base plate 2 near the two axial ends place of axle 13, loading screw rod 15 is contained in the radial loaded frame 17, the plane at the axis place of two loading screw rods 15 is perpendicular to installation base plate 2 surface levels, and the axis through axle 13, load screw rod 15 1 ends load bar 16 is housed, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar 23, between loading screw rod 15 and transmission bar 23, rubber spring 22 is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring 22 and the transmission bar 23, static(al) sensor 24 is installed in and transmits bar 23 other ends; Vibrator 9 hangs on the support 12 by elastic threads 10, and reluctance head 11 links to each other with vibrator 9 by push rod, and axle 13 axial end are processed with axial connection threaded hole, axially connects the geometric center intersection point place that threaded hole is positioned at axis and the end face of axle 13; When measuring, reluctance head 11 connects by the axial threaded hole that connects on double-screw bolt and the axle 13, piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14 is installed in respectively on axle 13 and the bearing holder (housing, cover) 5 by the magnetic head sucker, piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14 links to each other with signal condition instrument 25 input ends by data line with reluctance head 11, signal condition instrument 25 output terminals link to each other with data acquisition unit 26, power amplifier 27 output terminals link to each other with vibrator 9, power amplifier 27 input ends link to each other with data acquisition unit 26, data acquisition unit 26 is connected on the robot calculator 28 by the USB interface data line, and digital displaying meter 29 input ends link to each other with static(al) sensor 24.
Pretension screw rod 8 axial line distance steps 3 bottom faces distance 40 ~ 60mm; Loading screw rod 15 axis in the axial bolts platform 18 and the dead in line of axle 13 allow coaxiality error in 1mm.
The quantity of the piezoelectric acceleration transducer of arranging on the axle 13 14 is arranged in the quantity of the piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14 on the bearing holder (housing, cover) 5 more than or equal to two more than or equal to two.
Embodiment 1:
Bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation comprises test unit and instrument and equipment system.Described test unit comprises cast iron platform 1, installation base plate 2, step 3, top chock 4, bearing holder (housing, cover) 5, pre-load nut 6, pretension bolt platform 7, pretension screw rod 8, elastic threads 10, rubber spring 22, support 12, axle 13, loads screw rod 15, load bar 16, radial loaded frame 17, axial bolts platform 18, feather key 19, shaft end nut 20, bearing 21, transmits bar 23; Described instrument and equipment system comprises vibrator 9, reluctance head 11, piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14, static(al) sensor 24, signal condition instrument 25, data acquisition unit 26, power amplifier 27, robot calculator 28, digital displaying meter 29.
12 M20 of installation base plate 2 usefulness are bolted on the cast iron platform 1, constitute the experimental test basic platform.On basic platform, a pair of step 3 being bolted on the installation base plate 2 with 8 M18 respectively is installed, pair of bearings 21 is installed in axle 13 two ends, interference connects between bearing 21 inner rings and the axle 13, bearing 21 outer rings are installed in the bearing holder (housing, cover) 5, then bearing 21, axle 13 and bearing holder (housing, cover) 5 are installed in 3 li of steps together, and with top chock 4 compression axis bearing sleeves 5, between top chock 3 and the step 4 with the bolt of 2 M20.Pretension bolt platform 7,2 M18 of axial bolts platform 18 usefulness are bolted on the installation base plate 2, pretension bolt platform 7 is equipped with pretension screw rod 8, pretension screw rod 8 one ends are equipped with load bar 16, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar 23, between pretension screw rod 8 and transmission bar 23, rubber spring 22 is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring 22 and the transmission bar 23, static(al) sensor 24 is installed in and transmits bar 23 other ends; Axial bolts platform 18 is equipped with and loads screw rod 15, load screw rod 15 1 ends load bar 16 is installed, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar 23, between loading screw rod 15 and transmission bar 23, rubber spring 22 is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring 22 and the transmission bar 23, static(al) sensor 24 is installed in and transmits bar 23 other ends; Radial loaded frame 17 adopts two respectively with the axial end that is bolted to installation base plate 2 close axles 13 of 2 M20, be equipped with in the radial loaded frame 17 and load screw rod 15, the plane at the axis place of two loading screw rods 15 is perpendicular to installation base plate 2 surface levels, and the axis through axle 13, load screw rod 15 1 ends load bar 16 is installed, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar 23, between loading screw rod 15 and transmission bar 23, rubber spring 22 is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring 22 and the transmission bar 23, static(al) sensor 24 is installed in and transmits bar 23 other ends.When applying pretightning force, realize bearing 21 pretensions by pretension screw rod 8; When applying radial force, load synchronously by loading screw rod 15 center rollers 13 two ends in the radial loaded frame 17, through axle 13 power is delivered on the bearing 21; When applying axial force, by the loading screw rod 15 in the axial bolts platform 18 masterpiece is used on the axle 13, by axle 13 power is delivered on the bearing 21, the size of loading force all by static(al) sensor 24 and digital displaying meter 29 records, realizes electrodeless loading.Vibrator 9 is suspended on the support 12 by elastic threads 10, and reluctance head 11 1 ends link to each other with vibrator 9 by push rod, and the other end links to each other with axle 13 by the axial connection threaded hole of axle 13.Piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14 is arranged on bearing holder (housing, cover) 5 and the axle 13 by sucker, arranges piezoelectric transducer 14, the piezoelectric acceleration transducer of arranging on the axle 13 14 on the bearing holder (housing, cover) 5.The power output terminal of above-mentioned piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14 output terminals and reluctance head 11 inserts signal condition instrument 25 input end a and b respectively, vibrator 9 input ends link to each other with power amplifier 17 output terminal e, the input end of the output terminal of signal condition instrument 25 and power amplifier 27 inserts input end c and the d of data acquisition unit 26 respectively, and data acquisition unit 26 links to each other with robot calculator 28 by USB interface.Generally speaking, the force signal of reluctance head 11 inserts the first passage of data acquisition unit 26, and electric formula acceleration transducer 14 output signals insert 2 later passages respectively and get final product.At last, with data line static(al) sensor 24 is linked to each other with digital displaying meter 29.
Pretension screw rod 8 axial line distance steps 3 bottom faces are apart from 50mm; Loading screw rod 15 axis in the axial bolts platform 18 and the dead in line of axle 13.
The quantity of arranging piezoelectric transducer 14 on the bearing holder (housing, cover) 5 is 6, and the quantity of the piezoelectric acceleration transducer of arranging on the axle 13 14 is 4.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 5, the ultimate principle of bearing dynamic characteristic parameter device for quick testing is based on single free oscillating system, and cast iron platform 1, installation base plate 2, step 3, top chock 4, bearing holder (housing, cover) 5 and bearing 21 outer rings are regarded the basis as; Axle 13 and bearing 21 inner rings are regarded mass as; And regard bearing 21 Internal and external cycle faying face stiffness and dampings as elasticity and damping element.System under the effect of sine excitation power, axle 15 and bearing 21 inner rings the vibration shape show as axial translation and do not produce reverse, distortion such as bending.
In conjunction with Fig. 7, ultimate principle of the present utility model is described, for the vibrational system that is constituted by basis-spring-damper-quality, work as mass
Be subjected to harmonic excitation power
Do the time spent, vibration equation can be expressed as:
In the formula
Be the oscillator quality, formula (2) done following mathematic(al) manipulation become the single-degree of freedom vibration equation:
When being subjected to the simple harmonic quantity exciting force, vibrational system does the time spent, mass
With the basis all simple harmonic oscillation will take place,
If
,
,
Its three substitution formulas (3) can be got formula (4):
（4）
The system frequency response function of setting up departments is
, basic frequency response function
,
With basic frequency response function phasor difference
, then formula (4) can be write an accepted way of doing sth (5):
In the formula
Be mass
Frequency response function and basic frequency response function phasor difference,
Be basic frequency response function.
With
Can obtain by modal test.Just can obtain the frequency response function of equivalent single-mode system like this according to formula (5), be identified the natural frequency of vibrational system then by frequency response function
, then dynamic stiffness is:
Damping
Can be according to system's frequency response function
The employing half-power bandwidth method is asked for:
In the formula
Be half-power bandwidth.
Bearing assembly mainly is made up of bearing 21 and axle 13.Adopt relatively large interference fit between bearing 21 inner rings and the axle 13, purpose is to look bearing 21 inner rings and axle 13 as a whole.Axle 13 physical dimensions adopt less length-diameter ratio, when the rigidity of axle 13 is enough big, the frequency of correspondence is high a lot of when being the corresponding frequency ratio bearing assembly mode distortion of axle 13 self mode distortion, then the rigidity of the bearing assembly that obtains of test and rigidity and the damping that damping is bearing 21 to be measured.
The axial Equivalent Mechanical Model of bearing assembly as shown in Figure 5.If left end bearing 21 axial equivalent stiffnesss are
, equivalent damping is
Right-hand member bearing 21 axial equivalent stiffnesss are
, equivalent damping is
The axial rigidity of bearing assembly is
, axially damping is
Each bearing 21 axial dynamic perfromance equivalence is 4 springs and 4 dampers, and by the character of spring parallel connection as can be known, the bearing assembly axial rigidity is
When shown position encouraged, because the rigidity of axle 13 is enough big, by document as can be known, two ends, left and right sides spring rate satisfied following relation
It is updated to formula (2.35) can get
In like manner as can be known, the axial damping of bearing assembly is
Dynamic stiffness and the damping that can be drawn single bearing 21 by formula (6) (7) (10) are respectively
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1-7, the utility model bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation is described, concrete steps are as follows:
Step 1: axle 13, bearing holder (housing, cover) 5, bearing 21 are installed, and it is installed in the step 3, compress head bearing 4 then with fixing bearing 21 to be measured, pretension bolt platform 7, radial loaded frame 17 and axial bolts platform 18, pretension screw rod 8, loading screw rod 15, load bar 16, rubber spring 22 are installed at last, are transmitted bar 23 and static(al) sensor 24, realize the loading of axial force, radial force or the pretightning force of bearings 21 by loading screw rod 15 or pretension screw rod 8.
Step 2: piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14, vibrator 9 and reluctance head 11 are installed, when measuring bearing 21 dynamic characteristic parameters, arrange piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14 at diaxon bearing sleeve 5 end faces, arrange piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14 at the axle journal place of axle 13; Reluctance head 11 links to each other with axle 13 left sides by axially connecting screw thread, then reluctance head 11 is linked to each other with vibrator 9 usefulness push rods.
The connection of step 3. instrument and equipment, with piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14, vibrator 9, reluctance head 11, power amplifier 27, signal condition instrument 25, data acquisition unit 26, robot calculator 28 and digital displaying meter 29 connect the formation whole test system by corresponding data line, being about to reluctance head 11 links to each other by the input end of data line with signal condition instrument 25 with piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14, the output terminal of signal condition instrument 25 links to each other with data acquisition unit 26 input ends, vibrator 9 links to each other with power amplifier 27 output terminals, power amplifier 27 input ends link to each other with data acquisition unit 26 output terminals, data acquisition unit 26 links to each other by the usb data line with robot calculator 28, and static(al) sensor 24 is linked to each other by the input end of data line with digital displaying meter 29.
The setting of step 4. test parameter in robot calculator 28 starting modal parameter testing softwares, is determined range of scanned frequencies, correction factor, signal condition instrument 25 enlargement factors, power amplifier 27 voltage and current amplitudes etc.
The acquisition test data are measured, preserved to step 5. beginning mode.
The bearing assembly displacement frequency response function that step 7. measures according to step 6
Ring function with the bearing seat shift frequency
Data calculate equivalent single-mode system displacement frequency response function in Matlab2008a
, so just can calculate the equivalent integral stiffness of institute's survey bearing 21 by formula (6) (7) (12)
And damping
, wherein
For the quality of axle and two bearings inner ring and,
Be system frequency,
Be damping ratio.
Below in conjunction with example the utility model is done further detailed description:
Adopting the method diagonal angle contact ball bearing 7602050TVP profile shaft that proposes in the utility model to hold under certain load axially dynamic characteristic parameter tests.Concrete testing procedure is as follows:
(1) axle 13, bearing holder (housing, cover) 5, bearing 21 are installed, and it is installed in the step 3, compress head bearing 4 then with fixing bearing 21 to be measured, pretension bolt platform 7, radial loaded frame 17 and axial bolts platform 18, pretension screw rod 8, loading screw rod 15, load bar 16, rubber spring 22 are installed at last, are transmitted bar 23 and static(al) sensor 24, the size of concrete loading force is shown by digital displaying meter 29, pretightning force is decided to be 50N in this test, and the axial force radial force all is made as 100N.
(2) arrange piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14, reluctance head 11 and vibrator 9, and piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14, reluctance head 11, vibrator 9, power amplifier 27, signal condition instrument 25, data acquisition unit 26 and robot calculator 28 usefulness data lines are linked up, this experimental measurement be that bearing shaft is to dynamic characteristic parameter, therefore reluctance head 11 links with the axial threaded hole that connects of axle 13, and vibrator 9 carries out exciting at axial center roller 13.
(3) machinery and Constructional Modal Analysis Macras module among Vibration on Start-up and the dynamic signal acquisition analytic system V7.1 are set up geometric model and correlation parameter are set.Energisation mode is sine sweep excitation and dynamometry, determines correction factor, engineering unit, path marking, fft block size, average time, time window processing function, analysis frequency etc. in the measurement parameter table.This measurement, frequency range is made as 800Hz～1200Hz, and sweep spacing is 2Hz.
(4) open the surveying instrument power supply, begin to measure, gather the modal test data.
(5) after measurement finishes, in vibration and dynamic signal acquisition analytic system V7.1, carry out aftertreatment, carry out operations such as model frequency initial estimation, direction of measurement processing, equation of constraint processing, Mode Shape normalizing and observation vibration shape animation, can clearly illustrate the effect of this measurement.
Fig. 8 is the bending vibation mode picture of this measurement, and this is measured at the 1026Hz place and obtains the comparatively stable axial vibration shape as seen from Figure 8, and Fig. 9 is for calculating equivalent single-mode system frequency response function through formula (5)
Amplitude figure, Fig. 9 is reflected in that system is typical single-degree of freedom vibration in this frequency range, further specifies accuracy and the reliability of the utility model test bearing dynamic characteristic parameter thus.
(6) obtaining this test centre bearer 21 axial dynamic characteristic parameter rigidity and damping according to formula (12) is respectively
With
By top concrete test example, use the method in the utility model to obtain bearing dynamic characteristic parameter data.
Embodiment 2:
Bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation comprises test unit and instrument and equipment system.Described test unit comprises cast iron platform 1, installation base plate 2, step 3, top chock 4, bearing holder (housing, cover) 5, pre-load nut 6, pretension bolt platform 7, pretension screw rod 8, elastic threads 10, rubber spring 22, support 12, axle 13, loads screw rod 15, load bar 16, radial loaded frame 17, axial bolts platform 18, feather key 19, shaft end nut 20, bearing 21, transmits bar 23; Described instrument and equipment system comprises vibrator 9, reluctance head 11, piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14, static(al) sensor 24, signal condition instrument 25, data acquisition unit 26, power amplifier 27, robot calculator 28, digital displaying meter 29.
12 M20 of installation base plate 2 usefulness are bolted on the cast iron platform 1, constitute the experimental test basic platform.On basic platform, a pair of step 3 being bolted on the installation base plate 2 with 8 M18 respectively is installed, pair of bearings 21 is installed in axle 13 two ends, interference connects between bearing 21 inner rings and the axle 13, bearing 21 outer rings are installed in the bearing holder (housing, cover) 5, then bearing 21, axle 13 and bearing holder (housing, cover) 5 are installed in 3 li of steps together, and with top chock 4 compression axis bearing sleeves 5, between top chock 3 and the step 4 with the bolt of 2 M20.Pretension bolt platform 7,2 M18 of axial bolts platform 18 usefulness are bolted on the installation base plate 2, pretension bolt platform 7 is equipped with pretension screw rod 8, pretension screw rod 8 one ends are equipped with load bar 16, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar 23, between pretension screw rod 8 and transmission bar 23, rubber spring 22 is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring 22 and the transmission bar 23, static(al) sensor 24 is installed in and transmits bar 23 other ends; Axial bolts platform 18 is equipped with and loads screw rod 15, load screw rod 15 1 ends load bar 16 is installed, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar 23, between loading screw rod 15 and transmission bar 23, rubber spring 22 is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring 22 and the transmission bar 23, static(al) sensor 24 is installed in and transmits bar 23 other ends; Radial loaded frame 17 adopts two respectively with the axial end that is bolted to installation base plate 2 close axles 13 of 2 M20, be equipped with in the radial loaded frame 17 and load screw rod 15, the plane at the axis place of two loading screw rods 15 is perpendicular to installation base plate 2 surface levels, and the axis through axle 13, load screw rod 15 1 ends load bar 16 is installed, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar 23, between loading screw rod 15 and transmission bar 23, rubber spring 22 is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring 22 and the transmission bar 23, static(al) sensor 24 is installed in and transmits bar 23 other ends.When applying pretightning force, realize bearing 21 pretensions by pretension screw rod 8; When applying radial force, load synchronously by loading screw rod 15 center rollers 13 two ends in the radial loaded frame 17, through axle 13 power is delivered on the bearing 21; When applying axial force, by the loading screw rod 15 in the axial bolts platform 18 masterpiece is used on the axle 13, by axle 13 power is delivered on the bearing 21, the size of loading force all by static(al) sensor 24 and digital displaying meter 29 records, realizes electrodeless loading.Vibrator 9 is suspended on the support 12 by elastic threads 10, and reluctance head 11 1 ends link to each other with vibrator 9 by push rod, and the other end links to each other with axle 13 by the axial connection threaded hole of axle 13.Piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14 is arranged on bearing holder (housing, cover) 5 and the axle 13 by sucker, arranges piezoelectric transducer 14, the piezoelectric acceleration transducer of arranging on the axle 13 14 on the bearing holder (housing, cover) 5.The power output terminal of above-mentioned piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14 output terminals and reluctance head 11 inserts signal condition instrument 25 input end a and b respectively, vibrator 9 input ends link to each other with power amplifier 17 output terminal e, the input end of the output terminal of signal condition instrument 25 and power amplifier 27 inserts input end c and the d of data acquisition unit 26 respectively, and data acquisition unit 26 links to each other with robot calculator 28 by USB interface.Generally speaking, the force signal of reluctance head 11 inserts the first passage of data acquisition unit 26, and electric formula acceleration transducer 14 output signals insert 2 later passages respectively and get final product.At last, with data line static(al) sensor 24 is linked to each other with digital displaying meter 29.
Pretension screw rod 8 axial line distance steps 3 bottom faces are apart from 40mm; Loading screw rod 15 axis in the axial bolts platform 18 and the dead in line of axle 13.
The quantity of arranging piezoelectric transducer 14 on the bearing holder (housing, cover) 5 is 2, and the quantity of the piezoelectric acceleration transducer of arranging on the axle 13 14 is 2.
Bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation comprises test unit and instrument and equipment system.Described test unit comprises cast iron platform 1, installation base plate 2, step 3, top chock 4, bearing holder (housing, cover) 5, pre-load nut 6, pretension bolt platform 7, pretension screw rod 8, elastic threads 10, rubber spring 22, support 12, axle 13, loads screw rod 15, load bar 16, radial loaded frame 17, axial bolts platform 18, feather key 19, shaft end nut 20, bearing 21, transmits bar 23; Described instrument and equipment system comprises vibrator 9, reluctance head 11, piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14, static(al) sensor 24, signal condition instrument 25, data acquisition unit 26, power amplifier 27, robot calculator 28, digital displaying meter 29.
12 M20 of installation base plate 2 usefulness are bolted on the cast iron platform 1, constitute the experimental test basic platform.On basic platform, a pair of step 3 being bolted on the installation base plate 2 with 8 M18 respectively is installed, pair of bearings 21 is installed in axle 13 two ends, interference connects between bearing 21 inner rings and the axle 13, bearing 21 outer rings are installed in the bearing holder (housing, cover) 5, then bearing 21, axle 13 and bearing holder (housing, cover) 5 are installed in 3 li of steps together, and with top chock 4 compression axis bearing sleeves 5, between top chock 3 and the step 4 with the bolt of 2 M20.Pretension bolt platform 7,2 M18 of axial bolts platform 18 usefulness are bolted on the installation base plate 2, pretension bolt platform 7 is equipped with pretension screw rod 8, pretension screw rod 8 one ends are equipped with load bar 16, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar 23, between pretension screw rod 8 and transmission bar 23, rubber spring 22 is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring 22 and the transmission bar 23, static(al) sensor 24 is installed in and transmits bar 23 other ends; Axial bolts platform 18 is equipped with and loads screw rod 15, load screw rod 15 1 ends load bar 16 is installed, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar 23, between loading screw rod 15 and transmission bar 23, rubber spring 22 is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring 22 and the transmission bar 23, static(al) sensor 24 is installed in and transmits bar 23 other ends; Radial loaded frame 17 adopts two respectively with the axial end that is bolted to installation base plate 2 close axles 13 of 2 M20, be equipped with in the radial loaded frame 17 and load screw rod 15, the plane at the axis place of two loading screw rods 15 is perpendicular to installation base plate 2 surface levels, and the axis through axle 13, load screw rod 15 1 ends load bar 16 is installed, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar 23, between loading screw rod 15 and transmission bar 23, rubber spring 22 is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring 22 and the transmission bar 23, static(al) sensor 24 is installed in and transmits bar 23 other ends.When applying pretightning force, realize bearing 21 pretensions by pretension screw rod 8; When applying radial force, load synchronously by loading screw rod 15 center rollers 13 two ends in the radial loaded frame 17, through axle 13 power is delivered on the bearing 21; When applying axial force, by the loading screw rod 15 in the axial bolts platform 18 masterpiece is used on the axle 13, by axle 13 power is delivered on the bearing 21, the size of loading force all by static(al) sensor 24 and digital displaying meter 29 records, realizes electrodeless loading.Vibrator 9 is suspended on the support 12 by elastic threads 10, and reluctance head 11 1 ends link to each other with vibrator 9 by push rod, and the other end links to each other with axle 13 by the axial connection threaded hole of axle 13.Piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14 is arranged on bearing holder (housing, cover) 5 and the axle 13 by sucker, arranges piezoelectric transducer 14, the piezoelectric acceleration transducer of arranging on the axle 13 14 on the bearing holder (housing, cover) 5.The power output terminal of above-mentioned piezoelectric acceleration transducer 14 output terminals and reluctance head 11 inserts signal condition instrument 25 input end a and b respectively, vibrator 9 input ends link to each other with power amplifier 17 output terminal e, the input end of the output terminal of signal condition instrument 25 and power amplifier 27 inserts input end c and the d of data acquisition unit 26 respectively, and data acquisition unit 26 links to each other with robot calculator 28 by USB interface.Generally speaking, the force signal of reluctance head 11 inserts the first passage of data acquisition unit 26, and electric formula acceleration transducer 14 output signals insert 2 later passages respectively and get final product.At last, with data line static(al) sensor 24 is linked to each other with digital displaying meter 29.
Pretension screw rod 8 axial line distance steps 3 bottom faces are apart from 60mm; Loading screw rod 15 axis in the axial bolts platform 18 and the axis coaxle degree error of axle 13 are 1mm.
The quantity of arranging piezoelectric transducer 14 on the bearing holder (housing, cover) 5 is 4, and the quantity of the piezoelectric acceleration transducer of arranging on the axle 13 14 is 3.
Claims (3)
1. a bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation is characterized in that, comprises test unit and instrument and equipment system; Described test unit comprises cast iron platform (1), installation base plate (2), step (3), top chock (4), bearing holder (housing, cover) (5), pre-load nut (6), pretension bolt platform (7), pretension screw rod (8), elastic threads (10), rubber spring (22), support (12), axle (13), load screw rod (15), load bar (16), radial loaded frame (17), axial bolts platform (18), feather key (19), shaft end nut (20), bearing (21), transmit bar (23); Described instrument and equipment system comprises vibrator (9), reluctance head (11), piezoelectric acceleration transducer (14), static(al) sensor (24), signal condition instrument (25), data acquisition unit (26), power amplifier (27), robot calculator (28), digital displaying meter (29); Wherein, installation base plate (2) is fixed on the cast iron platform (1), installation base plate (2) upper surface is milled with T type groove and keyway, two steps (3) are assemblied on the installation base plate (2), wherein, a step (3) is fixed on the installation base plate (2), another step (3) is fixed by bolts on the installation base plate (2), step (3) lower surface is equipped with feather key (19), top chock (4) and step (3) assembly the split box seat, bearing holder (housing, cover) (5) is installed between head bearing (4) and the step (3), and it is fixing with bolt and top chock (4) and step (3), bearing to be measured (21) is installed in the bearing holder (housing, cover) (5), bearing (21) outer ring is fixed by pre-load nut (6), axle (13) two ends and pair of bearings (21) assembling, bearing (21) inner ring is fixed by shaft end nut (20); Pretension bolt platform (7) is fixed on the installation base plate (2), pretension screw rod (8) is contained in the pretension bolt platform (7), pretension screw rod (8) one ends are equipped with load bar (16), the other end is equipped with and transmits bar (23), between pretension screw rod (8) and transmission bar (23), rubber spring (22) is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring (22) and the transmission bar (23), static(al) sensor (24) is installed in and transmits bar (23) other end; Axial bolts platform (18) is fixed on the installation base plate (2), loading screw rod (15) is contained in the axial bolts platform (18), load screw rod (15) one ends load bar (16) is housed, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar (23), between loading screw rod (15) and transmission bar (23), rubber spring (22) is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring (22) and the transmission bar (23), static(al) sensor (24) is installed in and transmits bar (23) other end; Two radial loaded framves (17) are fixed by bolts to installation base plate (2) near the two axial ends place of axle (13), loading screw rod (15) is contained in the radial loaded frame (17), the plane at the axis place of two loading screw rods (15) is perpendicular to installation base plate (2) surface level, and the axis through axle (13), load screw rod (15) one ends load bar (16) is housed, the other end is equipped with and transmits bar (23), between loading screw rod (15) and transmission bar (23), rubber spring (22) is housed, leave the gap between rubber spring (22) and the transmission bar (23), static(al) sensor (24) is installed in and transmits bar (23) other end; Vibrator (9) hangs on the support (12) by elastic threads (10), reluctance head (11) links to each other with vibrator (9) by push rod, axle (13) axial end is processed with axial connection threaded hole, axially connects the geometric center intersection point place that threaded hole is positioned at axis and the end face of axle (13); When measuring, reluctance head (11) connects by the axial threaded hole that connects on double-screw bolt and the axle (13), piezoelectric acceleration transducer (14) is installed in respectively on axle (13) and the bearing holder (housing, cover) (5) by the magnetic head sucker, piezoelectric acceleration transducer (14) links to each other with signal condition instrument (25) input end by data line with reluctance head (11), signal condition instrument (25) output terminal links to each other with data acquisition unit (26), power amplifier (27) output terminal links to each other with vibrator (9), power amplifier (27) input end links to each other with data acquisition unit (26), data acquisition unit (26) is connected on the robot calculator (28) by the USB interface data line, and digital displaying meter (29) input end links to each other with static(al) sensor (24).
2. bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described pretension screw rod (8) axial line distance step (3) bottom face distance 40 ~ 60mm; Loading screw rod (15) axis in the axial bolts platform (18) and the dead in line of axle (13) allow coaxiality error in 1mm.
3. bearing dynamic characteristic parameter proving installation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described axle (13) goes up the quantity of the piezoelectric acceleration transducer of arranging (14) more than or equal to two, is arranged in the quantity of the piezoelectric acceleration transducer (14) on the bearing holder (housing, cover) (5) more than or equal to two.
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| CN 201320034433 CN203037461U (en) | 2013-01-23 | 2013-01-23 | Bearing dynamic characteristic parameter testing apparatus |
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| CN103105296A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2013-05-15 | 南京理工大学 | Testing device for bearing dynamic characteristic parameters |
| CN103630359A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-03-12 | 上海应用技术学院 | Sliding bearing testing machine based loading mechanism |
| CN104236911A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-24 | 江苏润仪仪表有限公司 | Train bogie bearing service process monitoring and fault diagnosis system and method |
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| CN103105296A (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2013-05-15 | 南京理工大学 | Testing device for bearing dynamic characteristic parameters |
| CN103105296B (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2015-07-01 | 南京理工大学 | Testing device for bearing dynamic characteristic parameters |
| CN103630359A (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2014-03-12 | 上海应用技术学院 | Sliding bearing testing machine based loading mechanism |
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| CN104236911A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2014-12-24 | 江苏润仪仪表有限公司 | Train bogie bearing service process monitoring and fault diagnosis system and method |
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| CN106338371A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-01-18 | 南京汽车集团有限公司 | Test device for testing rigidity of intermediate supporting ring |
| CN106338371B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2019-02-19 | 南京汽车集团有限公司 | Test the experimental rig of intermediate supports ring stiffness |
| CN112985663A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2021-06-18 | 斯凯孚公司 | System and method for determining bearing preload through vibration measurement |
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