CN103825101B - Broadband flat plate array antenna - Google Patents
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- CN103825101B CN103825101B CN201410073352.XA CN201410073352A CN103825101B CN 103825101 B CN103825101 B CN 103825101B CN 201410073352 A CN201410073352 A CN 201410073352A CN 103825101 B CN103825101 B CN 103825101B
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Abstract
The invention discloses and a kind ofly can either realize broadband and the broadband flat plate array antenna of the gain of array antenna can be improved again.This broadband flat plate array antenna adopts a coupling slot to encourage two micro-band submatrixs; now the impedance of single microstrip line is higher; be easy to radiation patch and carry out high impedance coupling; thus the bandwidth of the micro-band submatrix of broadening; realize broadband, and the relative bandwidth of this feeding classification (S11 & lt; – 10dB) 16%, 1dB gain bandwidth can be reached can reach 14.6%, and the bandwidth of ordinary construction only has about 6%; In addition, adopt the feeding substrate integrated waveguide network of " work " font, the whole parallelly feeding of all micro-band submatrixs, along with the increase of array element, bandwidth is almost constant, and broadband character can be kept in large battle array, and the gain of array antenna can improve gradually; In addition, feeding network is positioned at the below of micro-band submatrix, can not increase additional circuit area, is conducive to array antenna miniaturization.Be adapted at microwave and millimeter wave antenna technical field to apply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave and millimeter wave antenna technical field, be specifically related to a kind of broadband flat plate array antenna.
Background technology
In a wireless communication system, antenna is the critical component of Signal reception and transmitting.Along with the development of wireless mobile telecommunication technology, require that microwave and millimeter wave antenna is while guarantee electric property, realizes the characteristics such as low section, high-gain, broadband as far as possible.
The implementation of low profile antenna mainly contains printed antenna and Waveguide slot antenna.Printed antenna thickness is little, lightweight, easily conformal with installation carrier; Shortcoming is that feeder line loss on millimeter-wave frequency is large, is difficult to realize higher gain.Waveguide slot antenna has higher radiation efficiency, easily realizes wave beam forming; Shortcoming is that volume is bigger than normal, and narrow bandwidth, cost is high.Substrate integration wave-guide is as a kind of new transmission line in recent years, and millimeter wave frequency band has less feeder loss, simultaneously easily and planar circuit integrated, be a kind of excellent millimeter wave feeder line structure.Utilize clearance channel or printed antenna as radiating element, the one that recycling substrate integration wave-guide becomes millimeter wave antenna group battle array as feeding network is better selected.
Such as, someone proposes a kind of millimeter wave array antenna, and it comprises one deck dielectric layer and double layer of metal copper clad layers.Upper strata metal copper clad layers drives radius, and lower metal copper clad layers, as ground level, utilizes metallization via hole to form power distributing network in middle dielectric layer.This version compact conformation, radiation efficiency is high, antenna maximum gain 33.1dBi, and shortcoming is narrow bandwidth, and 1dB gain bandwidth only has 2%.
Also someone proposes a kind of substrate integrated array antenna being applicable to millimeter wave frequency band.This structure comprises three-layer metal copper clad layers and two layer medium layer, lower metal copper clad layers, middle layer metal copper clad layers and underlying dielectric layers form feeding substrate integrated waveguide network, upper strata metal copper clad layers is circular patch radiating element, and top dielectric layer is that in the metal copper clad layers of upper strata, paster radiating element provides support.Antenna have employed 1 × 4 series connection cutler feed, then forms 4 × 4 arrays with one point of four power splitter.This array 1dB gain bandwidth can reach 6%, but considers that its feed have employed series feed structure, and strengthen with array antenna bore, its gain bandwidth can decline gradually; In addition, its feed structure area is comparatively large, is unfavorable for miniaturization, is difficult to carry out large array group battle array, to realize high-gain.
Can find from existing report, although substrate integration wave-guide has advantage in millimeter wave antenna and Array Design, but the contradiction well do not solved between high-gain and broadband, will realize array antenna complanation, high-gain, broadband character, difficulty is larger simultaneously.In addition the actual demand increasing gain is further also had, consider that long substrate integration wave-guide is also considerable in the dielectric loss of millimeter-wave frequency, bay increase the loss that the gain lifting that brings can bring by feed line length increase offset, even there is negative growth.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can either realizes broadband and can improve again the broadband flat plate array antenna of the gain of array antenna.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: this broadband flat plate array antenna, comprise the first metal copper clad layers, first medium layer, the second metal copper clad layers, second dielectric layer, the 3rd metal copper clad layers that are cascading from top to bottom, described first metal copper clad layers is etched with the micro-band submatrix of many groups, describedly often organizes micro-band submatrix and be made up of with the microstrip feed line being connected two microband paste unit two microband paste unit, second dielectric layer is provided with the feeding substrate integrated waveguide network of " work " font, described feeding substrate integrated waveguide network comprises multiple substrate integrated waveguide single unit and merit divides tuned window, described substrate integrated waveguide single unit is made up of two row's limit cinclides and the short circuit hole that is positioned at two cinclides one end, row limit, described limit cinclides, short circuit hole, merit divides tuned window all to run through the second metal copper clad layers, second dielectric layer, 3rd metal copper clad layers, second metal copper clad layers has multiple coupling slot, described multiple coupling slot is first one_to_one corresponding with multiple substrate integrated waveguide single respectively, gap is there is in the center line of each coupling slot with between the center line of corresponding substrate integrated waveguide single unit, described each coupling slot is simultaneously to two groups of micro-band submatrix feeds, often organize the both sides being distributed in coupling slot of two microband paste unit in micro-band submatrix and microstrip feed line symmetry.
Be further, also comprise feed network for waveguide, described feed network for waveguide is by being arranged on the first feed groove in the 3rd metal copper clad layers, the second feed groove and coupling tuning hole and feeding substrate integrated waveguide network is interconnected, and coupling tuning hole is arranged between the first feed groove and the second feed groove.
Further, described feed network for waveguide is made up of multiple H faces T junction, and described each H face T junction comprises waveguide and is connected to the ring flange at waveguide two ends, and described ring flange is provided with connecting hole.
Further, described first feed groove and the second feed groove arranged in parallel, its fluting direction is perpendicular to axis of substrate integrated waveguide single unit.
Further, the shape of described microband paste unit is rectangle or circle.
Further, described microstrip feed line is ladder bending.
Further, described coupling slot is rectangle or ellipse.
Further, adhesive linkage is provided with between described first medium layer and the second metal copper clad layers.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: broadband of the present invention flat plate array antenna adopts a coupling slot to encourage two micro-band submatrixs, now the impedance of single microstrip line is higher, be easy to radiation patch and carry out high impedance coupling, thus the bandwidth of the micro-band submatrix of broadening, realize broadband, and the relative bandwidth of this feeding classification (S11< – 10dB) can reach 16%, 1dB gain bandwidth and can reach 14.6%, and the bandwidth of ordinary construction only has about 6%; In addition, adopt the feeding substrate integrated waveguide network of " work " font, the whole parallelly feeding of all micro-band submatrixs, along with the increase of array element, bandwidth is almost constant, and broadband character can be kept in large battle array, and the gain of array antenna can improve gradually; In addition, feeding network and micro-band submatrix hierarchical design, feeding network is positioned at the below of micro-band submatrix, can not increase additional circuit area, is conducive to array antenna miniaturization.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of broadband of the present invention flat plate array antenna;
Fig. 2 is that the substrate integration wave-guide of broadband of the present invention flat plate array antenna is to the feed structure figure of micro-band submatrix;
Fig. 3 is the feeding substrate integrated waveguide network structure of broadband of the present invention flat plate array antenna;
Fig. 4 is the feed network for waveguide of broadband of the present invention flat plate array antenna and the structure chart of feeding substrate integrated waveguide network junction;
Fig. 5 is that the feed network for waveguide of broadband of the present invention flat plate array antenna and feeding substrate integrated waveguide network assemble schematic diagram;
Description of symbols in figure: the first metal copper clad layers 1, micro-band submatrix 11, microband paste unit 111, microstrip feed line 112, second metal copper clad layers 2, coupling slot 21, the 3rd metal copper clad layers 3, first feed groove 31, second feed groove 32, first medium layer 4, adhesive linkage 5, second dielectric layer 6, limit cinclides 711, short circuit hole 712, merit divide tuned window 713, coupling tuning hole 714, waveguide 81, ring flange 82, connecting hole 83.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.
As shown in Fig. 1 to 5, this broadband flat plate array antenna, comprise the first metal copper clad layers 1, first medium layer 4, second metal copper clad layers 2, second dielectric layer 6, the 3rd metal copper clad layers 3 that are cascading from top to bottom, described first metal copper clad layers 1 is etched with the micro-band submatrix 11 of many groups, describedly often organizes micro-band submatrix 11 and be made up of with the microstrip feed line 112 being connected two microband paste unit 111 two microband paste unit 111, second dielectric layer 6 is provided with the feeding substrate integrated waveguide network of " work " font, described feeding substrate integrated waveguide network comprises multiple substrate integrated waveguide single unit and merit divides tuned window 713, described substrate integrated waveguide single unit is made up of two row limit cinclides 711 and the short circuit hole 712 that is positioned at two cinclides 711 one end, row limit, described limit cinclides 711, short circuit hole 712, merit divides tuned window 713 all to run through the second metal copper clad layers 2, second dielectric layer 6, 3rd metal copper clad layers 3, second metal copper clad layers 2 has multiple coupling slot 21, described multiple coupling slot 21 is first one_to_one corresponding with multiple substrate integrated waveguide single respectively, gap is there is in the center line of each coupling slot 21 with between the center line of corresponding substrate integrated waveguide single unit, described each coupling slot 21 is simultaneously to two groups of micro-band submatrix 11 feeds, often organize the both sides being distributed in coupling slot 21 of two microband paste unit 111 in micro-band submatrix 11 and microstrip feed line 112 symmetry.Broadband of the present invention flat plate array antenna adopts a coupling slot 21 to encourage two micro-band submatrixs 11, now the impedance of single microstrip line is higher, be easy to radiation patch and carry out high impedance coupling, thus the bandwidth of the micro-band submatrix 11 of broadening, realize broadband, and the relative bandwidth S11< – 10dB of this feeding classification can reach 16%, 1dB gain bandwidth and can reach 14.6%, and the bandwidth of ordinary construction only has about 6%; In addition, adopt the feeding substrate integrated waveguide network of " work " font, all micro-band submatrixs 11 are parallelly feeding all, and along with the increase of array element, bandwidth is almost constant, and broadband character can be kept in large battle array, and the gain of array antenna can improve gradually; In addition, feeding network and micro-band submatrix 11 hierarchical design, feeding network is positioned at the below of micro-band submatrix 11, can not increase additional circuit area, is conducive to array antenna miniaturization.
In order to reduce feeder loss further, the effective area of expanded matrix, improve the upper gain limit value of array antenna, add feed network for waveguide, described feed network for waveguide is by being arranged on the first feed groove 31, second feed groove 32 in the 3rd metal copper clad layers 3 and coupling tuning hole 714 is interconnected with feeding substrate integrated waveguide network.
Described feed network for waveguide is made up of multiple H faces T junction, and described each H face T junction comprises waveguide 81 and is connected to the ring flange 82 at waveguide 81 two ends, and described ring flange 82 is provided with connecting hole 83.In order to easy to connect, ring flange 82 can need to be made non-standard form according to structuring the formation, waveguide 81 also can use subtract high waveguide substitute, as long as ensure main mould transmission conditions.Utilize multiple H faces T junction can realize 32 × 32 arrays, 32 × 64 arrays, 64 × 64 arrays etc., in order to reduce the impact of assembling, need to adopt medium bolt and medium nut, the position of connecting hole 83 should be opened outside substrate integrated waveguide single meta structure, as the gap part of submatrix and submatrix.
In order to ensure, between feed network for waveguide and feeding substrate integrated waveguide network, there is good connection performance, described first feed groove 31 and the second feed groove 32 arranged in parallel, its fluting direction is perpendicular to axis of substrate integrated waveguide single unit.
In order to ensure the radiation effect of micro-band submatrix 11, the shape of described microband paste unit 111 is rectangle or circular or analogous shape, and described microstrip feed line 112 is ladder bending or analogous shape.
Further, described coupling slot 21 is rectangle or ellipse.
Adhesive linkage 5 is provided with, for layers cementing between described first medium layer 4 and the second metal copper clad layers 2.
Embodiment 1
The array of the present embodiment middle width strip flat plate array antenna is 4 × 4 arrays, and its centre frequency is 61.5GHz, carries out electromagnetism full-wave simulation to it in HFSS.This broadband flat plate array antenna, comprise the first metal copper clad layers 1, first medium layer 4, second metal copper clad layers 2, second dielectric layer 6, adhesive linkage 5, the 3rd metal copper clad layers 3 that are cascading from top to bottom, described first metal copper clad layers 1 is etched with the micro-band submatrix 11 of many groups, describedly often organizes micro-band submatrix 11 and be made up of with the microstrip feed line 112 being connected two microband paste unit 111 two microband paste unit 111, second dielectric layer 6 is provided with the feeding substrate integrated waveguide network of " work " font, described feeding substrate integrated waveguide network comprises multiple substrate integrated waveguide single unit and merit divides tuned window 713, described substrate integrated waveguide single unit is made up of two row limit cinclides 711 and the short circuit hole 712 that is positioned at two cinclides 711 one end, row limit, described limit cinclides 711, short circuit hole 712, merit divides tuned window 713 all to run through the second metal copper clad layers 2, second dielectric layer 6, 3rd metal copper clad layers 3, second metal copper clad layers 2 has multiple coupling slot 21, described multiple coupling slot 21 is first one_to_one corresponding with multiple substrate integrated waveguide single respectively, gap is there is in the center line of each coupling slot 21 with between the center line of corresponding substrate integrated waveguide single unit, described each coupling slot 21 is simultaneously to two groups of micro-band submatrix 11 feeds, often organize the both sides being distributed in coupling slot 21 of two microband paste unit 111 in micro-band submatrix 11 and microstrip feed line 112 symmetry.The first medium layer 4 selected is TLY-5, and dielectric constant is 2.2, thickness 0.254mm, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009; The adhesive linkage 5 selected is FR-28-0040-50, and dielectric constant is 2.81, thickness 0.1mm, and loss angle tangent is 0.0017; The second layer dielectric layer selected is TLY-5, thickness 0.508mm; The thickness of the first metal copper clad layers 1, second metal copper clad layers 2, the 3rd metal copper clad layers 3 is 0.035mm; Selected microband paste unit 111 is rectangular microband paste, is of a size of 1.4mm × 1.4mm, microband paste unit 111 spacing 3.2mm; Microstrip feed line 112 width is 0.2mm and 0.325mm, is 0.6mm by two feedback microstrip line spacing of same coupling slot 21 feed; The limit cinclides 711 of substrate integrated waveguide single unit and the diameter of short circuit hole 712 are 0.4mm, and hole centre-to-centre spacing is 0.8mm, and merit divides the diameter of tuned window 713 to be 0.3mm; The width of substrate integrated waveguide single unit is 2.4mm, and the length of coupling slot 21 is 1.9mm, and width is 0.3mm, and coupling slot 21 departs from substrate integration wave-guide waveguide axis 0.48mm, the groove center distance short circuit face 1.4mm of coupling slot 21.Simulation result shows, from port a feed, 4 × 4 arrays are in the scope of 57GHz ~ 66GHz, and aerial voltage standing-wave ratio is less than 1.6, and antenna maximum gain 18.35dB, 1dB bandwidth gain bandwidth can reach 14.6%.
Embodiment 2
The array of the present embodiment middle width strip flat plate array antenna is 32 × 32 arrays, and its centre frequency is 61.5GHz, carries out electromagnetism full-wave simulation to it in HFSS.This broadband flat plate array antenna, comprise the first metal copper clad layers 1, first medium layer 4, second metal copper clad layers 2, second dielectric layer 6, adhesive linkage 5, the 3rd metal copper clad layers 3 that are cascading from top to bottom, described first metal copper clad layers 1 is etched with the micro-band submatrix 11 of many groups, describedly often organizes micro-band submatrix 11 and be made up of with the microstrip feed line 112 being connected two microband paste unit 111 two microband paste unit 111, second dielectric layer 6 is provided with the feeding substrate integrated waveguide network of " work " font, described feeding substrate integrated waveguide network comprises multiple substrate integrated waveguide single unit and merit divides tuned window 713, described substrate integrated waveguide single unit is made up of two row limit cinclides 711 and the short circuit hole 712 that is positioned at two cinclides 711 one end, row limit, described limit cinclides 711, short circuit hole 712, merit divides tuned window 713 all to run through the second metal copper clad layers 2, second dielectric layer 6, 3rd metal copper clad layers 3, second metal copper clad layers 2 has multiple coupling slot 21, described multiple coupling slot 21 is first one_to_one corresponding with multiple substrate integrated waveguide single respectively, gap is there is in the center line of each coupling slot 21 with between the center line of corresponding substrate integrated waveguide single unit, described each coupling slot 21 is simultaneously to two groups of micro-band submatrix 11 feeds, often organize the both sides being distributed in coupling slot 21 of two microband paste unit 111 in micro-band submatrix 11 and microstrip feed line 112 symmetry, also comprise feed network for waveguide, described feed network for waveguide is by being arranged on the first feed groove 31 in the 3rd metal copper clad layers 3, second feed groove 32 and coupling tuning hole 714 are interconnected with feeding substrate integrated waveguide network, described first feed groove 31 and the second feed groove 32 arranged in parallel, its fluting direction is perpendicular to the axis of substrate integrated waveguide single unit, described feed network for waveguide is made up of multiple H faces T junction, described each H face T junction comprises waveguide 81 and is connected to the ring flange 82 at waveguide 81 two ends, described ring flange 82 is provided with connecting hole 83.The first medium layer 4 selected is TLY-5, and dielectric constant is 2.2, thickness 0.254mm, and loss angle tangent is 0.0009; The adhesive linkage 5 selected is FR-28-0040-50, and dielectric constant is 2.81, thickness 0.1mm, and loss angle tangent is 0.0017; The second layer dielectric layer selected is TLY-5, thickness 0.508mm; The thickness of the first metal copper clad layers 1, second metal copper clad layers 2, the 3rd metal copper clad layers 3 is 0.035mm; Selected radiation patch is rectangular microband paste, is of a size of 1.4mm × 1.4mm, chip unit spacing 3.2mm; Microstrip feed line 112 width is 0.2mm and 0.325mm, is 0.6mm by two feedback microstrip line spacing of same coupling slot 21 feed; The limit cinclides 711 of substrate integrated waveguide single unit and the diameter of short circuit hole 712 are 0.4mm, and hole centre-to-centre spacing is 0.8mm, and merit divides tuned window 713 and coupling tuning hole 714 diameter to be 0.3mm; The width of substrate integrated waveguide single unit is 2.4mm, and the length of coupling slot 21 is 1.9mm, and width is 0.3mm, and coupling slot 21 departs from substrate integration wave-guide waveguide axis 0.48mm, the groove center distance short circuit face 1.4mm of coupling slot 21.The length of the first feed groove 31 and the second feed groove 32 is 2.8mm, width is 0.2mm, first feed groove 31 and the second feed groove 32 are at a distance of 0.9mm, two coupling tuning holes 714 are loaded between first feed groove 31 and the second feed groove 32, two pitch of holes 1.4mm, center, hole is 1.3mm to the distance of short circuit hole 712.Utilize H ground roll to lead T junction and array is extended to 32 × 32 arrays, utilize software CST full-wave simulation, result shows that antenna is in the scope of 57GHz ~ 66GHz, and aerial voltage standing-wave ratio is less than 2.5, and antenna gain is greater than 33dBi, and 1dB gain bandwidth is 11%.
Claims (7)
1. broadband flat plate array antenna, it is characterized in that: comprise the first metal copper clad layers (1), first medium layer (4), the second metal copper clad layers (2), second dielectric layer (6), the 3rd metal copper clad layers (3) that are cascading from top to bottom, described first metal copper clad layers (1) is etched with the micro-band submatrix (11) of many groups, describedly often organizes micro-band submatrix (11) and be made up of with the microstrip feed line (112) being connected two microband paste unit (111) two microband paste unit (111), second dielectric layer (6) is provided with the feeding substrate integrated waveguide network of " work " font, described feeding substrate integrated waveguide network comprises multiple substrate integrated waveguide single unit and merit divides tuned window (713), described substrate integrated waveguide single unit is made up of two rows limit cinclides (711) and the short circuit hole (712) that is positioned at two cinclides (711) two ends, row limit, described limit cinclides (711), short circuit hole (712), merit divides tuned window (713) all to run through the second metal copper clad layers (2), second dielectric layer (6), 3rd metal copper clad layers (3), second metal copper clad layers (2) has multiple coupling slot (21), described multiple coupling slot (21) is first one_to_one corresponding with multiple substrate integrated waveguide single respectively, gap is there is in the center line of each coupling slot (21) with between the center line of corresponding substrate integrated waveguide single unit, described each coupling slot (21) is simultaneously to two groups of micro-band submatrix (11) feeds, often organize two microband paste unit (111) in micro-band submatrix (11) and microstrip feed line (112) symmetrical across on coupling slot (21), also comprise feed network for waveguide, described feed network for waveguide is by being arranged on the first feed groove (31) in the 3rd metal copper clad layers (3), second feed groove (32) and coupling tuning hole (714) are interconnected with feeding substrate integrated waveguide network, coupling tuning hole (714) is arranged between the first feed groove (31) and the second feed groove (32).
2. broadband as claimed in claim 1 flat plate array antenna, it is characterized in that: described feed network for waveguide is made up of multiple H faces T junction, described each H face T junction comprises waveguide (81) and is connected to the ring flange (82) at waveguide (81) two ends, described ring flange (82) is provided with connecting hole (83).
3. broadband as claimed in claim 2 flat plate array antenna, is characterized in that: described first feed groove (31) is arranged in parallel with the second feed groove (32), and its fluting direction is perpendicular to the axis of substrate integrated waveguide single unit.
4. broadband as claimed in claim 1 flat plate array antenna, is characterized in that: the shape of described microband paste unit (111) is rectangle or circle.
5. broadband as claimed in claim 1 flat plate array antenna, is characterized in that: described microstrip feed line (112) is ladder bending.
6. broadband as claimed in claim 1 flat plate array antenna, is characterized in that: described coupling slot (21) is rectangle or ellipse.
7. broadband as claimed in claim 1 flat plate array antenna, is characterized in that: be provided with adhesive linkage (5) between described first medium layer (4) and the second metal copper clad layers (2).
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| CN108777354A (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2018-11-09 | 南京理工大学 | A kind of micro-strip paster antenna based on the load of SIW resonant cavities |
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| CN113113782B (en) * | 2021-03-02 | 2022-04-29 | 西安电子科技大学 | Broadband metal flat plate array antenna, radar and wireless communication system |
| CN115832694B (en) * | 2023-02-14 | 2023-05-26 | 成都天成电科科技有限公司 | Waveguide-like integrated antenna |
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