CN103940415A - Polarization-maintaining fiber sensing loop structure of fiber optic gyroscope - Google Patents
Polarization-maintaining fiber sensing loop structure of fiber optic gyroscope Download PDFInfo
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- CN103940415A CN103940415A CN201410116142.4A CN201410116142A CN103940415A CN 103940415 A CN103940415 A CN 103940415A CN 201410116142 A CN201410116142 A CN 201410116142A CN 103940415 A CN103940415 A CN 103940415A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C19/00—Gyroscopes; Turn-sensitive devices using vibrating masses; Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses; Measuring angular rate using gyroscopic effects
- G01C19/58—Turn-sensitive devices without moving masses
- G01C19/64—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams
- G01C19/72—Gyrometers using the Sagnac effect, i.e. rotation-induced shifts between counter-rotating electromagnetic beams with counter-rotating light beams in a passive ring, e.g. fibre laser gyrometers
- G01C19/721—Details
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a polarization-maintaining fiber sensing loop structure of a fiber optic gyroscope. The structure comprises a Y-shaped branch waveguide modulator and a polarization-maintaining fiber sensing coil, and also comprises a first polarization beam combiner and a second polarization beam combiner; two coupling input terminuses, which have the same polarization direction perpendicular to the direction of polarized light output by the Y-shaped branch waveguide modulator, of the first polarization beam combiner and the second polarization beam combiner are connected in a coupling way for forming a polarization circulator; the other two coupling input terminuses of the first polarization beam combiner and the second polarization beam combiner are respectively connected with two coupling output terminuses of the Y-shaped branch waveguide modulator in a coupling way; and two coupling output terminuses of the first polarization beam combiner and the second polarization beam combiner are respectively connected with two ends of the polarization-maintaining fiber sensing coil in a polarization-maintaining coupling way. Compared with the prior art, the polarization-maintaining fiber sensing loop structure is capable of effectively inhibiting bias drift caused by faraday nonreciprocal phase shift and polarization crosstalk nonreciprocal phase shift.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of optical fibre gyro, especially relate to the polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing loop structure of a kind of optical fibre gyro.
Background technology
Optical fibre gyro is taking sensor coil and integrated optical device as basic inertial navigation device, for autonomous rotatablely move (angular velocity of rotation) of carrier with respect to inertial space of measuring, for exact position and the direction etc. of inertia system perception carrier self have key effect.Optical fibre gyro is the angular-rate sensor based on Sagnac effect, and Sagnac effect is: in the time that optical loop coil rotates, produce phase differential clockwise and counterclockwise between the two-beam through same loop transmission.Interference optical fiber top (IFOG) is exactly clockwise and by the interference between fiber optic loop transmission light, phase signal is converted to output light intensity signal counterclockwise, be converted to electric signal through photoelectric detector, by the angular velocity of rotation of gyro processing of circuit output carrier.Therefore in optical fibre gyro, there is no moving component; and because the loss of optical fiber is extremely low; so optical fibre gyro has, shock resistance, long-life, precision are high, price, size, weight aspect have obvious advantage; be applicable to the advantage of large-scale production; in industry and Military Application, expand many newer purposes, become one of inertia device at present with the fastest developing speed.
Optical fibre gyro is made up of sensing optics gauge outfit and modulation-demodulation circuit two parts, and sensing optics gauge outfit is made up of integrated Y shape branch-waveguide modulator and fiber optic sensing coil again.The precision of optical fibre gyro is mainly determined by sensing optics gauge outfit, is also the main error source of gyro.The basic mechanical design feature index of optical fibre gyro has constant multiplier and stability and symmetry, angle random walk and zero bias stability.Influence scale factor stability and symmetric main cause have the stability of light source mean center wavelength and sensing coil length, and the linearity of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator and signal processing circuit.Angle random walk is the parameter that signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) is relevant, is the tolerance of gyro minimum detectable sensitivity, relevant with Equalization Design and squelch and filtering technique.Zero inclined to one side degree of stability can be thought the credible detection sensitivity of gyro.Zero inclined to one side error is mainly from polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil, comprise polarization interference, Faraday effect, time changing environment temperature and stress (vibration and the sound wave) nonreciprocal phase shift that causes.
Chinese patent CN100494897 disclose a kind of adopt low partially and the optical fibre gyro of mixed optical path of polarization maintaining, comprise low polarized light source, Y waveguide, detector, coupling mechanism and polarization maintaining optical fibre, but this optical fibre gyro can only reduce the impact of light path polarization interference to a certain extent.Be to adopt the magnetic shielding that increases volume and weight to the solution of Faraday nonreciprocal phase shift at present, the zero inclined to one side error that polarization interference nonreciprocal phase shift is caused is mainly by improving sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre performance and the coiling and the packaging technology that improve polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil.But be subject to the restriction of basic industries level (mechanical precision and material purity), limited to the improvement of zero bias stability.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to invent the polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing loop structure of a kind of optical fibre gyro in order to overcome the defect that above-mentioned prior art exists, can effectively suppress the bias drift that faraday's nonreciprocal phase shift, polarization interference nonreciprocal phase shift cause, make equivalent sensing coil length increase to the twice of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre length.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing loop structure for optical fibre gyro, comprises Y shape branch-waveguide modulator and polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil, also comprises the first polarization beam combiner and the second polarization beam combiner;
Two identical and vertical with the direction of polarized light of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator output couple input of polarization direction of described the first polarization beam combiner and the second polarization beam combiner are of coupled connections, and form polarization circulator;
On described the first polarization beam combiner and the second polarization beam combiner, two other couple input is of coupled connections with two coupling output terminals of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator respectively;
Two coupling output terminals on described the first polarization beam combiner and the second polarization beam combiner are protected and are partially of coupled connections with the two ends of polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil respectively;
The coupling output terminal of described the first polarization beam combiner, the second polarization beam combiner is two coupling outputs of polarization circulator and protects inclined to one side tail optical fiber;
Clockwise and the counterclockwise linearly polarized light being conveyed into from Y shape branch-waveguide modulator replaces transmission primaries along fast axle and the slow axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil respectively by polarization circulator.
Described guarantor be partially of coupled connections refer to the coupling output of polarization circulator protect the slow axis of inclined to one side tail optical fiber and the slow axis of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre or soon axle aim at welding.
Also comprise 90 ° of optical rotation plates, these 90 ° of optical rotation plates are located at before the coupling output terminal of the first polarization beam combiner or the second polarization beam combiner.
Compared with prior art, structure of the present invention makes clockwise and counterclockwise light replace transmission primaries along fast axle and the slow axis of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre respectively, has the following advantages:
(1) can effectively be suppressed under external magnetic field environment the bias drift that in optical fibre gyro polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil, faraday's nonreciprocal phase shift causes.
(2) can effectively suppress the bias drift that in optical fibre gyro polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil, polarization interference nonreciprocal phase shift causes.
(3) can make equivalent sensing coil length increase to the twice of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre length.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the second structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the third structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the 4th kind of structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.The present embodiment is implemented as prerequisite taking technical solution of the present invention, provided detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
Embodiment mono-
As shown in Figure 1, the polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing loop structure of a kind of optical fibre gyro, comprises Y shape branch-waveguide modulator 2, the first polarization beam combiner 12, the second polarization beam combiner 13,19 and 90 ° of optical rotation plates 14 of polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil.Each polarization beam combiner has two orthogonal optically-coupled input ends in polarization direction and an optically-coupled output terminal, the vertical optically-coupled input end 9,10 of polarization direction direction of polarized light identical and that export with Y shape branch-waveguide modulator 2 of the first polarization beam combiner 12, the second polarization beam combiner 13 is of coupled connections at point 11 places
Form polarization circulator, polarization circulator has two optically-coupled input ends and two optically-coupled output terminals, the first polarization beam combiner 12, second polarization beam combiner 13 two other couple input 5, 6 respectively with two of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator 2 coupling output terminals 3, 4 at point 7, 8 places are of coupled connections, the first polarization beam combiner 12, the coupling output terminal 15 of the second polarization beam combiner 13, 16 are putting 17 with the two ends of polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil 19 respectively, protect and be partially of coupled connections at 18 places, protecting is of coupled connections partially refer to the coupling output of polarization circulator protect the slow axis of inclined to one side tail optical fiber and the slow axis of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre or soon axle aim at welding, the first polarization beam combiner 12, the coupling output terminal 15 of the second polarization beam combiner 13, inclined to one side tail optical fiber is protected in 16 two coupling outputs that are polarization circulator.Before 90 ° of optical rotation plates 14 are located at the coupling output terminal 15 of the first polarization beam combiner 12.
In the present invention, polarization circulator can form with two polarization beam combiners, each polarization beam combiner has two input ends and an output terminal, the polarization direction of two input ends is orthogonal, a parallel polarization, another vertical polarization, the identical mutual guarantor in two polarization directions of two polarization beam combiners connects and composes the belt branch road of polarization circulator partially.Polarization circulator has three light transmission paths, and first is input and the outgoing route of clockwise light, and second is input and the outgoing route of counterclockwise light, and the 3rd is circulation path.The first and second path input light polarization direction are identical with the output light polarization direction of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator, are all parallel polarization or vertical polarization.The polarization direction in Third Road footpath is vertical with the output light polarization direction of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator.
The first and second path couplings output tail optical fiber slow-axis directions of polarization circulator are parallel with the output light polarization direction of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator or when vertical, before the coupling output of one of two bundling devices, add 90 ° of optical rotation plates, and the parallel welding of slow axis of the coupling of polarization circulator output tail optical fiber slow axis and sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre.When the first and second path couplings output tail optical fiber slow-axis directions of polarization circulator are mutually vertical, the coupling output tail optical fiber slow axis of polarization circulator and the parallel welding of slow axis of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre.The first and second path couplings output tail optical fiber slow-axis directions of polarization circulator are parallel with the output light polarization direction of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator or when vertical, the parallel welding of slow axis of one of polarization circulator coupling output tail optical fiber slow axis and sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre, another is vertical.
As shown in Figure 1, light is inputted from the input end 1 of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator 2, after Y shape branch-waveguide modulator 2, be divided into clockwise and counterclockwise two-way parallel lines polarized light output, to the clockwise parallel lines polarized light by the output of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator top set, become along the perpendicular linear polarization light of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre 19 slow axis through 3 → 7 → 5 → 12 → 14 → 15 → 17, again through 19 → 18 → 16 output perpendicular linear polarization light, the second polarization beam combiner 13 will be by 10 output perpendicular linear polarization light, by 11 → 9 first polarization beam combiners 12 that go in ring, again become along the parallel lines polarized light of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre 19 fast axles through 12 → 14 → 15 → 17, again through 19 → 18 → 16 output parallel lines polarized lights, the second polarization beam combiner 13 will be by 6 output parallel lines polarized lights, form clockwise back light through 6 → 8 → 4.To the counterclockwise parallel lines polarized light by the 2 inferior division outputs of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator, become along the parallel lines polarized light of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre 19 fast axles through 4 → 8 → 6 → 13 → 16 → 18, again through 19 → 17 → 15 output parallel lines polarized lights, be converted to perpendicular linear polarization light through 90 ° of optical rotation plates 14, the first polarization beam combiner 12 will be by 9 output perpendicular linear polarization light, by 11 → 10 second polarization beam combiners 13 that go in ring, again become along the perpendicular linear polarization light of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre 19 slow axis through 13 → 16 → 18, again through 19 → 17 → 15 output perpendicular linear polarization light, again be converted to parallel lines polarized light through 90 ° of optical rotation plates 14, the first polarization beam combiner 12 will be by 5 output parallel lines polarized lights, form counterclockwise back light through 7 → 4.So the clockwise and counterclockwise light of inputting from Y shape branch-waveguide modulator 2 replaces transmission primaries along the slow axis of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre 19 with fast axle respectively by polarization circulator, equivalent sensing length is greater than the twice of polarization maintaining optical fibre length.
Embodiment bis-
As shown in Figure 2, the present embodiment is only that 90 ° of optical rotation plates move on to the position that the second polarization beam combiner 13 is corresponding from the first polarization beam combiner 12 with the difference of embodiment mono-, so the clockwise and counterclockwise light of embodiment bis-replaces transmission primaries along fast axle and the slow axis of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre respectively, equivalent sensing length is greater than the twice of polarization maintaining optical fibre length.
Embodiment tri-
As shown in Figure 3, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment mono-and two is only to have saved 90 ° of optical rotation plates, in embodiment tri-, the coupling of the first polarization beam combiner 12 output is protected inclined to one side tail optical fiber slow axis and is aimed at welding with the fast axle of polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil 19, and the coupling output of the second polarization beam combiner 13 is protected inclined to one side tail optical fiber slow axis and aimed at welding with the slow axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil 19.
Embodiment tetra-
As shown in Figure 4, it is only that the coupling output of the second polarization beam combiner 13 is protected inclined to one side tail optical fiber slow axis and aimed at welding with the fast axle of polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil 19 that the present embodiment and embodiment tri-distinguish, and the coupling of the first polarization beam combiner 12 is exported the inclined to one side tail optical fiber slow axis of guarantor and aimed at welding with the slow axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil 19.
Above embodiment can realize clockwise and counterclockwise light and replace transmission primaries along fast axle and the slow axis of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre respectively, and equivalent sensing length is greater than the twice of polarization maintaining optical fibre length.
Above-mentioned example is only explanation technical conceive of the present invention and feature, can not limit with this protection domain of this invention.Every equivalent transformation that idea is done according to the present invention or modification, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing loop structure of an optical fibre gyro, comprise Y shape branch-waveguide modulator (2) and polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil (19), it is characterized in that, also comprise the first polarization beam combiner (12) and the second polarization beam combiner (13);
Identical and vertical with the direction of polarized light of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator (2) output two couple input (9,10) in polarization direction of described the first polarization beam combiner (12) and the second polarization beam combiner (13) are of coupled connections, and form polarization circulator;
Two other couple input (5,6) of described the first polarization beam combiner (12) and the second polarization beam combiner (13) is of coupled connections with two coupling output terminals (3,4) of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator (2) respectively;
Two coupling output terminals (15,16) on described the first polarization beam combiner (12) and the second polarization beam combiner (13) are protected and are partially of coupled connections with the two ends of polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil (19) respectively;
The coupling output terminal (15,16) of described the first polarization beam combiner (12), the second polarization beam combiner (13) is two coupling outputs of polarization circulator and protects inclined to one side tail optical fiber;
Replace transmission primaries along fast axle and the slow axis of polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing coil (19) from the clockwise and counterclockwise linearly polarized light of Y shape branch-waveguide modulator (2) input respectively by polarization circulator.
2. the polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing loop structure of a kind of optical fibre gyro according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described guarantor be partially of coupled connections refer to polarization circulator coupling output protect the slow axis of inclined to one side tail optical fiber and the slow axis of sensing coil polarization maintaining optical fibre or soon axle aim at welding.
3. the polarization maintaining optical fibre sensing loop structure of a kind of optical fibre gyro according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise 90 ° of optical rotation plates (14), these 90 ° of optical rotation plates (14) are located at before the coupling output terminal of the first polarization beam combiner (12) or the second polarization beam combiner (13).
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| CN201410116142.4A CN103940415A (en) | 2014-03-26 | 2014-03-26 | Polarization-maintaining fiber sensing loop structure of fiber optic gyroscope |
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Cited By (9)
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| CN105301302A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-02-03 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | High-precision all-fiber current transformer sensing coil manufacturing method |
| CN105973222A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-09-28 | 同济大学 | Sagnac phase shifting multiplication structure of interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope |
| CN107328404A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-07 | 同济大学 | The super large Sagnac interference optical fiber tops of effective fiber length N multiplications |
| CN111366145A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-03 | 浙江大学 | Optical multiplication device and method for polarization maintaining optical fiber sensitive coil of optical fiber gyroscope |
| CN111811494A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-23 | 浙江大学 | Multiple optical multiplication device and method for optical fiber gyroscope light path |
| CN111811495A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-23 | 浙江大学 | Optical multiple multiplication device and method of polarization maintaining optical fiber ring |
| CN112129279A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-25 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | Optical signal range-extending design structure of optical fiber gyroscope and miniaturized high-precision optical fiber gyroscope |
| CN114018391A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-08 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Method and device for inhibiting interference light intensity fading |
| CN114322976A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-04-12 | 深圳奥斯诺导航科技有限公司 | Optical fiber gyroscope and relative intensity noise optical suppression method thereof |
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Cited By (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105301302A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2016-02-03 | 北京自动化控制设备研究所 | High-precision all-fiber current transformer sensing coil manufacturing method |
| CN105973222A (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2016-09-28 | 同济大学 | Sagnac phase shifting multiplication structure of interferometric fiber-optic gyroscope |
| CN107328404A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-07 | 同济大学 | The super large Sagnac interference optical fiber tops of effective fiber length N multiplications |
| CN107328404B (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2020-07-28 | 同济大学 | Oversized Sagnac interference type fiber-optic gyroscope with N-multiplied effective fiber-optic length |
| CN111366145A (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2020-07-03 | 浙江大学 | Optical multiplication device and method for polarization maintaining optical fiber sensitive coil of optical fiber gyroscope |
| CN111811495A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-23 | 浙江大学 | Optical multiple multiplication device and method of polarization maintaining optical fiber ring |
| CN111811494A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-10-23 | 浙江大学 | Multiple optical multiplication device and method for optical fiber gyroscope light path |
| CN111811494B (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-04-05 | 浙江大学 | Multiple optical multiplication device and method for optical fiber gyroscope light path |
| CN111811495B (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-04-08 | 浙江大学 | Optical multiple multiplication device and method of polarization maintaining optical fiber ring |
| CN112129279A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-25 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | Optical signal range-extending design structure of optical fiber gyroscope and miniaturized high-precision optical fiber gyroscope |
| CN114018391A (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2022-02-08 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Method and device for inhibiting interference light intensity fading |
| CN114018391B (en) * | 2021-11-04 | 2023-09-26 | 全球能源互联网研究院有限公司 | Method and device for inhibiting interference light intensity fading |
| CN114322976A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-04-12 | 深圳奥斯诺导航科技有限公司 | Optical fiber gyroscope and relative intensity noise optical suppression method thereof |
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