CN103867229A - Coal mine large-mining-depth and next-group coal exploitation water control comprehensive treatment method - Google Patents
Coal mine large-mining-depth and next-group coal exploitation water control comprehensive treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103867229A CN103867229A CN201410088702.XA CN201410088702A CN103867229A CN 103867229 A CN103867229 A CN 103867229A CN 201410088702 A CN201410088702 A CN 201410088702A CN 103867229 A CN103867229 A CN 103867229A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coal mine large-mining-depth and next-group coal exploitation water control comprehensive treatment method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) overall-region advancing comprehensive grouting plugging treatment, namely a, ground geophysical prospecting, and b, ground exploration and advancing comprehensive grouting treatment in an overall region; (2) strip advancing grouting treatment before downhole tunneling; (3) grouting reinforcement in a mining region and advancing grouting treatment of an adjacent unmined region, namely guiding comprehensive grouting reconstruction of a seam floor by use of more than two types of geophysical prospecting in a mining surface after a stope face is dug out; (4) stoping. According to method, an existing local multipoint one-surface single treatment is replaced by an overall-region advancing water control comprehensive treatment method for a hydrogeololgy unit or mining region and a staged horizontal region unit which are relatively independently partitioned by a geologic structure, so that water burst of a mine is prevented, an obvious effect of protecting groundwater environments, water resources and other aspects is achieved, the large-mining-depth and next-group coal mine exploration safety guarantee extent can be greatly improved, and obvious environmental and social benefits are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of coal mine large-mining and deeply prevent and treat comprehensive treatment method for water with lower group of coal mining, belong to the anti-technical field of harnessing the river in colliery.
Background technology
In decades, in China, east mining area superficial part coal resources are due to closely exhaustion of long-term exploitation, most of mine proceeds to deep and lower group coal mining, and every year with the downward deepening of 10m～25m, by the end of the end of the year 2013, there is 47 pairs of mines to adopt deeply to reach 1000m in the whole nation with deeply.Deep-well and a lower group coal mining are threatened by high bearing bottom plate gushing water, for Safety of Coal Mine Production is brought serious harm.In addition, aquifer in Ordovician limestone is the important water source of industrial or agricultural and living water use, and water bursting in mine must bring larger underground ecological environment disturbance and infringement, has a strong impact on mining area and periphery groundwater environment and water and ensures supply.Therefore, resolve Ordovician karst water environmental protection and deepen coal resource safe working problem has important practical significance.
(1) China's coal-mine is adopted greatly dark and lower group of coal mining present situation
A. upper group recoverable coal reserves wretched insufficiency, but the deep and the lower group of coal resource that threatened by the difficult to understand grey artesian water of coal measures basement are abundant, and oil in place is huge;
B. exploit for many years with lower group of coal, superficial part resource has been adopted, adopts dark increasing and makes water bursting coefficient will reach the upper limit of " the anti-regulation of harnessing the river in colliery " defined; Adopt greatly dark mine it doesn't matter obvious upper and lower group of coal point; Upper group of coal mining is subject to the threat of high pressure-bearing Ordovician karst water equally;
C. extreme lack of water province, water environment and fwaater resources protection are increasingly urgent;
D. along with lower group of coal mining scale increases gradually, it is at full stretch that great Qu is connected.
(2) coal mine large-mining is dark at present prevents harnessing the river main method and existing problems with lower group coal mining
A. main method
What control water focus was carried out at present is the pattern of " one side one is detected, one side one is administered, one side one evaluation, and the pick of spy limit, limit, Bian Caibian visit ", and its main method is as follows:
------------exceptions area grouting and reinforcing is---to stope physical prospecting---to stope grouting and reinforcing,---setting up early warning system and the emergency preplan---back production of mending its water preventing ability for driving for down hole drill, physical prospecting in ground probing (checking Geophysical Anomalies district) in ground physical prospecting.
B. existing problems
1. the latent especially latent moisture karst collapse col umn of (contain) water structure of leading of mine deep part is vertical point-like form tax and deposits, irregular distribution, and developing stratum is low, and it is very large that forward probe is verified difficulty; Once disclose or indirectly disclose and cause gushing water, water transmitting ability is strengthened and cause disastrous gushing water.
2. the emphasis of in the past detecting and administer is only limited to seat earth water barrier, not and the strong artesian aquifer of ash difficult to understand, is not limited to current improvement technology and the means of detecting, and can't avoid large water inrush accident completely.
3. down hole drill construction exists security threat problem, and high pressure or the construction of super-pressure drilling safe are very difficult, water outlet occurs and be difficult to control.
4. the mine water management mode of original " one side one administer ", is a kind of posterior mode of administering, and exists and is difficult to control after gushing water and the problem such as production efficiency is low.
5. be applicable to small-scale exploitation, the exploiting field that can not meet fairly large exploitation is connected requirement.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the leading coal mine large-mining of administering of a kind of overall region and deeply prevents and treats comprehensive treatment method for water with lower group of coal mining.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems:
Method step of the present invention is as follows:
(1) the leading slip casting shutoff comprehensively of overall region is administered
A. ground physical prospecting
Carry out physical prospecting in described overall region, determine quantity and the distributing position of vertical main aperture and corresponding horizontal orientation branched hole thereof according to physical prospecting result; Described overall region is exploiting field, stage horizontal zone unit or the geohydrologic unit that cut apart by geological structure;
B. ground exploration, in overall region, leading slip casting is comprehensively administered
The exploration of described ground is probing, checking; First at the vertical main aperture of ground construction, then deflecting enters after aquifer in Ordovician limestone, then construction level oriented branch hole; In creeping into find water guide corrosion solution cavity, fracture structure or fissure zone;
Cause slurries to run off in a large number if meet permeable structure or fissure zone, slip casting is immediately administered;
Do not find water guide crack if enter aquifer in Ordovician limestone, continue construction level oriented branch hole, and search permeable structure or fissure zone, find permeable structure or fissure zone or creeping in have spillage run off time, do packer permeability test, determine grouting amount and slip casting concentration according to the size of the water yield, then slip casting is administered;
Described horizontal orientation branched hole enters after aquifer in Ordovician limestone in " band shape, pinniform, netted " mode, is greater than 86 ° of directions extends along aquifer in Ordovician limestone with hole deviation, makes originally that unrelated water guide crack, solution cavity seepage channel interconnect in the horizontal direction;
Described horizontal direction branched hole adopts horizontal direction under coal mine to creep into technology or adopt radial high-pressure water jet Horizontal Directional Drilling to hole;
(2) before the pick of down-hole, " band " pre-grouting is administered
Adopt greatly detection method dark or the lower group of exploitation coal mine heading end front employing DC electrical method and above-mentioned steps (1) and carry out forward probe, if all there is low resistance abnormity area at same position in two kinds of detection methods, must adopt drilling verification to find out, and after adopting pre-grouting to administer, can continue driving, accomplish " not digging gushing water head ";
Reinforce seat earth shielding heading driving in driving front, first want the potential exhalant canal of grouting and reinforcing certain thickness roadway floor rock stratum and shutoff;
(3) in exploiting field, grouting reinforcing and territory, adjacent unworked country pre-grouting are administered
After stope excavates, adopt in face and instruct the comprehensive slip casting transformation of seat earth with two or more physical prospectings, for creating territory, adjacent unworked country driving " not digging gushing water head " condition, the every driving of work support in gateway of coal mining face 50m opens a brill nest, seat earth grouting and reinforcing the reconstruction scope will, on this work plane design parameters basis more than extension 30m, be carried out comprehensive slip casting and reinforce in advance;
(4) back production.
Above-mentioned steps of the present invention (1) should be implemented in the time that water bursting coefficient is greater than 0.06MPam-1; Adopt following three kinds of leading governance models of overall region:
A. P≤0.06MPa m-1, to search shutoff water outlet vertical passage as main;
B. 0.06 < P < 0.1 MPa m-1, the comprehensive slip casting transformation of seat earth;
C. P >=0.1 MPa m-1, transforming top, grey rock stratum difficult to understand is relative water resisting layer.
The pre-grouting amount of above-mentioned steps of the present invention (1) and step (2) will reach the more than 70% of grouting amount of whole project.
What the invention has the beneficial effects as follows that the present invention proposes changes by local multiple spot one side one improvement in the past the geohydrologic unit or the exploiting field that cut apart by geological structure with relatively independent into, stage horizontal zone unit, carry out overall region and administer in advance control comprehensive treatment method for water, for organizing coal mining under dark mine and deep a kind of practicable method be provided adopting greatly, preventing water bursting in mine, the aspects such as protection groundwater environment and water resource obtain remarkable result, realize in colliery first and " do not dug gushing water head, do not adopt gushing water face " safety in production mode, greatly improve and adopted greatly the dark and lower group coal mine of exploitation safety guarantee degree, obtain obvious environmental and social benefits.
The anti-guideline of harnessing the river of the present invention:
(1) anti-the harnessing the river of the leading improvement of overall region instructed thinking
A. change to " modernization overlay " from local " passage plugging "
In normal mine water management in the past, generally by means forward probes such as thing, probings, carry out shutoff improvement after finding potential conduit pipe.But adopting greatly under dark high artesian top news part, general small-sized fracture structure or fissure zone all likely form gushing water passage, can't solve completely verify buried structure in the situation that in current advanced detection technology, should take technological guidance's principle of region leading slip casting comprehensively transformation seat earth.
B. disperseed to administer by part and administer in advance transformation to overall region
Adopting greatly under dark high artesian top news part, normally take over for guarantee digging, adapt to the fairly large needs of adopting that melt, break the routine of " one side one is administered ", realize the Regional of more leading active.Regional is generally taking Huo Geng great region, exploiting field as geologic element, to ensure the normal linking of digging.
(2) the leading improvement of overall region prevents harnessing the river guideline and intension
Be due to latent permeable structure in conjunction with the nearly large portion of water bursting in mine that Handan & Xingtai iron ore area occurs during the last ten years, have gushing water amount large, disguised strong, the feature that is difficult for detecting.And the gushing water that at present dark mine and lower group coal mining are adopted greatly in Handan & Xingtai iron ore area threatens and anti-spy water technology can't meet the present situation of keeping the safety in production completely.Handan & Xingtai iron ore area at the prediction of mine water management, have to doubt and must visit, first visit afterwards and dig, first control afterwards and adopt " on the basis of 16 word guilding principles; " active in advance, Regional, modernization overlay, mining under safe waterpressure of aquifer " mine water management guideline has been proposed; its essence is that region is looked in advance controls combination, and the principle that rear pick is adopted is first controlled in first spy.Its technical connotation is to adopt greatly under dark high artesian top news part, not dig gushing water head, not adopting gushing water face is target, at seat earth in advance aspect improvement, administer with exploiting field, stage horizontal zone or the geohydrologic unit region that cut apart by geological structure from one side one, even break boundary between ore deposit and ore deposit and carry out Regional.The leading administration way in region changes into from down-hole taking ground as main, and trisome unification " detects, administers, verifies " to drilling function.From construction sequence, before slip casting is administered and will be moved on to driving, reinforce to realize the leading band of seat earth, first control rear pick.Digging design will be transferred to entirety consideration comprehensively on Regional basis from local multiple spot or the face of adopting.Anti-harnessing the river detected management goal and extended to grey strong aquifer difficult to understand top by the water barrier of original every layer of base plate.The leading improvement of ground region is to effect a permanent cure, and digging front band slip casting and adopting face reinforcement improvement is to ensure.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical main aperture of 15445 work plane notes 1 of embodiment 1 and the design diagram in 6 horizontal orientation holes of one branch.
Fig. 2 is the leading band slip casting of the driving of embodiment 1 schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is that the adjacent not mining face of embodiment 1 is reinforced schematic diagram in advance.
In the accompanying drawings, the 1. vertical main aperture of note 1, the 2. branch of note 1,2-1 ~ 2-6. is respectively No. 1 to No. 6 horizontal orientation branched hole of 1 branch, 3. tunnel, 4. coal seam, 5. boring, 6. reference lamina, 7. territory, unworked country, 8. stope, 9. mining face not; L1. face length, L2. seat earth reinforcing scope, β. be stope edge and the line at seat earth reinforcing scope edge and the angle of vertical vertical line.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1(the present invention in Handan and the application of Xingtai Mining Area):
From over more than 10 years, successively there is base plate pressure-bearing gushing water 10 times in Handan & Xingtai iron ore area.Certain ore deposit is since exploiting No. 4 blue or green seam minings in open country in October, 1998; all there is gushing water in 4 blue or green work planes in open country of exploitation; especially in the 15423N work plane goaf using on January 8th, 2009 as topping, there is hysteresis gushing water the most serious; gushing water amount exceedes the maximum drainability of mine, and mine is forced to stop production.Determine that according to hydrologic observation data and data of water quality monitoring gushing water water source is Ordovician karst water, gushing water passage is latent water guide karst collapse col umn, has absolutely proved the importance of the high pressure-bearing aquifer in Ordovician limestone of prevention seat earth.Adopt and deeply reach 850m with deeply, water bursting coefficient progressively approaches " the anti-regulation of harnessing the river in colliery " upper limit (p < 0.1MPa m-1), therefore, takes taking ground improvement as main, and down-hole improvement is auxiliary mode, adopts technical scheme of the present invention.Concrete steps are as follows:
(1) the leading slip casting shutoff comprehensively of overall region is administered
A. ground physical prospecting
Carry out physical prospecting in described overall region, determine quantity and the distributing position of vertical main aperture and corresponding horizontal orientation branched hole thereof according to physical prospecting result; Described overall region is exploiting field, stage horizontal zone unit or the geohydrologic unit that cut apart by geological structure;
On the basis of Three Dimensional Ground earthquake probing in conjunction with mine hydrogeology exploration data, using peak-to-peak group top, limestone aquifer difficult to understand top as transformation destination layer, the various conduit pipes in the high pressure-bearing aquifer in Ordovician limestone of slip casting shutoff seat earth top, transform grey Austria top as relative water resisting layer.Designing the northern wing-650m level two exploiting fields is unit, surveys achievement design cloth hole according to the existing hydrology, arranges 4 vertical main apertures, vertical main aperture spacing 1006m; Each vertical main aperture is according to grout spreading range and need to design 6 horizontal orientation branched holes, cover in principle region-wide, horizontal orientation branched hole layer position grey seven pars infrasegmentalises difficult to understand.4 vertical main apertures and horizontal orientation branched hole are shown in Fig. 1.
B. ground exploration, in overall region, leading slip casting is comprehensively administered
The exploration of described ground is probing, checking; First at the vertical main aperture of ground construction, then deflecting enters after aquifer in Ordovician limestone, then construction level oriented branch hole; In creeping into find water guide corrosion solution cavity, fracture structure or fissure zone.
Cause slurries to run off in a large number if meet permeable structure or fissure zone, slip casting is immediately administered.
Do not find water guide crack if enter aquifer in Ordovician limestone, continue construction level oriented branch hole, and search permeable structure or fissure zone, find permeable structure or fissure zone or creeping in have spillage run off time, do packer permeability test, determine grouting amount and slip casting concentration according to the size of the water yield, then slip casting is administered.
Application T200XD multifunctional all-hydraulic truck-mounted drilling rig top is driven and is crept into branch technique, the average rate of penetration 0.6～2.0m/min of rig.First construct vertical main aperture to seven sections of (hole depth 971.6m) layer positions of Australia's limestone end face, then along different azimuth construction level oriented branch hole.
The grouting and reinforcing in wild blue or green seat earth aquifer is accompanied by the whole process of horizontal orientation branched hole construction, aperture slip casting is suppressed and is not less than 4.0MPa, injecting paste material is taking R32.5 slag silicate cement as main, and slurries add flyash etc. as auxiliary injecting paste material while there is a large amount of loss.Each stage of drilling operation all adopts downstriker segmenting slip casting mode, once in drilling operation process a large amount of leakages of slurries just carry out immediately grouting and reinforcing.Construct to occurring creeping into middle spillage amount after aquifer in Ordovician limestone when large, under the prerequisite of packer permeability test, determine grouting parameter.In slip casting process, find that there is grout leaking phenomenon and take each injected hole associating grouting mode, after slip casting finishes on last stage, cleaning bottom of hole all should be carried out in injected hole, grout leaking hole, in case hole is stifled.Using final pressure 10MPa, stablize 30min and single hole midge amount is less than 50L/ min as slip casting ending standard.In improvement, according to probing, slip casting situation, feedback, continues to optimize design in time, by grout spreading range another orientation horizontal orientation branched hole of designing and constructing, until reach Regional designing requirement.
Nan Yi-650m administers in two exploiting fields below horizontal boring accumulative total drilling depth 7434m, wherein horizontal orientation branched hole drilling depth 5169m, and maximum horizontal drill change reaches 836m, detects out altogether 25 of leakage points, 77689 tons of accumulative total grouting amounts.
Because horizontal orientation branched hole enters after aquifer in Ordovician limestone in the mode of " band shape, pinniform, netted ", extend along aquifer in Ordovician limestone with level or nearly level, can find out the situation of structure within the scope of brill, and make originally the seepage channel such as unrelated crack, solution cavity in the horizontal direction interconnect, expand boring control range, improve region hydrogeology condition, do not dug gushing water head for down-hole guarantee is provided.Administer in advance in region on basis, taking No. 4 Ye Qing coal seam stopes as core, before pick, on thing probing basis, dig the control measures of front band slip casting, eliminated gushing water hidden danger.Solve and adopted greatly under the high pressure-bearing of dark mine and latent permeable structure developmental condition, prevented Water Inrush, protection groundwater environment and produce great Qu connection problem.
(2) before the pick of down-hole, " band " pre-grouting is administered
Before adopting greatly dark or the lower group coal mine of exploitation heading end, can adopt DC electrical method and aforementioned long distance measurement new method to carry out forward probe, if all there is low resistance abnormity area at same position in two kinds of detection methods, must adopt drilling verification to find out, and after adopting pre-grouting to administer, can continue driving, accomplish " not digging gushing water head ".
Reinforce seat earth shielding heading driving in driving front, first want the potential exhalant canal of grouting and reinforcing certain thickness roadway floor rock stratum and shutoff.The lower group of ore deposit, Xingtai Mining Area exploitation No. 9 coal seams of coal, general by slip casting diffusion radius 20m consideration, No. 9 coal digging laneways will be reinforced the following 5m of transformation destination layer Benxi limestone (thickness 7.0m～9.0m) of its lower 18m～20m, determine rational Advance Drilling distance and seat earth reinforcing thickness with slip casting diffusion radius.Entity coal driving grouting and reinforcing scope and thickness are illustrated in fig. 2 shown below.
Grouting and reinforcing roadway floor before pick, adhere to, under the leading improvement principle guidance of " water breakthrough must be noted ", giving grouting and reinforcing, to realize " not digging gushing water head " in the base plate to front, tunnel and side direction certain limit.If, near have the geologic anomaly bodies such as fracture structure, must utilize existing tunnel to carry out pre-grouting improvement, prevent from adopting and activate water outlet.Certainly, if adjacent mining face design Yan Kongsong lane, its dig roadway floor water barrier administer in advance reinforce good.
(3) in exploiting field, grouting reinforcing and territory, adjacent unworked country pre-grouting are administered
After stope excavates, adopt in face and instruct the comprehensive slip casting transformation of base plate with two or more physical prospectings, for creating territory, adjacent unworked country driving " not digging gushing water head " condition, the every driving of work support in gateway of coal mining face 50m opens a brill nest, seat earth grouting and reinforcing the reconstruction scope will, on this work plane design parameters basis more than extension 30m, be carried out comprehensive slip casting and reinforce in advance.Shown in See Figure 3.To ensure adjacent back production face driving " not digging gushing water head ".
(4) back production.
Claims (3)
1. coal mine large-mining is dark prevents and treats a comprehensive treatment method for water with lower group of coal mining, it is characterized in that its step is as follows:
(1) the leading slip casting shutoff comprehensively of overall region is administered
A. ground physical prospecting
Carry out physical prospecting in described overall region, determine quantity and the distributing position of vertical main aperture and corresponding horizontal orientation branched hole thereof according to physical prospecting result; Described overall region is exploiting field, stage horizontal zone unit or the geohydrologic unit that cut apart by geological structure;
B. ground exploration, in overall region, leading slip casting is comprehensively administered
The exploration of described ground is probing, checking; First at the vertical main aperture of ground construction, then deflecting enters after aquifer in Ordovician limestone, then construction level oriented branch hole; In creeping into find water guide corrosion solution cavity, fracture structure or fissure zone;
Cause slurries to run off in a large number if meet permeable structure or fissure zone, slip casting is immediately administered;
Do not find water guide crack if enter aquifer in Ordovician limestone, continue construction level oriented branch hole, and search permeable structure or fissure zone, find permeable structure or fissure zone or creeping in have spillage run off time, do packer permeability test, determine grouting amount and slip casting concentration according to the size of the water yield, then slip casting is administered;
Described horizontal orientation branched hole enters after aquifer in Ordovician limestone in " band shape, pinniform, netted " mode, is greater than 86 ° of directions extends along aquifer in Ordovician limestone with hole deviation, makes originally that unrelated water guide crack, solution cavity seepage channel interconnect in the horizontal direction;
Described horizontal direction branched hole adopts horizontal direction under coal mine to creep into technology or adopt radial high-pressure water jet Horizontal Directional Drilling to hole;
(2) before the pick of down-hole, " band " pre-grouting is administered
Adopt greatly detection method dark or the lower group of exploitation coal mine heading end front employing DC electrical method and above-mentioned steps (1) and carry out forward probe, if all there is low resistance abnormity area at same position in two kinds of detection methods, must adopt drilling verification to find out, and after adopting pre-grouting to administer, can continue driving, accomplish " not digging gushing water head ";
Reinforce seat earth shielding heading driving in driving front, first want the potential exhalant canal of grouting and reinforcing certain thickness roadway floor rock stratum and shutoff;
(3) in exploiting field, grouting reinforcing and territory, adjacent unworked country pre-grouting are administered
After stope excavates, adopt in face and instruct the comprehensive slip casting transformation of seat earth with two or more physical prospectings, for creating territory, adjacent unworked country driving " not digging gushing water head " condition, the every driving of work support in gateway of coal mining face 50m opens a brill nest, seat earth grouting and reinforcing the reconstruction scope will, on this work plane design parameters basis more than extension 30m, be carried out comprehensive slip casting and reinforce in advance;
(4) back production.
2. a kind of coal mine large-mining according to claim 1 is dark prevents and treats comprehensive treatment method for water with lower group of coal mining, it is characterized in that above-mentioned steps (1) should be greater than 0.06MPam at water bursting coefficient
-1in time, implements; Adopt following three kinds of leading governance models of overall region:
A. P≤0.06MPa m
-1, to search shutoff water outlet vertical passage as main;
B. 0.06 < P < 0.1 MPa m
-1, the comprehensive slip casting transformation of seat earth;
C. P>=0.1 MPa m
-1, transforming top, grey rock stratum difficult to understand is relative water resisting layer.
3. a kind of coal mine large-mining according to claim 2 is dark prevents and treats comprehensive treatment method for water with lower group of coal mining, and the pre-grouting amount of above-mentioned steps (1) and step (2) that it is characterized in that will reach the more than 70% of grouting amount of whole project.
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| CN104179511A (en) * | 2014-08-13 | 2014-12-03 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | Novel hole arrangement grouting method for enabling ground pre-grouting reinforcing roadway to penetrate through surrounding rocks at fault fracture zone |
| CN104612753A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-05-13 | 湖南科技大学 | Closing-blocking-draining combined water prevention and control method for Maokou limestone underground grouting and closure |
| CN106050185A (en) * | 2016-05-13 | 2016-10-26 | 山东科技大学 | Method for preventing and controlling water inrush channels generated by faults of coal mining floors |
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| CN113431578A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-24 | 中国煤炭地质总局水文地质局 | Coal mine collapse column reinforcing construction process |
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| CN112901157A (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2021-06-04 | 陕西彬长孟村矿业有限公司 | Fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method |
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| CN113669070B (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-05-06 | 北京科技大学 | Mining haulage roadway construction method |
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