CN112901157A - Fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method - Google Patents
Fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112901157A CN112901157A CN202110056754.9A CN202110056754A CN112901157A CN 112901157 A CN112901157 A CN 112901157A CN 202110056754 A CN202110056754 A CN 202110056754A CN 112901157 A CN112901157 A CN 112901157A
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 93
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 92
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/30—Specific pattern of wells, e.g. optimising the spacing of wells
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Abstract
The invention discloses a fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method, which comprises the following steps of 1, determining the position of a geophysical prospecting prediction fault according to survey data of a three-dimensional earthquake of a mine, implementing drilling advanced detection, and predicting the elevation of a coal bed top and bottom plate in a detection area; step 2, writing the thickness of the coal seam at the position of the opening, designing a main hole coordinate parameter to enable the main hole to quickly enter the rock stratum, and then drilling; step 3, constructing a branch hole for detecting the full coal thickness at certain intervals, calculating the elevations of the top plate and the bottom plate of the coal seam of each detection point, and determining the fluctuation change condition of the coal seam in the detection area; the coal seam occurrence change condition can be detected in a drilling hole in multiple frequencies, multiple angles, multiple directions and multiple parameters, and the effects of advanced detection and advanced prevention and control of fault layers are achieved. The problems of shallow construction depth, large engineering quantity, single track, low detection precision and the like of conventional geological drilling are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal mine safety production, and relates to a fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method.
Background
China has abundant coal resource reserves, partial mining areas have large coal seam thickness, belong to super-thick coal seams, have complex geological conditions in mining areas, and have more technical problems for safe production, and particularly show the symbiotic situation of roof breakage, gas emission, water emission increase, impact display and the like when a fault is encountered. The technical scheme is made in advance, which is particularly important for mine safety production, and before the scheme is made, accurate grasp of the position and fall of a fault is the core work of success of the scheme;
at present, the conventional geological drilling is mostly adopted for advanced detection of coal mine geological structures in China, the method is generally shallow in construction depth, each drill hole is only provided with one construction angle, and the drill hole track is difficult to accurately determine in the drilling process, so that certain difficulty is brought to analysis.
Aiming at the problems, a multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method for a fault in an ultra-thick coal seam is provided. The method is mainly characterized in that multi-branch directional drilling is carried out in a coal seam, the elevation change condition of a top plate and a bottom plate of the coal seam is mastered within the range of 500m from top to bottom of a fault, the position and the fall of the fault are further accurately calculated, and more detailed and accurate geological data are provided for mine safety production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method, which solves the problems of shallow construction depth, large engineering quantity, single track and low detection precision of conventional geological drilling of a fault layer.
The invention adopts the technical scheme that a fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method is implemented according to the following steps:
step 1, determining the position of a geophysical prospecting prediction fault according to survey data of a three-dimensional earthquake of a mine, implementing drilling advanced detection, and predicting the elevation of a coal seam top and bottom plate in a detection area;
step 2, writing the thickness of the coal seam at the position of the opening, designing a main hole coordinate parameter to enable the main hole to quickly enter the rock stratum, and then drilling;
and 3, constructing a branch hole for detecting the full coal thickness at certain intervals, calculating the elevations of the top plate and the bottom plate of the coal seam of each detection point, and determining the fluctuation change condition of the coal seam in the detection area.
The invention is also characterized in that:
in the step 1, drilling advanced detection is carried out at a distance of 300m from a predicted position, and the elevation of the top floor of the coal seam within the range of 500m of a detection area is predicted;
drilling along a distance of about 5-10 m from the coal seam in the step 2;
wherein the separation distance in the step 3 is 80-100 m;
in step 3, when the normal fault and the fault distance are smaller than the thickness of the coal seam and the main hole is arranged on a top plate for detection, the method is implemented according to the following steps:
firstly, sequentially constructing three branch holes, constructing a fourth branch hole, stopping drilling when drilling rocks, and calculating the elevation of a coal seam bottom plate; drilling continuously to start construction of a fifth branch hole, stopping drilling when drilling meets rocks, calculating the elevation of the top plate of the coal seam, and calculating the breaking distance respectively through the elevation of the bottom plate of the fourth branch hole and the elevation of the bottom plate of the third branch hole, and the elevation of the top plate of the fifth branch hole and the elevation of the top plate of the third branch hole;
secondly, detecting the fault according to the third, fourth and fifth branch holes, defining the fault position within the range of 100m, and simultaneously increasing the detection point within the range of 100m to accurately position the fault position within the range of less than 60 m;
finally, drilling a sixth branch hole and a seventh branch hole continuously, stopping drilling when drilling rocks, calculating the elevation of the top floor and the bottom floor of the coal seam within the range of 400-500 m, determining the fluctuation change condition of the coal seam in the detection area, and verifying the numerical value of the breaking distance;
in step 3, when the normal fault and the fault distance are larger than the thickness of the coal seam and the main hole is arranged on a top plate for detection, the method is implemented according to the following steps:
firstly, sequentially constructing three branch holes, constructing a fourth branch hole, and stopping drilling when the vertical depth of the branch hole is more than 30m and a coal seam is not drilled; starting to construct a fifth branch hole, continuing drilling after drilling the coal seam, stopping drilling when drilling the rock again, and calculating the elevation of the top plate of the coal seam; respectively calculating the fault distance through the top and bottom plate elevation of the fifth branch hole and the top and bottom plate elevation of the third branch hole;
secondly, detecting the fault according to the third, fourth and fifth branch holes, defining the fault position within the range of 140m, and simultaneously increasing the detection point within the range of 140m to ensure that the fault position is accurate to be within the range of less than 80 m;
finally, continuously drilling a sixth branch hole, continuously drilling after drilling the coal seam, drilling again when drilling the rock, stopping drilling, calculating the elevation of the top and bottom plates of the coal seam within the range of 400-500 m, determining the fluctuation change condition of the coal seam in the detection area, and further checking the numerical value of the fault distance;
in step 3, when the normal fault and the main hole are arranged on the bottom plate for detection, the method is implemented according to the following steps:
firstly, sequentially constructing three branch holes, constructing a fourth branch hole, stopping drilling after drilling meets a coal seam, calculating the elevation of a bottom plate of the coal seam, and calculating the breaking distance through the elevation of the bottom plate of the fourth branch hole and the elevation of the bottom plate of the third branch hole;
then, detecting the fault according to the third branch hole and the fourth branch hole, defining the fault position within the range of 100m, and simultaneously, increasing a detection point within the range of 100m to accurately position the fault position within the range of less than 50 m;
and finally, continuously drilling a fifth branch hole, stopping drilling after drilling the coal seam, calculating the elevation of the coal seam floor within the range of 400-500 m, determining the fluctuation change condition of the coal seam floor in the detection area, and further checking the numerical value of the fault distance.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method provided by the invention realizes the detection of coal seam occurrence change conditions of multiple frequencies, multiple angles, multiple directions and multiple parameters in one drilling hole, and achieves the effects of fault advanced detection and advanced prevention and treatment. The problems of shallow construction depth, large engineering quantity, single track, low detection precision and the like of conventional geological drilling are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a coal seam near a fault layer when a main hole is arranged from a top plate in a fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method according to the invention when a fault distance is smaller than the thickness of the coal seam;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a coal seam near a fault layer when a main hole is arranged from a top plate in a fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method according to the invention when a fault distance is larger than the thickness of the coal seam;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a coal seam near an interrupted layer, in which a main hole is arranged from a bottom plate in the fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method, which is implemented by the following steps:
step 1, determining the position of a geophysical prospecting prediction fault according to exploration data of a three-dimensional earthquake of a mine, implementing drilling advanced detection at a distance of 300m from a prediction position, and predicting the elevation of a coal bed top and bottom plate within a detection area range of 500 m;
step 2, writing the thickness of the coal seam at the position of the open hole, designing a main hole coordinate parameter, enabling the main hole to quickly enter the rock stratum, and drilling along a distance of about 5-10 m from the coal seam;
step 3, constructing a branch hole for detecting the full coal thickness at intervals of 80-100 m, calculating the elevations of the top plate and the bottom plate of the coal bed of each detection point, and determining the fluctuation change condition of the coal bed in a detection area as shown by the branch holes 1-3;
according to the specific construction of the branch hole 4, the following 3 cases of the subsequent drilling are described as follows:
when the normal fault and the fault distance are smaller than the thickness of the coal seam, and the main hole is arranged on the top plate for detection, as shown in figure 1, the method is implemented by the following steps:
constructing branch holes 4, stopping drilling when drilling rocks, and calculating the elevation of the coal seam floor; and continuing drilling to start construction of the branch hole 5, stopping drilling when drilling meeting rocks, and calculating the elevation of the coal seam roof. Respectively calculating the fault distance through the bottom plate elevation of the branch hole 4, the bottom plate elevation of the branch hole 3, the top plate elevation of the branch hole 5 and the top plate elevation of the branch hole 3;
the fault is detected according to the branch holes 3, 4 and 5, and the fault position is defined within the range of 100 m. Meanwhile, the fault position can be accurately within the range of less than 60m by increasing the detection point within the range of 100 m;
and continuing drilling the construction branch holes 6 and 7, stopping drilling when drilling rocks, and calculating the elevation of the top floor of the coal seam within the range of 400-500 m. And determining the fluctuation condition of the coal bed in the detection area, and further verifying the fault distance value.
When the positive fault and the fault distance are larger than the thickness of the coal seam, and the main hole is arranged on the top plate for detection, as shown in fig. 2, the method is implemented by the following steps:
and constructing the branch hole 4, and stopping drilling when the vertical depth of the branch hole is more than 30m (the sum of the distance above the coal seam roof and the thickness of the coal seam) and the coal seam is not drilled. And (5) starting to construct the branch hole 5, continuing drilling after drilling the coal seam, stopping drilling when drilling the rock again, and calculating the elevation of the top plate of the coal seam. Respectively calculating the breaking distance through the top and bottom plate elevations of the branch holes 5 and the top and bottom plate elevations of the branch holes 3;
the fault is detected according to the branch holes 3, 4 and 5, and the fault position is defined within the range of 140 m. Meanwhile, the fault position can be accurately within the range of less than 80m by increasing the detection point within the range of 140 m;
and (4) continuing drilling the construction branch hole 6, continuing drilling after drilling the coal seam, stopping drilling when drilling the rock again, and calculating the elevation of the top floor of the coal seam within the range of 400-500 m. And determining the fluctuation condition of the coal bed in the detection area, and further verifying the fault distance value.
When the normal fault and the main hole are arranged on the bottom plate for detection, as shown in fig. 3, the method is implemented by the following steps:
constructing a branch hole 4, stopping drilling after drilling the coal seam, calculating the elevation of the bottom plate of the coal seam, and calculating the breaking distance through the elevation of the bottom plate of the branch hole 4 and the elevation of the bottom plate of the branch hole 3;
the fault is detected according to the branch holes 3 and 4, and the fault position is defined within the range of 100 m. Meanwhile, the fault position can be accurately within the range of less than 50m by increasing the detection point within the range of 100 m;
and continuing drilling the construction branch hole 5, stopping drilling after drilling the coal seam, calculating the elevation of the coal seam floor within the range of 400-500 m, determining the fluctuation change condition of the coal seam floor in the detection area, and further checking the distance of break.
Claims (7)
1. A fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, determining the position of a geophysical prospecting prediction fault according to survey data of a three-dimensional earthquake of a mine, implementing drilling advanced detection, and predicting the elevation of a coal seam top and bottom plate in a detection area;
step 2, writing the thickness of the coal seam at the position of the opening, designing a main hole coordinate parameter to enable the main hole to quickly enter the rock stratum, and then drilling;
and 3, constructing a branch hole for detecting the full coal thickness at certain intervals, calculating the elevations of the top plate and the bottom plate of the coal seam of each detection point, and determining the fluctuation change condition of the coal seam in the detection area.
2. The fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, drilling advanced detection is carried out at a distance of 300m from a predicted position, and the elevation of the coal seam top and bottom plate within a detection area of 500m is predicted.
3. The fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, drilling is carried out along a distance of about 5-10 m from a coal seam.
4. The fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method according to claim 1, wherein the separation distance in the step 3 is 80-100 m.
5. The fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, when a positive fault and a fault distance are smaller than the thickness of a coal seam, and a main hole is arranged on a top plate for detection, the method is implemented by the following steps:
firstly, sequentially constructing three branch holes, constructing a fourth branch hole, stopping drilling when drilling rocks, and calculating the elevation of a coal seam bottom plate; drilling continuously to start construction of a fifth branch hole, stopping drilling when drilling meets rocks, calculating the elevation of the top plate of the coal seam, and calculating the breaking distance respectively through the elevation of the bottom plate of the fourth branch hole and the elevation of the bottom plate of the third branch hole, and the elevation of the top plate of the fifth branch hole and the elevation of the top plate of the third branch hole;
secondly, detecting the fault according to the third, fourth and fifth branch holes, defining the fault position within the range of 100m, and simultaneously increasing the detection point within the range of 100m to accurately position the fault position within the range of less than 60 m;
and finally, continuously drilling a sixth branch hole and a seventh branch hole, stopping drilling when drilling is met by rocks, calculating the elevation of the top floor and the bottom floor of the coal seam within the range of 400-500 m, determining the fluctuation change condition of the coal seam in the detection area, and verifying the numerical value of the fault distance.
6. The fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, when a positive fault and a fault distance are larger than the thickness of a coal seam, and a main hole is arranged on a top plate for detection, the method is implemented by the following steps:
firstly, sequentially constructing three branch holes, constructing a fourth branch hole, and stopping drilling when the vertical depth of the branch hole is more than 30m and a coal seam is not drilled; starting to construct a fifth branch hole, continuing drilling after drilling the coal seam, stopping drilling when drilling the rock again, and calculating the elevation of the top plate of the coal seam; respectively calculating the fault distance through the top and bottom plate elevation of the fifth branch hole and the top and bottom plate elevation of the third branch hole;
secondly, detecting the fault according to the third, fourth and fifth branch holes, defining the fault position within the range of 140m, and simultaneously increasing the detection point within the range of 140m to ensure that the fault position is accurate to be within the range of less than 80 m;
and finally, continuously drilling a sixth branch hole, continuously drilling after drilling the coal seam, drilling again when drilling the rock, stopping drilling, calculating the elevation of the top and bottom plates of the coal seam within the range of 400-500 m, determining the fluctuation change condition of the coal seam in the detection area, and further checking the numerical value of the fault distance.
7. The fault multi-branch advanced detection hole distribution method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, when a main hole and a normal fault are arranged on a bottom plate for detection, the method is implemented by the following steps:
firstly, sequentially constructing three branch holes, constructing a fourth branch hole, stopping drilling after drilling meets a coal seam, calculating the elevation of a bottom plate of the coal seam, and calculating the breaking distance through the elevation of the bottom plate of the fourth branch hole and the elevation of the bottom plate of the third branch hole;
then, detecting the fault according to the third branch hole and the fourth branch hole, defining the fault position within the range of 100m, and simultaneously, increasing a detection point within the range of 100m to accurately position the fault position within the range of less than 50 m;
and finally, continuously drilling a fifth branch hole, stopping drilling after drilling the coal seam, calculating the elevation of the coal seam floor within the range of 400-500 m, determining the fluctuation change condition of the coal seam floor in the detection area, and further checking the numerical value of the fault distance.
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