CN103837931B - Polarization for optical fibre gyro goes in ring Y waveguide structure - Google Patents
Polarization for optical fibre gyro goes in ring Y waveguide structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN103837931B CN103837931B CN201410005173.2A CN201410005173A CN103837931B CN 103837931 B CN103837931 B CN 103837931B CN 201410005173 A CN201410005173 A CN 201410005173A CN 103837931 B CN103837931 B CN 103837931B
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Abstract
The novel polarization that the present invention relates to for optical fibre gyro goes in ring Y waveguide structure, comprise a Y shape branch-waveguide and a semicircular waveguide, and one inputs optical fiber pigtail and the inclined optical fiber pigtail of two output guarantors, semicircular waveguide is positioned at the output terminal of Y shape branch-waveguide, and the low-loss linear polarization of semicircular waveguide transmission light is vertical with the low-loss linear polarization of existing y branch waveguide transmission light.The two ends of this semicircular waveguide and two output terminals of Y shape branch-waveguide tangent, ensure that the inclined polarization direction exporting optical fiber pigtail of the low-loss linear polarization of semicircle and existing y branch waveguide transmission light and guarantor is consistent like this.Compared with existing y branch waveguide technology, the present invention is used for interfere type polarization maintaining optical fibre gyro effectively can suppress the nonreciprocal error such as polarization interference, Faraday effect, and can make sensing coil length doubles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of inertial navigation device assembly, especially relate to a kind of polarization for interfere type polarization maintaining optical fibre gyro and to go in ring Y waveguide structure.
Background technology
Optical fibre gyro is the inertial navigation device based on sensor coil and integrated optical device, for independently measuring the rotary motion (angular velocity of rotation) of carrier relative to inertial space, inertia system is calculated to the exact position of carrier, direction etc. have key effect.Its ultimate principle is based on Sagnac effect, interference optical fiber top (IFOG) is mainly based on interferometer, with two-beam that is clockwise and counterclockwise transmission in fiber optic coils, phase differential is produced due to the rotation of carrier, interfere in detection port, and then calculate the angular velocity of rotation of carrier.IFOG with it in precision, shock resistance, price, size, weight and obvious advantage that the long-life has; be applicable to the advantage of large-scale production; in industry with Military Application, expand many newer purposes, become one of inertia device with the fastest developing speed at present.
Integrated optical device (Y waveguide) is the Primary Component of optical fibre gyro.Device adopts lithium niobate (LiNbO usually
3) be substrate, adopt the techniques such as proton exchange to make the optical waveguide of Y shape shape, divided by light beam/close, the partially/analyzing multiple function that rises of phase of light wave modulation and light integrates.Rising makes the input light of sensing coil be approximately linearly polarized light partially, and analyzing can suppress the impact of the orthogonal polarisation state that light wave coupling produces in sensing coil, reduces the polarization error of gyro.But existing Y waveguide device can not suppress the nonreciprocal error such as polarization interference and Faraday effect in sensing coil, practical along with optical fibre gyro system is also more and more higher to the performance requirement of Y waveguide integrated optical device.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly provide a kind of polarization of the nonreciprocal error such as polarization interference and Faraday effect in sensing coil that can suppress to go in ring Y waveguide branch device architecture to overcome defect that above-mentioned existing Y waveguide technology exists.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Polarization for optical fibre gyro goes in ring Y waveguide structure, comprise a Y shape branch-waveguide and a semicircular waveguide, and one input optical fibre and two export protect inclined optical fiber pigtail, semicircular waveguide is positioned at the output terminal of Y shape branch-waveguide, and the low-loss linear polarization of semicircular waveguide transmission light is vertical with the low-loss linear polarization of existing y branch waveguide transmission light.The two ends of this semicircular waveguide and two output terminals of Y shape branch-waveguide tangent, ensure that the inclined polarization direction exporting optical fiber pigtail of the low-loss linear polarization of semicircle and existing y branch waveguide transmission light and guarantor is consistent like this.
The backing material of described semicircular waveguide and Y shape branch-waveguide is lithium niobate or other backing material, and backing material can be identical, also can be different.
Described semicircular waveguide and Y shape branch-waveguide can adopt proton exchange or ion-exchange or interior diffusion or external diffusion or implanted ions planar optical waveguide Manufacturing Techniques.
Described semicircular waveguide and Y shape branch-waveguide can adopt the polarization eigen state of different or identical planar optical waveguide Manufacturing Techniques semicircular waveguide orthogonal with the polarization eigen state of Y shape branch-waveguide, transmit the linearly polarized light in parallel polarization direction and the linearly polarized light of vertical direction respectively.
Described Y waveguide output terminal two low-loss linearly polarized light direction is consistent with the fast axle and slow axis protecting inclined optical fiber pigtail, butt coupling.
When only propagating perpendicular linear polarization light in Y shape branch-waveguide arm, in semicircular waveguide, only propagate parallel lines polarized light; When only propagating parallel lines polarized light in Y shape branch-waveguide arm, in semicircular waveguide, only propagate perpendicular linear polarization light.When perpendicular linear polarization light wave inputs from tail optical fiber, perpendicular linear polarization light exports from Y shape branch-waveguide, parallel lines polarized light will export from semicircular waveguide mechanism, and the perpendicular linear polarization light inputted from Y shape branch-waveguide and the parallel lines polarized light from the input of semicircular waveguide mechanism all export from tail optical fiber.As can be seen here, no matter be the vertical direction linearly polarized light propagated from Y shape branch-waveguide, or from semicircular waveguide propagate parallel direction linearly polarized light, all by output port coupling output to tail optical fiber.The slow axis butt coupling of wherein Y shape branch-waveguide and tail optical fiber can be allowed, the fast axle butt coupling of semicircular waveguide and tail optical fiber.The linearly polarized light entered by output port, slow axial light is coupled to Y shape branch-waveguide arm relaying and resumes and broadcast, and fast axial light is coupled to semicircular waveguide mechanism relaying and resumes and broadcast.
Y shape branch-waveguide only propagates the waveguide of vertical polarization, and during propagation parallel polarization light, loss is greater than 60dB, and semicircular waveguide only propagates the waveguide in parallel polarization direction, and during propagation vertical polarization light, loss is greater than 60dB.
Two output ports of described Y shape branch-waveguide are that 10 °-15 ° tiltedly cast is put, and make two y branch waveguide length asymmetric, reduce the coherence of back-reflection light wave.
Described tail optical fiber can also connect Sagnac sensing coil, one of them tail optical fiber docks with sensing coil 90 °, another tail optical fiber and sensing coil parallel docking, realize the length doubles of sensing coil, and can suppress polarization acoustic, Faraday effect etc. to a great extent.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
(1) owing to being provided with path separately for perpendicular linear polarization light and parallel lines polarized light, the interference of polarization acoustic is greatly reduced;
(2) due to the existence of annular passage, light wave can be allowed in sensing coil to go in ring twice, make sensing coil length doubles;
(3) adopt the interfere type of this Y waveguide to protect inclined gyro and can also suppress Faraday nonreciprocal phase shift, its random walk simultaneously also has clear improvement.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention.
In figure, 1 be input optical fibre, 2 be Y shape branch-waveguide arm, 3 be Y shape branch-waveguide arm, 4 be semicircular waveguide, 5 be tail optical fiber, 6 for tail optical fiber.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment
For the polarization annular Y waveguide structure of optical fibre gyro, its structure as shown in Figure 1.Comprise a Y shape branch-waveguide and a semicircular waveguide, and an input optical fibre and two exports the inclined optical fiber pigtail of guarantor.Input optical fibre and Y shape branch-waveguide semicircular waveguide are positioned at the output terminal of Y shape branch-waveguide, and the low-loss linear polarization of semicircular waveguide transmission light is vertical with the low-loss linear polarization of existing y branch waveguide transmission light.The two ends of this semicircular waveguide and two output terminals of Y shape branch-waveguide tangent, ensure that the low-loss linear polarization of semicircular waveguide and existing y branch waveguide transmission light is consistent with protecting the inclined polarization direction exporting optical fiber pigtail like this.Wherein, backing material is made up of lithium niobate or other material.Semicircular waveguide 4 and Y shape branch-waveguide arm 2, Y shape branch-waveguide arm 3 are made up of lithium niobate, the polarization eigen state of semicircular waveguide 4 and Y shape branch-waveguide arm 2, Y shape branch-waveguide arm 3 are orthogonal, transmit the light of linear polarization and the linearly polarized light of vertical direction in parallel polarization direction respectively.Make the output terminal of Y shape branch-waveguide arm 2, Y shape branch-waveguide arm 3 and protect inclined tail optical fiber 5, tail optical fiber 6 slow axis dock, semicircular waveguide 4 with guarantor inclined tail optical fiber 5, tail optical fiber 6 fast axle dock.
A propagation perpendicular linear polarization light in Y shape branch-waveguide arm 2, Y shape branch-waveguide arm 3, during propagation parallel polarization light, loss is greater than 60dB, only propagates parallel lines polarized light in semicircular waveguide 4, and during propagation vertical polarization light, loss is greater than 60dB.When light wave inputs from the inclined tail optical fiber 5 of guarantor, tail optical fiber 6, perpendicular linear polarization light exports from Y shape branch-waveguide arm 2, Y shape branch-waveguide arm 3, parallel lines polarized light will export from semicircular waveguide 4, and the perpendicular linear polarization light from Y shape branch-waveguide arm 2, the input of Y shape branch-waveguide arm 3 and the parallel lines polarized light from semicircular waveguide 4 input all export from the inclined tail optical fiber 5 of guarantor, tail optical fiber 6.As can be seen here, be no matter the vertical direction linearly polarized light propagated from Y shape branch-waveguide arm 2, Y shape branch-waveguide arm 3, or from the parallel direction linearly polarized light that semicircular waveguide 4 is propagated, all by output port coupling output to protecting inclined tail optical fiber 5, tail optical fiber 6.Y shape branch-waveguide arm 2,3, Y shape branch-waveguide arm propagate the waveguide of vertical polarization, in addition, two output ports of Y shape branch-waveguide arm 2, Y shape branch-waveguide arm 3 are 10 ° and tiltedly cast and put, and make two y branch waveguide length asymmetric, reduce the coherence of back-reflection light wave.
Tail optical fiber 5, tail optical fiber 6 can also connect Sagnac sensing coil, one of them tail optical fiber docks with sensing coil 90 °, another tail optical fiber and sensing coil parallel docking, realize the length doubles of sensing coil, and can suppress polarization acoustic, Faraday effect etc. to a great extent.
The polarization optical waveguide of Y waveguide structure as accompanying drawing 1, A to C point optical waveguide and B to D point of going in ring has the same structure and characteristics, and they are that Y shape branch-waveguide arm 2, Y shape branch-waveguide arm 3, D point are orthogonal with conventional waveguide to the local oscillator polarization state of the semicircular waveguide 4 of C point.Y shape branch-waveguide has two branch arm 2,3, and semicircular waveguide 4 becomes semicircle at output terminal and connects Liang Tiao branch, and this three Luciola substriata forms polarizing circulators, and is coupled to form with polarization maintaining optical fibre at output terminal and exports tail optical fiber.After adding 90 ° of optically-active catoptrons at the arbitrary output port of the Y waveguide that can realize polarized light circulating, parallel lines polarized light will be become from the perpendicular linear polarization light of y branch waveguide input and return, but enter semicircular waveguide.
Usually, we represent the orientation of crystal substrates with " the cutting " in certain direction, namely represent a certain surface being axially perpendicular to crystal of crystal, such as x cuts, y cuts and cut with z.Y shape branch-waveguide conventional at present, wherein the orientation of lithium columbate crystal substrate adopts x to cut mostly, and y propagates, the preparation of Y waveguide: the Y shape branch-waveguide method for making first with traditional is identical, and substrate is by lithium niobate (LiNbO
3) or other suitable materials composition.Waveguide material is lithium niobate, adopts proton exchange or other technique to diffuse to form waveguide section on substrate.Due to its structure and boundary condition, make the light wave can only propagating perpendicular linear polarization direction in Y shape branch-waveguide arm 2, Y shape branch-waveguide arm 3, if transmission parallel polarized light, loss is at more than 60dB.
Next semicircular waveguide is prepared, because deep diffusion difficulty in technique is higher, so take the way of splicing.Traditional Y shape branch-waveguide cuts out a part, forms a semicircular indentations.Make an energy and semicircular indentations slitless connection again, and the identical semicircle substrate bulk of size, the arc surface of semicircle substrate carries out diffuse to form semicircular waveguide, again by semicircle block 4 slitless connection on semicircular indentations, so just made the semicircular waveguide only propagating parallel polarization direction light, and Y shape branch-waveguide and semicircular waveguide realize overlapping at output terminal C, D.
Y waveguide output terminal two low-loss linearly polarized light direction is consistent with the fast axle and slow axis protecting inclined tail optical fiber, butt coupling.Shape and other performances of waveguide do not do specific requirement, only need to ensure above-mentioned propagation characteristic requirement.
Tail optical fiber 5, tail optical fiber 6 adopt polarization maintaining optical fibre, keep its polarization state when can ensure that light wave is propagated in a fiber like this.
The application of interfere type polarization maintaining optical fibre gyro
Y branch waveguide structure of being gone in ring by this polarization is applied to interfere type polarization maintaining optical fibre gyro, i.e. connecting fiber sensing coil after Y waveguide protects inclined tail optical fiber, and sensing coil is necessary for polarization maintaining optical fibre.Wherein a tail optical fiber docks with fiber optic coils 90 °, and namely the slow axis of tail optical fiber docks with the fast axle of optical fiber, and the fast axle of tail optical fiber docks with the slow axis of optical fiber; Another root tail optical fiber and fiber optic coils parallel docking, namely the slow axis of tail optical fiber docks with optical fiber slow axis, and the fast axle of tail optical fiber docks with the fast axle of optical fiber.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, perpendicular linear polarization light enters polarizing circulators by A point, comes C point, enter tail optical fiber by Y shape branch-waveguide arm 2, Y shape branch-waveguide arm 3, dock because a wherein tail optical fiber is 90 ° with optical fiber, therefore light wave is propagated through coil and is become parallel lines polarized light and come D port.Then light wave will be come C port via semicircular waveguide 4 and enter tail optical fiber and carry out second time transmission, and second time becomes perpendicular linear polarization light again through coil and arrives port D, then reaches B point via Y shape branch-waveguide arm 2, Y shape branch-waveguide arm 3.Like this, owing to propagating twice in coil, be equivalent to loop length to become original 2 times.In like manner, when perpendicular linear polarization light is entered by B point, also 2 annulars of light wave in fiber optic coils will be realized.
Above-mentioned example, only for technical conceive of the present invention and feature are described, can not limit the protection domain of this invention with this.Every equivalent transformation of doing according to inventive idea or modification, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. to go in ring Y waveguide structure for the polarization of optical fibre gyro, comprise Y waveguide, input optical fibre is coupling-connected to Y waveguide input end, and two protect and partially export optical fiber pigtail, are coupling-connected to Y waveguide two output terminal, it is characterized in that,
A semicircular waveguide is connected between Y shape branch-waveguide two output terminals, the two ends of this semicircular waveguide and two output terminals of Y shape branch-waveguide tangent and export and protect inclined optical fiber pigtail with two and be of coupled connections and form the output tail optical fiber of the Y waveguide that can realize polarized light circulating, the low-loss linear polarization of described semicircular waveguide transmission light is vertical with the low-loss linear polarization of y branch waveguide transmission light.
2. the polarization for optical fibre gyro according to claim 1 goes in ring Y waveguide structure, it is characterized in that, described Y waveguide output terminal two low-loss linearly polarized light direction is consistent with the fast axle and slow axis protecting inclined optical fiber pigtail, butt coupling, the wherein slow axis butt coupling of Y shape branch-waveguide and tail optical fiber, the fast axle butt coupling of semicircular waveguide and tail optical fiber.
3. the polarization for optical fibre gyro according to claim 1 goes in ring Y waveguide structure, and it is characterized in that, the length of described Y shape branch-waveguide two-arm is unequal, and two output ports are that 10 °-15 ° tiltedly cast is put.
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| CN104625944A (en) * | 2015-02-26 | 2015-05-20 | 中国电子科技集团公司第四十四研究所 | Photonic crystal fiber end face polishing method and device obtained according to photonic crystal fiber end face polishing method |
| CN104714275A (en) * | 2015-03-06 | 2015-06-17 | 兰州大学 | Y-branch-based easily-integrated silica-based wave guide optical reflector |
| CN105806329B (en) * | 2016-03-16 | 2018-11-02 | 北京航天时代光电科技有限公司 | Integrated optical modulator and fiber-optic gyroscope light path for the optical fibre gyro interferometer light path that doubles |
| CN105973222A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-09-28 | 同济大学 | Sagnac phase shifting multiplication structure of interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope |
| CN107328404B (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2020-07-28 | 同济大学 | Oversized Sagnac interference type fiber-optic gyroscope with N-multiplied effective fiber-optic length |
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| CN101294808A (en) * | 2008-06-12 | 2008-10-29 | 浙江大学 | Optical fiber gyroscope based on double-core photon crystal optical fiber |
| EP2169350A2 (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-03-31 | Honeywell International Inc. | Bias-reduced fiber optic gyroscope |
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| US5745619A (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1998-04-28 | Lucent Technologies Inc. | Low-loss optical power splitter for high-definition waveguides |
| US20130170781A1 (en) * | 2011-12-28 | 2013-07-04 | Karl Kissa | Y-branch dual optical phase modulator |
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| CN101294808A (en) * | 2008-06-12 | 2008-10-29 | 浙江大学 | Optical fiber gyroscope based on double-core photon crystal optical fiber |
| EP2169350A2 (en) * | 2008-09-24 | 2010-03-31 | Honeywell International Inc. | Bias-reduced fiber optic gyroscope |
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