Containing the composition of oligosaccharides and miazines sterilization component
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of composition containing oligosaccharides and miazines sterilization component, composition is used for preventing and treating the multiple diseases such as rice blast, downy mildew, powdery mildew, smut, anthracnose, late blight, leaf spot, scab.
Background technology
Come from the compound that organism and biodegradability are good and caused pesticide research person's very big interest.In these compounds, have no side effect, the oligosaccharides of easily biological-degradable has very large potentiality, becomes the new medicament of controlling disease.Oligosaccharides is as the important plant inducing anti-disease agent of a class, derive from the research of the oligosaccharide of plant, research shows, oligosaccharides resist pathogen corrode process in, can induction excite plant to produce a series of defense reaction, these defense reaction synergies stop propagation and the invasion of pathogen, reach the effect of preventing and curing diseases.Meanwhile, oligosaccharides is also the plant hormone that a class is new, has the effects such as regulation and control growth and development of plants, and it can send the information that regulates specified plant function, and these functions comprise growth promotion, cold-resistant, drought resisting etc.
Fluopicolide, English common name flupicolide, chemical name 2, the chloro-N-of 6-bis-(the chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-2-of 3-picolyl) benzamide, molecular formula is C
14h
8cl
3f
3n
2o.Fluopicolide is mainly used in preventing and treating Oomycete disease as downy mildew, epidemic disease etc., in addition rice blast, gray mold, powdery mildew is had to certain preventive effect.
Fluazinam, English common name fluazinam, the chloro-N-of chemical name 3-(the chloro-5-trifluoromethyl-2-of 3-pyridine radicals)-α, α, α-tri-are fluoro-2,6-dinitro para-totuidine, molecular formula is C
13h
4cl
2f
6n
4o
4.The concrete disease that fluazinam can be prevented and treated has gray mold of cucumber, downy mildew, anthracnose, powdery mildew, tomato late blight, apple scab, leaf spot, Pear black spot, rust, rice blast, banded sclerotial blight, crown hull sugar, grape grey mould, downy mildew, citrus scab, gray mold, potato late blight, lawn spot disease etc.Botrytis cinerea pathogen to anti-benzimidazole type and dicarboximide series bactericidal agent also has good result, and fluazinam resistance of rainwater washing against, and the lasting period is long.
Pyrifenox, English common name pyrifenox, chemical name 2, the chloro-2-of 4-bis-(3-pyridine radicals) acetophenone-O-methyloxime, molecular formula is C
14h
12cl
2n
2o.Pyrifenox is the systemic fungicide with protection and therapeutic action, can prevent and treat crop powdery mildew, leaf spot, scab etc.
Boscalid, English common name boscalid, the chloro-N-of chemical name 2-(4 '-chlordiphenyl-2-yl) vitamin PP, molecular formula is C
18h
12cl
2n
2o.Boscalid is permeated in plant and is shifted by blade face, suppresses mitochondrial succinate ester dehydrase, hinders tricarbonic acid cycle, disturbs division and the growth of pathogen cell, has protection and therapeutic action.Suppressing spore germination, germ tube extension, mycelial growth and spore mother cell forms.Boscalid is mainly used in preventing and treating powdery mildew, gray mold, various rot, brown rot and root rot.
Pyridines bactericide is selected from the one in fluopicolide, fluazinam, pyrifenox, Boscalid, and this sterilization component is mitochondrial respiratory inhibitor, passes through at cytochrome b and C
1between electronics shift suppress mitochondrial breathing.For such medicament of Reasonable Protection, delay germ to the drug-fast generation of new medicament and improve the control efficiency of medicament, be necessary to carry out rational composition research.Also there is no at present the report about oligosaccharides and above-mentioned sterilization component composition research.Inventor, by the research of the composite effect to bactericidal composition, has found some beyond thought effects.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a composition containing kind of oligosaccharides and miazines sterilization component, the object of the invention is to realize by following measures.
The invention provides a kind of composition containing oligosaccharides and miazines sterilization component, it is characterized in that in said composition, oligosaccharides is selected from least one in chitosan oligosaccharide, pectic oligosaccharides, sodium alginate oligosaccharides, and miazines sterilization component is selected from the one in fluopicolide, fluazinam, pyrifenox, Boscalid.
In above-mentioned bactericidal composition, the ratio of quality and the number of copies of oligosaccharides and miazines sterilization component two components is 1:10-10:1, and preferred, ratio of quality and the number of copies is 1:5-5:1.
In above-mentioned bactericidal composition, the quality sum of oligosaccharides and miazines sterilization component accounts for the 1-60% of bactericidal composition gross mass percentage.
Above-mentioned composition of the present invention can be made into suspending agent, wetting powder, water dispersible granules, aqua, microemulsion, aqueous emulsion, for spraying, filling root, seed dressing etc.
The present invention also provides the purposes of above-mentioned composition for controlling plant diseases, the disease of suitable control has the fungus-caused rice blast of Fungi Imperfecti, scab, the fungus-caused powdery mildew of Ascomycotina, leaf spot etc., the fungus-caused downy mildew of Mastigomycotina, epidemic disease, peronospora tabacina etc., banded sclerotial blight, smut etc. that Basidiomycotina causes.Therefore, the present invention also comprises the purposes of various agricultural fungal diseases on above-mentioned composition control plant.
The present invention also finds, above-mentioned bactericidal composition, in the situation that active component uses total amount to reduce separately, has good control efficiency to rice blast, cucumber downy mildew, wheat powdery mildew, and synergistic effect is obvious.
In the purposes of above-mentioned composition of the present invention, described plant is paddy rice, wheat, cucumber, capsicum, watermelon, apple, grape, oranges and tangerines, pears, lichee, flowers, lawn etc.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, synergistic effect is obvious: composition shows good synergistic effect in certain ratio range, has improved the protection effect of composition.
2, reduce use cost: because compositely thering is the preventive effect of raising, control spectrum increases, and has reduced access times, has reduced use cost;
3, delay pesticide resistance: the composition of two kinds of different mechanism of action is composite, pathogen is difficult for developing immunity to drugs, and delays pathogen to the drug-fast generation of medicament.
Embodiment
Following examples are to further illustrate of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to composition and purposes in present embodiment.
Embodiment 1 is containing the control efficiency of chitosan oligosaccharide composition to rice blast
Single compound or composition are prepared into the mother liquor of 1000mg/L with organic solvent dissolution.According to biological activity determination trial test, a certain amount of above-mentioned mother liquor is diluted with 0.1% Tween 80, be mixed with the concentration needing.When mensuration, first liquid medicine jet is imposed on to pot rice plant, then inoculate pathogen, moisturizing is cultivated after 24h, is placed in greenhouse and cultivates, and measures the percentage that plant leaf surface infects after certain hour.Use Abbot formula, convert percentage to preventive effect.
Theoretical preventive effect (%)=x+y-xy
X is the preventive effect of the active component A of working concentration while being a, and y is the preventive effect of the active component B of working concentration while being b.Relatively theoretical effect and actual effect, evaluates the synergy of composition, while being greater than theoretical preventive effect take actual preventive effect as synergistic effect.The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 is containing the control efficiency of chitosan oligosaccharide composition to rice blast
By potted plant test, as seen from Table 1, in the time that composition proportioning is 1:1-1:10, the composition of the composition of the composition of the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide and fluopicolide, chitosan oligosaccharide and fluazinam, chitosan oligosaccharide and pyrifenox, chitosan oligosaccharide and Boscalid to the actual effect of rice blast all higher than composition theoretical preventive effect.Obviously, the composition of chitosan oligosaccharide is synergy to rice blast.
The control efficiency of embodiment 2 pectic oligosaccharides compositions to cucumber downy mildew
Single compound or composition are prepared into the mother liquor of 1000mg/L with organic solvent dissolution.According to biological activity determination trial test, a certain amount of above-mentioned mother liquor is diluted with 0.1% Tween 80, be mixed with the concentration needing.When test, cucumber plant, substantially in 4 leaf phases, is investigated downy mildew incidence before the 1st medicine.Carried out cucumber downy mildew pot experiment with pectic oligosaccharides composition, and established corresponding single dose and blank, adopted the conventional conventional spray of manual sprayer, every medicament sprays 10 strains, and the 7-10d after 1 time that sprays sprays 1 time again.10-14d investigation after the 2nd dispenser, whole blades are investigated in every strain, and the total number of sheets of record investigation, the sick number of sheets, calculate disease index and preventive effect according to following stage division.
Blade staging:
0 grade: anosis
1 grade: the connected area of scab accounts for below 1% of whole leaf area;
3 grades: the connected area of scab accounts for the 1%-10% of whole leaf area;
5 grades: the connected area of scab accounts for the 11%-20% of whole leaf area;
7 grades: the connected area of scab accounts for the 21%-50% of whole leaf area;
9 grades: the connected area of scab accounts for the more than 51% of whole leaf area;
Theoretical preventive effect (%)=x+y-xy
X is the preventive effect of the active component A of working concentration while being a, and y is the preventive effect of the active component B of working concentration while being b.Relatively theoretical effect and actual effect, evaluates the synergy of composition, while being greater than theoretical preventive effect take actual preventive effect as synergistic effect.The results are shown in Table 2.
The control efficiency of table 2 pectic oligosaccharides composition to cucumber downy mildew
By pectic oligosaccharides composition, the potted plant test of cucumber downy mildew is found, in the time that composition proportioning is 1:2 and 1:10, the composition of the composition of the composition of the composition of pectic oligosaccharides and fluopicolide, pectic oligosaccharides and fluazinam, pectic oligosaccharides and pyrifenox, pectic oligosaccharides and Boscalid to the actual effect of cucumber downy mildew all higher than composition theoretical preventive effect.Obviously, the composition of pectic oligosaccharides is synergy to cucumber downy mildew.
Embodiment 3 sodium alginate oligosaccharide compositions are to wheat powdery mildew field trial
Carried out wheat powdery mildew field trial with composition, and established corresponding single dose and blank, every medicament is established community 30m2.Adopt the conventional conventional spray of knapsack sprayer, test is booting and each spray 1 time of flowering initial stage, 7~10d before medicine and after the 2nd dispenser, every processing is by 5 samplings, every 50 strains, whole blades are investigated in every strain, and the total number of sheets of record investigation, the sick number of sheets, calculate disease index and preventive effect according to following stage division.
Blade staging:
0 grade: anosis
1 grade: the connected area of scab accounts for below 1% of whole leaf area;
3 grades: the connected area of scab accounts for the 1%-5% of whole leaf area;
5 grades: the connected area of scab accounts for the 6%-25% of whole leaf area;
7 grades: the connected area of scab accounts for the 26%-50% of whole leaf area;
9 grades: the connected area of scab accounts for the more than 51% of whole leaf area;
Theoretical preventive effect (%)=x+y-xy
X is the preventive effect of the active component A of working concentration while being a, and y is the preventive effect of the active component B of working concentration while being b.Relatively theoretical effect and actual effect, evaluates the synergy of composition, while being greater than theoretical preventive effect take actual preventive effect as synergistic effect.The bactericidal composition that contains sodium alginate oligosaccharides the results are shown in Table 3 to the control efficiency of wheat powdery mildew.
The bactericidal composition that table 3 contains sodium alginate oligosaccharides is to wheat powdery mildew field effect
By containing sodium alginate oligosaccharide composition to the potted plant test discovery of wheat powdery mildew, in the time that composition proportioning is 2:1 and 1:5, the composition of the composition of the composition of the composition of sodium alginate oligosaccharides and fluopicolide, sodium alginate oligosaccharides and fluazinam, sodium alginate oligosaccharides and pyrifenox, sodium alginate oligosaccharides and Boscalid to the actual effect of wheat powdery mildew all higher than composition theoretical preventive effect.Obviously be, synergy containing the composition of sodium alginate oligosaccharides to wheat powdery mildew.